getent.1, intro.1, time.1, _exit.2, _syscall.2, accept.2, access.2, acct.2, adjtimex.2, alarm.2, alloc_hugepages.2, arch_prctl.2, bdflush.2, bind.2, brk.2, cacheflush.2, capget.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_getres.2, clock_nanosleep.2, clone.2, close.2, connect.2, create_module.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, epoll_create.2, epoll_ctl.2, epoll_wait.2, eventfd.2, execve.2, exit_group.2, faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, fork.2, fstatat.2, fsync.2, futex.2, futimesat.2, get_kernel_syms.2, get_robust_list.2, get_thread_area.2, getcpu.2, getdents.2, getdomainname.2, getgid.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getitimer.2, getpagesize.2, getpeername.2, getpid.2, getpriority.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, getrusage.2, getsid.2, getsockname.2, getsockopt.2, gettid.2, gettimeofday.2, getuid.2, getunwind.2, getxattr.2, idle.2, init_module.2, inotify_add_watch.2, inotify_init.2, inotify_rm_watch.2, intro.2, io_cancel.2, io_destroy.2, io_getevents.2, io_setup.2, io_submit.2, ioctl.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, iopl.2, ioprio_set.2, ipc.2, kcmp.2, kill.2, killpg.2, link.2, linkat.2, listen.2, listxattr.2, llseek.2, lookup_dcookie.2, lseek.2, madvise.2, migrate_pages.2, mincore.2, mkdir.2, mkdirat.2, mknod.2, mknodat.2, mlock.2, mmap.2, mmap2.2, modify_ldt.2, mount.2, move_pages.2, mprotect.2, mq_getsetattr.2, mremap.2, msgctl.2, msgget.2, msgop.2, msync.2, nanosleep.2, nfsservctl.2, nice.2, open.2, openat.2, outb.2, pause.2, pciconfig_read.2, perf_event_open.2, perfmonctl.2, personality.2, pipe.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, prctl.2, pread.2, process_vm_readv.2, ptrace.2, query_module.2, quotactl.2, read.2, readahead.2, readdir.2, readlink.2, readlinkat.2, readv.2, reboot.2, recv.2, remap_file_pages.2, removexattr.2, rename.2, renameat.2, rmdir.2, rt_sigqueueinfo.2, sched_get_priority_max.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, sched_setaffinity.2, sched_setparam.2, sched_setscheduler.2, sched_yield.2, select.2, semctl.2, semget.2, semop.2, send.2, sendfile.2, set_thread_area.2, set_tid_address.2, seteuid.2, setfsgid.2, setfsuid.2, setgid.2, setpgid.2, setresuid.2, setreuid.2, setsid.2, setuid.2, setup.2, setxattr.2, shmctl.2, shmget.2, shmop.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, socket.2, socketcall.2, socketpair.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, swapon.2, symlink.2, symlinkat.2, sync.2, sync_file_range.2, sysctl.2, sysfs.2, sysinfo.2, syslog.2, tee.2, time.2, timerfd_create.2, times.2, tkill.2, truncate.2, umask.2, umount.2, uname.2, unimplemented.2, unlink.2, unlinkat.2, uselib.2, ustat.2, utime.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, vm86.2, vmsplice.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, CPU_SET.3, INFINITY.3, MB_CUR_MAX.3, MB_LEN_MAX.3, __setfpucw.3, a64l.3, abort.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, addseverity.3, adjtime.3, aio_cancel.3, aio_error.3, aio_fsync.3, aio_read.3, aio_return.3, aio_suspend.3, aio_write.3, alloca.3, argz_add.3, asin.3, asinh.3, asprintf.3, assert.3, assert_perror.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atexit.3, atof.3, atoi.3, backtrace.3, basename.3, bcmp.3, bcopy.3, bindresvport.3, bsd_signal.3, bsearch.3, bstring.3, btowc.3, btree.3, byteorder.3, bzero.3, cabs.3, cacos.3, cacosh.3, canonicalize_file_name.3, carg.3, casin.3, casinh.3, catan.3, catanh.3, catgets.3, catopen.3, cbrt.3, ccos.3, ccosh.3, ceil.3, cerf.3, cexp.3, cexp2.3, cfree.3, cimag.3, clearenv.3, clock.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, clog.3, clog10.3, clog2.3, closedir.3, cmsg.3, confstr.3, conj.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, cpow.3, cproj.3, creal.3, crypt.3, csin.3, csinh.3, csqrt.3, ctan.3, ctanh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, daemon.3, dbopen.3, des_crypt.3, difftime.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, dprintf.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, encrypt.3, end.3, endian.3, envz_add.3, erf.3, erfc.3, err.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, euidaccess.3, exec.3, exit.3, exp.3, exp10.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fclose.3, fcloseall.3, fdim.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, fexecve.3, fflush.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, fgetwc.3, fgetws.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmemopen.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, fmtmsg.3, fnmatch.3, fopen.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, fpurge.3, fputwc.3, fputws.3, fread.3, frexp.3, fseek.3, fseeko.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, fts.3, ftw.3, futimes.3, fwide.3, gamma.3, gcvt.3, getaddrinfo.3, getaddrinfo_a.3, getauxval.3, getcontext.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getenv.3, getfsent.3, getgrent.3, getgrent_r.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getipnodebyname.3, getline.3, getloadavg.3, getlogin.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getnetent_r.3, getopt.3, getpass.3, getprotoent.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpt.3, getpw.3, getpwent.3, getpwent_r.