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<!doctype linuxdoc system>
<linuxdoc><article>
<titlepag>
<title>Belgian HOWTO</title>
<author>
by Dag Wie&euml;rs,
<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:dag@mind.be" name="dag@mind.be"></tt>
</author>
<date>v1.0.29, 15 October 2000</date>
<abstract>
This document describes how to tweak Linux for Belgian users and lists Linux
user groups, businesses and other resources in Belgium.
</abstract>
</titlepag>
<toc>
<sect>
<heading>Introduction</heading>
<sect1>
<heading>Why this document?</heading>
<p>
Since there was no information anywhere on the net for Belgian Linux users,
we started to collect stuff that we thought could be important. This HOWTO
aims to be the definitive list of all Belgian-related Linux information. If
you think not, you have no excuse to complain and certainly not to not
contribute. ;)
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>New versions of this document</heading>
<p>
If you need to know more about the Linux Documentation Project or about Linux
HOWTO's, feel free to contact the supervisor Tim Bynum
<htmlurl url="mailto:linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu" name="linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu">.
</p>
<p>
Tim Bynum will post the listing to several national and international
newsgroups on a monthly basis. In addition, the Belgian HOWTO can be found
on the World Wide Web at <url url="http://dag.mind.be/howto/"> New versions
of the Belgian HOWTO are always placed at this site first, so please be sure
to check if the copy you are reading is still up to date!
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Translated versions</heading>
<p>
This document is currently translated in 3 languages (English, Dutch and
French), we're trying to keep all three of them in sync, but the English
version is the source-document!
</p>
<p>
The English and Dutch version are maintained by Dag Wie&euml;rs
<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:dag@mind.be" name="dag@mind.be"></tt> and is found
at: <url url="http://dag.mind.be/howto/">.
</p>
<p>
The French version is maintained by Dany Vanderroost
<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:danyv@euronet.be" name="danyv@euronet.be"></tt> and is
found at: <url url="http://club.euronet.be/dany.vanderroost/howto.html">.
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Contributions</heading>
<p>
A few people mailed us their suggestions and improvements, thanks go to:
<itemize>
<item>Wim Vandeputte <htmlurl url="mailto:wvdputte@reptile.rug.ac.be" name="wvdeputte@reptile.rug.ac.be">
<item>Pablo Saratxaga <htmlurl url="mailto:srtxg@ping.be" name="srtxg@ping.be">
<item>Christophe Lambin <htmlurl url="mailto:clambin@skynet.be" name="clambin@skynet.be">
<item>Geert Uytterhoeven <htmlurl url="mailto:geert@linux-m68k.org" name="geert@linux-m68k.org">
</itemize>
</p>
<p>
Many thanks go to Ivo Clarysse
<htmlurl url="mailto:soggie@iguana.be" name="soggie@iguana.be">
who started something similar earlier
(<htmlurl url="http://linbel.iguana.be/">)
and his project helped us a lot to get this document online.
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Feedback</heading>
<p>
If some information seems to be wrong, deceptive or missing, we'd appreciate
if you mailed us the improvements. Since we're just human this document isn't
bug-free, but your contribution can and will make a difference.
</p>
<p>
To add yourself to the Linux user groups or businesses, collect all necessary
information and mail it to us.
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Legal stuff</heading>
<p>
Trademarks are owned by their owners.
</p>
<p>
Although the information given in this document is believed to be correct, the
author will accept no liability for the content of this document. Use the tips
and examples given herein at your own risk.
</p>
<p>
Copyright <20> 1998, 1999, 2000 by Dag Wieers. This document may be distributed only
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in
<htmlurl url="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP-COPYRIGHT.html" name="the LDP license">.
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Todo</heading>
<p>
There are some things I'm planning to add to this document, if you're interested
be sure you're reading the most current version of this document. (This todo-list
is only a reminder to myself, it is not in the translated documents!)
<itemize>
<item> Make a distinction between Linux-distributors, Linux-training and Linux-companies
<itemize>
<item> <url url="http://www.kangaroot.net/">
<item> <url url="http://www.businesstraining.be">, <url url="http://www.aragne.com/">, <url url="http://mind.be/">, <url url="http://life.be/">, IBM, SGI
</itemize>
<item> Integrate <htmlurl url="http://linbel.iguana.be/" name="LinBel"> some more (should have done this a long time ago)
<item> Describe possible ways to get a cheap recent Linux-distribution in your neighbourhood
<item> Add details about how to get Ispell-software for your own language
<item> Add information about translating programs
<item> Add more information about ADSL/DANA
<item> Translate it to <htmlurl url="http://www.docbook.org/" name="DocBook DTD">
<item> Link it from inside the Linux.be website at <url url="http://linux.iguana.be/"> (database-driven)
</itemize>
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
<sect>
<heading>Configuration</heading>
<sect1>
<heading>Keyboard setup</heading>
<p>
Linux provides 2 ways to set up your keyboard. At the console you can use
<tt>loadkeys</tt> and under XFree86 you can use <tt>xmodmap</tt>.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Console</heading>
<p>
To use the keytable for a Belgian keyboard you can use
<verb>
loadkeys be2-latin1
</verb>
or
<verb>
loadkeys be-latin1
</verb>
The only difference between the two is that be2-latin1 add support for
twosuperior and threesuperior (keycode 41) and grave (keycode 43).
</p>
<p>
Usually <tt>loadkeys</tt> is started at boottime from the scripts located
somewhere in <em>/etc/rc.d</em> Different distributions handle it
differentely. But most distributions have a simple program (like
<tt>kbdconfig</tt> in RedHat or <tt>yast</tt> in SuSE) to change the
scripts.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>XFree86</heading>
<p>
To set your keyboard properly under XFree86 you've got more choices. By
running <tt>Xconfigurator</tt> (or a similar program) a config-file for
XFree86 is created (with some standard content). This file is called
<em>XF86Config</em> and is usually located in <em>/etc</em> or
<em>/etc/X11</em>
</p>
<p>
Make sure (and change otherwise) that something similar to this is given
under the <tt>Keyboard Section</tt>.
