2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1992 Drew Eckhardt, March 28, 1992
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2010-11-15 06:43:18 +00:00
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.\" and Copyright (c) 2002, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2010 Michael Kerrisk
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\"
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intro.1, _exit.2, access.2, alarm.2, alloc_hugepages.2, arch_prctl.2, bind.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_getres.2, clock_nanosleep.2, close.2, connect.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, execve.2, exit_group.2, faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, fcntl.2, fork.2, fstatat.2, fsync.2, futimesat.2, get_robust_list.2, getdents.2, getdomainname.2, getgid.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getpagesize.2, getpid.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, getuid.2, getunwind.2, idle.2, init_module.2, intro.2, iopl.2, kcmp.2, kexec_load.2, kill.2, link.2, linkat.2, llseek.2, lookup_dcookie.2, madvise.2, mincore.2, mkdirat.2, mknodat.2, mmap.2, mmap2.2, mount.2, mprotect.2, mq_getsetattr.2, msgctl.2, msgget.2, msgop.2, msync.2, nice.2, open.2, openat.2, pause.2, perfmonctl.2, personality.2, pipe.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, prctl.2, pread.2, process_vm_readv.2, quotactl.2, read.2, readahead.2, readdir.2, readlinkat.2, readv.2, reboot.2, recvmmsg.2, remap_file_pages.2, rename.2, renameat.2, rmdir.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, select.2, select_tut.2, semctl.2, semget.2, semop.2, sendmmsg.2, set_tid_address.2, seteuid.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, setgid.2, setresuid.2, setuid.2, setup.2, sgetmask.2, shmctl.2, shmget.2, shmop.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, subpage_prot.2, swapon.2, symlink.2, symlinkat.2, sync.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, sysctl.2, sysfs.2, syslog.2, tee.2, time.2, timer_create.2, timer_delete.2, timer_getoverrun.2, timer_settime.2, times.2, tkill.2, umask.2, umount.2, uname.2, unlink.2, unlinkat.2, uselib.2, ustat.2, utime.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, vm86.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, CPU_SET.3, INFINITY.3, abort.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, adjtime.3, aio_init.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, assert.3, assert_perror.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atexit.3, atof.3, atoi.3, basename.3, bcmp.3, bcopy.3, bindresvport.3, bsd_signal.3, bsearch.3, bstring.3, byteorder.3, bzero.3, catgets.3, catopen.3, cbrt.3, ceil.3, clearenv.3, clock.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, closedir.3, confstr.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, difftime.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dprintf.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, end.3, endian.3, erf.3, erfc.3, ether_aton.3, euidaccess.3, exit.3, exp.3, exp10.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fcloseall.3, fexecve.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fmod.3, fnmatch.3, fopencookie.3, fpathconf.3, fpurge.3, frexp.3, fseeko.3, ftok.3, futimes.3, gcvt.3, get_nprocs_conf.3, getaddrinfo.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, getauxval.3, getcontext.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getenv.3, getfsent.3, getgrent.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, getline.3, getlogin.3, getmntent.3, getnetent.3, getnetent_r.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpw.3, getpwent.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent_r.3, gets.3, getservent.3, getservent_r.3, getumask.3, getusershell.3, getutmp.3, getw.3, glob.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, gsignal.3, hypot.3, if_nameindex.3, if_nametoindex.3, ilogb.3, index.3, inet.3, inet_ntop.3, inet_pton.3, infnan.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, intro.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, j0.3, ldexp.3, localeconv.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lsearch.3, lseek64.3, makecontext.3, makedev.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, malloc_get_state.3, malloc_info.3, malloc_stats.3, malloc_trim.3, malloc_usable_size.3, mallopt.3, matherr.3, mcheck.3, memccpy.3, memchr.3, memcmp.3, memcpy.3, memfrob.3, memmem.3, memmove.3, memset.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkfifoat.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, mq_unlink.3, mtrace.3, on_exit.3, opendir.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, pow.3, pow10.3, profil.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_detach.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_exit.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_join.3, pthread_kill.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setname_np.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, pthread_sigmask.3, pthread_sigqueue.3, pthread_testcancel.3, pthread_tryjoin_np.3, pthread_yield.3, putenv.3, putpwent.3, puts.3, qecvt.3, qsort.3, raise.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, re_comp.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, regex.3, remainder.3, remove.3, resolver.3, rewinddir.3, rint.3, round.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, sched_getcpu.3, seekdir.3, sem_close.3, sem_destroy.3, sem_getvalue.3, sem_init.3, sem_open.3, sem_post.3, sem_unlink.3, sem_wait.3, setenv.3, setlocale.3, setlogmask.3, shm_open.3, siginterrupt.3, sigpause.3, sigqueue.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sigwait.3, sin.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stdio_ext.3, stpcpy.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strfry.3, strftime.3, string.3, strlen.3, strpbrk.3, strptime.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strverscmp.3, strxfrm.3, swab.3, sysconf.3, syslog.3, system.3, sysv_signal.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tcgetpgrp.3, tcgetsid.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, toupper.3, trunc.3, tsearch.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ulimit.3, undocumented.3, unlocked_stdio.3, usleep.3, y0.3, cpuid.4, full.4, initrd.4, mouse.4, msr.4, sd.4, st.4, acct.5, core.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, aio.7, capabilities.7, credentials.7, feature_test_macros.7, hier.7, inotify.7, libc.7, locale.7, man-pages.7, man.7, math_error.7, mq_overview.7, numa.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, pthreads.7, pty.7, rtld-audit.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, sigevent.7, signal.7, suffixes.7, svipc.7, termio.7, time.7, udplite.7, units.7, uri.7, sln.8: s/LICENSE_START(verbatim)/LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)/
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-10 09:29:01 +00:00
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.\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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.\" preserved on all copies.