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent.3, getrpcent_r.3, getrpcport.3, gets.3, getservent.3, getservent_r.3, getspnam.3, getttyent.3, getumask.3, getusershell.3, getutent.3, getw.3, getwchar.3, glob.3, grantpt.3, gsignal.3, hash.3, hsearch.3, hypot.3, iconv.3, iconv_close.3, iconv_open.3, ilogb.3, index.3, inet.3, inet_ntop.3, inet_pton.3, infnan.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, intro.3, isalpha.3, isatty.3, isgreater.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, j0.3, key_setsecret.3, ldexp.3, lgamma.3, lio_listio.3, localeconv.3, lockf.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, login.3, longjmp.3, lrint.3, lround.3, lsearch.3, lseek64.3, makecontext.3, makedev.3, malloc.3, malloc_hook.3, mblen.3, mbrlen.3, mbrtowc.3, mbsinit.3, mbsnrtowcs.3, mbsrtowcs.3, mbstowcs.3, mbtowc.3, memccpy.3, memchr.3, memcmp.3, memcpy.3, memfrob.3, memmem.3, memmove.3, mempcpy.3, memset.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkfifoat.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mpool.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_open.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, mq_unlink.3, mtrace.3, nan.3, netlink.3, nextafter.3, nl_langinfo.3, offsetof.3, on_exit.3, opendir.3, openpty.3, perror.3, popen.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, pow.3, pow10.3, printf.3, profil.3, program_invocation_name.3, psignal.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, putpwent.3, puts.3, putwchar.3, qecvt.3, qsort.3, queue.3, raise.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, rcmd.3, re_comp.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, recno.3, regex.3, remainder.3, remove.3, remquo.3, resolver.3, rewinddir.3, rexec.3, rint.3, round.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtime.3, rtnetlink.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, scandirat.3, scanf.3, seekdir.3, sem_close.3, sem_destroy.3, sem_getvalue.3, sem_init.3, sem_open.3, sem_post.3, sem_unlink.3, sem_wait.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, setlocale.3, setlogmask.3, setnetgrent.3, shm_open.3, siginterrupt.3, signbit.3, significand.3, sigpause.3, sigqueue.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sin.3, sincos.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stdarg.3, stdin.3, stdio.3, stdio_ext.3, stpcpy.3, stpncpy.3, strcasecmp.3, strcat.3, strchr.3, strcmp.3, strcoll.3, strcpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strfmon.3, strfry.3, strftime.3, string.3, strlen.3, strnlen.3, strpbrk.3, strptime.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strspn.3, strstr.3, strtod.3, strtoimax.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, strverscmp.3, strxfrm.3, swab.3, sysconf.3, syslog.3, system.3, sysv_signal.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tcgetpgrp.3, tcgetsid.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, termios.3, tgamma.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, toupper.3, towctrans.3, towlower.3, towupper.3, trunc.3, tsearch.3, ttyname.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, ulimit.3, ungetwc.3, unlocked_stdio.3, unlockpt.3, updwtmp.3, usleep.3, wcpcpy.3, wcpncpy.3, wcrtomb.3, wcscasecmp.3, wcscat.3, wcschr.3, wcscmp.3, wcscpy.3, wcscspn.3, wcsdup.3, wcslen.3, wcsncasecmp.3, wcsncat.3, wcsncmp.3, wcsncpy.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wcspbrk.3, wcsrchr.3, wcsrtombs.3, wcsspn.3, wcsstr.3, wcstoimax.3, wcstok.3, wcstombs.3, wcswidth.3, wctob.3, wctomb.3, wctrans.3, wctype.3, wcwidth.3, wmemchr.3, wmemcmp.3, wmemcpy.3, wmemmove.3, wmemset.3, wordexp.3, wprintf.3, xcrypt.3, xdr.3, y0.3, cciss.4, console.4, console_codes.4, console_ioctl.4, dsp56k.4, fd.4, full.4, hd.4, hpsa.4, initrd.4, intro.4, lp.4, mem.4, mouse.4, null.4, pts.4, ram.4, random.4, rtc.4, sk98lin.4, st.4, tty.4, ttyS.4, tty_ioctl.4, vcs.4, wavelan.4, acct.5, charmap.5, dir_colors.5, filesystems.5, ftpusers.5, group.5, host.conf.5, hosts.5, hosts.equiv.5, intro.5, issue.5, locale.5, motd.5, networks.5, nologin.5, nscd.conf.5, passwd.5, proc.5, protocols.5, resolv.conf.5, rpc.5, securetty.5, services.5, shells.5, termcap.5, ttytype.5, utmp.5, armscii-8.7, arp.7, ascii.7, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, charsets.7, complex.7, cp1251.7, credentials.7, ddp.7, environ.7, epoll.7, fifo.7, futex.7, glob.7, hier.7, icmp.7, inotify.7, intro.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, iso_8859-1.7, iso_8859-10.7, iso_8859-11.7, iso_8859-13.7, iso_8859-14.7, iso_8859-15.7, iso_8859-16.7, iso_8859-2.7, iso_8859-3.7, iso_8859-4.7, iso_8859-5.7, iso_8859-6.7, iso_8859-7.7, iso_8859-8.7, iso_8859-9.7, koi8-r.7, koi8-u.7, locale.7, mailaddr.7, man.7, mq_overview.7, netdevice.7, netlink.7, numa.7, packet.7, path_resolution.7, pipe.7, posixoptions.7, pthreads.7, pty.7, raw.7, regex.7, rtld-audit.7, rtnetlink.7, sem_overview.7, shm_overview.7, sigevent.7, signal.7, socket.7, standards.7, suffixes.7, svipc.7, tcp.7, termio.7, time.7, udp.7, udplite.7, unicode.7, unix.7, uri.7, utf-8.7, x25.7, nscd.8, sync.8, tzselect.8, zdump.8, zic.8: Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SH headings