<verb>
Section "Keyboard"
Protocol "Standard"
XkbRules "xfree86"
XkbModel "pc101"
XkbLayout "be"
EndSection
</verb>
</p>
<p>
If you own a 'microsoft' keyboard (or the less-known penguin keyboards ;p)
you can enable those extra 3 keys by changing the <tt>"pc101"</tt> into
<tt>"pc104"</tt>. (I use the extra keys as meta-keys in my windowmanager so
some shortcuts doesn't conflict with the internal ones of my wm).
</p>
<p>
To get the AltGr key to work under XFree86 simply add in the
<tt>Keyboard Section:</tt>
<verb>
RightAlt ModeShift
</verb>
</p>
<p>
To get some key-combinations working under X11, you might want to change in
file <em>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/be</em>:
<verb>
key <AD11> { [ dead_circumflex, diaeresis ],
[ bracketleft ] };
key <AC11> { [ ugrave, percent ],
[ quoteright ] };
key <BKSL> { [ mu, sterling ],
[ quoteleft ] };
key <AB10> { [ equal, plus ],
[ asciitilde ] };
</verb>
by
<verb>
key <AD11> { [ dead_circumflex, dead_diaeresis ],
[ bracketleft ] };
key <AC11> { [ ugrave, percent ],
[ dead_acute ] };
key <BKSL> { [ mu, sterling ],
[ dead_grave ] };
key <AB10> { [ equal, plus ],
[ dead_tilde ] };
</verb>
</p>
<p>
Some people prefer to use a 'compose'-key to enter their special characters, like:
<verb>
<compose>'e => &eacute;
<compose>/o => &oslash;
<compose>c, => &ccedil;
<compose>co => &copy;
<compose>ss => &szlig;
</verb>
Solution:
<verb>
xmodmap -e "keycode xx = Multi_key"
</verb>
or
<verb>
xmodmap -e "keysym yy = Multi_key"
</verb>
and 'xx' is the keycode and 'yy' the kesym of the key you choose to be the 'compose'-key.
(use <tt>xev</tt> to get these values)
Alternatively you can add
<verb>
keycode xx = Multi_key
</verb>
to your <em>~/.xmodmaprc</em>. This way it happens automagically.
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Display and applications</heading>
<p>
Some applications have to be compiled as 8-bit clean to work well with the
European characterset. Others like to be told in advance.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Using the ISO-8859-1 font in console</heading>
<p>
You can load the ISO-8859-1 font by typing the following in console:
<verb>
setfont lat1u-16.psf
mapscrn trivial
echo -ne '\033(K'
</verb>
</p>
<p>
To be able to use &euml;, &egrave;, &eacute; or &ccedil; in console, you
might want to add these to your <em>~/.inputrc</em>:
<verb>
set meta-flag on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on
</verb>
(this must be done for every user, if you want this to be default for all
users you can either add this file to <em>/etc/skel/</em> or you could add
these lines to <em>/etc/inputrc</em> and add the following line to
<em>/etc/bashrc</em>,
<verb>
export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
</verb>
)
</p>
<p>
<bf>Note:</bf> this is only useful to programs that use readline (like bash)
Also set the following environment variables:
<verb>
LC_CTYPE=iso-8859-1
SYSFONT=lat1u-16.psf
SYSTERM=linux
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Support for the Euro symbol</heading>
<p>
Since Europe had to invent a new character, the Euro, there's a new
standard. It's called ISO-8859-15 (aka Latin-9 or Latin-0). To add support
you need both a new font and new keymaps. This is part of every major
distribution nowadays, if you have an older distributions you probably
need a newer <tt>console-tools</tt> package.
</p>
<p>
The changes in the keymap-file consist of the following lines:
<verb>
keycode 18 = +e +E currency
keycode 46 = +c +C cent
</verb>
And the following environment-variable should be set:
<verb>
SYSFONT=lat0-16.psf
</verb>
to make sure you're using the right font.
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Time zone</heading>
<p>
Since Belgium is located in the Central European Time zone (aka MET) which
(in the winter) is equivalent to the Greenwhich Mean Time plus 1 (GMT+1),
you can simply link <em>/usr/lib/zoneinfo/localtime/MET</em> to
<em>/etc/localtime</em> symbolicly like:
<verb>
ln -sf /usr/lib/zoneinfo/MET /etc/localtime
</verb>
or
<verb>
ln -sf /usr/lib/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime
</verb>
This automagically sets Daylight Savings (which is GMT+2 in the summer).
</p>
<p>
<bf>Note:</bf> that different distributions have different paths, zoneinfo
can be located in <em>/usr/share</em> or such...
<bf>Note2:</bf> RedHat uses a tool called <tt>timeconfig</tt>, SuSE uses
<tt>yast</tt>
</p>
<p>
To change the CMOS clock and then synchronize the system time with the CMOS
clock, do something like this:
<verb>
hwclock --set --date="Feb 25 03:38"
clock -u -s
</verb>
If your clock is set to local time (which is discouraged but if you have
other OS's installed a must), you can do:
<verb>
hwclock --set --date="Feb 25 04:38"
clock -s
</verb>
[Noticed the 1 hour difference ? ;p]
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Locale support</heading>
<p>
Not much programs support locale yet, if you want to know more about locale
or how to write your own programs to support it, check: [put the damn url
here ;p]
</p>
<p>
Be aware that locale makes it harder to resolve problems as less people can
help you !! You might understand a problem when it's in technical English,
but what if it's translated in some obscure French ?!? Some obviously won't
understand both. ;p
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Dutch</heading>
<p>
To enable support for the Dutch locale in Belgium on a system with locale
support you just have to set the following environment variables:
<verb>
LANG=nl
LANGUAGE=nl_BE
</verb>
Try <tt>nl_BE.ISO_8859-1</tt> if <tt>nl_BE</tt> does not work.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>French</heading>
<p>
If you want French locale support in Belgium, set the following environment
variabels:
<verb>
LANG=fr
LANGUAGE=fr_BE
</verb>
Try <tt>fr_BE.ISO_8859-1</tt> if <tt>fr_BE</tt> does not work.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>German</heading>
<p>
If you want instead German locale support in Belgium, set the following
environment variabels:
<verb>
LANG=de
LANGUAGE=de_BE
</verb>
Try <tt>de_BE.ISO_8859-1</tt> if <tt>de_BE</tt> does not work.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Walloon</heading>
<p>
For Walloon locale support you can find files and information at:
<url url="http://www.linuxi18n.org/locales/walon/">. To use it set:
<verb>
LANG=wa
LANGUAGE=wa_BE:fr_BE
</verb>
Try <tt>wa_BE.ISO_8859-1</tt> if <tt>wa_BE</tt> does not work.