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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.\" permission notice identical to this one.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
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.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
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.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
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.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
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.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
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.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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.\" professionally.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
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.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
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intro.1, _exit.2, access.2, alarm.2, alloc_hugepages.2, arch_prctl.2, bind.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_getres.2, clock_nanosleep.2, close.2, connect.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, execve.2, exit_group.2, faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, fcntl.2, fork.2, fstatat.2, fsync.2, futimesat.2, get_robust_list.2, getdents.2, getdomainname.2, getgid.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getpagesize.2, getpid.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, getuid.2, getunwind.2, idle.2, init_module.2, intro.2, iopl.2, kcmp.2, kexec_load.2, kill.2, link.2, linkat.2, llseek.2, lookup_dcookie.2, madvise.2, mincore.2, mkdirat.2, mknodat.2, mmap.2, mmap2.2, mount.2, mprotect.2, mq_getsetattr.2, msgctl.2, msgget.2, msgop.2, msync.2, nice.2, open.2, openat.2, pause.2, perfmonctl.2, personality.2, pipe.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, prctl.2, pread.2, process_vm_readv.2, quotactl.2, read.2, readahead.2, readdir.2, readlinkat.2, readv.2, reboot.2, recvmmsg.2, remap_file_pages.2, rename.2, renameat.2, rmdir.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, select.2, select_tut.2, semctl.2, semget.2, semop.2, sendmmsg.2, set_tid_address.2, seteuid.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, setgid.2, setresuid.2, setuid.2, setup.2, sgetmask.2, shmctl.2, shmget.2, shmop.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, subpage_prot.2, swapon.2, symlink.2, symlinkat.2, sync.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, sysctl.2, sysfs.2, syslog.2, tee.2, time.2, timer_create.2, timer_delete.2, timer_getoverrun.2, timer_settime.2, times.2, tkill.2, umask.2, umount.2, uname.2, unlink.2, unlinkat.2, uselib.2, ustat.2, utime.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, vm86.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, CPU_SET.3, INFINITY.3, abort.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, adjtime.3, aio_init.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, assert.3, assert_perror.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atexit.3, atof.3, atoi.3, basename.3, bcmp.3, bcopy.3, bindresvport.3, bsd_signal.3, bsearch.3, bstring.3, byteorder.3, bzero.3, catgets.3, catopen.3, cbrt.3, ceil.3, clearenv.3, clock.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, closedir.3, confstr.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, difftime.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dprintf.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, end.3, endian.3, erf.3, erfc.3, ether_aton.3, euidaccess.3, exit.3, exp.3, exp10.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fcloseall.3, fexecve.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fmod.3, fnmatch.3, fopencookie.3, fpathconf.3, fpurge.3, frexp.3, fseeko.3, ftok.3, futimes.3, gcvt.3, get_nprocs_conf.3, getaddrinfo.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, getauxval.3, getcontext.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getenv.3, getfsent.3, getgrent.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, getline.3, getlogin.3, getmntent.3, getnetent.3, getnetent_r.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpw.3, getpwent.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent_r.3, gets.3, getservent.3, getservent_r.3, getumask.3, getusershell.3, getutmp.3, getw.3, glob.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, gsignal.3, hypot.3, if_nameindex.3, if_nametoindex.3, ilogb.3, index.3, inet.3, inet_ntop.3, inet_pton.3, infnan.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, intro.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, j0.3, ldexp.3, localeconv.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lsearch.3, lseek64.3, makecontext.3, makedev.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, malloc_get_state.3, malloc_info.3, malloc_stats.3, malloc_trim.3, malloc_usable_size.3, mallopt.3, matherr.3, mcheck.3, memccpy.3, memchr.3, memcmp.3, memcpy.3, memfrob.3, memmem.3, memmove.3, memset.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkfifoat.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, mq_unlink.3, mtrace.3, on_exit.3, opendir.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, pow.3, pow10.3, profil.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_detach.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_exit.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_join.3, pthread_kill.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setname_np.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, pthread_sigmask.3, pthread_sigqueue.3, pthread_testcancel.3, pthread_tryjoin_np.3, pthread_yield.3, putenv.3, putpwent.3, puts.3, qecvt.3, qsort.3, raise.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, re_comp.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, regex.3, remainder.3, remove.3, resolver.3, rewinddir.3, rint.3, round.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, sched_getcpu.3, seekdir.3, sem_close.3, sem_destroy.3, sem_getvalue.3, sem_init.3, sem_open.3, sem_post.3, sem_unlink.3, sem_wait.3, setenv.3, setlocale.3, setlogmask.3, shm_open.3, siginterrupt.3, sigpause.3, sigqueue.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sigwait.3, sin.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stdio_ext.3, stpcpy.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strfry.3, strftime.3, string.3, strlen.3, strpbrk.3, strptime.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strverscmp.3, strxfrm.3, swab.3, sysconf.3, syslog.3, system.3, sysv_signal.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tcgetpgrp.3, tcgetsid.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, toupper.3, trunc.3, tsearch.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ulimit.3, undocumented.3, unlocked_stdio.3, usleep.3, y0.3, cpuid.4, full.4, initrd.4, mouse.4, msr.4, sd.4, st.4, acct.5, core.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, aio.7, capabilities.7, credentials.7, feature_test_macros.7, hier.7, inotify.7, libc.7, locale.7, man-pages.7, man.7, math_error.7, mq_overview.7, numa.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, pthreads.7, pty.7, rtld-audit.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, sigevent.7, signal.7, suffixes.7, svipc.7, termio.7, time.7, udplite.7, units.7, uri.7, sln.8: Global fix: Add LICENSE_START(verbatim)
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-10 09:28:40 +00:00
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.\" %%%LICENSE_END
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" Modified by Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
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.\" Modified 1993-07-23 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
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.\" Modified 1996-01-13 by Arnt Gulbrandsen <agulbra@troll.no>
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.\" Modified 1996-01-22 by aeb, following a remark by
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.\" Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
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.\" Modified 1996-04-14 by aeb, following a remark by
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.\" Robert Bihlmeyer <robbe@orcus.ping.at>
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.\" Modified 1996-10-22 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
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.\" Modified 2001-05-04 by aeb, following a remark by
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close.2, getdomainname.2, getrlimit.2, madvise.2, sysinfo.2, umask.2, encrypt.3, fclose.3, fflush.3, lockf.3, rand.3, strtok.3, toupper.3, updwtmp.3, utmp.5, environ.7, hier.7, suffixes.7: Convert pages contain non-ASCII in source code comments to use UTF-8
Done using a slightly modified version of Peter Schiffer's
convert_to_utf_8.sh script. The script was modified so as *not*
a "coding:" marker to the groff source. For now, we'll only put
that marker on pages that contain non-ASCII characters in the
rendered text.
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60807
Reported-by: Weizhou Pan <cs.wzpan@gmail.com>
Co-written-by: Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-02-16 06:47:57 +00:00
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.\" Håvard Lygre <hklygre@online.no>
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2007-09-20 06:52:22 +00:00
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.\" Modified 2001-04-17 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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.\" Modified 2002-06-13 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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accept.2, execve.2, futimesat.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, madvise.2, mq_getsetattr.2, msgctl.2, nice.2, open.2, poll.2, setresuid.2, shmctl.2, sigaction.2, times.2, utimensat.2, __setfpucw.3, atoi.3, endian.3, err.3, euidaccess.3, fenv.3, fopencookie.3, fpurge.3, getgrouplist.3, getutmp.3, j0.3, lgamma.3, netlink.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_tryjoin_np.3, pthread_yield.3, random_r.3, readdir.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setenv.3, significand.3, sigsetops.3, strerror.3, strstr.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, timegm.3, unlocked_stdio.3, y0.3, locale.5, bootparam.7, feature_test_macros.7, ip.7, locale.7, pthreads.7, rtld-audit.7, nscd.8: Global fix: s/non-standard/nonstandard/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:37:52 +00:00
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.\" Added note on nonstandard behavior when SIGCHLD is ignored.
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2007-09-20 06:52:22 +00:00
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.\" Modified 2002-07-09 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
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.\" Enhanced descriptions of 'resource' values
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2003-11-28 by aeb, added RLIMIT_CORE
|
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2004-03-26 by aeb, added RLIMIT_AS
|
2007-09-20 06:52:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2004-06-16 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Added notes on CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2004-11-16 -- mtk: the getrlimit.2 page, which formally included
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" coverage of getrusage(2), has been split, so that the latter
|
|
|
|
.\" is now covered in its own getrusage.2.
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2004-11-16, mtk: A few other minor changes
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2004-11-23, mtk
|
|
|
|
.\" Added notes on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, RLIMIT_NPROC, and RLIMIT_RSS
|
|
|
|
.\" to "CONFORMING TO"
|
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2004-11-25, mtk
|
|
|
|
.\" Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel
|
|
|
|
.\" 2.6.9 changes.
|
|
|
|
.\" Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2004-11-03, mtk, Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2005-07-13, mtk, documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit.