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
This commit is contained in:
Michael Kerrisk 2013-02-24 19:01:36 +01:00
parent 839314dde5
commit 47297adb6e
850 changed files with 2085 additions and 2085 deletions

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@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ in succession to
.BR getspnam (3) .BR getspnam (3)
and display the result. and display the result.
.RE .RE
.SH "EXIT STATUS" .SH EXIT STATUS
One of the following exit values can be returned by One of the following exit values can be returned by
.BR getent : .BR getent :
.RS 3 .RS 3
@ -364,5 +364,5 @@ could not be found in the
Enumeration not supported on this Enumeration not supported on this
.IR database . .IR database .
.RE .RE
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR nsswitch.conf (5) .BR nsswitch.conf (5)

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@ -297,5 +297,5 @@ and use a browser if you find HTML files there.
.\" .\"
.\" Actual examples? Separate section for each of cat, cp, ...? .\" Actual examples? Separate section for each of cat, cp, ...?
.\" gzip, bzip2, tar, rpm .\" gzip, bzip2, tar, rpm
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR standards (7) .BR standards (7)

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@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ When in the POSIX locale, use the precise traditional format
(with numbers in seconds) (with numbers in seconds)
where the number of decimals in the output for %f is unspecified where the number of decimals in the output for %f is unspecified
but is sufficient to express the clock tick accuracy, and at least one. but is sufficient to express the clock tick accuracy, and at least one.
.SH "EXIT STATUS" .SH EXIT STATUS
If If
.I command .I command
was invoked, the exit status is that of was invoked, the exit status is that of
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ are used.
The last one to search for The last one to search for
.IR command . .IR command .
The remaining ones for the text and formatting of the output. The remaining ones for the text and formatting of the output.
.SH "GNU VERSION" .SH GNU VERSION
Below a description of the GNU 1.7 version of Below a description of the GNU 1.7 version of
.BR time . .BR time .
Disregarding the name of the utility, GNU makes it output lots of Disregarding the name of the utility, GNU makes it output lots of
@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ and C compiler you used.
.\" Helped with portability .\" Helped with portability
.\" .IP "Francois Pinard" .\" .IP "Francois Pinard"
.\" Helped with portability .\" Helped with portability
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR tcsh (1), .BR tcsh (1),
.BR times (2), .BR times (2),
.BR wait3 (2) .BR wait3 (2)

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@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ The function
.BR _Exit () .BR _Exit ()
is equivalent to is equivalent to
.BR _exit (). .BR _exit ().
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
These functions do not return. These functions do not return.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD. SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
The function The function
.BR _Exit () .BR _Exit ()
@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ wrapper function invoked the kernel system call of the same name.
Since glibc 2.3, the wrapper function invokes Since glibc 2.3, the wrapper function invokes
.BR exit_group (2), .BR exit_group (2),
in order to terminate all of the threads in a process. in order to terminate all of the threads in a process.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
.BR exit_group (2), .BR exit_group (2),
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),

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@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
.TH _SYSCALL 2 2007-12-19 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH _SYSCALL 2 2007-12-19 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
_syscall \- invoking a system call without library support (OBSOLETE) _syscall \- invoking a system call without library support (OBSOLETE)
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <linux/unistd.h> .B #include <linux/unistd.h>
A _syscall macro A _syscall macro
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Once you include the _syscall() in your source file,
you call the system call by \fIname\fP. you call the system call by \fIname\fP.
.SH FILES .SH FILES
.I /usr/include/linux/unistd.h .I /usr/include/linux/unistd.h
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
The use of these macros is Linux-specific, and deprecated. The use of these macros is Linux-specific, and deprecated.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Starting around kernel 2.6.18, the _syscall macros were removed Starting around kernel 2.6.18, the _syscall macros were removed
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Memory in buffers = 5066752
Swap: total 27881472 / free 24698880 Swap: total 27881472 / free 24698880
Number of processes = 40 Number of processes = 40
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR intro (2), .BR intro (2),
.BR syscall (2), .BR syscall (2),
.BR errno (3) .BR errno (3)

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@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ See the description of the
flag in flag in
.BR open (2) .BR open (2)
for reasons why this may be useful. for reasons why this may be useful.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
these system calls return a nonnegative integer that is a descriptor these system calls return a nonnegative integer that is a descriptor
for the accepted socket. for the accepted socket.
@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ The
.BR accept4 () .BR accept4 ()
system call is available starting with Linux 2.6.28; system call is available starting with Linux 2.6.28;
support in glibc is available starting with version 2.10. support in glibc is available starting with version 2.10.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR accept (): .BR accept ():
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2001,
SVr4, 4.4BSD, SVr4, 4.4BSD,
@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ stupid thing, so they silently just renamed their blunder)."
.SH EXAMPLE .SH EXAMPLE
See See
.BR bind (2). .BR bind (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR bind (2), .BR bind (2),
.BR connect (2), .BR connect (2),
.BR listen (2), .BR listen (2),

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@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ then an
.B X_OK .B X_OK
check is successful for a regular file if execute permission check is successful for a regular file if execute permission
is enabled for any of the file owner, group, or other. is enabled for any of the file owner, group, or other.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success (all requested permissions granted), zero is returned. On success (all requested permissions granted), zero is returned.
On error (at least one bit in On error (at least one bit in
.I mode .I mode
@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ Insufficient kernel memory was available.
.B ETXTBSY .B ETXTBSY
Write access was requested to an executable which is being Write access was requested to an executable which is being
executed. executed.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
.PP .PP
@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ the underlying file system.
Since kernel 2.6.20, Since kernel 2.6.20,
.BR access () .BR access ()
honors this flag. honors this flag.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chmod (2), .BR chmod (2),
.BR chown (2), .BR chown (2),
.BR faccessat (2), .BR faccessat (2),