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Native language support and codepages</heading>
<p>
These options add support for the Belgian characterset and codepages. If
you'd like to have these, compile a kernel with these options put on. They
only apply to some filesystems (FAT-based, ISO9660, ...).
<verb>
< > Codepage 850 (Europe)
< > NLS ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages)
< > NLS ISO 8859-15 (Latin 9; Western European Languages with Euro)
</verb>
Located in <tt>Filesystems</tt> > <tt>Native Language Support</tt>
</p>
<p>
If your kernel is a modular kernel that came with your distribution
(=you never compiled a kernel before), then you might want to type:
<verb>
insmod nls_cp850
insmod nls_iso8859_1
insmod nls_iso8859_15
</verb>
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
<sect>
<heading>Setting up Internet (Belgian ISP information)</heading>
<sect1>
<heading>Dialing in with your modem (PPP)</heading>
<p>
To configure PPP correctly, you should check the
<url url="http://www.interweft.com.au/other/ppp-howto/ppp-howto.html" name="PPP-HOWTO">.
I try to explain it briefly, but if you have any questions or problems, read
the HOWTO very carefully.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Configuring the modem</heading>
<p>
To configure your modem, you can alter the initstring of your modem. To
learn more about your modem, check
<url url="http://www.spy.net/~dustin/modem/" name="Ask Mr. Modem">.
</p>
<p>
<bf>Beware</bf>: if you have a winmodem you will probably not get it to
work. More information about winmodems is at:
<url url="http://linmodems.org/">. Work is underway, but winmodems are
not as good as <em>real</em> modems.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Installing pppd</heading>
<p>
Now, you need to have the ppp-package installed (check this by typing
<tt>pppd --version</tt>), make sure you have a recent one. Then you have to
make sure you've got these files:
</p>
<p>
<em>/usr/local/bin/ppp</em>
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
on|start)
TELEPHONE='555-1212' # The telephone number for the connection
ACCOUNT='your_login' # The account name for logon (as in 'George Burns')
PASSWORD='your_pass' # The password for this account (and 'Gracie Allen')
INITSTRING='AT&amp;F&amp;C1&amp;D2Z'# Modem initstring
IPLOCAL=0.0.0.0 # Local IP address if known. Dynamic = 0.0.0.0
IPREMOTE=0.0.0.0 # Remote IP address if desired. Normally 0.0.0.0
DEVICE=/dev/ttyS1 # Serial Device com1=ttyS0, com2=ttyS1,...
SPEED=57600 # 19200, 38400 or 57600 (don't try something different)
export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD INITSTRING
exec /usr/sbin/pppd $DEVICE $SPEED $IPLOCAL:$IPREMOTE \
user $ACCOUNT connect /etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer
;;
off|stop)
if [ -r /var/run/ppp0.pid ]; then
kill -INT `cat /var/run/ppp0.pid`
if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]; then
rm -f /var/run/ppp0.pid
echo "ERROR: Removed stale pid file"
exit 1
fi
exit 0
fi
echo "ERROR: PPP link is not active on ppp0"
exit 1
;;
info|status)
/usr/sbin/pppstats
;;
*)
echo "Usage: ppp on|off|info|start|stop|status";
;;
esac
</verb>
</p>
<p>
<em>/etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer</em>
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/sbin/chat -v \
REPORT CONNECTION \
REPORT CARRIER \
TIMEOUT 10 \
ABORT '\nBUSY\r' \
ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r' \
ABORT '\nNO CARRIER\r' \
ABORT '\nNO DIALTONE\r' \
ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r' \
ABORT 'Invalid Login' \
ABORT 'Login incorrect' \
'' "\r$INITSTRING\r" \
'OK-+++\c-OK' 'ATH0' \
TIMEOUT 45 \
OK "ATDT$TELEPHONE" \
CONNECT '\d\c' \
ogin:--ogin: "$ACCOUNT" \
ord: "$PASSWORD"
</verb>
You can remove the <tt>-v</tt> once everything looks normal.
</p>
<p>
The pppd command uses <em>/etc/ppp/options</em> to list its options, change
these options to whatever fits. These defaults normally work in most cases.
<verb>
asyncmap 20a0000
crtscts
debug
default-mru
defaultroute
detach
escape 11,13,ff
hide-password
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
lcp-echo-failure 4
lcp-echo-interval 400
lock
modem
mtu 1500
netmask 255.255.255.0
noipdefault
passive
#idle 300
#kdebug 0
#-vj
</verb>
Once dialing in works like a charm, you can leave <tt>debug</tt> out.
</p>
<p>
<bf>Beware:</bf> it is important to emphasize that every special character,
thus every character that is not [a-ZA-Z0-9] and '_', should be escaped by
preceding it with a '\'-character. Thus "e!b$l+" would become "e\!b\$l\+".
Try it if you are having troubles !
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>pap-secrets / chap-secrets</heading>
<p>
If your ISP requires CHAP or PAP, you need one of these files with their
proper username and password:
</p>
<p>
<em>/etc/ppp/pap-secrets</em> or <em>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</em>
<verb>
#client server secret IP
your_login * your_pass *
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Network</heading>
<p>
To configure your nameservers, change <em>/etc/resolv.conf</em>. If dialing
in is succesfull, but you can't get it to connect to URL's: this is probably
the cause.
