2008-07-08 14:32:54 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1993 by Thomas Koenig (ig25@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de)
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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.\" preserved on all copies.
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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.\" permission notice identical to this one.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
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.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
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.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
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.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
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.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
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.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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.\" professionally.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
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.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
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.\" License.
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.\"
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.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 19:10:00 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
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.\" Modified Sun Aug 21 17:51:50 1994 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
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.\" Modified Sat Sep 2 21:52:01 1995 by Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
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.\" Modified Mon May 27 22:55:26 1996 by Martin Schulze (joey@linux.de)
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.\"
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_exit.2, brk.2, capget.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, getdtablesize.2, gethostname.2, getpagesize.2, getsid.2, killpg.2, mknod.2, mknodat.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, pread.2, readlink.2, setpgid.2, setreuid.2, sigaltstack.2, stat.2, symlink.2, sync.2, truncate.2, vfork.2, wait.2, wait4.2, a64l.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, asin.3, asinh.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atoi.3, cbrt.3, ceil.3, copysign.3, cosh.3, dirfd.3, div.3, ecvt.3, erf.3, erfc.3, exp.3, exp2.3, fabs.3, fdim.3, ffs.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, fpclassify.3, frexp.3, ftw.3, fwide.3, gcvt.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getgrent.3, gethostid.3, getpass.3, getpwent.3, getsubopt.3, getw.3, hypot.3, ilogb.3, index.3, isalpha.3, isgreater.3, iswblank.3, j0.3, ldexp.3, lockf.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, logb.3, lrint.3, lround.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, nan.3, nextafter.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, printf.3, qecvt.3, random.3, realpath.3, remainder.3, remquo.3, rint.3, round.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scanf.3, siginterrupt.3, signbit.3, sigset.3, sinh.3, sqrt.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strfry.3, strpbrk.3, strsep.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtod.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strxfrm.3, tanh.3, tgamma.3, trunc.3, ttyslot.3, ualarm.3, usleep.3, wprintf.3, armscii-8.7, cp1251.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-11.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-8.7, koi8-u.7: tstamp
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-09-19 17:19:13 +00:00
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.TH ISALPHA 3 2010-09-20 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH NAME
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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isalnum, isalpha, isascii, isblank, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower,
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isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit \- character
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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classification routines
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.B #include <ctype.h>
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.sp
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.BI "int isalnum(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isalpha(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isascii(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isblank(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int iscntrl(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isdigit(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isgraph(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int islower(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isprint(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int ispunct(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isspace(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isupper(int " "c" );
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2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
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.br
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.BI "int isxdigit(int " "c" );
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.fi
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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.sp
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.in -4n
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Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
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.BR feature_test_macros (7)):
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.in
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.sp
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.ad l
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.BR isascii ():
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2010-09-18 16:06:13 +00:00
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.RS 4
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE
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.br
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2010-09-18 16:06:13 +00:00
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.RE
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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.BR isblank ():
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2010-09-18 16:06:13 +00:00
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.RS 4
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2010-09-18 16:06:56 +00:00
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_XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _ISOC99_SOURCE ||
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_POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L;
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2010-09-18 16:06:13 +00:00
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.br
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or
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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.I cc\ -std=c99
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2010-09-18 16:06:13 +00:00
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.RE
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.ad
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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These functions check whether
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.IR c ,
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which must have the value of an
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2006-02-09 20:24:53 +00:00
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.I unsigned char
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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or
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.BR EOF ,
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falls into a certain character class according to the current locale.
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isalnum ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for an alphanumeric character; it is equivalent to
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.BI "(isalpha(" c ") || isdigit(" c "))" \fR.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isalpha ()
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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checks for an alphabetic character; in the standard \fB"C"\fP
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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locale, it is equivalent to
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.BI "(isupper(" c ") || islower(" c "))" \fR.
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In some locales, there may be additional characters for which
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2005-10-19 16:30:05 +00:00
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.BR isalpha ()
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2005-07-06 12:57:38 +00:00
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is true\(emletters which are neither upper case nor lower
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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case.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isascii ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks whether \fIc\fP is a 7-bit
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.I unsigned char
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value that fits into
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2006-08-03 13:57:30 +00:00
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the ASCII character set.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isblank ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for a blank character; that is, a space or a tab.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR iscntrl ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for a control character.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isdigit ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for a digit (0 through 9).
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isgraph ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for any printable character except space.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR islower ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for a lower-case character.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR isprint ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for any printable character including space.
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.TP
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2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
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.BR ispunct ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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checks for any printable character which is not a space or an
|
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alphanumeric character.
|
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.TP
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
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.BR isspace ()
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
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|
checks for white-space characters.