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@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ accounting is turned on,
and records for each terminating process are appended to and records for each terminating process are appended to
\fIfilename\fP as it terminates. \fIfilename\fP as it terminates.
An argument of NULL causes accounting to be turned off. An argument of NULL causes accounting to be turned off.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ refers to a file on a read-only file system.
.TP .TP
.B EUSERS .B EUSERS
There are no more free file structures or we ran out of memory. There are no more free file structures or we ran out of memory.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD (but not POSIX). SVr4, 4.3BSD (but not POSIX).
.\" SVr4 documents an EBUSY error condition, but no EISDIR or ENOSYS. .\" SVr4 documents an EBUSY error condition, but no EISDIR or ENOSYS.
.\" Also AIX and HP-UX document EBUSY (attempt is made .\" Also AIX and HP-UX document EBUSY (attempt is made
@ -140,5 +140,5 @@ In particular, nonterminating processes are never accounted for.
The structure of the records written to the accounting file is described in The structure of the records written to the accounting file is described in
.BR acct (5). .BR acct (5).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR acct (5) .BR acct (5)

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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Ordinary users are restricted to a zero value for
Only the superuser may set any parameters. Only the superuser may set any parameters.
.br .br
.ne 12v .ne 12v
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR adjtimex () .BR adjtimex ()
returns the clock state: returns the clock state:
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ is nonzero and the caller does not have sufficient privilege.
Under Linux the Under Linux the
.B CAP_SYS_TIME .B CAP_SYS_TIME
capability is required. capability is required.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR adjtimex () .BR adjtimex ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ See
.BR adjtime (3) .BR adjtime (3)
for a more portable, but less flexible, for a more portable, but less flexible,
method of adjusting the system clock. method of adjusting the system clock.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR settimeofday (2), .BR settimeofday (2),
.BR adjtime (3), .BR adjtime (3),
.BR capabilities (7), .BR capabilities (7),

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@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ is scheduled.
In any event any previously set In any event any previously set
.BR alarm () .BR alarm ()
is canceled. is canceled.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR alarm () .BR alarm ()
returns the number of seconds remaining until any previously scheduled returns the number of seconds remaining until any previously scheduled
alarm was due to be delivered, or zero if there was no previously alarm was due to be delivered, or zero if there was no previously
scheduled alarm. scheduled alarm.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD. SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
.BR alarm () .BR alarm ()
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ is a bad idea.
Scheduling delays can, as ever, cause the execution of the process to Scheduling delays can, as ever, cause the execution of the process to
be delayed by an arbitrary amount of time. be delayed by an arbitrary amount of time.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR gettimeofday (2), .BR gettimeofday (2),
.BR pause (2), .BR pause (2),
.BR select (2), .BR select (2),

View File

@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ with the given key existed.
If this flag is not set, then If this flag is not set, then
.B ENOENT .B ENOENT
is returned when no segment with the given key exists. is returned when no segment with the given key exists.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR alloc_hugepages () .BR alloc_hugepages ()
returns the allocated virtual address, and returns the allocated virtual address, and
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ This can be read and written.
.I /proc/meminfo .I /proc/meminfo
Gives info on the number of configured hugetlb pages and on their size Gives info on the number of configured hugetlb pages and on their size
in the three variables HugePages_Total, HugePages_Free, Hugepagesize. in the three variables HugePages_Total, HugePages_Free, Hugepagesize.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These calls are specific to Linux on Intel processors, and should not be These calls are specific to Linux on Intel processors, and should not be
used in programs intended to be portable. used in programs intended to be portable.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES

View File

@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ is not a valid subcommand.
is outside the process address space. is outside the process address space.
.\" .SH AUTHOR .\" .SH AUTHOR
.\" Man page written by Andi Kleen. .\" Man page written by Andi Kleen.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR arch_prctl () .BR arch_prctl ()
is a Linux/x86-64 extension and should not be used in programs intended is a Linux/x86-64 extension and should not be used in programs intended
to be portable. to be portable.
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ This may be fixed in future glibc versions.
.I FS .I FS
may be already used by the threading library. may be already used by the threading library.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR mmap (2), .BR mmap (2),
.BR modify_ldt (2), .BR modify_ldt (2),
.BR prctl (2), .BR prctl (2),

View File

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ to that value.
The set of parameters, their values, and their valid ranges The set of parameters, their values, and their valid ranges
are defined in the Linux kernel source file are defined in the Linux kernel source file
.IR fs/buffer.c . .IR fs/buffer.c .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
If If
.I func .I func
is negative or 0 and the daemon successfully starts, is negative or 0 and the daemon successfully starts,
@ -113,11 +113,11 @@ or to write an invalid value to a parameter.
Caller does not have the Caller does not have the
.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN .B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability. capability.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR bdflush () .BR bdflush ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR fsync (2), .BR fsync (2),
.BR sync (2), .BR sync (2),
.BR sync (8), .BR sync (8),

View File

@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ pointer passed in
.I addr .I addr
in order to avoid compiler warnings. in order to avoid compiler warnings.
See EXAMPLE below. See EXAMPLE below.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
.TP .TP
.B EROFS .B EROFS
The socket inode would reside on a read-only file system. The socket inode would reside on a read-only file system.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001 SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001
.RB ( bind () .RB ( bind ()
first appeared in 4.2BSD). first appeared in 4.2BSD).
@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
should be deleted using unlink(2) or remove(3) */ should be deleted using unlink(2) or remove(3) */
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR accept (2), .BR accept (2),
.BR connect (2), .BR connect (2),
.BR getsockname (2), .BR getsockname (2),

