2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (C) 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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.\" preserved on all copies.
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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.\" permission notice identical to this one.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
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.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
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.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
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.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
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.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
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.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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.\" professionally.
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
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.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
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.\"
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.\" References consulted:
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.\" Linux libc source code
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.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
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.\" 386BSD man pages
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.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 18:26:16 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
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.\" Modified Thu Apr 11 17:11:33 1996 by Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl):
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.\" Corrected type of compar routines, as suggested by
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.\" Miguel Barreiro (enano@avalon.yaix.es). Added example.
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.\" Modified Sun Sep 24 20:15:46 2000 by aeb, following Petter Reinholdtsen.
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.\" Modified 2001-12-26 by aeb, following Joey. Added versionsort.
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.\"
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2011-09-07 16:45:56 +00:00
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.\" FIXME glibc 2.15 adds scandirat()
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.\"
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2009-02-09 02:04:59 +00:00
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.TH SCANDIR 3 2009-02-10 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH NAME
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scandir, alphasort, versionsort \- scan a directory for matching entries
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.B #include <dirent.h>
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.sp
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2008-09-23 06:45:52 +00:00
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.BI "int scandir(const char *" dirp ", struct dirent ***" namelist ,
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.RS
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2008-07-14 11:04:20 +00:00
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.BI "int (*" filter ")(const struct dirent *),"
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.BI "int (*" compar ")(const struct dirent **, const struct dirent **));"
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.RE
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.sp
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.BI "int alphasort(const void *" a ", const void *" b );
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.sp
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.BI "int versionsort(const void *" a ", const void *" b );
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.fi
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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.sp
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.in -4n
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Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
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.BR feature_test_macros (7)):
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.in
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.sp
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.BR scandir (),
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.BR alphasort ():
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_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
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.br
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.BR versionsort ():
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_GNU_SOURCE
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.BR scandir ()
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function scans the directory \fIdirp\fP, calling
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\fIfilter\fP() on each directory entry.
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Entries for which
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intro.1, time.1, adjtimex.2, capget.2, eventfd.2, fcntl.2, getrlimit.2, getsockopt.2, gettimeofday.2, intro.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, mlock.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, semget.2, sigaltstack.2, signalfd.2, sysctl.2, timer_settime.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, CPU_SET.3, argz_add.3, assert_perror.3, atexit.3, backtrace.3, bcmp.3, clearenv.3, ctime.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, ecvt.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, exit.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, fnmatch.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, ftw.3, fwide.3, getaddrinfo.3, gethostbyname.3, getlogin.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getrpcent.3, getservent.3, glob.3, hsearch.3, inet.3, isalpha.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, longjmp.3, lsearch.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, mblen.3, mbsinit.3, mbtowc.3, on_exit.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, raise.3, rcmd.3, regex.3, rexec.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtnetlink.3, scandir.3, sem_init.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, signbit.3, stdio_ext.3, strtod.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, system.3, termios.3, timeradd.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, wctomb.3, xdr.3, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, core.5, elf.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, math_error.7, mdoc.samples.7, mq_overview.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, regex.7, socket.7, tcp.7, tzselect.8: Global fix: s/non-zero/nonzero/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:40:55 +00:00
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\fIfilter\fP() returns nonzero are stored in strings allocated via
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.BR malloc (3),
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sorted using
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.BR qsort (3)
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with the comparison
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function \fIcompar\fP(), and collected in array \fInamelist\fP
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which is allocated via
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.BR malloc (3).
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If \fIfilter\fP is NULL, all entries are selected.
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.LP
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The
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.BR alphasort ()
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and
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.BR versionsort ()
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functions can be used as the comparison function
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.IR compar ().
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The former sorts directory entries using
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.BR strcoll (3),
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the latter using
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2005-10-19 14:54:31 +00:00
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.BR strverscmp (3)
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on the strings \fI(*a)\->d_name\fP and \fI(*b)\->d_name\fP.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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2007-05-12 09:06:04 +00:00
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The
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.BR scandir ()
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function returns the number of directory entries
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selected or \-1 if an error occurs.
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.PP
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The
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.BR alphasort ()
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and
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.BR versionsort ()
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functions return an integer less than, equal to,
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or greater than zero if the first argument is considered to be
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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respectively less than, equal to, or greater than the second.
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.SH ERRORS
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.TP
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.B ENOMEM
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Insufficient memory to complete the operation.
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2009-02-02 20:51:24 +00:00
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.SH VERSIONS
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.BR versionsort ()
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was added to glibc in version 2.1.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR alphasort ()
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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and
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.BR scandir ()
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2009-02-02 20:53:28 +00:00
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are specified in POSIX.1-2008, and are widely available.
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.BR versionsort ()
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is a GNU extension.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.LP
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The functions
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2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR scandir ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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and
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2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR alphasort ()
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2005-07-18 15:05:56 +00:00
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are from 4.3BSD, and have been available under Linux since libc4.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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Libc4 and libc5 use the more precise prototype
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.sp
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.nf
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2007-04-12 22:42:49 +00:00
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int alphasort(const struct dirent ** a,
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2006-06-14 19:19:41 +00:00
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const struct dirent **b);
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.fi
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.sp
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but glibc 2.0 returns to the imprecise BSD prototype.
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.LP
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The function
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2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR versionsort ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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is a GNU extension, available since glibc 2.1.
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2006-06-14 19:19:41 +00:00
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.LP
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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Since glibc 2.1,
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2005-10-19 07:07:02 +00:00
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.BR alphasort ()
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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calls
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.BR strcoll (3);
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earlier it used
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.BR strcmp (3).
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.SH EXAMPLE
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.nf
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2007-07-08 12:11:40 +00:00
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#define _SVID_SOURCE
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/* print files in current directory in reverse order */
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#include <dirent.h>
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2007-04-05 12:36:57 +00:00
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int
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main(void)
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{
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struct dirent **namelist;
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int n;
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n = scandir(".", &namelist, 0, alphasort);
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if (n < 0)
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perror("scandir");
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else {
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2007-06-20 20:52:14 +00:00
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while (n\-\-) {
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2005-07-06 12:57:38 +00:00
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printf("%s\en", namelist[n]\->d_name);
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free(namelist[n]);
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}
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free(namelist);
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}
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}
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.fi
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR closedir (3),
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.BR fnmatch (3),
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.BR opendir (3),
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.BR readdir (3),
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.BR rewinddir (3),
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.BR seekdir (3),
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.BR strcmp (3),
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.BR strcoll (3),
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.BR strverscmp (3),
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.BR telldir (3)
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