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2005-07-28, mtk, Added descriptions of RLIMIT_NICE and RLIMIT_RTPRIO
|
2008-06-11 22:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2008-05-07, mtk / Peter Zijlstra, Added description of RLIMIT_RTTIME
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" 2010-11-06, mtk: Added documentation of prlimit()
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
getent.1, fallocate.2, getrlimit.2, llseek.2, madvise.2, mount.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, pread.2, stat.2, symlink.2, timer_create.2, timerfd_create.2, unshare.2, acos.3, acosh.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, cabs.3, cacos.3, cacosh.3, carg.3, casin.3, casinh.3, catan.3, catanh.3, cbrt.3, ccos.3, ccosh.3, ceil.3, cexp.3, cimag.3, clog.3, conj.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, cpow.3, cproj.3, creal.3, csin.3, csinh.3, csqrt.3, ctan.3, ctanh.3, ctime.3, erf.3, erfc.3, exec.3, exp.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fdim.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, frexp.3, ftw.3, get_nprocs_conf.3, getcwd.3, gethostbyname.3, getnetent.3, getutent.3, glob.3, ilogb.3, insque.3, j0.3, ldexp.3, lgamma.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, login.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lseek64.3, malloc.3, mbsnrtowcs.3, mbsrtowcs.3, modf.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, nan.3, nextafter.3, openpty.3, perror.3, posix_memalign.3, pow.3, printf.3, qsort.3, realpath.3, remainder.3, remquo.3, rint.3, round.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, scanf.3, setnetgrent.3, significand.3, sin.3, sinh.3, sqrt.3, strcasecmp.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tgamma.3, trunc.3, unlocked_stdio.3, updwtmp.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wordexp.3, wprintf.3, y0.3, epoll.7, icmp.7, nptl.7: tstamp
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2015-04-19 09:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.TH GETRLIMIT 2 2015-04-19 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH NAME
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
getrlimit, setrlimit, prlimit \- get/set resource limits
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
|
|
.B #include <sys/time.h>
|
|
|
|
.br
|
|
|
|
.B #include <sys/resource.h>
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.BI "int getrlimit(int " resource ", struct rlimit *" rlim );
|
|
|
|
.br
|
|
|
|
.BI "int setrlimit(int " resource ", const struct rlimit *" rlim );
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.BI "int prlimit(pid_t " pid ", int " resource \
|
|
|
|
", const struct rlimit *" new_limit ,
|
|
|
|
.br
|
|
|
|
.BI " struct rlimit *" old_limit );
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.in -4n
|
|
|
|
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
|
|
|
|
.BR feature_test_macros (7)):
|
|
|
|
.in
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ():
|
2015-04-10 07:10:44 +00:00
|
|
|
_GNU_SOURCE
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ()
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
2010-11-07 14:40:12 +00:00
|
|
|
system calls get and set resource limits respectively.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
Each resource has an associated soft and hard limit, as defined by the
|
2005-11-02 13:55:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.I rlimit
|
2010-11-07 14:43:23 +00:00
|
|
|
structure:
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.PP
|
2007-12-19 05:53:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.in +4n
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
struct rlimit {
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
rlim_t rlim_cur; /* Soft limit */
|
|
|
|
rlim_t rlim_max; /* Hard limit (ceiling for rlim_cur) */
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
2007-12-19 05:53:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.in
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
The soft limit is the value that the kernel enforces for the
|
|
|
|
corresponding resource.
|
|
|
|
The hard limit acts as a ceiling for the soft limit:
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
an unprivileged process may set only its soft limit to a value in the
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
range from 0 up to the hard limit, and (irreversibly) lower its hard limit.
|
|
|
|
A privileged process (under Linux: one with the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
|
|
|
|
capability) may make arbitrary changes to either limit value.
|
|
|
|
.PP
|
|
|
|
The value
|
|
|
|
.B RLIM_INFINITY
|
|
|
|
denotes no limit on a resource (both in the structure returned by
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and in the structure passed to
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()).
|
|
|
|
.PP
|
2010-11-07 14:40:12 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.I resource
|
2010-11-07 14:40:12 +00:00
|
|
|
argument must be one of:
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_AS
|
|
|
|
The maximum size of the process's virtual memory (address space) in bytes.
|
|
|
|
.\" since 2.0.27 / 2.1.12
|
|
|
|
This limit affects calls to
|
|
|
|
.BR brk (2),
|
getrlimit.2, mmap.2, stat.2, unimplemented.2, dbopen.3, ecvt_r.3, fopen.3, fts.3, getcontext.3, qecvt.3, ip.7, ld.so.8: grfix: Add Oxford comma
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-09-01 15:57:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR mmap (2),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR mremap (2),
|
|
|
|
which fail with the error
|
|
|
|
.B ENOMEM
|
2007-04-24 16:44:51 +00:00
|
|
|
upon exceeding this limit.
|
|
|
|
Also automatic stack expansion will fail
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
(and generate a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGSEGV
|
|
|
|
that kills the process if no alternate stack
|
|
|
|
has been made available via
|
|
|
|
.BR sigaltstack (2)).
|
2005-06-16 10:32:30 +00:00
|
|
|
Since the value is a \fIlong\fP, on machines with a 32-bit \fIlong\fP
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
either this limit is at most 2 GiB, or this resource is unlimited.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_CORE
|
2014-05-16 10:24:21 +00:00
|
|
|
Maximum size of a
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.I core
|
2014-05-16 10:24:21 +00:00
|
|
|
file (see
|
|
|
|
.BR core (5)).
|
2007-04-24 16:44:51 +00:00
|
|
|
When 0 no core dump files are created.
|
intro.1, time.1, adjtimex.2, capget.2, eventfd.2, fcntl.2, getrlimit.2, getsockopt.2, gettimeofday.2, intro.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, mlock.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, semget.2, sigaltstack.2, signalfd.2, sysctl.2, timer_settime.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, CPU_SET.3, argz_add.3, assert_perror.3, atexit.3, backtrace.3, bcmp.3, clearenv.3, ctime.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, ecvt.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, exit.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, fnmatch.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, ftw.3, fwide.3, getaddrinfo.3, gethostbyname.3, getlogin.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getrpcent.3, getservent.3, glob.3, hsearch.3, inet.3, isalpha.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, longjmp.3, lsearch.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, mblen.3, mbsinit.3, mbtowc.3, on_exit.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, raise.3, rcmd.3, regex.3, rexec.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtnetlink.3, scandir.3, sem_init.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, signbit.3, stdio_ext.3, strtod.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, system.3, termios.3, timeradd.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, wctomb.3, xdr.3, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, core.5, elf.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, math_error.7, mdoc.samples.7, mq_overview.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, regex.7, socket.7, tcp.7, tzselect.8: Global fix: s/non-zero/nonzero/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:40:55 +00:00
|
|
|
When nonzero, larger dumps are truncated to this size.
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_CPU
|
|
|
|
CPU time limit in seconds.
|
|
|
|
When the process reaches the soft limit, it is sent a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXCPU
|
|
|
|
signal.
|
|
|
|
The default action for this signal is to terminate the process.
|
|
|
|
However, the signal can be caught, and the handler can return control to
|
|
|
|
the main program.
|
|
|
|
If the process continues to consume CPU time, it will be sent
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXCPU
|
|
|
|
once per second until the hard limit is reached, at which time
|
|
|
|
it is sent
|
|
|
|
.BR SIGKILL .
|
2011-09-08 23:45:39 +00:00
|
|
|
(This latter point describes Linux behavior.
