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LDP/howto/linuxdoc/Belgian-HOWTO.sgml
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@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
<!doctype linuxdoc system>
<linuxdoc><article>
<titlepag>
<title>The Belgian HOWTO</title>
<author>by Dag Wie&euml;rs, <tt><htmlurl url="mailto:dag@mind.be" name="dag@mind.be"></tt></author>
<date>v1.0.24, 29 February 2000</date>
<title>Belgian HOWTO</title>
<author>
by Dag Wie&euml;rs,
<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:dag@mind.be" name="dag@mind.be"></tt>
</author>
<date>v1.0.29, 15 October 2000</date>
<abstract>
This document describes how to tweak Linux for Belgian users and lists Linux
@ -115,7 +118,7 @@
<p>
Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000 by Dag Wieers. This document may be distributed only
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in
<htmlurl url="http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/LDP-COPYRIGHT.html" name="the LDP license">.
<htmlurl url="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP-COPYRIGHT.html" name="the LDP license">.
</p>
</sect1>
@ -127,11 +130,18 @@
is only a reminder to myself, it is not in the translated documents!)
<itemize>
<item> Make a distinction between Linux-distributors and Linux-companies
<item> Add details about how to get Ispell-software for your own language
<item> Make a distinction between Linux-distributors, Linux-training and Linux-companies
<itemize>
<item> <url url="http://www.kangaroot.net/">
<item> <url url="http://www.businesstraining.be">, <url url="http://www.aragne.com/">, <url url="http://mind.be/">, <url url="http://life.be/">, IBM, SGI
</itemize>
<item> Integrate <htmlurl url="http://linbel.iguana.be/" name="LinBel"> some more (should have done this a long time ago)
<item> Describe possible ways to get a cheap recent Linux-distribution in your neighbourhood
<item> Add a section about Linux training in Belgium
<item> Link it from inside the Linux.be website at http://linux.iguana.be/ (database-driven)
<item> Add details about how to get Ispell-software for your own language
<item> Add information about translating programs
<item> Add more information about ADSL/DANA
<item> Translate it to <htmlurl url="http://www.docbook.org/" name="DocBook DTD">
<item> Link it from inside the Linux.be website at <url url="http://linux.iguana.be/"> (database-driven)
</itemize>
</p>
</sect1>
@ -706,7 +716,14 @@
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.149.160.9, 194.149.160.1
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.freebel.net/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Tiscalinet (Freegates):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based ?
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 212.35.2.1, 212.35.2.2
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.freegates.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>KPN Belgium (Eunet):</tag>
<descrip>
@ -716,13 +733,13 @@
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.kpnbelgium.be/internet/index.asp?ID=3&amp;REF=EUnet">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://www.kpnbelgium.be/support/Support.asp?ID=3&amp;SupportID=11">
</descrip>
<tag>Online:</tag>
<tag>Online / TijdNet:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based / PAP
<tag>Extra options:</tag> noccp
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 62.112.0.7, 194.88.127.7
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.online.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Ping:</tag>
<descrip>
@ -735,7 +752,7 @@
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.119.232.3, 194.119.232.2
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.planetinternet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Skynet (Belgacom):</tag>
<descrip>
@ -743,7 +760,7 @@
<tag>Extra options:</tag> defaultroute
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 195.238.2.21, 195.238.2.22
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.skynet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>UUNet:</tag>
<descrip>
@ -756,21 +773,23 @@
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.vt4.net/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Wanadoo (Euronet):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based / PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 195.74.193.12, 194.134.0.12
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.euronet.be/"> <url url="http://www.wanadoo.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://www.euronet.be/support/uk/linux/">
</descrip>
<!-- ogin: en ord: mogen NIET voorkomen in chat-script-->
<!-- options noauth nodig bij worldonline ?-->
<tag>World Online:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 212.233.1.34, 212.233.2.34
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.worldonline.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>XS4ALL:</tag>
<descrip>
@ -783,7 +802,7 @@
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.yucom.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
</descrip>
</p>
@ -1048,7 +1067,7 @@ skynet: pap
<p>
<descrip>
<tag>Chello (TVD):</tag>
<tag>UPC Belgium (Chello/TVD):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.chello.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
@ -1079,10 +1098,9 @@ skynet: pap
<descrip>
<tag>Turboline (Belgacom):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Some things:</tag> using DANA
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.turboline.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>More information:</tag> <url url="http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/turboline/">
<tag>More information:</tag> <url url="http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/turboline/"> and <url url="http://minf.vub.ac.be/~fquestie/turbo/">
</descrip>
</descrip>
</p>
@ -1152,21 +1170,6 @@ skynet: pap
