2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
'\" t
|
2013-03-10 09:28:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" This man page is Copyright (c) 1998 by Andi Kleen.
|
ldd.1, capget.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fallocate.2, futex.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getitimer.2, getpid.2, io_cancel.2, io_destroy.2, io_getevents.2, io_setup.2, io_submit.2, ioctl_list.2, mkdir.2, mknod.2, pciconfig_read.2, pivot_root.2, posix_fadvise.2, query_module.2, sendfile.2, set_thread_area.2, setns.2, unshare.2, __setfpucw.3, a64l.3, addseverity.3, argz_add.3, bindresvport.3, cabs.3, cacos.3, cacosh.3, canonicalize_file_name.3, carg.3, casin.3, casinh.3, catan.3, catanh.3, ccos.3, ccosh.3, cerf.3, cexp.3, cexp2.3, cimag.3, clog.3, clog10.3, clog2.3, cmsg.3, conj.3, cpow.3, cproj.3, creal.3, csin.3, csinh.3, csqrt.3, ctan.3, ctanh.3, des_crypt.3, envz_add.3, fdim.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmemopen.3, fmin.3, fmtmsg.3, fpclassify.3, gamma.3, getpt.3, getrpcent.3, getrpcport.3, getttyent.3, isgreater.3, key_setsecret.3, lgamma.3, malloc_hook.3, mempcpy.3, nan.3, netlink.3, nextafter.3, putgrent.3, remove.3, remquo.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, setaliasent.3, setnetgrent.3, signbit.3, significand.3, sincos.3, stdin.3, tgamma.3, xcrypt.3, xdr.3, cciss.4, hpsa.4, mouse.4, pts.4, sk98lin.4, tty_ioctl.4, wavelan.4, hosts.equiv.5, rpc.5, tzfile.5, boot.7, complex.7, ddp.7, fifo.7, futex.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, packet.7, raw.7, rtnetlink.7, socket.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unix.7, x25.7, sync.8: Global fix: Put copyright info at top of page, followed by blank line and LICENSE
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-10 09:29:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.\"
|
2013-03-10 09:28:50 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPL_NOVERSION_ONELINE)
|
2013-03-10 09:28:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Subject to the GPL.
|
2013-03-10 09:28:50 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" %%%LICENSE_END
|
networks.5, arp.7, cp1251.7, ddp.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-15.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-4.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-7.7, iso_8859-9.7, koi8-r.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, packet.7, raw.7, rtnetlink.7, udp.7, x25.7, ld.so.8, sln.8, sync.8: srcfix
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-12 11:28:50 +00:00
|
|
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.\"
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" Based on the original comments from Alexey Kuznetsov
|
|
|
|
.\" Modified 2005-12-27 by Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
|
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|
|
.\" $Id: netlink.7,v 1.8 2000/06/22 13:23:00 ak Exp $
|
2013-03-14 09:40:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TH NETLINK 7 2013-03-15 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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.SH NAME
|
intro.1, add_key.2, get_mempolicy.2, get_thread_area.2, intro.2, keyctl.2, mbind.2, request_key.2, set_thread_area.2, clock.3, cmsg.3, getcwd.3, getpw.3, intro.3, malloc.3, posix_memalign.3, shm_open.3, sleep.3, sysconf.3, intro.4, sd.4, intro.5, locale.5, slabinfo.5, intro.6, boot.7, bootparam.7, futex.7, glob.7, hier.7, intro.7, libc.7, locale.7, mq_overview.7, netlink.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, unix.7, intro.8: Global fix: Use consistent capitalization in NAME section
The line(s) in the NAME section should only use capitals
where English usage dictates that. Otherwise, use
lowercase throughout.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:29:13 +00:00
|
|
|
netlink \- communication between kernel and user space (AF_NETLINK)
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.B #include <asm/types.h>
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.B #include <sys/socket.h>
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.B #include <linux/netlink.h>
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2008-08-08 16:47:53 +00:00
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.BI "netlink_socket = socket(AF_NETLINK, " socket_type ", " netlink_family );
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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.fi
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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Netlink is used to transfer information between kernel and
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
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|
user-space processes.
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It consists of a standard sockets-based interface for user space
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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processes and an internal kernel API for kernel modules.
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The internal kernel interface is not documented in this manual page.
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There is also an obsolete netlink interface
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via netlink character devices; this interface is not documented here
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
and is provided only for backward compatibility.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netlink is a datagram-oriented service.
|
|
|
|
Both
|
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|
.B SOCK_RAW
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.B SOCK_DGRAM
|
|
|
|
are valid values for
|
|
|
|
.IR socket_type .
|
|
|
|
However, the netlink protocol does not distinguish between datagram
|
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|
and raw sockets.