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
Implementations vary in how they treat processes which continue to
|
|
|
|
consume CPU time after reaching the soft limit.
|
|
|
|
Portable applications that need to catch this signal should
|
|
|
|
perform an orderly termination upon first receipt of
|
2004-12-03 16:06:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR SIGXCPU .)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_DATA
|
|
|
|
The maximum size of the process's data segment (initialized data,
|
|
|
|
uninitialized data, and heap).
|
|
|
|
This limit affects calls to
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR brk (2)
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR sbrk (2),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
which fail with the error
|
|
|
|
.B ENOMEM
|
|
|
|
upon encountering the soft limit of this resource.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_FSIZE
|
|
|
|
The maximum size of files that the process may create.
|
|
|
|
Attempts to extend a file beyond this limit result in delivery of a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXFSZ
|
|
|
|
signal.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
By default, this signal terminates a process, but a process can
|
|
|
|
catch this signal instead, in which case the relevant system call (e.g.,
|
2007-06-15 21:44:10 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR write (2),
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR truncate (2))
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
fails with the error
|
|
|
|
.BR EFBIG .
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_LOCKS " (Early Linux 2.4 only)"
|
|
|
|
.\" to be precise: Linux 2.4.0-test9; no longer in 2.4.25 / 2.5.65
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
A limit on the combined number of
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR flock (2)
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
locks and
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR fcntl (2)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
leases that this process may establish.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
The maximum number of bytes of memory that may be locked
|
|
|
|
into RAM.
|
|
|
|
In effect this limit is rounded down to the nearest multiple
|
|
|
|
of the system page size.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
This limit affects
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR mlock (2)
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR mlockall (2)
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
and the
|
|
|
|
.BR mmap (2)
|
|
|
|
.B MAP_LOCKED
|
|
|
|
operation.
|
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.9 it also affects the
|
|
|
|
.BR shmctl (2)
|
|
|
|
.B SHM_LOCK
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
operation, where it sets a maximum on the total bytes in
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
shared memory segments (see
|
|
|
|
.BR shmget (2))
|
|
|
|
that may be locked by the real user ID of the calling process.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR shmctl (2)
|
|
|
|
.B SHM_LOCK
|
|
|
|
locks are accounted for separately from the per-process memory
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
locks established by
|
|
|
|
.BR mlock (2),
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR mlockall (2),
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR mmap (2)
|
|
|
|
.BR MAP_LOCKED ;
|
|
|
|
a process can lock bytes up to this limit in each of these
|
2004-12-03 16:06:22 +00:00
|
|
|
two categories.
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
In Linux kernels before 2.6.9, this limit controlled the amount of
|
|
|
|
memory that could be locked by a privileged process.
|
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.9, no limits are placed on the amount of memory
|
|
|
|
that a privileged process may lock, and this limit instead governs
|
|
|
|
the amount of memory that an unprivileged process may lock.
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
2014-01-21 02:40:40 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE " (since Linux 2.6.8)"
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies the limit on the number of bytes that can be allocated
|
|
|
|
for POSIX message queues for the real user ID of the calling process.
|
|
|
|
This limit is enforced for
|
|
|
|
.BR mq_open (3).
|
|
|
|
Each message queue that the user creates counts (until it is removed)
|
|
|
|
against this limit according to the formula:
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
|
2014-10-01 07:47:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Since Linux 3.5:
|
|
|
|
bytes = attr.mq_maxmsg * sizeof(struct msg_msg) +
|
|
|
|
min(attr.mq_maxmsg, MQ_PRIO_MAX) *
|
2014-10-02 22:01:00 +00:00
|
|
|
sizeof(struct posix_msg_tree_node)+
|
2014-10-01 07:47:42 +00:00
|
|
|
/* For overhead */
|
|
|
|
attr.mq_maxmsg * attr.mq_msgsize;
|
|
|
|
/* For message data */
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Linux 3.4 and earlier:
|
|
|
|
bytes = attr.mq_maxmsg * sizeof(struct msg_msg *) +
|
|
|
|
/* For overhead */
|
|
|
|
attr.mq_maxmsg * attr.mq_msgsize;
|
|
|
|
/* For message data */
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
where
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.I attr
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
is the
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.I mq_attr
|
|
|
|
structure specified as the fourth argument to
|
2014-10-01 07:47:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR mq_open (3),
|
|
|
|
and the
|
|
|
|
.I msg_msg
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.I posix_msg_tree_node
|
|
|
|
structures are kernel-internal structures.
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2014-10-01 07:47:42 +00:00
|
|
|
The "overhead" addend in the formula accounts for overhead
|
|
|
|
bytes required by the implementation
|
|
|
|
and ensures that the user cannot
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
create an unlimited number of zero-length messages (such messages
|
|
|
|
nevertheless each consume some system memory for bookkeeping overhead).
|
2005-09-19 14:57:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
2008-05-07 13:33:52 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_NICE " (since Linux 2.6.12, but see BUGS below)"
|
2005-09-20 17:43:58 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies a ceiling to which the process's nice value can be raised using
|
2005-09-19 14:57:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR setpriority (2)
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
.BR nice (2).
|
|
|
|
The actual ceiling for the nice value is calculated as
|
|
|
|
.IR "20\ \-\ rlim_cur" .
|
2005-09-20 17:43:58 +00:00
|
|
|
(This strangeness occurs because negative numbers cannot be specified
|
|
|
|
as resource limit values, since they typically have special meanings.
|
2007-06-22 17:16:20 +00:00
|
|
|
For example,
|
|
|
|
.B RLIM_INFINITY
|
|
|
|
typically is the same as \-1.)
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_NOFILE
|
|
|
|
Specifies a value one greater than the maximum file descriptor number
|
|
|
|
that can be opened by this process.
|
|
|
|
Attempts
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.RB ( open (2),
|
|
|
|
.BR pipe (2),
|
|
|
|
.BR dup (2),
|
2005-10-28 13:32:01 +00:00
|
|
|
etc.)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
to exceed this limit yield the error
|
|
|
|
.BR EMFILE .
|
2008-10-05 03:42:32 +00:00
|
|
|
(Historically, this limit was named
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_OFILE
|
|
|
|
on BSD.)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_NPROC
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
The maximum number of processes (or, more precisely on Linux, threads)
|
2006-12-01 03:49:20 +00:00
|
|
|
that can be created for the real user ID of the calling process.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
Upon encountering this limit,
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR fork (2)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
fails with the error
|
|
|
|
.BR EAGAIN .
|
2014-05-14 04:10:32 +00:00
|
|
|
This limit is not enforced for processes that have either the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
|
|
|
|
or the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
|
|
|
|
capability.
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_RSS
|
|
|
|
Specifies the limit (in pages) of the process's resident set
|
|
|
|
(the number of virtual pages resident in RAM).
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
This limit has effect only in Linux 2.4.x, x < 30, and there
|
|
|
|
affects only calls to
|
2007-05-11 23:07:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR madvise (2)
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
specifying
|
2005-07-13 12:51:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR MADV_WILLNEED .
|
|
|
|
.\" As at kernel 2.6.12, this limit still does nothing in 2.6 though
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" talk of making it do something has surfaced from time to time in LKML
|
2005-07-13 13:05:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" -- MTK, Jul 05
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
2014-01-21 02:40:40 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_RTPRIO " (since Linux 2.6.12, but see BUGS)"
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies a ceiling on the real-time priority that may be set for
|
2005-09-20 17:43:58 +00:00
|
|
|
this process using
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR sched_setscheduler (2)
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR sched_setparam (2).