|
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|
In the
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.B """C"""
|
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|
and
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.B """POSIX"""
|
|
|
|
locales, these are: space, form-feed
|
time.1, atexit.3, bsearch.3, dlopen.3, envz_add.3, errno.3, fmtmsg.3, getgrent_r.3, getline.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getpass.3, getpwent_r.3, gets.3, isalpha.3, printf.3, puts.3, recno.3, scandir.3, stdarg.3, sysconf.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, null.4, core.5, dir_colors.5, issue.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, cpuset.7, glob.7, man-pages.7, man.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, regex.7: Global fix: use \\ rather than \e for literal backslash
Reported-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:23:07 +00:00
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|
|
.RB ( \(aq\\f\(aq ),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
newline
|
time.1, atexit.3, bsearch.3, dlopen.3, envz_add.3, errno.3, fmtmsg.3, getgrent_r.3, getline.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getpass.3, getpwent_r.3, gets.3, isalpha.3, printf.3, puts.3, recno.3, scandir.3, stdarg.3, sysconf.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, null.4, core.5, dir_colors.5, issue.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, cpuset.7, glob.7, man-pages.7, man.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, regex.7: Global fix: use \\ rather than \e for literal backslash
Reported-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:23:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.RB ( \(aq\\n\(aq ),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
carriage return
|
time.1, atexit.3, bsearch.3, dlopen.3, envz_add.3, errno.3, fmtmsg.3, getgrent_r.3, getline.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getpass.3, getpwent_r.3, gets.3, isalpha.3, printf.3, puts.3, recno.3, scandir.3, stdarg.3, sysconf.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, null.4, core.5, dir_colors.5, issue.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, cpuset.7, glob.7, man-pages.7, man.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, regex.7: Global fix: use \\ rather than \e for literal backslash
Reported-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:23:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.RB ( \(aq\\r\(aq ),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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|
|
horizontal tab
|
time.1, atexit.3, bsearch.3, dlopen.3, envz_add.3, errno.3, fmtmsg.3, getgrent_r.3, getline.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getpass.3, getpwent_r.3, gets.3, isalpha.3, printf.3, puts.3, recno.3, scandir.3, stdarg.3, sysconf.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, null.4, core.5, dir_colors.5, issue.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, cpuset.7, glob.7, man-pages.7, man.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, regex.7: Global fix: use \\ rather than \e for literal backslash
Reported-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:23:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.RB ( \(aq\\t\(aq ),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
and vertical tab
|
time.1, atexit.3, bsearch.3, dlopen.3, envz_add.3, errno.3, fmtmsg.3, getgrent_r.3, getline.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getpass.3, getpwent_r.3, gets.3, isalpha.3, printf.3, puts.3, recno.3, scandir.3, stdarg.3, sysconf.3, termios.3, wordexp.3, null.4, core.5, dir_colors.5, issue.5, proc.5, termcap.5, utmp.5, ascii.7, cpuset.7, glob.7, man-pages.7, man.7, mdoc.7, mdoc.samples.7, regex.7: Global fix: use \\ rather than \e for literal backslash
Reported-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2012-09-24 08:23:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.RB ( \(aq\\v\(aq ).
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.TP
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR isupper ()
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
checks for an uppercase letter.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
2005-10-19 07:29:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR isxdigit ()
|
2007-06-08 11:56:22 +00:00
|
|
|
checks for a hexadecimal digits, that is, one of
|
2006-07-20 16:16:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.br
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.BR "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f A B C D E F" .
|
|
|
|
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
intro.1, time.1, adjtimex.2, capget.2, eventfd.2, fcntl.2, getrlimit.2, getsockopt.2, gettimeofday.2, intro.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, mlock.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, semget.2, sigaltstack.2, signalfd.2, sysctl.2, timer_settime.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, CPU_SET.3, argz_add.3, assert_perror.3, atexit.3, backtrace.3, bcmp.3, clearenv.3, ctime.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, ecvt.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, exit.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, fnmatch.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, ftw.3, fwide.3, getaddrinfo.3, gethostbyname.3, getlogin.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getrpcent.3, getservent.3, glob.3, hsearch.3, inet.3, isalpha.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, longjmp.3, lsearch.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, mblen.3, mbsinit.3, mbtowc.3, on_exit.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, raise.3, rcmd.3, regex.3, rexec.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtnetlink.3, scandir.3, sem_init.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, signbit.3, stdio_ext.3, strtod.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, system.3, termios.3, timeradd.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, wctomb.3, xdr.3, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, core.5, elf.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, math_error.7, mdoc.samples.7, mq_overview.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, regex.7, socket.7, tcp.7, tzselect.8: Global fix: s/non-zero/nonzero/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:40:55 +00:00
|
|
|
The values returned are nonzero if the character
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.I c
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
|
|
|
falls into the tested class, and a zero value
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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if not.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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2006-08-03 13:57:30 +00:00
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C99, 4.3BSD.
|
2007-05-12 09:06:04 +00:00
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C89 specifies all of these functions except
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.BR isascii ()
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and
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.BR isblank ().
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.BR isascii ()
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is a BSD extension
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2006-08-03 13:57:30 +00:00
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and is also an SVr4 extension.
|
2007-05-12 09:06:04 +00:00
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.BR isblank ()
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conforms to POSIX.1-2001 and C99 7.4.1.3.
|
2008-08-06 12:22:58 +00:00
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POSIX.1-2008 marks
|
2009-01-23 23:14:35 +00:00
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.BR isascii ()
|
2009-03-14 18:40:59 +00:00
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as obsolete,
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noting that it cannot be used portably in a localized application.
|
2007-05-16 02:54:18 +00:00
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.SH NOTES
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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The details of what characters belong into which class depend on the current
|
2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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locale.
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For example,
|
2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR isupper ()
|
2005-07-06 08:00:30 +00:00
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will not recognize an A-umlaut (\(:A) as an uppercase letter in the default
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.B "C"
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locale.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
2006-02-09 20:57:44 +00:00
|
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.BR iswalnum (3),
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|
.BR iswalpha (3),
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.BR iswblank (3),
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.BR iswcntrl (3),
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.BR iswdigit (3),
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.BR iswgraph (3),
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.BR iswlower (3),
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|
.BR iswprint (3),
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.BR iswpunct (3),
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.BR iswspace (3),
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.BR iswupper (3),
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.BR iswxdigit (3),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
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|
.BR setlocale (3),
|
2009-02-03 04:01:15 +00:00
|
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|
.BR toascii (3),
|
2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
|
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|
.BR tolower (3),
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|
.BR toupper (3),
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|
.BR ascii (7),
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|
.BR locale (7)
|