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Charleroi Linux User Group (CAROLINUX)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Charleroi Linux User Group (CAROLINUX)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:spirou@carolo.net" name="spirou@carolo.net">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://carolo.net/carolinux/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 23 September 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>HCC Limburgse Linux Gebruikers Groep (HLLGG)</heading>
<p>
@ -1328,6 +1331,7 @@ skynet: pap
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 17 July 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
@ -1377,7 +1381,8 @@ skynet: pap
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>linuxbe.org</heading><p>
<heading>linuxbe.org</heading>
<p>
<verb>
linuxbe.org
</verb>
@ -1388,24 +1393,25 @@ skynet: pap
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 7 February 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Local Linux Support Group Gent (LLSGG)</heading>
<heading>Louvain-Li-nux (LLN)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Wim Vandeputte
PB 144
B-9000 Gent 12
Louvain-Li-nux (LLN)
Louvain-la-neuve Linux User Group
Place des paniers 5/014
B-1348 Louvain-La-neuve
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 9 240 29 17
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 9 240 34 39
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:wvdputte@reptile.rug.ac.be" name="wvdputte@reptile.rug.ac.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://llsgg.rug.ac.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Wim Vandeputte <htmlurl url="mailto:wvdputte@reptile.rug.ac.be" name="wvdputte@reptile.rug.ac.be">
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 10 45 47 61
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:lln@udev.org" name="lln@udev.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://lln.udev.org/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Benjamin Henrion <htmlurl url="mailto:benjamin.henrion@linuxbe.org" name="benjamin.henrion@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 4 March 1999.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
@ -1429,6 +1435,20 @@ skynet: pap
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Python Blanc Blue Belge (P3B)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Python Blanc Blue Belge (P3B)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.p3b.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Student Information Networking (SIN)</heading>
<p>
@ -1530,7 +1550,7 @@ skynet: pap
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 2 529 59 91
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 2 529 59 92
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:ingo@arafox.com" name="info@arafox.com">
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@arafox.com" name="info@arafox.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.arafox.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 11 February 2000.
@ -1538,6 +1558,21 @@ skynet: pap
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Aragne</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Aragne
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:contact@aragne.com" name="contact@aragne.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.aragne.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Better Access N.V.</heading>
<p>
@ -1558,6 +1593,24 @@ skynet: pap
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>BIOS Consulting sa/nv</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Chée de Neerstalle 240
B-1190 Bruxelles
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 (0)2 376 61 97
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 (0)2 376 23 99
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@biosconsulting.com" name="info@biosconsulting.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.biosconsulting.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 27 June 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>D. Connect</heading>
<p>
@ -1633,23 +1686,23 @@ skynet: pap
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>MIND NV</heading>
<heading>Mind Linux Solutions</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Vaartstraat 12
B-3000 Leuven
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 478 274 069 or +32 476 468 405
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 (0)16 309 666 or +32 (0)478 274 069
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 (0)16 309 644
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@mind.be" name="info@mind.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://mind.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag>
Peter Vandenabeele <htmlurl url="mailto:peter@mind.be" name="peter@mind.be"> or
Dag Wie&euml;rs <htmlurl url="mailto:dag@mind.be" name="dag@mind.be">
Peter Vandenabeele <htmlurl url="mailto:peter@mind.be" name="peter@mind.be">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> Installation &amp; configuration, auditing &amp; consultancy, support &amp; maintenance, training &amp; education, research &amp; development.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> Large Linux deployements, company security and network audits, remote server maintenance, application and kernel development, cluster computing, data recovery, ... See our website.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> We are specialised in installing Linux servers for various purposes (Web-, File-, Print- or Mailservers, Routers, Firewalls, VPN, ...) in heterogenous networks. We provide support and training for Linux and Open Source products and we develop custom Linux solutions for our customers.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 11 February 2000.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 23 April 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
@ -1743,7 +1796,9 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<heading>French Linux-sites</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://linuxbe.org/" name="linuxbe.org">