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
.I netlink_family
|
|
|
|
selects the kernel module or netlink group to communicate with.
|
|
|
|
The currently assigned netlink families are:
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_ROUTE
|
|
|
|
Receives routing and link updates and may be used to modify the routing
|
|
|
|
tables (both IPv4 and IPv6), IP addresses, link parameters,
|
|
|
|
neighbor setups, queueing disciplines, traffic classes and
|
|
|
|
packet classifiers (see
|
|
|
|
.BR rtnetlink (7)).
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_W1
|
|
|
|
Messages from 1-wire subsystem.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_USERSOCK
|
|
|
|
Reserved for user-mode socket protocols.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_FIREWALL
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Transport IPv4 packets from netfilter to user space.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Used by
|
|
|
|
.I ip_queue
|
|
|
|
kernel module.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_INET_DIAG
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_INET_DIAG needed.
|
|
|
|
INET socket monitoring.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_NFLOG
|
|
|
|
Netfilter/iptables ULOG.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_XFRM
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_XFRM needed.
|
|
|
|
IPsec.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_SELINUX
|
|
|
|
SELinux event notifications.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_ISCSI
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_ISCSI needed.
|
|
|
|
Open-iSCSI.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_AUDIT
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_AUDIT needed.
|
|
|
|
Auditing.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_FIB_LOOKUP
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_FIB_LOOKUP needed.
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Access to FIB lookup from user space.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_CONNECTOR
|
|
|
|
Kernel connector.
|
|
|
|
See
|
|
|
|
.I Documentation/connector/*
|
bdflush.2, get_robust_list.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mmap.2, mount.2, prctl.2, query_module.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, shmget.2, sigaction.2, syscalls.2, umount.2, malloc.3, hpsa.4, initrd.4, proc.5, bootparam.7, icmp.7, netlink.7, signal.7: Global fix: use "Linux kernel source" consistently
Rather than "kernel source".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:02:34 +00:00
|
|
|
in the Linux kernel source tree for further information.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_NETFILTER
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_NETFILTER needed.
|
|
|
|
Netfilter subsystem.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_IP6_FW
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Transport IPv6 packets from netfilter to user space.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Used by
|
|
|
|
.I ip6_queue
|
|
|
|
kernel module.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_DNRTMSG
|
|
|
|
DECnet routing messages.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME More details on NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT needed.
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
Kernel messages to user space.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
|
|
.B NETLINK_GENERIC
|
|
|
|
Generic netlink family for simplified netlink usage.
|
|
|
|
.PP
|
|
|
|
Netlink messages consist of a byte stream with one or multiple
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsghdr
|
|
|
|
headers and associated payload.
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
The byte stream should be accessed only with the standard
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_*
|
|
|
|
macros.
|
|
|
|
See
|
|
|
|
.BR netlink (3)
|
|
|
|
for further information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In multipart messages (multiple
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsghdr
|
|
|
|
headers with associated payload in one byte stream) the first and all
|
|
|
|
following headers have the
|
|
|
|
.B NLM_F_MULTI
|
|
|
|
flag set, except for the last header which has the type
|
|
|
|
.BR NLMSG_DONE .
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After each
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsghdr
|
|
|
|
the payload follows.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.in +4n
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
struct nlmsghdr {
|
|
|
|
__u32 nlmsg_len; /* Length of message including header. */
|
|
|
|
__u16 nlmsg_type; /* Type of message content. */
|
|
|
|
__u16 nlmsg_flags; /* Additional flags. */
|
|
|
|
__u32 nlmsg_seq; /* Sequence number. */
|
2012-07-28 16:05:15 +00:00
|
|
|
__u32 nlmsg_pid; /* Sender port ID. */
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_type
|
|
|
|
can be one of the standard message types:
|
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_NOOP
|
|
|
|
message is to be ignored,
|
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_ERROR
|
|
|
|
message signals an error and the payload contains an
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsgerr
|
|
|
|
structure,
|
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_DONE
|
|
|
|
message terminates a multipart message.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.in +4n
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
struct nlmsgerr {
|
|
|
|
int error; /* Negative errno or 0 for acknowledgements */
|
|
|
|
struct nlmsghdr msg; /* Message header that caused the error */
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A netlink family usually specifies more message types, see the
|
|
|
|
appropriate manual pages for that, for example,
|
|
|
|
.BR rtnetlink (7)
|
|
|
|
for
|
|
|
|
.BR NETLINK_ROUTE .
|
|
|
|
.TS
|
|
|
|
tab(:);
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
l s
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
lB l.
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
Standard flag bits in \fInlmsg_flags\fP
|
|
|
|
_
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
NLM_F_REQUEST:Must be set on all request messages.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_MULTI:T{
|
|
|
|
The message is part of a multipart message terminated by
|
|
|
|
.BR NLMSG_DONE .
|
|
|
|
T}
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_ACK:Request for an acknowledgment on success.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_ECHO:Echo this request.
|
|
|
|
.TE
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.sp 1
|
2013-02-24 14:18:33 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" No right adjustment for text blocks in tables
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TS
|
|
|
|
tab(:);
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
l s
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
lB l.