View File

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Calling
with an with an
.I increment .I increment
of 0 can be used to find the current location of the program break. of 0 can be used to find the current location of the program break.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR brk () .BR brk ()
returns zero. returns zero.
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
is set to is set to
.BR ENOMEM . .BR ENOMEM .
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.3BSD; SUSv1, marked LEGACY in SUSv2, removed in POSIX.1-2001. 4.3BSD; SUSv1, marked LEGACY in SUSv2, removed in POSIX.1-2001.
.\" .\"
.\" .BR brk () .\" .BR brk ()
@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ is implemented as a library function that uses the
.BR brk () .BR brk ()
system call, and does some internal bookkeeping so that it can system call, and does some internal bookkeeping so that it can
return the old break value. return the old break value.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
.BR getrlimit (2), .BR getrlimit (2),
.BR end (3), .BR end (3),

View File

@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Write back to memory and invalidate the affected valid cache lines.
.B BCACHE .B BCACHE
Same as Same as
.BR (ICACHE|DCACHE) . .BR (ICACHE|DCACHE) .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR cacheflush () .BR cacheflush ()
returns 0 on success or \-1 on error. returns 0 on success or \-1 on error.
If errors are detected, If errors are detected,

View File

@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ to all members of the process group whose ID is \-\fIpid\fP.
For details on the data, see For details on the data, see
.BR capabilities (7). .BR capabilities (7).
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ instead of 0.)
.TP .TP
.B ESRCH .B ESRCH
No such thread. No such thread.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These system calls are Linux-specific. These system calls are Linux-specific.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
The portable interface to the capability querying and setting The portable interface to the capability querying and setting
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ library and is available here:
.br .br
.UR http://www.kernel.org\:/pub\:/linux\:/libs\:/security\:/linux-privs .UR http://www.kernel.org\:/pub\:/linux\:/libs\:/security\:/linux-privs
.UE .UE
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clone (2), .BR clone (2),
.BR gettid (2), .BR gettid (2),
.BR capabilities (7) .BR capabilities (7)

View File

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ is identical to
.BR chdir (); .BR chdir ();
the only difference is that the directory is given as an the only difference is that the directory is given as an
open file descriptor. open file descriptor.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ Search permission was denied on the directory open on
.B EBADF .B EBADF
.I fd .I fd
is not a valid file descriptor. is not a valid file descriptor.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
The current working directory is the starting point for interpreting The current working directory is the starting point for interpreting
@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ A child process created via
inherits its parent's current working directory. inherits its parent's current working directory.
The current working directory is left unchanged by The current working directory is left unchanged by
.BR execve (2). .BR execve (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chroot (2), .BR chroot (2),
.BR getcwd (3), .BR getcwd (3),
.BR path_resolution (7) .BR path_resolution (7)

View File

@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ already open files, because the access control is done on the server, but
open files are maintained by the client. open files are maintained by the client.
Widening the permissions may be Widening the permissions may be
delayed for other clients if attribute caching is enabled on them. delayed for other clients if attribute caching is enabled on them.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -216,9 +216,9 @@ See above.
.TP .TP
.B EROFS .B EROFS
See above. See above.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.4BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. 4.4BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chown (2), .BR chown (2),
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
.BR fchmodat (2), .BR fchmodat (2),

View File

@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ bit is not set) the
.B S_ISGID .B S_ISGID
bit indicates mandatory locking, and is not cleared by a bit indicates mandatory locking, and is not cleared by a
.BR chown (). .BR chown ().
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ See above.
.TP .TP
.B EROFS .B EROFS
See above. See above.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.4BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. 4.4BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
The 4.4BSD version can only be The 4.4BSD version can only be
@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chmod (2), .BR chmod (2),
.BR fchownat (2), .BR fchownat (2),
.BR flock (2), .BR flock (2),

View File

@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ by doing:
This call does not close open file descriptors, and such file This call does not close open file descriptors, and such file
descriptors may allow access to files outside the chroot tree. descriptors may allow access to files outside the chroot tree.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ is not a directory.
.TP .TP
.B EPERM .B EPERM
The caller has insufficient privilege. The caller has insufficient privilege.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD, SUSv2 (marked LEGACY). SVr4, 4.4BSD, SUSv2 (marked LEGACY).
This function is not part of POSIX.1-2001. This function is not part of POSIX.1-2001.
.\" SVr4 documents additional EINTR, ENOLINK and EMULTIHOP error conditions. .\" SVr4 documents additional EINTR, ENOLINK and EMULTIHOP error conditions.
@ -148,6 +148,6 @@ FreeBSD has a stronger
system call. system call.
.\" FIXME . eventually say something about containers, .\" FIXME . eventually say something about containers,
.\" virtual servers, etc.? .\" virtual servers, etc.?
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chdir (2), .BR chdir (2),
.BR path_resolution (7) .BR path_resolution (7)

View File

@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ High-resolution per-process timer from the CPU.
.TP .TP
.B CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID .B CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
Thread-specific CPU-time clock. Thread-specific CPU-time clock.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR clock_gettime (), .BR clock_gettime (),
.BR clock_settime () .BR clock_settime ()
and and
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ specified is not supported on this system.
.B EPERM .B EPERM
.BR clock_settime () .BR clock_settime ()
does not have permission to set the clock indicated. does not have permission to set the clock indicated.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001. SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH AVAILABILITY .SH AVAILABILITY
On POSIX systems on which these functions are available, the symbol On POSIX systems on which these functions are available, the symbol
@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ clocks using
On Linux, these clocks are not settable On Linux, these clocks are not settable
(i.e., no process has "appropriate privileges"). (i.e., no process has "appropriate privileges").
.\" See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11972 .\" See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11972
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR date (1), .BR date (1),
.BR gettimeofday (2), .BR gettimeofday (2),
.BR settimeofday (2), .BR settimeofday (2),