<item><url url="http://linuxbe.org/" name="LinuxBe.Org">
<item><url url="http://club.euronet.be/dany.vanderroost/howto.html" name="Belgian HOWTO in french">
<item><url url="http://portail.linuxbe.org/" name="Portail LinuxBe.Org">
<item><url url="http://www.linux-france.org/" name="linux-france.org">
</itemize>
</p>
@ -1778,8 +1833,11 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<heading>Web</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://www.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/LDP/HOWTO/" name="HOWTO's at KULeuven">
<item><url url="http://www.sin.khk.be/mirror/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at SIN">
<item><htmlurl url="http://venus.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at KULeuven">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.linkline.be/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at LinkLine">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.double-barrel.be/linux_web/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at Double-Barrel">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.sin.khk.be/mirror/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at SIN">
<item><htmlurl url="http://ldp.linuxbe.org/" name="HOWTO's at Linuxbe.org">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
@ -1788,7 +1846,7 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<heading>FTP</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/INDEX.html" name="HOWTO's at Belnet">
<item><htmlurl url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/INDEX.html" name="HOWTO's at Belnet">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
@ -1843,7 +1901,6 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.be.kernel.org/" name="Official Mirror kernel-sources at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.kernel.org/" name="Mirror kernel-sources at linux.be.eu.org">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/ftp.kernel.org/" name="Mirror kernel-sources at Digibel">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
@ -1858,32 +1915,27 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at Chello (TVD)"> ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/redhat/redhat-<em>version</em>/<em>arch</em>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at linux.be.eu.org">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)"> ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/redhat/redhat-<em>version</em>/<em>arch</em>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at Digibel">
</itemize>
<item>Debian
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/ftp.debian.org/" name="Official Mirror at KULeuven">
<item><url url="ftp://debian.spnet.net/" name="Official Mirror at spnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.eunet.be/pub/linux/debian/" name="Mirror at EUnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.skynet.be/mirror/linux/distributions/debian/" name="Mirror at Skynet">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.debian.org/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.interpac.be/mirror/linux/distributions/debian/" name="Mirror at Interpac">
</itemize>
<item>Slackware
<item>Mandrake
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.interpac.be/mirror/linux/distributions/slackware/" name="Official Mirror at Interpac">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.skynet.be/mirror/linux/distributions/slackware/" name="Mirror at Skynet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.glo.be/pub/mirror/Slackware-3.6/" name="Mirror at Globe">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/packages/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.tvd.be/pub/mirror/ftp0.sunet.se/pub/Linux/distributions/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Chello (TVD)">
</itemize>
<item>SuSE
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror3/ftp.suse.com/" name="Mirror at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.suse.com/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)">
</itemize>
<item>Mandrake
<item>Slackware
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/packages/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.tvd.be/pub/mirror/ftp0.sunet.se/pub/Linux/distributions/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.glo.be/pub/Slackware/" name="Mirror at Globe">
</itemize>
</itemize>
</p>
@ -1897,7 +1949,6 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/" name="Mirrors at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/" name="Mirrors at linux.be.eu.org">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/" name="Mirrors at Pandora (Telenet)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/" name="Mirrors at Digibel">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
@ -1921,6 +1972,8 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:info@linux.iguana.be" name="info@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:discussions@linux.iguana.be" name="discussions@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:builders@linux.iguana.be" name="builders@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:lugs@linux.iguana.be" name="lugs@linux.iguana.be">
</itemize>
</p>
@ -1931,9 +1984,8 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:blug-subscribe@linux.rave.org" name="BLUG Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:linux-request@pla.to?subject=ADD" name="L2U Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:members-subscribe@l2u.iguana.be" name="L2U Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.onelist.com/isregistered.cgi?listname=lilug" name="LILUG Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:lgovl-subscribe@egroups.com" name="LGOVL Mailinglist">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
@ -1951,6 +2003,10 @@ We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
and the Belgian Linux-scene. The channel is still small, but it surely will
grow in time. To get help in English, there's only one place #linux.