<verb>
domain domain_of_your_isp
nameserver your_primary_nameserver
nameserver your_secondary_nameserver
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>File permissions</heading>
<p>
Before you can run a (shell)script, it must be set executable. Be sure
that you set the permissions so that other users cannot see the passwords
stored in the files. If you want other users to be able to dial in, you
might want to consider using <tt>sudo</tt>. You might want to do the
following:
<verb>
chmod u+rw og-rwx -R /etc/ppp
chmod u+x /etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer /usr/local/bin/ppp
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Dial + Hangup</heading>
<p>
Then if <em>/usr/local/bin</em> is in your <tt>PATH</tt>, you can easily
dial in with:
<verb>
ppp on
</verb>
and hangup with:
<verb>
ppp off
</verb>
and to get some statistics, you do:
<verb>
ppp status
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>ISP-dependant information</heading>
<p>
<descrip>
<tag>Digibel:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.119.240.62
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.digibel.org/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://support.digibel.be/linuxsup.htm">
</descrip>
<tag>DMA:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 195.13.24.1
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.dma.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://bewoner.dma.be/robvdw/ned/dma-nl.txt">
</descrip>
<tag>FreeBel:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.149.160.9, 194.149.160.1
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.freebel.net/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Tiscalinet (Freegates):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based ?
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 212.35.2.1, 212.35.2.2
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.freegates.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>KPN Belgium (Eunet):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based
<tag>Extra options:</tag> proxyarp
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 193.74.208.135
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.kpnbelgium.be/internet/index.asp?ID=3&amp;REF=EUnet">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://www.kpnbelgium.be/support/Support.asp?ID=3&amp;SupportID=11">
</descrip>
<tag>Online / TijdNet:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based / PAP
<tag>Extra options:</tag> noccp
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 62.112.0.7, 194.88.127.7
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.online.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Ping:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.ping.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://www.ping.be/Support/redhat.shtml">
</descrip>
<tag>Planet Internet:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.119.232.3, 194.119.232.2
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.planetinternet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Skynet (Belgacom):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Extra options:</tag> defaultroute
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 195.238.2.21, 195.238.2.22
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.skynet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>UUNet:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.7.1.4, 194.7.15.70
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.uunet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
</descrip>
<tag>VT4:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.vt4.net/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>Wanadoo (Euronet):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> text-based / PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 195.74.193.12, 194.134.0.12
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.euronet.be/"> <url url="http://www.wanadoo.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://www.euronet.be/support/uk/linux/">
</descrip>
<!-- ogin: en ord: mogen NIET voorkomen in chat-script-->
<!-- options noauth nodig bij worldonline ?-->
<tag>World Online:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 212.233.1.34, 212.233.2.34
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.worldonline.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
<tag>XS4ALL:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> PAP
<tag>Nameservers:</tag> 194.109.6.66, 194.109.9.99
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.xs4all.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://pws1.xs4all.be/~helpdesk/new/linux/linuxconnect.html">
</descrip>
<tag>Yucom:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Authentication:</tag> CHAP
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.yucom.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official Linux support yet
</descrip>
</descrip>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Dialing in with your ISDN-modem</heading>
<!--
uunet: geen chap of pap, normale chat-procedure, hdlc met packetsize 1024
skynet: pap
-->
<p>
<bf>
Contributed by Christophe Lambin
<htmlurl url="mailto:clambin@skynet.be" name="clambin@skynet.be">
</bf>
</p>
<p>
This section does not aim to be a definitive guide on ISDN for Linux. For a
more detailed discussion on the topic, see
<htmlurl url="http://www.wurtel.demon.nl/" name="Paul Slootman's ISDN4Linux HOWTO">
and <htmlurl url="http://www.isdn4linux.de/faq/" name="ISDN4Linux-FAQ">.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Updating the kernel</heading>
<p>
If you're using a 2.2 kernel, it's recommended to get an updated version of
the ISDN code. You can retrieve the CVS at
<url url="ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/isdn4linux/">.
For more information, check:
<url url="http://www.brisse.dk/site/linux/docs/isdn.htm">
</p>
<p>
<bf>Warning:</bf> if you've recently purchased an Eicon Diva 2.0 PCI (eg,
via Belgacom), there's a good chance you've actually got a Diva 2.01.In
this case, you must get a version dated 1 July 1999 or later !
</p>
<p>
Once the ISDN is in place, you can start up the driver. Eg:
<verb>
modprobe hisax type=11 protocol=2
</verb>
Refer to the Readme's for the right parameters and values for your card.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>ISDN4Linux toolkit</heading>
<p>
Next, you'll need the ISDN4Linux toolkit. You can retrieve the latest
version of the toolkit at: <url url="ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/isdn4linux/">
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Configuring the interface</heading>
<p>
With the tools installed and configured, write a script to configure the
interface, to be used for the ISDN connection. As always in Linux, there's
no one correct way of doing this. I've put these in a script
</p>
<p>
<em>/etc/rc.d/rc.isdn</em>:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
MSNREMOTE='555-1212' # Phone number of ISP
MSNLOCAL='555-1313' # my number, without 0, with areacode
ACCOUNT='george' # The account for logon (as 'George Burns')
IPLOCAL=10.0.0.2 # my fixed IP (use 10.0.0.2 if no fixed)
IPREMOTE=0.0.0.0 # IP number of ISP
INTERFACE=ippp0
/sbin/modprobe hisax type=11 protocol=2
/sbin/isdnctrl verbose 3 system on
/sbin/isdnctrl addif $IF
/sbin/isdnctrl secure $IF on
/sbin/isdnctrl addphone $IF out $MSNREMOTE
/sbin/isdnctrl eaz $IF $MSNLOCAL
/sbin/isdnctrl huptimeout $IF 300
/sbin/isdnctrl l2_prot $IF hdlc
/sbin/isdnctrl l3_prot $IF trans
/sbin/isdnctrl encap $IF syncppp
# /sbin/isdnctrl dialmode $IF auto
/sbin/ifconfig $IF $IPLOCAL pointopoint $IPREMOTE -arp -broadcast
/sbin/ipppd /dev/ippp0 user $ACCOUNT $IPLOCAL:$IPREMOTE
</verb>
</p>
<p>
To start this at boot time, make it executable and append the following to
<em>/etc/rc.d/rc.local</em>:
<verb>
if [ -x /etc/rc.d/rc.isdn ]; then
. /etc/rc.d/rc.isdn
fi
</verb>
</p>
<p>
The ipppd command gets its parameters passed through a file,
<em>/etc/ppp/ioptions</em>:
<verb>
-ac
-bsdcomp
debug
defaultroute
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
mru 1524
mtu 1500
noipdefault
-pc
useifip
-vj
-vjccomp
#idle 360
#persistent
</verb>
</p>
<p>
<bf>Warning:</bf> do NOT specify +pap or +chap in this file. This specifies
the authentication that ipppd should use for an INCOMING client. If you were
to use this to connect to your ISP, ipppd would wait for the ISP to
authenticate itself using the specified protocol.