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
Additional flag bits for GET requests
|
|
|
|
_
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
NLM_F_ROOT:Return the complete table instead of a single entry.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_MATCH:T{
|
|
|
|
Return all entries matching criteria passed in message content.
|
|
|
|
Not implemented yet.
|
|
|
|
T}
|
adjtimex.2, bind.2, cacheflush.2, clone.2, fallocate.2, fanotify_init.2, fanotify_mark.2, flock.2, futex.2, getdents.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, migrate_pages.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, msgop.2, nfsservctl.2, perf_event_open.2, pread.2, ptrace.2, recvmmsg.2, rename.2, restart_syscall.2, sched_setattr.2, send.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, signalfd.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, timerfd_create.2, tkill.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, aio_init.3, confstr.3, exit.3, fmemopen.3, fopen.3, getaddrinfo.3, getauxval.3, getspnam.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, mallinfo.3, malloc.3, mallopt.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, qecvt.3, queue.3, rtnetlink.3, strerror.3, strftime.3, toupper.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, initrd.4, locale.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, ddp.7, fanotify.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, path_resolution.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sched.7, signal.7, socket.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, unix.7, ld.so.8: srcfix: Update FIXMEs
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2014-08-21 21:47:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.\" FIXME NLM_F_ATOMIC is not used anymore?
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
NLM_F_ATOMIC:Return an atomic snapshot of the table.
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
NLM_F_DUMP:T{
|
2014-03-20 12:55:36 +00:00
|
|
|
Convenience macro; equivalent to
|
|
|
|
.br
|
|
|
|
(NLM_F_ROOT|NLM_F_MATCH).
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
T}
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.TE
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.sp 1
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Note that
|
|
|
|
.B NLM_F_ATOMIC
|
|
|
|
requires the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
|
|
|
|
capability or an effective UID of 0.
|
|
|
|
.TS
|
|
|
|
tab(:);
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
l s
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
lB l.
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
Additional flag bits for NEW requests
|
|
|
|
_
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
NLM_F_REPLACE:Replace existing matching object.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_EXCL:Don't replace if the object already exists.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_CREATE:Create object if it doesn't already exist.
|
|
|
|
NLM_F_APPEND:Add to the end of the object list.
|
|
|
|
.TE
|
2012-06-07 14:08:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.sp 1
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_seq
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_pid
|
|
|
|
are used to track messages.
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_pid
|
|
|
|
shows the origin of the message.
|
|
|
|
Note that there isn't a 1:1 relationship between
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_pid
|
|
|
|
and the PID of the process if the message originated from a netlink
|
|
|
|
socket.
|
|
|
|
See the
|
|
|
|
.B ADDRESS FORMATS
|
|
|
|
section for further information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Both
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_seq
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.I nlmsg_pid
|
|
|
|
.\" FIXME Explain more about nlmsg_seq and nlmsg_pid.
|
|
|
|
are opaque to netlink core.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netlink is not a reliable protocol.
|
|
|
|
It tries its best to deliver a message to its destination(s),
|
|
|
|
but may drop messages when an out-of-memory condition or
|
|
|
|
other error occurs.
|
|
|
|
For reliable transfer the sender can request an
|
|
|
|
acknowledgement from the receiver by setting the
|
|
|
|
.B NLM_F_ACK
|
|
|
|
flag.
|
|
|
|
An acknowledgment is an
|
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_ERROR
|
|
|
|
packet with the error field set to 0.
|
|
|
|
The application must generate acknowledgements for
|
|
|
|
received messages itself.
|
|
|
|
The kernel tries to send an
|
|
|
|
.B NLMSG_ERROR
|
|
|
|
message for every failed packet.
|
|
|
|
A user process should follow this convention too.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
However, reliable transmissions from kernel to user are impossible
|
|
|
|
in any case.
|
|
|
|
The kernel can't send a netlink message if the socket buffer is full:
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
the message will be dropped and the kernel and the user-space process will
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
no longer have the same view of kernel state.
|
|
|
|
It is up to the application to detect when this happens (via the
|
|
|
|
.B ENOBUFS
|
|
|
|
error returned by
|
|
|
|
.BR recvmsg (2))
|
|
|
|
and resynchronize.