</p>
<p>
Also Dalnet has a #linux.be channel.
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
</article></linuxdoc>

88
LDP/howto/linuxdoc/C++Programming-HOWTO.sgml
View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ C++ Programming HOW-TO
<author>Al Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan)
<htmlurl url="mailto:alavoor@yahoo.com"
name="alavoor@yahoo.com">
<date>v17.0, 08 Oct 2000
<date>v19.0, 16 Oct 2000
<abstract>
This document discusses methods to avoid memory problems in C++ and
also will help you to program properly in C++ language.
@ -185,6 +185,60 @@ about the memory problems and memory allocation at all!!
-->
<sect1> COOP - C++ Object Oriented Programming-language
<p>
"C++" is the super-set of "C" and it is proposed that super-set
of "C++" be named <bf>COOP</bf> which is acronym for "
<bf>C++</bf>
<bf> O</bf>
bject
<bf> O</bf>
riented
<bf> P</bf>
rogramming-language" pronounced as <bf>"koooop"</bf>.
The "C" files have *.c as file extenstions, "C++" have *.cpp
and it is proposed that "COOP" have *.coo as file extenstions.
There is a need for "COOP" because I found some programs which were written
in C++ but never used Object oriented techniques!! Also programs
written in C++ are very hard to maitain as someone can write "C" like programs
with C++!!
The following can be the features of COOP -
<itemize>
<item> Is a super-set of C++ language but will force programmer to
use obejct oriented programming.
<item> Pure Object-oriented langauge but retains syntax of C++.
<item> Remove all bad features of C++ in COOP.
<item> Prevent writing "C" like programming in COOP, something which C++ currently allows.
<item> Syntax very close to C++.
<item> Maintaining code written in "COOP" will be more easy.
<item> Code written in "COOP" will be re-usable (thru components, modules, objects).
<item> No downward compatibility to "C" language.
<item> Borrow best ideas from Microsoft's C#, Java and Python.
<item> COOP is simple, robust, OOP, has bare mininum syntax (avoiding confusing, redundant, extra constructs)
<item> COOP is GNU/GPL and is open-standard language.
</itemize>
In order implement this "COOP" borrow ideas from -
<itemize>
<item> Java - Sun Microsystem put lot of effort, and you can simply utilize that.
<item> C# - Microsoft put lot of efforts, and you can simply utilize them. Specs at
<url url="http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/nextgen/technology/csharpdownload.asp">
</itemize>
COOP will compete with proprietary Microsoft C# and Sun's Java langauges.
Microsoft C# overview is at -
<url url="http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/nextgen/technology/csharpintro.asp">.
Microsoft should have named C# as "COOP" because "coop" is a better name than C#
and more easy to say and files can have *.coo as extension!!
Also take a look at Connective C++ at <url url="http://www.quintessent.com/products/cc++">.
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************
*******************************************
-->
<sect1>Which one "C", "C++" or Java ?
<p>
@ -405,19 +459,26 @@ as much as possible.