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2014-01-21 02:40:40 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_RTTIME " (since Linux 2.6.25)"
|
2010-09-12 06:40:54 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies a limit (in microseconds)
|
|
|
|
on the amount of CPU time that a process scheduled
|
2008-06-11 22:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
under a real-time scheduling policy may consume without making a blocking
|
|
|
|
system call.
|
|
|
|
For the purpose of this limit,
|
|
|
|
each time a process makes a blocking system call,
|
|
|
|
the count of its consumed CPU time is reset to zero.
|
|
|
|
The CPU time count is not reset if the process continues trying to
|
|
|
|
use the CPU but is preempted, its time slice expires, or it calls
|
|
|
|
.BR sched_yield (2).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upon reaching the soft limit, the process is sent a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXCPU
|
|
|
|
signal.
|
|
|
|
If the process catches or ignores this signal and
|
|
|
|
continues consuming CPU time, then
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXCPU
|
|
|
|
will be generated once each second until the hard limit is reached,
|
|
|
|
at which point the process is sent a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGKILL
|
|
|
|
signal.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The intended use of this limit is to stop a runaway
|
|
|
|
real-time process from locking up the system.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2014-01-21 02:40:40 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_SIGPENDING " (since Linux 2.6.8)"
|
2004-12-07 17:57:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies the limit on the number of signals
|
2004-12-03 16:06:22 +00:00
|
|
|
that may be queued for the real user ID of the calling process.
|
2004-12-07 17:57:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Both standard and real-time signals are counted for the purpose of
|
|
|
|
checking this limit.
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
However, the limit is enforced only for
|
getrlimit.2, kill.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, sigaction.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigprocmask.2, sigwaitinfo.2, psignal.3, pthread_sigqueue.3, credentials.7, signal.7: Change reference to "sigqueue(2)" to "sigqueue(3)"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2011-09-18 04:27:57 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR sigqueue (3);
|
2004-12-07 17:57:48 +00:00
|
|
|
it is always possible to use
|
|
|
|
.BR kill (2)
|
|
|
|
to queue one instance of any of the signals that are not already
|
|
|
|
queued to the process.
|
2004-12-03 16:06:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" This replaces the /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-max system-wide limit
|
|
|
|
.\" that was present in kernels <= 2.6.7. MTK Dec 04
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_STACK
|
|
|
|
The maximum size of the process stack, in bytes.
|
|
|
|
Upon reaching this limit, a
|
|
|
|
.B SIGSEGV
|
|
|
|
signal is generated.
|
|
|
|
To handle this signal, a process must employ an alternate signal stack
|
|
|
|
.RB ( sigaltstack (2)).
|
2008-10-05 04:24:36 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.23,
|
|
|
|
this limit also determines the amount of space used for the process's
|
|
|
|
command-line arguments and environment variables; for details, see
|
|
|
|
.BR execve (2).
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.SS prlimit()
|
|
|
|
.\" commit c022a0acad534fd5f5d5f17280f6d4d135e74e81
|
|
|
|
.\" Author: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
|
|
|
|
.\" Date: Tue May 4 18:03:50 2010 +0200
|
2014-05-16 11:02:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
.\" rlimits: implement prlimit64 syscall
|
2014-08-19 17:01:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
2014-05-16 11:02:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" commit 6a1d5e2c85d06da35cdfd93f1a27675bfdc3ad8c
|
|
|
|
.\" Author: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
|
|
|
|
.\" Date: Wed Mar 24 17:06:58 2010 +0100
|
2014-08-19 17:01:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
2014-05-16 11:02:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" rlimits: add rlimit64 structure
|
|
|
|
.\"
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
The Linux-specific
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ()
|
|
|
|
system call combines and extends the functionality of
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ().
|
|
|
|
It can be used to both set and get the resource limits of an arbitrary process.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.I resource
|
|
|
|
argument has the same meaning as for
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ().
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the
|
|
|
|
.IR new_limit
|
|
|
|
argument is a not NULL, then the
|
|
|
|
.I rlimit
|
|
|
|
structure to which it points is used to set new values for
|
|
|
|
the soft and hard limits for
|
|
|
|
.IR resource .
|
|
|
|
If the
|
|
|
|
.IR old_limit
|
|
|
|
argument is a not NULL, then a successful call to
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ()
|
|
|
|
places the previous soft and hard limits for
|
|
|
|
.I resource
|
2010-11-12 05:16:40 +00:00
|
|
|
in the
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.I rlimit
|
|
|
|
structure pointed to by
|
|
|
|
.IR old_limit .
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.I pid
|
|
|
|
argument specifies the ID of the process on which the call is to operate.
|
|
|
|
If
|
|
|
|
.I pid
|
|
|
|
is 0, then the call applies to the calling process.
|
|
|
|
To set or get the resources of a process other than itself,
|
|
|
|
the caller must have the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
|
|
|
|
capability, or the
|
|
|
|
real, effective, and saved set user IDs of the target process
|
|
|
|
must match the real user ID of the caller
|
|
|
|
.I and
|
|
|
|
the real, effective, and saved set group IDs of the target process
|
|
|
|
must match the real group ID of the caller.
|
adjtimex.2, bind.2, cacheflush.2, clone.2, fallocate.2, fanotify_init.2, fanotify_mark.2, flock.2, futex.2, getdents.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, migrate_pages.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, msgop.2, nfsservctl.2, perf_event_open.2, pread.2, ptrace.2, recvmmsg.2, rename.2, restart_syscall.2, sched_setattr.2, send.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, signalfd.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, timerfd_create.2, tkill.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, aio_init.3, confstr.3, exit.3, fmemopen.3, fopen.3, getaddrinfo.3, getauxval.3, getspnam.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, mallopt.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, qecvt.3, queue.3, rtnetlink.3, strerror.3, strftime.3, toupper.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, initrd.4, locale.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, ddp.7, fanotify.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, path_resolution.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sched.7, signal.7, socket.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, unix.7, ld.so.8: srcfix: Update FIXMEs
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-08-21 21:47:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" FIXME . this permission check is strange
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Asked about this on LKML, 7 Nov 2010
|
|
|
|
.\" "Inconsistent credential checking in prlimit() syscall"
|
|
|
|
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
|
|
|
On success, these system calls return 0.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
On error, \-1 is returned, and
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.I errno
|
|
|
|
is set appropriately.
|
|
|
|
.SH ERRORS
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B EFAULT
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
A pointer argument points to a location
|
|
|
|
outside the accessible address space.
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B EINVAL
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
The value specified in
|
2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
|
|
|
.I resource
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
is not valid;
|
|
|
|
or, for
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ():
|
2007-12-22 16:40:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.I rlim\->rlim_cur
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
was greater than
|
2007-12-22 16:40:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.IR rlim\->rlim_max .
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B EPERM
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
An unprivileged process tried to raise the hard limit; the
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.B CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
|
|
|
|
capability is required to do this.
|
2015-01-13 10:33:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B EPERM
|
|
|
|
The caller tried to increase the hard
|
2007-06-22 17:16:20 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_NOFILE
|
2015-01-13 10:31:16 +00:00
|
|
|
limit above the maximum defined by
|
|
|
|
.IR /proc/sys/fs/nr_open
|
|
|
|
(see
|
|
|
|
.BR proc (5))
|
2015-01-13 10:33:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B EPERM
|
|
|
|
.RB ( prlimit ())
|
|
|
|
The calling process did not have permission to set limits
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
for the process specified by
|
|
|
|
.IR pid .
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B ESRCH
|
|
|
|
Could not find a process with the ID specified in
|
|
|
|
.IR pid .
|
|
|
|
.SH VERSIONS
|
2010-11-15 06:51:55 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ()
|
|
|
|
system call is available since Linux 2.6.36.
|
|
|
|
Library support is available since glibc 2.13.
|
2015-05-13 06:53:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH ATTRIBUTES
|
|
|
|
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
|
|
|
|
.BR attributes (7).
|
|
|
|
.TS
|
|
|
|
allbox;
|
|
|
|
lbw35 lb lb
|
|
|
|
l l l.
|
|
|
|
Interface Attribute Value
|
|
|
|
T{
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit (),
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit (),
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ()
|
|
|
|
T} Thread safety MT-Safe
|
|
|
|
.TE
|
|
|
|
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit (),
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ():
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
2010-11-07 14:23:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.br
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ():
|
|
|
|
Linux-specific.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-09-20 16:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
2007-09-20 16:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_NPROC
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
derive from BSD and are not specified in POSIX.1-2001;
|
|
|
|
they are present on the BSDs and Linux, but on few other implementations.
|
2007-09-20 16:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_RSS
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
derives from BSD and is not specified in POSIX.1-2001;
|
|
|
|
it is nevertheless present on most implementations.