View File

@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ it returns the remaining unslept time in
This value can then be used to call This value can then be used to call
.BR clock_nanosleep () .BR clock_nanosleep ()
again and complete a (relative) sleep. again and complete a (relative) sleep.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On successfully sleeping for the requested interval, On successfully sleeping for the requested interval,
.BR clock_nanosleep () .BR clock_nanosleep ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ The
.BR clock_nanosleep () .BR clock_nanosleep ()
system call first appeared in Linux 2.6. system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.
Support is available in glibc since version 2.1. Support is available in glibc since version 2.1.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
If the interval specified in If the interval specified in
@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ clock via
.BR clock_settime (2) .BR clock_settime (2)
shall have no effect on a thread that is blocked on a relative shall have no effect on a thread that is blocked on a relative
.BR clock_nanosleep (). .BR clock_nanosleep ().
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clock_getres (2), .BR clock_getres (2),
.BR nanosleep (2), .BR nanosleep (2),
.BR timer_create (2), .BR timer_create (2),

View File

@ -801,7 +801,7 @@ does not take arguments
.IR tls , .IR tls ,
and and
.IR ctid . .IR ctid .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.\" gettid(2) returns current->pid; .\" gettid(2) returns current->pid;
.\" getpid(2) returns current->tgid; .\" getpid(2) returns current->tgid;
On success, the thread ID of the child process is returned On success, the thread ID of the child process is returned
@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ in libc5.
glibc2 provides glibc2 provides
.BR clone () .BR clone ()
as described in this manual page. as described in this manual page.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
The The
.BR clone () .BR clone ()
and and
@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),
.BR futex (2), .BR futex (2),
.BR getpid (2), .BR getpid (2),

View File

@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ if the descriptor was the last reference to a file which has been
removed using removed using
.BR unlink (2) .BR unlink (2)
the file is deleted. the file is deleted.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR close () .BR close ()
returns zero on success. returns zero on success.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ call was interrupted by a signal; see
.TP .TP
.B EIO .B EIO
An I/O error occurred. An I/O error occurred.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.\" SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition. .\" SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ that may cause unintended side effects.
.\" call has restared after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will .\" call has restared after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
.\" later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a .\" later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
.\" serious programming error. .\" serious programming error.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR fcntl (2), .BR fcntl (2),
.BR fsync (2), .BR fsync (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),

View File

@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ member of
set to set to
.BR AF_UNSPEC .BR AF_UNSPEC
(supported on Linux since kernel 2.2). (supported on Linux since kernel 2.2).
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
If the connection or binding succeeds, zero is returned. If the connection or binding succeeds, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ The server may be too
busy to accept new connections. busy to accept new connections.
Note that for IP sockets the timeout may Note that for IP sockets the timeout may
be very long when syncookies are enabled on the server. be very long when syncookies are enabled on the server.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD, (the SVr4, 4.4BSD, (the
.BR connect () .BR connect ()
function first appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001. function first appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001.
@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ An example of the use of
.BR connect () .BR connect ()
is shown in is shown in
.BR getaddrinfo (3). .BR getaddrinfo (3).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR accept (2), .BR accept (2),
.BR bind (2), .BR bind (2),
.BR getsockname (2), .BR getsockname (2),

View File

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ This system call is present only in kernels before Linux 2.6.
attempts to create a loadable module entry and reserve the kernel memory attempts to create a loadable module entry and reserve the kernel memory
that will be needed to hold the module. that will be needed to hold the module.
This system call requires privilege. This system call requires privilege.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, returns the kernel address at which the module will reside. On success, returns the kernel address at which the module will reside.
On error \-1 is returned and On error \-1 is returned and
.I errno .I errno
@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ capability).
This system call is only present on Linux up until kernel 2.4; This system call is only present on Linux up until kernel 2.4;
it was removed in Linux 2.6. it was removed in Linux 2.6.
.\" Removed in Linux 2.5.48 .\" Removed in Linux 2.5.48
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR create_module () .BR create_module ()
is Linux-specific. is Linux-specific.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR delete_module (2), .BR delete_module (2),
.BR init_module (2), .BR init_module (2),
.BR query_module (2) .BR query_module (2)

View File

@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ this flag is silently ignored.
.BR CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD .BR CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD
is enabled.) is enabled.)
Using this flag taints the kernel (TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD). Using this flag taints the kernel (TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD).
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned and On error, \-1 is returned and
.I errno .I errno
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ but the reference count of this module is nonzero and
.B O_TRUNC .B O_TRUNC
was not specified in was not specified in
.IR flags . .IR flags .
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR delete_module () .BR delete_module ()
is Linux-specific. is Linux-specific.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Some further details of differences in the behavior of
in Linux 2.4 and earlier are in Linux 2.4 and earlier are
.I not .I not
currently explained in this manual page. currently explained in this manual page.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR create_module (2), .BR create_module (2),
.BR init_module (2), .BR init_module (2),
.BR query_module (2), .BR query_module (2),

View File

@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ then
.BR dup3 () .BR dup3 ()
fails with the error fails with the error
.BR EINVAL . .BR EINVAL .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, these system calls On success, these system calls
return the new descriptor. return the new descriptor.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ descriptors open and tried to open a new one.
was added to Linux in version 2.6.27; was added to Linux in version 2.6.27;
glibc support is available starting with glibc support is available starting with
version 2.9. version 2.9.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR dup (), .BR dup (),
.BR dup2 (): .BR dup2 ():
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ or
without closing without closing
.I newfd .I newfd
first. first.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR close (2), .BR close (2),
.BR fcntl (2), .BR fcntl (2),
.BR open (2) .BR open (2)