|
intro.1, time.1, _syscall.2, accept.2, brk.2, capget.2, faccessat.2, futimesat.2, gethostname.2, intro.2, ioprio_set.2, kill.2, madvise.2, mlock.2, mount.2, msgget.2, perf_event_open.2, poll.2, readv.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select.2, select_tut.2, shmget.2, stat.2, timer_create.2, ustat.2, vfork.2, wait.2, alloca.3, atexit.3, catopen.3, crypt.3, dbopen.3, fenv.3, fopen.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, gethostbyname.3, getutent.3, intro.3, login.3, mallopt.3, queue.3, regex.3, sigpause.3, sigsetops.3, stdio.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, sysconf.3, ttyslot.3, undocumented.3, cciss.4, console_codes.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, intro.4, rtc.4, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, wavelan.4, acct.5, charmap.5, dir_colors.5, hosts.5, intro.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, intro.6, armscii-8.7, boot.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, cpuset.7, credentials.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, glob.7, intro.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-1.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-11.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-15.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-4.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-7.7, iso_8859-8.7, iso_8859-9.7, koi8-r.7, koi8-u.7, man-pages.7, man.7, math_error.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtnetlink.7, signal.7, socket.7, spufs.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, time.7, udp.7, udplite.7, unicode.7, unix.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, x25.7, intro.8: Global fix: use consistent capitalization in .SS headings
Capitalization in .SS sections across pages (and sometimes even
within a single page) is wildly inconsistent. Make it consistent.
Capitalize first word in heading, but otherwise use lower case,
except where English usage (e.g., proper nouns) or programming
language requirements (e.g., identifier names) dictate otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-02-24 14:08:38 +00:00
|
|
|
.SS Address formats
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.I sockaddr_nl
|
|
|
|
structure describes a netlink client in user space or in the kernel.
|
|
|
|
A
|
|
|
|
.I sockaddr_nl
|
|
|
|
can be either unicast (only sent to one peer) or sent to
|
|
|
|
netlink multicast groups
|
|
|
|
.RI ( nl_groups
|
|
|
|
not equal 0).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.in +4n
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
struct sockaddr_nl {
|
|
|
|
sa_family_t nl_family; /* AF_NETLINK */
|
|
|
|
unsigned short nl_pad; /* Zero. */
|
2012-07-28 16:05:15 +00:00
|
|
|
pid_t nl_pid; /* Port ID. */
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
__u32 nl_groups; /* Multicast groups mask. */
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
is the unicast address of netlink socket.
|
|
|
|
It's always 0 if the destination is in the kernel.
|
eventfd.2, futex.2, mmap2.2, open.2, pciconfig_read.2, ptrace.2, reboot.2, request_key.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, splice.2, stat.2, sync_file_range.2, syscalls.2, timer_create.2, vm86.2, pthread_attr_setscope.3, core.5, proc.5, aio.7, futex.7, netlink.7, time.7: Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
attributively, "user-space".
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-10-21 06:04:42 +00:00
|
|
|
For a user-space process,
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
is usually the PID of the process owning the destination socket.
|
|
|
|
However,
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
identifies a netlink socket, not a process.
|
|
|
|
If a process owns several netlink
|
|
|
|
sockets, then
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
intro.1, _syscall.2, access.2, arch_prctl.2, cacheflush.2, chown.2, clock_getres.2, clone.2, create_module.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getpriority.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, ioprio_set.2, kexec_load.2, madvise.2, mbind.2, migrate_pages.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, open.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, read.2, reboot.2, recv.2, s390_runtime_instr.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, send.2, set_mempolicy.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, sigaction.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, stime.2, swapon.2, syslog.2, timer_create.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, tkill.2, umount.2, unimplemented.2, ustat.2, vm86.2, wait.2, abs.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, bsd_signal.3, catgets.3, clearenv.3, cmsg.3, dbopen.3, dirfd.3, dlopen.3, exec.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fmemopen.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, futimes.3, getaddrinfo.3, getifaddrs.3, getipnodebyname.3, hsearch.3, if_nameindex.3, inet_pton.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbtowc.3, mcheck.3, memfrob.3, mq_notify.3, netlink.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, raise.3, resolver.3, rpc.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setbuf.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, sigpause.3, sigset.3, sigwait.3, sockatmark.3, strcasecmp.3, strcmp.3, strdup.3, strftime.3, strptime.3, strsignal.3, strverscmp.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, wcrtomb.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcsrtombs.3, wctomb.3, wprintf.3, console_codes.4, cpuid.4, msr.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, charmap.5, core.5, elf.5, hosts.equiv.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, services.5, slabinfo.5, arp.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, cpuset.7, ddp.7, epoll.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, man-pages.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, sigevent.7, socket.7, spufs.7, tcp.7, udp.7, unicode.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, intro.8, ldconfig.8, sync.8: Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-03-31 08:53:00 +00:00
|
|
|
can be equal to the process ID only for at most one socket.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
There are two ways to assign
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
to a netlink socket.
|
|
|
|
If the application sets
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
before calling
|
|
|
|
.BR bind (2),
|
|
|
|
then it is up to the application to make sure that
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
is unique.
|
|
|
|
If the application sets it to 0, the kernel takes care of assigning it.
|
|
|
|
The kernel assigns the process ID to the first netlink socket the process
|
|
|
|
opens and assigns a unique
|
|
|
|
.I nl_pid
|
|
|
|
to every netlink socket that the process subsequently creates.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.I nl_groups
|
|
|
|
is a bit mask with every bit representing a netlink group number.