</p>
<p>
<bf>Beware:</bf> it is important to emphasize that every special character,
thus every character that is not [a-ZA-Z0-9] and '_' should be escaped by
preceding it with a '\'-character. Thus 'e!b$l+' would become 'e\!b\$l\+'.
Try it if you are having troubles !
</p>
<p>
Finally, create <em>/etc/ppp/ip-down.local</em> to handle the shutdown of
the interface:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
/sbin/ifconfig $1 down
sleep 1
/sbin/ifconfig $1 10.0.0.2 pointopoint
</verb>
</p>
<p>
<bf>Note:</bf> this is to handle some problems with routes on shutdowns.
Anyone know of a clean(er) solution ?
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>pap-secrets / chap-secrets</heading>
<p>
If your ISP uses PAP or CHAP, create a file <em>/etc/ppp/pap-secrets</em>
or <em>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</em>. Its format is:
<verb>
#client server secret IP
your_login * your_pass *
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Network</heading>
<p>
Not really related to ISDN, but a lot of people forget this step (too eager
to try out all the stuff they typed in above ? :-)).
</p>
<p>
Anyway, you need to configure the DNS, by creating a file
<em>/etc/resolv.conf</em>:
<verb>
domain your_domain_of_your_isp
nameserver your_primary_nameserver
nameserver your_secondary_nameserver
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>File permissions</heading>
<p>
Before you can run a (shell)script, it must be set executable. Be sure
that you set the permissions so that other users cannot see the passwords
stored in the files. If you want other users to be able to dial in, you
might want to consider using <tt>sudo</tt>. You might want to do the
following:
<verb>
chmod u+rw og-rwx -r /etc/ppp
chmod u+x /etc/rc.d/rc.isdn /etc/ppp/ip.down-local /usr/local/bin/isdn
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Dial + Hangup</heading>
<p>
Finally, you can write a little wrapper to start and stop the ISDN
connection. I've put this as <em>/usr/local/bin/isdn</em>:
<verb>
#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
on|start)
/sbin/isdnctrl dial ippp0
;;
off|stop)
/sbin/isdnctrl hangup ippp0
;;
info|status)
/sbin/isdnctrl list ippp0
;;
*)
echo "Usage: isdn on|off|info|start|stop|status"
;;
esac
</verb>
</p>
<p>
Then if <em>/usr/local/bin</em> is in your <tt>PATH</tt>, you can easily
dial in with:
<verb>
isdn on
</verb>
and hangup with:
<verb>
isdn off
</verb>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Cablemodem (DHCP)</heading>
<p>
DHCP was designed to make life easier, and most of the times it does ;) More
information to set up your DHCP client can be found at:
<url url="http://www.oswg.org/oswg-nightly/DHCP.html"> and a list of
Frequently Asked Questions at: <url url="http://web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/comfaqs/dhcp.faq.html">
which describes everything you need to know. Along with the information
in the Cable-Modem HOWTO
(<url url="http://www.oswg.org/oswg-nightly/Cable-Modem.html">).
</p>
<p>
Lots of people want to connect a whole network to their cablemodem, that's
not a problem. You'll need IP-Masquerading
(<url url="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/IP-Masquerade-HOWTO.html">)
and make sure the interface (that speaks to the cablemodem) has the right
MAC-address !! Another solution (in case of problems) is to reset your
cablemodem.