View File

@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ See the description of the
flag in flag in
.BR open (2) .BR open (2)
for reasons why this may be useful. for reasons why this may be useful.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
these system calls these system calls
return a nonnegative file descriptor. return a nonnegative file descriptor.
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ must still be greater than zero,
in order to ensure backward compatibility when new in order to ensure backward compatibility when new
.B epoll .B epoll
applications are run on older kernels. applications are run on older kernels.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR close (2), .BR close (2),
.BR epoll_ctl (2), .BR epoll_ctl (2),
.BR epoll_wait (2), .BR epoll_wait (2),

View File

@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ The user must call
with with
.B EPOLL_CTL_MOD .B EPOLL_CTL_MOD
to rearm the file descriptor with a new event mask. to rearm the file descriptor with a new event mask.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
When successful, When successful,
.BR epoll_ctl () .BR epoll_ctl ()
returns zero. returns zero.
@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ when using
Applications that need to be portable to kernels before 2.6.9 Applications that need to be portable to kernels before 2.6.9
should specify a non-NULL pointer in should specify a non-NULL pointer in
.IR event . .IR event .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR epoll_create (2), .BR epoll_create (2),
.BR epoll_wait (2), .BR epoll_wait (2),
.BR poll (2), .BR poll (2),

View File

@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ argument may be specified as NULL, in which case
.BR epoll_pwait () .BR epoll_pwait ()
is equivalent to is equivalent to
.BR epoll_wait (). .BR epoll_wait ().
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
When successful, When successful,
.BR epoll_wait () .BR epoll_wait ()
returns the number of file descriptors ready for the requested I/O, or zero returns the number of file descriptors ready for the requested I/O, or zero
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ is 4 and the kernel
.I HZ .I HZ
value is 1000, value is 1000,
this means that timeouts greater than 35.79 minutes are treated as infinity. this means that timeouts greater than 35.79 minutes are treated as infinity.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR epoll_create (2), .BR epoll_create (2),
.BR epoll_ctl (2), .BR epoll_ctl (2),
.BR epoll (7) .BR epoll (7)

View File

@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ File descriptors created by
are preserved across are preserved across
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
unless the close-on-exec flag has been set. unless the close-on-exec flag has been set.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR eventfd () .BR eventfd ()
returns a new eventfd file descriptor. returns a new eventfd file descriptor.
@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
} }
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR futex (2), .BR futex (2),
.BR pipe (2), .BR pipe (2),
.BR poll (2), .BR poll (2),

View File

@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ environment space as was provided by Linux 2.6.23 and earlier.
Additionally, the limit per string is 32 pages (the kernel constant Additionally, the limit per string is 32 pages (the kernel constant
.BR MAX_ARG_STRLEN ), .BR MAX_ARG_STRLEN ),
and the maximum number of strings is 0x7FFFFFFF. and the maximum number of strings is 0x7FFFFFFF.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR execve () .BR execve ()
does not return, on error \-1 is returned, and does not return, on error \-1 is returned, and
@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ file has the set-user-ID or set-group-ID bit set.
.TP .TP
.B ETXTBSY .B ETXTBSY
Executable was open for writing by one or more processes. Executable was open for writing by one or more processes.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
POSIX.1-2001 does not document the #! behavior POSIX.1-2001 does not document the #! behavior
but is otherwise compatible. but is otherwise compatible.
@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ argv[3]: hello
argv[4]: world argv[4]: world
.fi .fi
.in .in
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chmod (2), .BR chmod (2),
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),
.BR ptrace (2), .BR ptrace (2),

View File

@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ This system call is equivalent to
.BR exit (2) .BR exit (2)
except that it terminates not only the calling thread, but all threads except that it terminates not only the calling thread, but all threads
in the calling process's thread group. in the calling process's thread group.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
This system call does not return. This system call does not return.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
This call is present since Linux 2.5.35. This call is present since Linux 2.5.35.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This call is Linux-specific. This call is Linux-specific.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Since glibc 2.3, this is the system call invoked when the Since glibc 2.3, this is the system call invoked when the
.BR exit (2) .BR exit (2)
wrapper function is called. wrapper function is called.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR exit (2) .BR exit (2)

View File

@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ If
.I pathname .I pathname
is a symbolic link, do not dereference it: is a symbolic link, do not dereference it:
instead return information about the link itself. instead return information about the link itself.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, (all requested permissions granted) On success, (all requested permissions granted)
.BR faccessat () .BR faccessat ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
.BR faccessat () .BR faccessat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
See See
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ flags are actually implemented within the glibc wrapper function for
If either of these flags are specified, then the wrapper function employs If either of these flags are specified, then the wrapper function employs
.BR fstatat (2) .BR fstatat (2)
to determine access permissions. to determine access permissions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR access (2), .BR access (2),
.BR openat (2), .BR openat (2),
.BR euidaccess (3), .BR euidaccess (3),

View File

@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ If
is a symbolic link, do not dereference it: is a symbolic link, do not dereference it:
instead operate on the link itself. instead operate on the link itself.
This flag is not currently implemented. This flag is not currently implemented.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR fchmodat () .BR fchmodat ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ which is not supported.
.BR fchmodat () .BR fchmodat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
See See
@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ This interface differs from the underlying Linux system call, which does
have a have a
.I flags .I flags
argument. argument.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chmod (2), .BR chmod (2),
.BR openat (2), .BR openat (2),
.BR path_resolution (7), .BR path_resolution (7),