To make
<bf>delete</bf>
command even more cleaner, make a Zap() command. Define
a zap() command like this:
a zap() or delete9() command like this:
<code>
/*
** Use do while to make it robust and bullet-proof macro.
** For example, if "do-while" is NOT used then results will be
** something else just as in -
** if (bbint == 4)
** aa = 0
** else
** zap(aptr); // Problem!! aptr will be always set to NULL
*/
** Note: But not using do while works for some C++ pre-processors ..
#define zap(x) do { delete(x); x = NULL; } while (0)
#define delete9(x) do { delete(x); x = NULL; } while (0)
*/
#define zap(x) { delete(x); x = NULL; }
#define delete9(x) { delete(x); x = NULL; }
</code>
Make sure that your C++ pre-processor is putting the surrounding brackets
for delete. If it does not then use the do - while loop.
Use -E option with GNU C++ to generate only the pre-processed file
and view the output file to verify.
Test using this -
<code>
bash$ g++ -E example_String.cpp > preprocess.out
bash$ vi preprocess.out
</code>
The zap() command will delete the pointer and set it NULL.
@ -432,6 +493,7 @@ program will not crash. For example -
zap(pLastname);
zap(pJobDescription);
delete9(pFirstname); // you can use either zap or delete9
</code>
There is nothing magical about this, it just saves
@ -661,6 +723,8 @@ Visit the following C++ sites :-
<item>C++ Memory site<url url="http://www.troubleshooters.com/codecorn/memleak.htm">
<item>C++ Online Textbook <url url="http://www.bruceeckel.com/DownloadSites">
<item>Porting C++ to Java <url url="http://www.ibm.com/java/education/portingc">
<item>GNU Main site <url url="http://www.gnu.org"> and gnu C++ site at
<url url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/gcc.html">
<item>GNU C++ Library - socs <url url="http://www.socs.uts.edu.au/doc/gnuinfo/libg++/libg++_18.html">
<item>GNU C++ Library - gsi <url url="http://www.gsi.de/doc/gnu/libg++_toc.html">
<item>GNU C++ Library - techno <url url="http://www.techno.spb.ru/~xbatob/FAQ/GNU/libg++_toc.html">
@ -1008,6 +1072,8 @@ void zap_example()
zap(pp);
zap(pp); // no core dump here!!
zap(pp); // no core dump here!!
delete9(pp); // you can use either zap or delete9
}
// Sample code to demo imitation of Java's String class
@ -5108,6 +5174,7 @@ To get this file, in the web-browser, save this file as 'Text' type.
/* Use zap instead of delete as this will be very clean!!
** Use do while to make it robust and bullet-proof macro
*/
// You can use either zap or delete9
/*
template <class T*>
inline void zap( T*& p )
@ -5117,6 +5184,7 @@ inline void zap( T*& p )
}
*/
#define zap(x) do { delete(x); x = 0; } while (0)
#define delete9(x) do { delete(x); x = 0; } while (0)
void *local_my_malloc(size_t size, char fname[], int lineno);

123
LDP/howto/linuxdoc/PostgreSQL-HOWTO.sgml
View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Covers PostgreSQL Version 6.5.3
<author>Al Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan)
<htmlurl url="mailto:alavoor@yahoo.com"
name="alavoor@yahoo.com">
<date>v33.0, 10 Oct 2000
<date>v34.0, 15 Oct 2000
<abstract>
This document is a "practical guide" to very quickly setup a SQL Database
engine and
@ -283,8 +283,9 @@ this universe you are currently living in.
It is indeed possible for man to create a new universe.
Total number of universes that can be created
is <bf>INFINITY</bf> and similarly total number of operating systems that
can be created is also <bf>infinity</bf>!! Infinite number
universes and infinite
can be created is also <bf>infinity</bf>!! There are millions of universes
classified into 3 major categories.
Infinite number universes and infinite
variety of multi-dimensional atoms collapse down
into few <it>primary-dimensional-universe</it>. Very advanced mathematical
equations support this theory.
@ -492,7 +493,7 @@ Read the benchmarks at <url url="http://www.greatbridge.com/news/p_081420001.htm
*******************************************
-->
<sect1> MySQL and other duplicate RDBMSes should be eradicated
<sect1> MySQL and other duplicate RDBMSes
<p>
MySQL is another open-source SQL server, but it does not support
transactions. It is suitable for very small databases and does not
@ -504,6 +505,10 @@ advanced features which are not available in commercial database systems!!