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE ,
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_NICE ,
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_RTPRIO ,
|
2008-06-11 22:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_RTTIME ,
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
|
2007-12-25 21:28:09 +00:00
|
|
|
are Linux-specific.
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH NOTES
|
|
|
|
A child process created via
|
|
|
|
.BR fork (2)
|
2008-08-26 04:11:43 +00:00
|
|
|
inherits its parent's resource limits.
|
2007-05-18 16:06:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Resource limits are preserved across
|
|
|
|
.BR execve (2).
|
2008-08-26 04:19:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2014-01-22 14:44:30 +00:00
|
|
|
Lowering the soft limit for a resource below the process's
|
|
|
|
current consumption of that resource will succeed
|
|
|
|
(but will prevent the process from further increasing
|
|
|
|
its consumption of the resource).
|
|
|
|
|
2008-08-26 04:19:07 +00:00
|
|
|
One can set the resource limits of the shell using the built-in
|
|
|
|
.IR ulimit
|
|
|
|
command
|
|
|
|
.RI ( limit
|
|
|
|
in
|
|
|
|
.BR csh (1)).
|
|
|
|
The shell's resource limits are inherited by the processes that
|
|
|
|
it creates to execute commands.
|
2010-09-26 04:59:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2012-11-24 08:08:04 +00:00
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.24, the resource limits of any process can be inspected via
|
|
|
|
.IR /proc/[pid]/limits ;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.BR proc (5).
|
|
|
|
|
2010-09-26 04:59:41 +00:00
|
|
|
Ancient systems provided a
|
|
|
|
.BR vlimit ()
|
|
|
|
function with a similar purpose to
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ().
|
|
|
|
For backward compatibility, glibc also provides
|
|
|
|
.BR vlimit ().
|
|
|
|
All new applications should be written using
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ().
|
2014-05-16 11:35:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.SS C library/ kernel ABI differences
|
|
|
|
Since version 2.13, the glibc
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
wrapper functions no longer invoke the corresponding system calls,
|
|
|
|
but instead employ
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit (),
|
|
|
|
for the reasons described in BUGS.
|
2015-04-10 07:15:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The name of the glibc wrapper function is
|
|
|
|
.BR prlimit ();
|
|
|
|
the underlying system call is call prlimit64 ().
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
|
|
In older Linux kernels, the
|
|
|
|
.B SIGXCPU
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.B SIGKILL
|
|
|
|
signals delivered when a process encountered the soft and hard
|
2004-12-13 06:58:38 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_CPU
|
2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
|
|
|
limits were delivered one (CPU) second later than they should have been.
|
|
|
|
This was fixed in kernel 2.6.8.
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
In 2.6.x kernels before 2.6.17, a
|
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_CPU
|
|
|
|
limit of 0 is wrongly treated as "no limit" (like
|
2006-04-04 04:12:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIM_INFINITY ).
|
2008-05-07 13:33:52 +00:00
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.17, setting a limit of 0 does have an effect,
|
2006-04-04 04:12:36 +00:00
|
|
|
but is actually treated as a limit of 1 second.
|
2006-07-11 04:19:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" see http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=114008066530167&w=2
|
2006-04-04 04:12:36 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
A kernel bug means that
|
2013-02-05 02:26:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" See https://lwn.net/Articles/145008/
|
2005-07-28 14:38:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.B RLIMIT_RTPRIO
|
|
|
|
does not work in kernel 2.6.12; the problem is fixed in kernel 2.6.13.
|
2005-09-20 06:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
In kernel 2.6.12, there was an off-by-one mismatch
|
2005-10-19 14:48:35 +00:00
|
|
|
between the priority ranges returned by
|
|
|
|
.BR getpriority (2)
|
|
|
|
and
|
2005-09-20 06:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_NICE .
|
2010-11-15 06:42:39 +00:00
|
|
|
This had the effect that the actual ceiling for the nice value
|
2005-09-20 06:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
was calculated as
|
|
|
|
.IR "19\ \-\ rlim_cur" .
|
2005-09-20 17:43:58 +00:00
|
|
|
This was fixed in kernel 2.6.13.
|
2005-09-20 06:52:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" see http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2012-11-25 08:34:51 +00:00
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.12,
|
|
|
|
.\" The relevant patch, sent to LKML, seems to be
|
|
|
|
.\" http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/273462
|
|
|
|
.\" From: Roland McGrath <roland <at> redhat.com>
|
|
|
|
.\" Subject: [PATCH 7/7] make RLIMIT_CPU/SIGXCPU per-process
|
|
|
|
.\" Date: 2005-01-23 23:27:46 GMT
|
|
|
|
if a process reaches its soft
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_CPU
|
|
|
|
limit and has a handler installed for
|
|
|
|
.BR SIGXCPU ,
|
|
|
|
then, in addition to invoking the signal handler,
|
|
|
|
the kernel increases the soft limit by one second.
|
|
|
|
This behavior repeats if the process continues to consume CPU time,
|
|
|
|
until the hard limit is reached,
|
|
|
|
at which point the process is killed.
|
|
|
|
Other implementations
|
|
|
|
.\" Tested Solaris 10, FreeBSD 9, OpenBSD 5.0
|
|
|
|
do not change the
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_CPU
|
|
|
|
soft limit in this manner,
|
|
|
|
and the Linux behavior is probably not standards conformant;
|
|
|
|
portable applications should avoid relying on this Linux-specific behavior.
|
adjtimex.2, bind.2, cacheflush.2, clone.2, fallocate.2, fanotify_init.2, fanotify_mark.2, flock.2, futex.2, getdents.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, migrate_pages.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, msgop.2, nfsservctl.2, perf_event_open.2, pread.2, ptrace.2, recvmmsg.2, rename.2, restart_syscall.2, sched_setattr.2, send.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, signalfd.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, timerfd_create.2, tkill.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, aio_init.3, confstr.3, exit.3, fmemopen.3, fopen.3, getaddrinfo.3, getauxval.3, getspnam.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, mallopt.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, qecvt.3, queue.3, rtnetlink.3, strerror.3, strftime.3, toupper.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, initrd.4, locale.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, ddp.7, fanotify.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, path_resolution.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sched.7, signal.7, socket.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, unix.7, ld.so.8: srcfix: Update FIXMEs
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-08-21 21:47:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" FIXME . https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=50951
|
2012-11-25 08:34:51 +00:00
|
|
|
The Linux-specific
|
|
|
|
.BR RLIMIT_RTTIME
|
|
|
|
limit exhibits the same behavior when the soft limit is encountered.
|
|
|
|
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
Kernels before 2.4.22 did not diagnose the error
|
|
|
|
.B EINVAL
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
for
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
when
|
2007-12-22 16:40:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.I rlim\->rlim_cur
|
2005-10-24 15:26:31 +00:00
|
|
|
was greater than
|
2007-12-22 16:40:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.IR rlim\->rlim_max .
|
2014-05-16 11:31:13 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
|
|
|
.SS Representation of """large""" resource limit values on 32-bit platforms
|
|
|
|
The glibc
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
wrapper functions use a 64-bit
|
|
|
|
.IR rlim_t
|
|
|
|
data type, even on 32-bit platforms.