|
|
|
|
Each netlink family has a set of 32 multicast groups.
|
|
|
|
When
|
|
|
|
.BR bind (2)
|
|
|
|
is called on the socket, the
|
|
|
|
.I nl_groups
|
|
|
|
field in the
|
|
|
|
.I sockaddr_nl
|
|
|
|
should be set to a bit mask of the groups which it wishes to listen to.
|
|
|
|
The default value for this field is zero which means that no multicasts
|
|
|
|
will be received.
|
|
|
|
A socket may multicast messages to any of the multicast groups by setting
|
|
|
|
.I nl_groups
|
|
|
|
to a bit mask of the groups it wishes to send to when it calls
|
|
|
|
.BR sendmsg (2)
|
|
|
|
or does a
|
|
|
|
.BR connect (2).
|
|
|
|
Only processes with an effective UID of 0 or the
|
|
|
|
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
|
|
|
|
capability may send or listen to a netlink multicast group.
|
2013-03-14 09:40:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Since Linux 2.6.13,
|
|
|
|
.\" commit d629b836d151d43332492651dd841d32e57ebe3b
|
|
|
|
messages can't be broadcast to multiple groups.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
Any replies to a message received for a multicast group should be
|
|
|
|
sent back to the sending PID and the multicast group.
|
2012-04-14 01:32:33 +00:00
|
|
|
Some Linux kernel subsystems may additionally allow other users
|
|
|
|
to send and/or receive messages.
|
2012-04-16 07:36:48 +00:00
|
|
|
As at Linux 3.0, the
|
|
|
|
.BR NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT ,
|
2012-04-14 01:32:33 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR NETLINK_GENERIC ,
|
2012-04-16 07:36:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR NETLINK_ROUTE ,
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.BR NETLINK_SELINUX
|
2012-04-14 01:32:33 +00:00
|
|
|
groups allow other users to receive messages.
|
|
|
|
No groups allow other users to send messages.
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
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.SH VERSIONS
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The socket interface to netlink is a new feature of Linux 2.2.
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2010-10-15 05:48:02 +00:00
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Linux 2.0 supported a more primitive device-based netlink interface
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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(which is still available as a compatibility option).
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This obsolete interface is not described here.
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NETLINK_SELINUX appeared in Linux 2.6.4.
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NETLINK_AUDIT appeared in Linux 2.6.6.
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NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT appeared in Linux 2.6.10.
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NETLINK_W1 and NETLINK_FIB_LOOKUP appeared in Linux 2.6.13.
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NETLINK_INET_DIAG, NETLINK_CONNECTOR and NETLINK_NETFILTER appeared in
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Linux 2.6.14.
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NETLINK_GENERIC and NETLINK_ISCSI appeared in Linux 2.6.15.
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.SH NOTES
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It is often better to use netlink via
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.I libnetlink
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or
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.I libnl
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than via the low-level kernel interface.
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.SH BUGS
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This manual page is not complete.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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The following example creates a
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.B NETLINK_ROUTE
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netlink socket which will listen to the
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.B RTMGRP_LINK
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(network interface create/delete/up/down events) and
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.B RTMGRP_IPV4_IFADDR
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(IPv4 addresses add/delete events) multicast groups.
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.in +4n
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.nf
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struct sockaddr_nl sa;
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memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
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2008-11-11 19:47:19 +00:00
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sa.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
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sa.nl_groups = RTMGRP_LINK | RTMGRP_IPV4_IFADDR;
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE);
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2008-11-11 19:46:43 +00:00
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bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, sizeof(sa));
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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.fi
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.in
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The next example demonstrates how to send a netlink message to the
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kernel (pid 0).
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2014-03-20 12:52:38 +00:00
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Note that the application must take care of message sequence numbers
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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in order to reliably track acknowledgements.
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.in +4n
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.nf
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struct nlmsghdr *nh; /* The nlmsghdr with payload to send. */
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struct sockaddr_nl sa;
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2012-08-03 06:10:17 +00:00
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struct iovec iov = { nh, nh\->nlmsg_len };
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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struct msghdr msg;
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2012-08-03 06:10:17 +00:00
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msg = { &sa, sizeof(sa), &iov, 1, NULL, 0, 0 };
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
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sa.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
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nh\->nlmsg_pid = 0;
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nh\->nlmsg_seq = ++sequence_number;
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/* Request an ack from kernel by setting NLM_F_ACK. */
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nh\->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_ACK;
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sendmsg(fd, &msg, 0);
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.fi
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.in
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And the last example is about reading netlink message.