In near future development of MySQL will be dropped,
since MySQL is duplicate product working towards ANSI SQL.
We would take the most advanced and mature open-source SQL server and
drop all others as we do not have lots of time (to deal with multiple
RDBMSes)!! In fact, you do not have time to deal with just one
powerful SQL server like PostgreSQL!
And all the MySQL users will be migrated to PostgreSQL.
Also MySQL is a 'quasi-commercial' product unlike
PostgreSQL which is open-source and there is no license fee.
@ -517,6 +522,7 @@ Duplicate products cause more harm than good and hence division of
resources must be strongly discouraged. This already happened in case of
commercial database systems like Oracle, Sybase, Informix and MS SQL server
which caused splintering of user base and often they are incompatible.
<bf><it>I want put the source code of SQL server under your control!!!</it></bf>
You do not need hundreds of database systems, all you need is just one
best database server which happens to be 'PostgreSQL'.
@ -1382,6 +1388,10 @@ other manuals.
-->
<sect>PostgreSQL Supports Extremely Large Databases greater than 200 Gig
<p>
PostgreSQL is already used by many companies supporting large databases.
The following techniques are suggested :
<sect1> CPU types - 32-bit or 64-bit
<p>
Performance of 32-bit cpu machines will decline rapidly when the database size
exceeds 5 GigaByte. You can run 30 gig database on 32-bit cpu but the
performance will be degraded.
@ -1405,6 +1415,60 @@ large databases, support much larger memory (RAM), have more capabilities etc..
************ End of Section ***************
*******************************************
-->
<sect1> Multiple CPUs
<p>
For large databases it is recommended that you use SMP boxes which have 4, 16 or
32 CPUs. Alternatively, you can use 4 or 5 single CPU boxes and you can
partition the database into 4 or 5 seperate databases and each database running
on a seperate box. Each CPU will be connected with fast NIC (100MBits) ethernet card.
For example - if you have 200 tables in a database, you
can distribute 200 tables to 4 database each having 50 tables.
In this way, you are distributing the load evenly among 4 seperate machines.
This is a cheaper alternative to
4-way CPU box. You would use
<bf>'Queries across multiple databases'</bf>,
NFS mounts in LAN,
'CREATE VIEW' for read-only tables
to accomplish this task. And each CPU "can see" all the databases i.e all the
200 tables.
In future PostgreSQL may provide support for <bf>'Queries across multiple
databases'</bf> (already in the TODO list), which may appear in upcoming version 7.1.
For example, queries across multiple databases using aliases a, b for table names
can be like -
<code>
select a.col1, a.col2, b.col4, b.col7
from
database1.my_tablea a, database2.my_tableb b
where
a.col1 = b.col3 and
a.col4 = b.col9;
update my_tablea
set
col1 = b.col2
from
database1.my_tablea a, database2.my_tableb b
where
a.col4 = b.col9;
</code>
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************
*******************************************
-->
<sect1> Replication Server
<p>
Replication server for large enterprises/businesses is sold commercially by
PostgreSQL Inc. You use replication server to provide redundancy and
high availability. Replication server is a complex, sophisticated product
and hence costs $$$$s.
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************
*******************************************
@ -2557,6 +2621,21 @@ it at
<htmlurl url="mailto:de@ucolick.org"
name="de@ucolick.org">
</itemize>
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************
*******************************************
-->
<sect1> PgAdmin, PhpPgAdmin tools
<p>
<itemize>
<item> PgAdmin tool for Windows 95/NT
Database design tool for PostgreSQL for Windows 95/NT
<url url="http://www.pgadmin.freeserve.co.uk">
<item> Web based admin tool - PhpPgAdmin for Postgresql is at
<url url="http://www.phpwizard.net/projects/phpPgAdmin">
</itemize>
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************
@ -2572,7 +2651,28 @@ it at
The following CPUs (both 64-bit and 32-bit) are available for PostgreSQL. All these
CPUs run Linux.