|
|
|
|
However, the
|
|
|
|
.I rlim_t
|
|
|
|
data type used in the
|
|
|
|
.BR getrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR setrlimit ()
|
|
|
|
system calls is a (32-bit)
|
|
|
|
.IR "unsigned long" .
|
|
|
|
Furthermore, in Linux versions before 2.6.36,
|
|
|
|
the kernel represents resource limits on 32-bit platforms as
|
|
|
|
.IR "unsigned long" .
|
|
|
|
However, a 32-bit data type is not wide enough.
|
|
|
|
.\" https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5042
|
adjtimex.2, bind.2, cacheflush.2, clone.2, fallocate.2, fanotify_init.2, fanotify_mark.2, flock.2, futex.2, getdents.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, migrate_pages.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, msgop.2, nfsservctl.2, perf_event_open.2, pread.2, ptrace.2, recvmmsg.2, rename.2, restart_syscall.2, sched_setattr.2, send.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, signalfd.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, timerfd_create.2, tkill.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, aio_init.3, confstr.3, exit.3, fmemopen.3, fopen.3, getaddrinfo.3, getauxval.3, getspnam.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, mallopt.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, qecvt.3, queue.3, rtnetlink.3, strerror.3, strftime.3, toupper.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, initrd.4, locale.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, ddp.7, fanotify.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, path_resolution.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sched.7, signal.7, socket.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, unix.7, ld.so.8: srcfix: Update FIXMEs
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-08-21 21:47:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12201
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2014-05-16 11:31:13 +00:00
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The most pertinent limit here is
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.BR RLIMIT_FSIZE ,
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which specifies the maximum size to which a file can grow:
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to be useful, this limit must be represented using a type
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2014-08-19 17:01:21 +00:00
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that is as wide as the type used to
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2014-05-16 11:31:13 +00:00
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represent file offsets\(emthat is, as wide as a 64-bit
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.BR off_t
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(assuming a program compiled with
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.IR _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 ).
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To work around this kernel limitation,
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if a program tried to set a resource limit to a value larger than
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can be represented in a 32-bit
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.IR "unsigned long" ,
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then the glibc
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.BR setrlimit ()
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wrapper function silently converted the limit value to
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.BR RLIM_INFINITY .
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In other words, the requested resource limit setting was silently ignored.
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This problem was addressed in Linux 2.6.36 with two principal changes:
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.IP * 3
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the addition of a new kernel representation of resource limits that
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uses 64 bits, even on 32-bit platforms;
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.IP *
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the addition of the
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.BR prlimit ()
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system call, which employs 64-bit values for its resource limit arguments.
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.PP
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Since version 2.13,
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.\" https://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12201
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glibc works around the limitations of the
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.BR getrlimit ()
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and
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.BR setrlimit ()
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system calls by implementing
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.BR setrlimit ()
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and
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.BR getrlimit ()
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as wrapper functions that call
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.BR prlimit ().
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getrlimit.2, setgid.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, getenv.3, if_nameindex.3, scanf.3, aio.7, numa.7, rtld-audit.7, udplite.7: Fix order of SH sections
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-02-12 10:49:39 +00:00
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.SH EXAMPLE
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The program below demonstrates the use of
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.BR prlimit ().
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.PP
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.nf
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#define _GNU_SOURCE
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#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <time.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <sys/resource.h>
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#define errExit(msg) do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \\
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} while (0)
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int
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main(int argc, char *argv[])
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{
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struct rlimit old, new;
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struct rlimit *newp;
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pid_t pid;
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if (!(argc == 2 || argc == 4)) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <pid> [<new\-soft\-limit> "
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"<new\-hard\-limit>]\\n", argv[0]);
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exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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}
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pid = atoi(argv[1]); /* PID of target process */
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newp = NULL;
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if (argc == 4) {
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new.rlim_cur = atoi(argv[2]);
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new.rlim_max = atoi(argv[3]);
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newp = &new;
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}
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/* Set CPU time limit of target process; retrieve and display
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previous limit */
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if (prlimit(pid, RLIMIT_CPU, newp, &old) == \-1)
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errExit("prlimit\-1");
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printf("Previous limits: soft=%lld; hard=%lld\\n",
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(long long) old.rlim_cur, (long long) old.rlim_max);
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/* Retrieve and display new CPU time limit */
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if (prlimit(pid, RLIMIT_CPU, NULL, &old) == \-1)
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errExit("prlimit\-2");
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printf("New limits: soft=%lld; hard=%lld\\n",
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(long long) old.rlim_cur, (long long) old.rlim_max);
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exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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}
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.fi
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getent.1, intro.1, time.1, _exit.2, _syscall.2, accept.2, access.2, acct.2, adjtimex.2, alarm.2, alloc_hugepages.2, arch_prctl.2, bdflush.2, bind.2, brk.2, cacheflush.2, capget.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_getres.2, clock_nanosleep.2, clone.2, close.2, connect.2, create_module.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, epoll_create.2, epoll_ctl.2, epoll_wait.2, eventfd.2, execve.2, exit_group.2, faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, fork.2, fstatat.2, fsync.2, futex.2, futimesat.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getdents.2, getdomainname.2, getgid.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getitimer.2, getpagesize.2, getpeername.2, getpid.2, getpriority.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, getsid.2, getsockname.2, getsockopt.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, getuid.2, getunwind.2, getxattr.2, idle.2, init_module.2, inotify_add_watch.2, inotify_init.2, inotify_rm_watch.2, intro.2, io_cancel.2, io_destroy.2, io_getevents.2, io_setup.2, io_submit.2, ioctl.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, iopl.2, ioprio_set.2, ipc.2, kcmp.2, kill.2, killpg.2, link.2, linkat.2, listen.2, listxattr.2, llseek.2, lookup_dcookie.2, lseek.2, madvise.2, migrate_pages.2, mincore.2, mkdir.2, mkdirat.2, mknod.2, mknodat.2, mlock.2, mmap.2, mmap2.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, mq_getsetattr.2, mremap.2, msgctl.2, msgget.2, msgop.2, msync.2, nanosleep.2, nfsservctl.2, nice.2, open.2, openat.2, outb.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, perfmonctl.2, personality.2, pipe.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, prctl.2, pread.2, process_vm_readv.