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.in +4n
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.nf
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int len;
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char buf[4096];
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struct iovec iov = { buf, sizeof(buf) };
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struct sockaddr_nl sa;
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struct msghdr msg;
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struct nlmsghdr *nh;
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2012-08-03 06:10:17 +00:00
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msg = { &sa, sizeof(sa), &iov, 1, NULL, 0, 0 };
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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len = recvmsg(fd, &msg, 0);
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for (nh = (struct nlmsghdr *) buf; NLMSG_OK (nh, len);
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nh = NLMSG_NEXT (nh, len)) {
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/* The end of multipart message. */
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if (nh\->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
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return;
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if (nh\->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR)
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/* Do some error handling. */
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...
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/* Continue with parsing payload. */
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...
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}
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.fi
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.in
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getent.1, intro.1, time.1, _exit.2, _syscall.2, accept.2, access.2, acct.2, adjtimex.2, alarm.2, alloc_hugepages.2, arch_prctl.2, bdflush.2, bind.2, brk.2, cacheflush.2, capget.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_getres.2, clock_nanosleep.2, clone.2, close.2, connect.2, create_module.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, epoll_create.2, epoll_ctl.2, epoll_wait.2, eventfd.2, execve.2, exit_group.2, faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, fork.2, fstatat.2, fsync.2, futex.2, futimesat.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getdents.2, getdomainname.2, getgid.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getitimer.2, getpagesize.2, getpeername.2, getpid.2, getpriority.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, getsid.2, getsockname.2, getsockopt.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, getuid.2, getunwind.2, getxattr.2, idle.2, init_module.2, inotify_add_watch.2, inotify_init.2, inotify_rm_watch.2, intro.2, io_cancel.2, io_destroy.2, io_getevents.2, io_setup.2, io_submit.2, ioctl.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, iopl.2, ioprio_set.2, ipc.2, kcmp.2, kill.2, killpg.2, link.2, linkat.2, listen.2, listxattr.2, llseek.2, lookup_dcookie.2, lseek.2, madvise.2, migrate_pages.2, mincore.2, mkdir.2, mkdirat.2, mknod.2, mknodat.2, mlock.2, mmap.2, mmap2.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, mq_getsetattr.2, mremap.2, msgctl.2, msgget.2, msgop.2, msync.2, nanosleep.2, nfsservctl.2, nice.2, open.2, openat.2, outb.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, perfmonctl.2, personality.2, pipe.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, prctl.2, pread.2, process_vm_readv.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, quotactl.2, read.2, readahead.2, readdir.2, readlink.2, readlinkat.2, readv.2, reboot.2, recv.2, remap_file_pages.2, removexattr.2, rename.2, renameat.2, rmdir.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setaffinity.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, semctl.2, semget.2, semop.2, send.2, sendfile.2, set_thread_area.2, set_tid_address.2, seteuid.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, setgid.2, setpgid.2, setresuid.2, setreuid.2, setsid.2, setuid.2, setup.2, setxattr.2, shmctl.2, shmget.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, socket.2, socketcall.2, socketpair.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, swapon.2, symlink.2, symlinkat.2, sync.2, sync_file_range.2, sysctl.2, sysfs.2, sysinfo.2, syslog.2, tee.2, time.2, timerfd_create.2, times.2, tkill.2, truncate.2, umask.2, umount.2, uname.2, unimplemented.2, unlink.2, unlinkat.2, uselib.2, ustat.2, utime.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, vm86.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, CPU_SET.3, INFINITY.3, MB_CUR_MAX.3, MB_LEN_MAX.3, __setfpucw.3, a64l.3, abort.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, addseverity.3, adjtime.3, aio_cancel.3, aio_error.3, aio_fsync.3, aio_read.3, aio_return.3, aio_suspend.3, aio_write.3, alloca.3, argz_add.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, assert.3, assert_perror.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atexit.3, atof.3, atoi.3, backtrace.3, basename.3, bcmp.3, bcopy.3, bindresvport.3, bsd_signal.3, bsearch.3, bstring.3, btowc.3, btree.3, byteorder.3, bzero.3, cabs.3, cacos.3, cacosh.3, canonicalize_file_name.3, carg.3, casin.3, casinh.3, catan.3, catanh.3, catgets.3, catopen.3, cbrt.3, ccos.3, ccosh.3, ceil.3, cerf.3, cexp.3, cexp2.3, cfree.3, cimag.3, clearenv.3, clock.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, clog.3, clog10.3, clog2.3, closedir.3, cmsg.3, confstr.3, conj.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, cpow.3, cproj.3, creal.3, crypt.3, csin.3, csinh.3, csqrt.3, ctan.3, ctanh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, daemon.3, dbopen.3, des_crypt.3, difftime.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, dprintf.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, encrypt.3, end.3, endian.3, envz_add.3, erf.3, erfc.3, err.