</p>
<p>
<descrip>
<tag>UPC Belgium (Chello/TVD):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.chello.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>More information:</tag> <url url="http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/tvd_linux/">
</descrip>
<tag>Pandora (Telenet):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Automatic proxy:</tag> http://pac.pandora.be:8080
<tag>HTTP proxy:</tag> export http_proxy="http://proxy.pandora.be:8080/"
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.pandora.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>More information:</tag> <url url="http://users.pandora.be/de.boeve/pandora.html">
</descrip>
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>ADSL</heading>
<p>
<descrip>
<tag>Easynet:</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.easynet.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> <url url="http://support.easynet.be/">
</descrip>
</descrip>
<descrip>
<tag>Turboline (Belgacom):</tag>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.turboline.be/">
<tag>Support:</tag> no official support yet
<tag>More information:</tag> <url url="http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/turboline/"> and <url url="http://minf.vub.ac.be/~fquestie/turbo/">
</descrip>
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
<sect>
<heading>Belgian Linux user groups</heading>
<p>
More information can be found in the User Group HOWTO located at:
<url url="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/User-Group-HOWTO.html">
A complete list of Linux User Groups is at:
<url url="http://www.ssc.com/linux/glue/">
and at:
<url url="http://limestone.uoregon.edu/woven/lugww/">
</p>
<sect1>
<heading>ALLIN Linux User Group</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Mechelbaan 260
B-3130 Begijnendijk
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:allin@linuxfreak.com" name="allin@linuxfreak.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://come.to/allin/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Paul Terweduwe <htmlurl url="mailto:paul@faes.be" name="paul@faes.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 13 April 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Antwerp Linux User Group (ALUG)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Van Luppenstraat 70
B-2018 Antwerp
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 3 218 63 54
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:fv.alug@advalvas.be" name="fv.alug@advalvas.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://sunsite.belnet.be/alug/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Patrick Op de Beeck <htmlurl url="mailto:alug@pandora.be" name="alug@pandora.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 26 December 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Brussels Linux User Group (BeLUGa)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Brussels Linux User Group (BeLUGa)
Infogroep, Building F, room 218
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Pleinlaan 2
B-1050 Brussel
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:johanb@linux.rave.org" name="johanb@linux.rave.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://linux.rave.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>HCC Limburgse Linux Gebruikers Groep (HLLGG)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
HCC Limburgse Linux Gebruikers Groep
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:Linuxgg@hotmail.com" name="Linuxgg@hotmail.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.uunet.be/hcc/Limburg/Linuxgg">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Andy Peeters &amp; Bruno Tony
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 31 May 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>HCC Linux Gebruikers Groep Leuven</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Diegemstraat 61
B-1930 Zaventem
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:Yvo.Dries@village.uunet.be" name="Yvo.Dries@village.uunet.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.uunet.be/hcc/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Yvo Dries <htmlurl url="mailto:Yvo.Dries@village.uunet.be" name="Yvo.Dries@village.uunet.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 2 August 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Independent Group of Unix-Alikes and Network Activists (IGUANA)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Milcampslaan 101
B-1040 Schaarbeek
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 2 657 77 36
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 2 657 77 38
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@iguana.be" name="info@iguana.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.iguana.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 5 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Infogroep (IGWE)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Pleinlaan 2, 5F218 (building F)
B-1050 Brussels
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 2 629 33 56
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 2 629 33 89
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:ig@igwe.vub.ac.be" name="ig@igwe.vub.ac.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://igwe.vub.ac.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 6 July 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Leuvense Linux Users (L2U)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Leuvense Linux Users (L2U)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:darkcompanion@village.uunet.be" name="darkcompanion@village.uunet.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://l2u.iguana.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 28 November 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Limburgse Linux User Group (LILUG)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Limburgse Linux User Group (LILUG)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:frank.eersels@ping.be" name="frank.eersels@ping.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://lilug.linuxatwork.at/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Frank Eersels <htmlurl url="mailto:frank.eersels@ping.be" name="frank.eersels@ping.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 6 May 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux.be vzw/asbl</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Linux.be vzw/asbl
Non-proft organization to promote Linux in Belgium
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@linux.iguana.be" name="info@linux.iguana.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://linux.iguana.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 23 September 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux Belgian Team</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Rue d'Aineffe 4
B-4317 Borlez Faimes
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:manu@rtfm.be" name="manu@rtfm.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://linux.rtfm.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Alexandre J.D. Dulaunoy <htmlurl url="mailto:adulau@rtfm.be" name="adulau@rtfm.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux Gebruikers Oost-Vlaanderen (LGOVL)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Linux Gebruikers Oost-Vlaanderen
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:dennis@lgovl.freeservers.com" name="dennis@lgovl.freeservers.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://lgovl.freeservers.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux User Group De Bruxelles (BxLUG)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Linux User Group De Bruxelles (BxLUG)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:bxl_information@linuxbe.org" name="bxl_information@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://bxlug.linuxbe.org/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Raphael Bauduin <htmlurl url="mailto:bxl_information@linuxbe.org" name="bxl_information@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 17 July 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux User Group De Namur</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Linux User Group De Namur
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:namur@linuxbe.org" name="namur@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://namur.linuxbe.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 17 July 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux User Group Mons</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Linux User Group Mons
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:mailto:webmaster@linuxwallonie.org" name="webmaster@linuxwallonie.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.linuxwallonie.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 26 May 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Linux User Movement Underground Mad Belgian Aliens (LUMUMBA)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Universiteitslaan 1, Filii Lamberti
3590 Diepenbeek
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:helpdesk@lumumba.luc.ac.be" name="helpdesk@lumumba.luc.ac.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://lumumba.luc.ac.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>linuxbe.org</heading>
<p>
<verb>
linuxbe.org
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:team@linuxbe.org" name="team@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://linuxbe.org/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Cedric Gavage <htmlurl url="mailto:niddle@linuxbe.org" name="niddle@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 7 February 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Louvain-Li-nux (LLN)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Louvain-Li-nux (LLN)
Louvain-la-neuve Linux User Group
Place des paniers 5/014
B-1348 Louvain-La-neuve
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 10 45 47 61
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:lln@udev.org" name="lln@udev.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://lln.udev.org/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Benjamin Henrion <htmlurl url="mailto:benjamin.henrion@linuxbe.org" name="benjamin.henrion@linuxbe.org">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Open Technology Assembly Linux Special Interest Group</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Kruipstraat 14
B-1850 Grimbergen
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 11 27 58 98
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 11 27 03 89
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@ota.be" name="info@ota.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.ota.be/sigs/linux/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Jan Vanhercke <htmlurl url="mailto:jan.vanhercke@c-cure.be" name="jan.vanhercke@c-cure.be">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 4 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Python Blanc Blue Belge (P3B)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Python Blanc Blue Belge (P3B)
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.p3b.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Student Information Networking (SIN)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Kleinhoefstraat 4
B-2440 Geel
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:sin@sin.khk.be" name="sin@sin.khk.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.sin.khk.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 12 June 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>TINA</heading>
<p>
<verb>
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Contact:</tag> Tina gebruikers <htmlurl url="mailto:vraagtina@digibel.org" name="vraagtina@digibel.org">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://tina.digibel.org/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Unix Lovers Yield Student Services &amp; Internet Support (ULYSSIS)</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Blijde Inkomsstraat 21, lokaal 01.17
B-3000 Leuven
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 16 32 48 61
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:ulyssis@ulyssis.student.kuleuven.ac.be" name="ulyssis@ulyssis.student.kuleuven.ac.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.ulyssis.student.kuleuven.ac.be/org/ulyssis/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Zeus WPI - Werkgroep Informatica RUG</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Krijgslaan 281 S9
B-9000 Gent
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 09 264 47 51
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@zeus.rug.ac.be" name="info@zeus.rug.ac.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.zeus.rug.ac.be/">
<tag>Comment:</tag> Restricted to RUG students
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 22 June 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
<sect>
<heading>Belgian Linux businesses</heading>
<p>
The Linux Documentation Project contains worldwide lists of Linux
businesses, Linux Consultants HOWTO and V.A.R. HOWTO, and can be found at:
<url url="http://www.linuxports.com/">.