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, quotactl.2, read.2, readahead.2, readdir.2, readlink.2, readlinkat.2, readv.2, reboot.2, recv.2, remap_file_pages.2, removexattr.2, rename.2, renameat.2, rmdir.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setaffinity.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, semctl.2, semget.2, semop.2, send.2, sendfile.2, set_thread_area.2, set_tid_address.2, seteuid.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, setgid.2, setpgid.2, setresuid.2, setreuid.2, setsid.2, setuid.2, setup.2, setxattr.2, shmctl.2, shmget.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, socket.2, socketcall.2, socketpair.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, swapon.2, symlink.2, symlinkat.2, sync.2, sync_file_range.2, sysctl.2, sysfs.2, sysinfo.2, syslog.2, tee.2, time.2, timerfd_create.2, times.2, tkill.2, truncate.2, umask.2, umount.2, uname.2, unimplemented.2, unlink.2, unlinkat.2, uselib.2, ustat.2, utime.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, vm86.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, CPU_SET.3, INFINITY.3, MB_CUR_MAX.3, MB_LEN_MAX.3, __setfpucw.3, a64l.3, abort.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, addseverity.3, adjtime.3, aio_cancel.3, aio_error.3, aio_fsync.3, aio_read.3, aio_return.3, aio_suspend.3, aio_write.3, alloca.3, argz_add.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, assert.3, assert_perror.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atexit.3, atof.3, atoi.3, backtrace.3, basename.3, bcmp.3, bcopy.3, bindresvport.3, bsd_signal.3, bsearch.3, bstring.3, btowc.3, btree.3, byteorder.3, bzero.3, cabs.3, cacos.3, cacosh.3, canonicalize_file_name.3, carg.3, casin.3, casinh.3, catan.3, catanh.3, catgets.3, catopen.3, cbrt.3, ccos.3, ccosh.3, ceil.3, cerf.3, cexp.3, cexp2.3, cfree.3, cimag.3, clearenv.3, clock.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, clog.3, clog10.3, clog2.3, closedir.3, cmsg.3, confstr.3, conj.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, cpow.3, cproj.3, creal.3, crypt.3, csin.3, csinh.3, csqrt.3, ctan.3, ctanh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, daemon.3, dbopen.3, des_crypt.3, difftime.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, dprintf.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, encrypt.3, end.3, endian.3, envz_add.3, erf.3, erfc.3, err.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, euidaccess.3, exec.3, exit.3, exp.3, exp10.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fclose.3, fcloseall.3, fdim.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fexecve.3, fflush.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, fgetwc.3, fgetws.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmemopen.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, fmtmsg.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, fpurge.3, fputwc.3, fputws.3, fread.3, frexp.3, fseek.3, fseeko.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, fts.3, ftw.3, futimes.3, fwide.3, gamma.3, gcvt.3, getaddrinfo.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, getauxval.3, getcontext.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getenv.3, getfsent.3, getgrent.3, getgrent_r.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getipnodebyname.3, getline.3, getloadavg.3, getlogin.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getnetent_r.3, getopt.3, getpass.3, getprotoent.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpt.3, getpw.3, getpwent.3, getpwent_r.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent.3, getrpcent_r.3, getrpcport.3, gets.3, getservent.3, getservent_r.3, getspnam.3, getttyent.3, getumask.3, getusershell.3, getutent.3, getw.3, getwchar.3, glob.3, grantpt.3, gsignal.3, hash.3, hsearch.3, hypot.3, iconv.3, iconv_close.3, iconv_open.3, ilogb.3, index.3, inet.3, inet_ntop.3, inet_pton.3, infnan.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, intro.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, isgreater.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, j0.3, key_setsecret.3, ldexp.3, lgamma.3, lio_listio.3, localeconv.3, lockf.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, login.3, longjmp.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lsearch.3, lseek64.3, makecontext.3, makedev.3, malloc.3, malloc_hook.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbrtowc.3, mbsinit.3, mbsnrtowcs.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbstowcs.3, mbtowc.3, memccpy.3, memchr.3, memcmp.3, memcpy.3, memfrob.3, memmem.3, memmove.3, mempcpy.3, memset.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkfifoat.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mpool.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, mq_unlink.3, mtrace.3, nan.3, netlink.3, nextafter.3, nl_langinfo.3, offsetof.3, on_exit.3, opendir.3, openpty.3, perror.3, popen.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, pow.3, pow10.3, printf.3, profil.3, program_invocation_name.3, psignal.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, putpwent.3, puts.3, putwchar.3, qecvt.3, qsort.3, queue.3, raise.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, rcmd.3, re_comp.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, recno.3, regex.3, remainder.3, remove.3, remquo.3, resolver.3, rewinddir.3, rexec.3, rint.3, round.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, scandirat.3, scanf.3, seekdir.3, sem_close.3, sem_destroy.3, sem_getvalue.3, sem_init.3, sem_open.3, sem_post.3, sem_unlink.3, sem_wait.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, setlocale.3, setlogmask.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, siginterrupt.3, signbit.3, significand.3, sigpause.3, sigqueue.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sin.3, sincos.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stdarg.3, stdin.3, stdio.3, stdio_ext.3, stpcpy.3, stpncpy.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strfmon.3, strfry.3, strftime.3, string.3, strlen.3, strnlen.3, strpbrk.3, strptime.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtod.3, strtoimax.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strverscmp.3, strxfrm.3, swab.3, sysconf.3, syslog.3, system.3, sysv_signal.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tcgetpgrp.3, tcgetsid.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, termios.3, tgamma.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, toupper.3, towctrans.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, trunc.3, tsearch.3, ttyname.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, ulimit.3, ungetwc.3, unlocked_stdio.3, unlockpt.3, updwtmp.3, usleep.3, wcpcpy.3, wcpncpy.3, wcrtomb.3, wcscasecmp.3, wcscat.3, wcschr.3, wcscmp.3, wcscpy.3, wcscspn.3, wcsdup.3, wcslen.3, wcsncasecmp.3, wcsncat.3, wcsncmp.3, wcsncpy.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcspbrk.3, wcsrchr.3, wcsrtombs.3, wcsspn.3, wcsstr.3, wcstoimax.3, wcstok.3, wcstombs.3, wcswidth.3, wctob.3, wctomb.3, wctrans.3, wctype.3, wcwidth.3, wmemchr.3, wmemcmp.3, wmemcpy.3, wmemmove.3, wmemset.3, wordexp.3, wprintf.3, xcrypt.3, xdr.3, y0.3, cciss.4, console.4, console_codes.4, console_ioctl.4, dsp56k.4, fd.4, full.4, hd.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, intro.4, lp.4, mem.4, mouse.4, null.4, pts.4, ram.4, random.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, ttyS.4, tty_ioctl.4, vcs.4, wavelan.4, acct.5, charmap.5, dir_colors.5, filesystems.5, ftpusers.5, group.5, host.conf.5, hosts.5, hosts.equiv.5, intro.5, issue.5, locale.5, motd.5, networks.5, nologin.5, nscd.conf.5, passwd.5, proc.5, protocols.5, resolv.conf.5, rpc.5, securetty.5, services.5, shells.5, termcap.5, ttytype.5, utmp.5, armscii-8.7, arp.7, ascii.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, complex.7, cp1251.7, credentials.7, ddp.7, environ.7, epoll.7, fifo.7, futex.7, glob.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, intro.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-1.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-11.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-15.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-4.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-7.7, iso_8859-8.7, iso_8859-9.7, koi8-r.7, koi8-u.7, locale.7, mailaddr.7, man.7, mq_overview.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, pty.7, raw.7, regex.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, sigevent.7, signal.7, socket.7, standards.7, suffixes.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, termio.7, time.7, udp.7, udplite.7, unicode.7, unix.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, x25.7, nscd.8, sync.8, tzselect.8, zdump.8, zic.8: Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SH headings
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-02-24 18:01:36 +00:00
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.SH SEE ALSO
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2013-02-11 23:00:36 +00:00
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.BR prlimit (1),
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BR dup (2),
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.BR fcntl (2),
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.BR fork (2),
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2004-11-16 16:57:47 +00:00
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.BR getrusage (2),
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BR mlock (2),
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.BR mmap (2),
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.BR open (2),
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.BR quotactl (2),
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.BR sbrk (2),
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2004-12-01 15:19:22 +00:00
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.BR shmctl (2),
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BR malloc (3),
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getrlimit.2, kill.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, sigaction.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigprocmask.2, sigwaitinfo.2, psignal.3, pthread_sigqueue.3, credentials.7, signal.7: Change reference to "sigqueue(2)" to "sigqueue(3)"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2011-09-18 04:27:57 +00:00
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.BR sigqueue (3),
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BR ulimit (3),
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2006-03-31 07:10:17 +00:00
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.BR core (5),
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BR capabilities (7),
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.BR signal (7)
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