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, euidaccess.3, exec.3, exit.3, exp.3, exp10.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fclose.3, fcloseall.3, fdim.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fexecve.3, fflush.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, fgetwc.3, fgetws.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmemopen.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, fmtmsg.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, fpurge.3, fputwc.3, fputws.3, fread.3, frexp.3, fseek.3, fseeko.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, fts.3, ftw.3, futimes.3, fwide.3, gamma.3, gcvt.3, getaddrinfo.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, getauxval.3, getcontext.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getenv.3, getfsent.3, getgrent.3, getgrent_r.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getipnodebyname.3, getline.3, getloadavg.3, getlogin.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getnetent_r.3, getopt.3, getpass.3, getprotoent.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpt.3, getpw.3, getpwent.3, getpwent_r.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent.3, getrpcent_r.3, getrpcport.3, gets.3, getservent.3, getservent_r.3, getspnam.3, getttyent.3, getumask.3, getusershell.3, getutent.3, getw.3, getwchar.3, glob.3, grantpt.3, gsignal.3, hash.3, hsearch.3, hypot.3, iconv.3, iconv_close.3, iconv_open.3, ilogb.3, index.3, inet.3, inet_ntop.3, inet_pton.3, infnan.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, intro.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, isgreater.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, j0.3, key_setsecret.3, ldexp.3, lgamma.3, lio_listio.3, localeconv.3, lockf.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, login.3, longjmp.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lsearch.3, lseek64.3, makecontext.3, makedev.3, malloc.3, malloc_hook.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbrtowc.3, mbsinit.3, mbsnrtowcs.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbstowcs.3, mbtowc.3, memccpy.3, memchr.3, memcmp.3, memcpy.3, memfrob.3, memmem.3, memmove.3, mempcpy.3, memset.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkfifoat.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mpool.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, mq_unlink.3, mtrace.3, nan.3, netlink.3, nextafter.3, nl_langinfo.3, offsetof.3, on_exit.3, opendir.3, openpty.3, perror.3, popen.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, pow.3, pow10.3, printf.3, profil.3, program_invocation_name.3, psignal.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, putpwent.3, puts.3, putwchar.3, qecvt.3, qsort.3, queue.3, raise.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, rcmd.3, re_comp.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, recno.3, regex.3, remainder.3, remove.3, remquo.3, resolver.3, rewinddir.3, rexec.3, rint.3, round.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, scandirat.3, scanf.3, seekdir.3, sem_close.3, sem_destroy.3, sem_getvalue.3, sem_init.3, sem_open.3, sem_post.3, sem_unlink.3, sem_wait.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, setlocale.3, setlogmask.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, siginterrupt.3, signbit.3, significand.3, sigpause.3, sigqueue.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sin.3, sincos.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stdarg.3, stdin.3, stdio.3, stdio_ext.3, stpcpy.3, stpncpy.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strfmon.3, strfry.3, strftime.3, string.3, strlen.3, strnlen.3, strpbrk.3, strptime.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtod.3, strtoimax.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strverscmp.3, strxfrm.3, swab.3, sysconf.3, syslog.3, system.3, sysv_signal.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tcgetpgrp.3, tcgetsid.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, termios.3, tgamma.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, toupper.3, towctrans.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, trunc.3, tsearch.3, ttyname.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, ulimit.3, ungetwc.3, unlocked_stdio.3, unlockpt.3, updwtmp.3, usleep.3, wcpcpy.3, wcpncpy.3, wcrtomb.3, wcscasecmp.3, wcscat.3, wcschr.3, wcscmp.3, wcscpy.3, wcscspn.3, wcsdup.3, wcslen.3, wcsncasecmp.3, wcsncat.3, wcsncmp.3, wcsncpy.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcspbrk.3, wcsrchr.3, wcsrtombs.3, wcsspn.3, wcsstr.3, wcstoimax.3, wcstok.3, wcstombs.3, wcswidth.3, wctob.3, wctomb.3, wctrans.3, wctype.3, wcwidth.3, wmemchr.3, wmemcmp.3, wmemcpy.3, wmemmove.3, wmemset.3, wordexp.3, wprintf.3, xcrypt.3, xdr.3, y0.3, cciss.4, console.4, console_codes.4, console_ioctl.4, dsp56k.4, fd.4, full.4, hd.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, intro.4, lp.4, mem.4, mouse.4, null.4, pts.4, ram.4, random.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, ttyS.4, tty_ioctl.4, vcs.4, wavelan.4, acct.5, charmap.5, dir_colors.5, filesystems.5, ftpusers.5, group.5, host.conf.5, hosts.5, hosts.equiv.5, intro.5, issue.5, locale.5, motd.5, networks.5, nologin.5, nscd.conf.5, passwd.5, proc.5, protocols.5, resolv.conf.5, rpc.5, securetty.5, services.5, shells.5, termcap.5, ttytype.5, utmp.5, armscii-8.7, arp.7, ascii.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, complex.7, cp1251.7, credentials.7, ddp.7, environ.7, epoll.7, fifo.7, futex.7, glob.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, intro.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-1.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-11.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-15.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-4.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-7.7, iso_8859-8.7, iso_8859-9.7, koi8-r.7, koi8-u.7, locale.7, mailaddr.7, man.7, mq_overview.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, pty.7, raw.7, regex.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, sigevent.7, signal.7, socket.7, standards.7, suffixes.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, termio.7, time.7, udp.7, udplite.7, unicode.7, unix.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, x25.7, nscd.8, sync.8, tzselect.8, zdump.8, zic.8: Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SH headings