<itemize>
<item> GNU/GPL Freedom 64-bit F-CPU <url url="http://f-cpu.tux.org">
<item> Main CPU site is : Google Search engine CPU site "Computers>Hardware>Components>Microprocessors" <url url="http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Hardware/Components/Microprocessors">
</itemize>
The following is GNU/GPL open-source CPU list:
<itemize>
<item> Open-source CPU site - Google Search "Computers>Hardware>Open Source"
<url url="http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Hardware/Open_Source">
<item> European Space Agency's ESA-32bit and ESA-64bit CPUs "LEON" Sparc <url url="http://www.estec.esa.nl/wsmwww/leon">
<item> ARM CPU <url url="http://www.arm.com/Documentation">
<item> Cogent CPUs <url url="http://www.cogcomp.com">
<item> GNU/GPL Freedom 64-bit F-CPU
<url url="http://www.f-cpu.org"> or at
<url url="http://f-cpu.tux.org">
<item> STM 32-bit, 2-way superscalar RISC CPU <url url="http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~uf8e-itu">
<item> Free microprocessor and DSP IP cores written in Verilog or VHDL <url url="http://www.cmosexod.com">
<item> Free hardware cores to speed development <url url="http://www.scrap.de/html/opencore.htm">
<item> Opencores org - open source, free IP cores <url url="http://www.opencores.org">
<item> Linux open hardware and free EDA systems <url url="http://opencollector.org">
</itemize>
The following is commercial CPU list:
<itemize>
<item> Russian E2k 64-bit CPU (Very fast CPU !!!)
website : <url url="http://www.elbrus.ru/roadmap/e2k.html">
Elbrus is now partnered (alliance) with Sun Microsystems of USA
@ -2586,8 +2686,11 @@ CPUs run Linux.
<item> Sun Ultra-sparc 64-bit CPU
<url url="http://www.sun.com">
or <url url="http://www.sunmicrosystems.com">
<item> MIPS RISC CPUs <url url="http://www.mips.com">
<item> Silicon Graphics MIPS Architecture CPUs <url url="http://www.sgi.com/processors">
<item> IDT MIPS Architecture CPUs <url url="http://www.idt.com">
<item> IBM Power PC (motorola) <url url="http://www.motorola.com/SPS/PowerPC/index.html">
<item> Motorola embedded processors. SPS processor based on PowerPC, M-CORE, ColdFire, M68k, or M68HC cores <url url="http://www.mot-sps.com">
<item> Hitachi SuperH 64-bit RISC processor SH7750 <url url="http://www.hitachi.com"> sold at $40 per cpu in quantities of 10,000
<item> Fujitsu 64-bit processor <url url="http://www.fujitsu.com">
<item> HAL (California) Super-Sparc 64-bit processor <url url="http://www.hal.com"> also compatible to Sun's sparc architecture.
@ -2595,9 +2698,17 @@ or <url url="http://www.sunmicrosystems.com">
<item> Intel X86 series 32-bit CPUs Pentiums, Celeron etc..
<item> AMDs X86 series 32-bit CPUs K-6, Athlon etc..
<item> National's Cyrix X86 series 32-bit CPUs Cyrix etc..
<item> European Space Agency's ESA-32bit and ESA-64bit CPUs
<item> Other CPUs from other countries (Taiwan, Korea, Japan) ?? Let me know...
</itemize>
Other important CPU sites are at -
<itemize>
<item> World-wide 24-hour news on CPUs <url url="http://www.newsnow.co.uk/cgi/NewsNow/NewsLink.htm?Theme=Processors">
<item> The computer architecture site is at <url url="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~arch/www">
<item> ARM CPU <url url="http://www.arm.com/Documentation">
<item> Great CPUs <url url="http://www.cs.uregina.ca/~bayko/cpu.html">
<item> Microdesign resources <url url="http://www.mdronline.com">
</itemize>
<!--
*******************************************
************ End of Section ***************