</p>
<sect1>
<heading>aDOC Services</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Avenue du Pesage, 31-33
B-1050 Brussels
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 2 646 00 76
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:sales@adoc-services.com" name="sales@adoc-services.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.adoc-services.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Arafox</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Avenue Joseph Wybranlaan 40
B-1070 Brussels
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 2 529 59 91
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 2 529 59 92
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@arafox.com" name="info@arafox.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.arafox.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 11 February 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Aragne</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Aragne
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:contact@aragne.com" name="contact@aragne.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.aragne.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 15 October 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Better Access N.V.</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Geldenaakse Vest 6
3000 Leuven
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 16 29 80 45
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 16 29 80 46
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@ba.be" name="info@ba.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.ba.be/">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> After an onsite installation, we mainly support our customers with SSH remote administration. Most problems are reported by E-mail or by the inhouse-developped webbased supportsystem. This doesn't mean that once in a while a supportcall comes in.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> Security, systemadministration and setups, security (firewalling, tigerteaming, VPN, etc.) Networkdesign, wireless networking, Troubleshooting, product development, etc. Please visit http://www.ba.be for more info.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 7 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>BIOS Consulting sa/nv</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Ch<43>e de Neerstalle 240
B-1190 Bruxelles
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 (0)2 376 61 97
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 (0)2 376 23 99
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@biosconsulting.com" name="info@biosconsulting.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.biosconsulting.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 27 June 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>D. Connect</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Av. Van Goidtsnoven 33
B-1180 Uccle
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:webmaster@dconnect.be" name="webmaster@dconnect.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.dconnect.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Double Barrel Consultancy and Productions </heading>
<p>
<verb>
Sportstraat 28
B-9000 Gent
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 9 222 77 64
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 9 222 49 76
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:mvergall@double-barrel.be" name="mvergall@double-barrel.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.double-barrel.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Michael C. Vergallen <htmlurl url="mailto:mvergall@double-barrel.be" name="mvergall@double-barrel.be">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> phone, email remote network admin, inhouse, onsite.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> installation, system admin. internet and intranet connectivity, sendmail, firewalls, proxys, nameservers, troubleshooting software &amp; hardware.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 5 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>grmbl productions</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Korte Vuldersstraat
B-8000 Brugge
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 50 344366
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@grmbl.com" name="info@grmbl.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.grmbl.com/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 2 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>LIFE bvba</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Mgr. Vanwaeyenberglaan 6/10
B-3000 Leuven
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 477 57 50 71
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@life.be" name="info@life.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.life.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Jasper Nuyens <htmlurl url="mailto:jasper@life.be" name="jasper@life.be">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> LIFE is the first company in Europe to provide 24/7 professional support for Linux in Europe. LIFE also provides server and desktop installation services, educational services and fixed price development. Exclusive on the Linux operating system.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> Kernel driver development, database interconnectivity (VPN, wireless networking), security auditing (firewall, VPN, ethical hacking), e-commerce. See our website for more.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 20 April 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Mind Linux Solutions</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Vaartstraat 12
B-3000 Leuven
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 (0)16 309 666 or +32 (0)478 274 069
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 (0)16 309 644
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@mind.be" name="info@mind.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://mind.be/">
<tag>Contact:</tag>
Peter Vandenabeele <htmlurl url="mailto:peter@mind.be" name="peter@mind.be">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> Installation &amp; configuration, auditing &amp; consultancy, support &amp; maintenance, training &amp; education, research &amp; development.
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> We are specialised in installing Linux servers for various purposes (Web-, File-, Print- or Mailservers, Routers, Firewalls, VPN, ...) in heterogenous networks. We provide support and training for Linux and Open Source products and we develop custom Linux solutions for our customers.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 23 April 2000.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Phidani Software SPRL</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Rue de l'autonomie 1
B-1070 Brussels
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@phidani.be" name="info@phidani.be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.phidani.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 25 February 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Spier BVBA</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Knaptandstraat 96-98
B-9100 Sint-Niklaas
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:info@spier.be" name="info@spier,be">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.spier.be/">
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 02 March 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>VirgoPlus sprl</heading>
<p>
<verb>
Rue Dartois 1
B-4000 Li&egrave;ge
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag>Phone:</tag> +32 4 253 00 59
<tag>Fax:</tag> +32 4 253 00 49
<tag>Email:</tag> <htmlurl url="mailto:contact@virgoplus.com" name="contact@virgoplus.com">
<tag>Web:</tag> <url url="http://www.virgoplus.com/">
<tag>Contact:</tag> Bruno Mairlot <htmlurl url="mailto:bruno@virgoplus.com" name="bruno@virgoplus.com">
<tag>Type of support:</tag> By phone, email, or remote networked administration, inhouse, onsite
<tag>Special expertise:</tag> Installation, configuration, administration of Linux, internet connection, intranet developpment, firewalls, samba, netatalk, firewalls, proxys, DNS, web server (Apache), mod_perl, MySQL, Gui interface developpment (GTK+).
We have acquired a special expertise with the Red Hat distributions.
<tag>Last modified:</tag> 28 June 1999.