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2013-02-24 18:01:36 +00:00
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.SH SEE ALSO
|
2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
|
|
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.BR cmsg (3),
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.BR netlink (3),
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.BR capabilities (7),
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.BR rtnetlink (7)
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arch_prctl.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_robust_list.2, getpriority.2, ioprio_set.2, migrate_pages.2, mmap.2, mremap.2, msync.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, socket.2, subpage_prot.2, unshare.2, btree.3, dbopen.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, getnameinfo.3, hash.3, lockf.3, netlink.3, recno.3, rpc.3, xdr.3, cciss.4, console_ioctl.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, msr.4, rtc.4, st.4, hosts.5, services.5, tzfile.5, aio.7, arp.7, capabilities.7, cpuset.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, koi8-r.7, math_error.7, netlink.7, packet.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, spufs.7, udplite.7, uri.7, x25.7: Global fix: Various consistency fixes for SEE ALSO
Coauthored-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 07:53:22 +00:00
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capget.2, futex.2, sched_setscheduler.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, vfork.2, getnameinfo.3, netlink.3, cciss.4, console_codes.4, dsp56k.4, hpsa.4, sk98lin.4, filesystems.5, protocols.5, aio.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, koi8-r.7, libc.7, man.7, netlink.7, numa.7, standards.7, unicode.7, units.7, uri.7, x25.7: Global fix: use UR macro where applicable
The syntax .UR http://example.com paired with .UE will create
links which one can interact, if the pager allows that. One
way to see the effect is ask the man(1) command to use browser
display, e.g.:
man -H man7/uri.7
("\:" is optional groff syntax to permit hyphenless line breaks.)
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-08-13 08:02:36 +00:00
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.UR ftp://ftp.inr.ac.ru\:/ip-routing\:/iproute2*
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information about libnetlink
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.UE
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arch_prctl.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_robust_list.2, getpriority.2, ioprio_set.2, migrate_pages.2, mmap.2, mremap.2, msync.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, socket.2, subpage_prot.2, unshare.2, btree.3, dbopen.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, getnameinfo.3, hash.3, lockf.3, netlink.3, recno.3, rpc.3, xdr.3, cciss.4, console_ioctl.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, msr.4, rtc.4, st.4, hosts.5, services.5, tzfile.5, aio.7, arp.7, capabilities.7, cpuset.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, koi8-r.7, math_error.7, netlink.7, packet.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, spufs.7, udplite.7, uri.7, x25.7: Global fix: Various consistency fixes for SEE ALSO
Coauthored-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 07:53:22 +00:00
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capget.2, futex.2, sched_setscheduler.2, spu_create.2, spu_run.2, vfork.2, getnameinfo.3, netlink.3, cciss.4, console_codes.4, dsp56k.4, hpsa.4, sk98lin.4, filesystems.5, protocols.5, aio.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, hier.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, koi8-r.7, libc.7, man.7, netlink.7, numa.7, standards.7, unicode.7, units.7, uri.7, x25.7: Global fix: use UR macro where applicable
The syntax .UR http://example.com paired with .UE will create
links which one can interact, if the pager allows that. One
way to see the effect is ask the man(1) command to use browser
display, e.g.:
man -H man7/uri.7
("\:" is optional groff syntax to permit hyphenless line breaks.)
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-08-13 08:02:36 +00:00
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.UR http://people.suug.ch\:/~tgr\:/libnl/
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information about libnl
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.UE
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arch_prctl.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, get_robust_list.2, getpriority.2, ioprio_set.2, migrate_pages.2, mmap.2, mremap.2, msync.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, socket.2, subpage_prot.2, unshare.2, btree.3, dbopen.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, getnameinfo.3, hash.3, lockf.3, netlink.3, recno.3, rpc.3, xdr.3, cciss.4, console_ioctl.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, msr.4, rtc.4, st.4, hosts.5, services.5, tzfile.5, aio.7, arp.7, capabilities.7, cpuset.7, feature_test_macros.7, futex.7, inotify.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, koi8-r.7, math_error.7, netlink.7, packet.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, spufs.7, udplite.7, uri.7, x25.7: Global fix: Various consistency fixes for SEE ALSO
Coauthored-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 07:53:22 +00:00
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2008-08-08 16:41:48 +00:00
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RFC 3549 "Linux Netlink as an IP Services Protocol"
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