</descrip>
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
<sect>
<heading>Belgian Linux resources</heading>
<sect1>
<heading>Websites</heading>
<sect2>
<heading>Linux in Belgium</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://linbel.iguana.be/" name="Linux in Belgium">
<item><url url="http://dag.mind.be/howto/Belgian-HOWTO.html" name="Belgian HOWTO">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Dutch Linux-sites</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://nl.linux.org/doc/">
<item><url url="http://doc.nllgg.nl/products/" name="Nederlandstalige Linux Documentatie Project">
<item><url url="http://www.linux-nl.cx/" name="Linux Support Website">
<item><url url="http://www.mech.kuleuven.ac.be/%7Ebruyninc/etos/" name="EToS: Educatieve Toepassingen van Open Software">
<item><url url="http://user.online.be/~koendb/linux_beginners.html" name="Beginnen met Linux">
<item><url url="http://user.online.be/~koendb/redhat.html" name="Installatie Handleiding RedHat 5.2">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>French Linux-sites</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://linuxbe.org/" name="LinuxBe.Org">
<item><url url="http://club.euronet.be/dany.vanderroost/howto.html" name="Belgian HOWTO in french">
<item><url url="http://portail.linuxbe.org/" name="Portail LinuxBe.Org">
<item><url url="http://www.linux-france.org/" name="linux-france.org">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Mirrors in Belgium</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="http://be.eu.mirrors.freshmeat.net/" name="Freshmeat at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="http://winbe.linuxberg.com/" name="Linuxberg at Wallonie Internet">
<item><url url="http://online.linuxberg.com/" name="Linuxberg at Online">
<item><url url="http://pandora.linuxberg.com/" name="Linuxberg at Pandora (Telenet)">
<item><url url="http://sunsite.belnet.be/alug/ftp_mirrors/linux_gazette/" name="Linux Gazette at Belnet">
<item><url url="http://linuxgazette.linuxbe.org" name="Linux Gazette at Linuxbe">
<item><url url="http://linuxfocus.linuxbe.org" name="LinuxFocus">
<item><url url="http://linux-france.linuxbe.org" name="Linux France">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>HOWTO</heading>
<p>
The most important collection of Linux information on the net. Please if you
encounter erroneous information in one of them, do contact the author. Only
that way it will be corrected and we all stand together ;)
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Web</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="http://venus.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at KULeuven">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.linkline.be/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at LinkLine">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.double-barrel.be/linux_web/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at Double-Barrel">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.sin.khk.be/mirror/LDP/" name="HOWTO's at SIN">
<item><htmlurl url="http://ldp.linuxbe.org/" name="HOWTO's at Linuxbe.org">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>FTP</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/INDEX.html" name="HOWTO's at Belnet">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>HOWTO translations</heading>
<p>
As Dutch is less wide-spread, it is the least supported. But work is being
done to resolve this ;) (and maybe *you* can help ?!?) French and German
translations obviously are already taken care of.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Dutch</heading>
<p>
A succesfull initiative is making progress, but there's still a lot to do.
If you want to help, start translating and send it there. Check:
<url url="http://nl.linux.org/doc/HOWTO/">.
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>French</heading>
<p>
French translations of HOWTO's can be found at:
<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/french/">
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>German</heading>
<p>
German translations of HOWTO's can be found at:
<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/german/">
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>FTP</heading>
<p>
Most of the times, it doesn't matter where you got it from, as long as it
works. But to save you some time and save us some bandwidth, it's much better
to get it near you ;) Naturally I forgot some, please send your additions or
corrections.
</p>
<sect2>
<heading>Kernel-sources</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.be.kernel.org/" name="Official Mirror kernel-sources at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.kernel.org/" name="Mirror kernel-sources at linux.be.eu.org">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Distributions</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item>Red Hat
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Official Mirror at Belnet"> ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/redhat-<em>version</em>/<em>arch</em>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at Chello (TVD)"> ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/redhat/redhat-<em>version</em>/<em>arch</em>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at linux.be.eu.org">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)"> ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/redhat/redhat-<em>version</em>/<em>arch</em>
</itemize>
<item>Debian
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/ftp.debian.org/" name="Official Mirror at KULeuven">
<item><url url="ftp://debian.spnet.net/" name="Official Mirror at spnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.eunet.be/pub/linux/debian/" name="Mirror at EUnet">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.debian.org/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)">
</itemize>
<item>Mandrake
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/packages/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.tvd.be/pub/mirror/ftp0.sunet.se/pub/Linux/distributions/mandrake/" name="Mirror at Chello (TVD)">
</itemize>
<item>SuSE
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror3/ftp.suse.com/" name="Mirror at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.suse.com/" name="Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)">
</itemize>
<item>Slackware
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.glo.be/pub/Slackware/" name="Mirror at Globe">
</itemize>
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Software</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/" name="Mirrors at Belnet">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/" name="Mirrors at Chello (TVD)">
<item><url url="ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/" name="Mirrors at linux.be.eu.org">
<item><url url="ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/" name="Mirrors at Pandora (Telenet)">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Usenet</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><url url="news:be.comp.os.linux"> at <url url="http://linux.iguana.be/archive/" name="Linux.iguana.be">
<item><url url="news:be.comp.os.linux"> at <url url="http://www.webwatch.be/forums/be.comp.os.linux/MainTable.html" name="WebWatch">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>Mailinglists</heading>
<sect2>
<heading>Linux in Belgium</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:info@linux.iguana.be" name="info@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:discussions@linux.iguana.be" name="discussions@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:builders@linux.iguana.be" name="builders@linux.iguana.be">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:lugs@linux.iguana.be" name="lugs@linux.iguana.be">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<heading>Linux user groups</heading>
<p>
<itemize>
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:blug-subscribe@linux.rave.org" name="BLUG Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="mailto:members-subscribe@l2u.iguana.be" name="L2U Mailinglist">
<item><htmlurl url="http://www.onelist.com/isregistered.cgi?listname=lilug" name="LILUG Mailinglist">
</itemize>
</p>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<heading>IRC</heading>
<p>
The fastest medium to get support is IRC, but beware. Because IRC is rather
anonymous it's also easy to fool people.
</p>
<p>
On IRCnet there's a channel called #linux.be that is closely related to bcol
and the Belgian Linux-scene. The channel is still small, but it surely will
grow in time. To get help in English, there's only one place #linux.
</p>
<p>
Also Dalnet has a #linux.be channel.
</p>
</sect1>
</sect>
</article></linuxdoc>
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