View File

@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ instead operate on the link itself, like
.BR fchownat () .BR fchownat ()
dereferences symbolic links, like dereferences symbolic links, like
.BR chown (2).) .BR chown (2).)
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR fchownat () .BR fchownat ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
.BR fchownat () .BR fchownat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008.
A similar system call exists on Solaris. A similar system call exists on Solaris.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ See
.BR openat (2) .BR openat (2)
for an explanation of the need for for an explanation of the need for
.BR fchownat (). .BR fchownat ().
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR chown (2), .BR chown (2),
.BR openat (2), .BR openat (2),
.BR path_resolution (7), .BR path_resolution (7),

View File

@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ of buffer space currently used to store data produces the error
.BR F_GETPIPE_SZ " (\fIvoid\fP; since Linux 2.6.35)" .BR F_GETPIPE_SZ " (\fIvoid\fP; since Linux 2.6.35)"
Return (as the function result) the capacity of the pipe referred to by Return (as the function result) the capacity of the pipe referred to by
.IR fd . .IR fd .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
For a successful call, the return value depends on the operation: For a successful call, the return value depends on the operation:
.TP 0.9i .TP 0.9i
.B F_DUPFD .B F_DUPFD
@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ protocol failed (e.g., locking over NFS).
Attempted to clear the Attempted to clear the
.B O_APPEND .B O_APPEND
flag on a file that has the append-only attribute set. flag on a file that has the append-only attribute set.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
Only the operations Only the operations
.BR F_DUPFD , .BR F_DUPFD ,
@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@ only after a write lock was acquired.
Similar races exist between mandatory locks and Similar races exist between mandatory locks and
.BR mmap (2). .BR mmap (2).
It is therefore inadvisable to rely on mandatory locking. It is therefore inadvisable to rely on mandatory locking.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR dup2 (2), .BR dup2 (2),
.BR flock (2), .BR flock (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),

View File

@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ are preserved across an
A shared or exclusive lock can be placed on a file regardless of the A shared or exclusive lock can be placed on a file regardless of the
mode in which the file was opened. mode in which the file was opened.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ The kernel ran out of memory for allocating lock records.
The file is locked and the The file is locked and the
.B LOCK_NB .B LOCK_NB
flag was selected. flag was selected.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.4BSD (the 4.4BSD (the
.BR flock () .BR flock ()
call first appeared in 4.2BSD). call first appeared in 4.2BSD).
@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ was specified.
and occurs on many other implementations.) and occurs on many other implementations.)
.\" Kernel 2.5.21 changed things a little: during lock conversion .\" Kernel 2.5.21 changed things a little: during lock conversion
.\" it is now the highest priority process that will get the lock -- mtk .\" it is now the highest priority process that will get the lock -- mtk
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR flock (1), .BR flock (1),
.BR close (2), .BR close (2),
.BR dup (2), .BR dup (2),

View File

@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ in the parent and child
.I may .I may
share the directory stream positioning; share the directory stream positioning;
on Linux/glibc they do not. on Linux/glibc they do not.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, the PID of the child process is returned in the parent, On success, the PID of the child process is returned in the parent,
and 0 is returned in the child. and 0 is returned in the child.
On failure, \-1 is returned in the parent, On failure, \-1 is returned in the parent,
@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ failed to allocate the necessary kernel structures because memory is tight.
is not supported on this platform (for example, is not supported on this platform (for example,
.\" e.g., arm (optionally), blackfin, c6x, frv, h8300, microblaze, xtensa .\" e.g., arm (optionally), blackfin, c6x, frv, h8300, microblaze, xtensa
hardware without a Memory-Management Unit). hardware without a Memory-Management Unit).
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
.PP .PP
@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ See
.BR pipe (2) .BR pipe (2)
and and
.BR wait (2). .BR wait (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clone (2), .BR clone (2),
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
.BR exit (2), .BR exit (2),

View File

@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ instead return information about the link itself, like
.BR fstatat () .BR fstatat ()
dereferences symbolic links, like dereferences symbolic links, like
.BR stat (2).) .BR stat (2).)
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR fstatat () .BR fstatat ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
.BR fstatat () .BR fstatat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008.
A similar system call exists on Solaris. A similar system call exists on Solaris.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ The underlying system call employed by the glibc
.BR fstatat () .BR fstatat ()
wrapper function is actually called wrapper function is actually called
.BR fstatat64 (). .BR fstatat64 ().
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR openat (2), .BR openat (2),
.BR stat (2), .BR stat (2),
.BR path_resolution (7), .BR path_resolution (7),

View File

@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ The aim of
.BR fdatasync () .BR fdatasync ()
is to reduce disk activity for applications that do not is to reduce disk activity for applications that do not
require all metadata to be synchronized with the disk. require all metadata to be synchronized with the disk.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, these system calls return zero. On success, these system calls return zero.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ An error occurred during synchronization.
.BR EROFS ", " EINVAL .BR EROFS ", " EINVAL
.I fd .I fd
is bound to a special file which does not support synchronization. is bound to a special file which does not support synchronization.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH AVAILABILITY .SH AVAILABILITY
On POSIX systems on which On POSIX systems on which
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ In these cases disk caches need to be disabled using
or or
.BR sdparm (8) .BR sdparm (8)
to guarantee safe operation. to guarantee safe operation.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR bdflush (2), .BR bdflush (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),
.BR sync (2), .BR sync (2),

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ futex \- fast user-space locking
.BI " int *" uaddr2 ", int " val3 ); .BI " int *" uaddr2 ", int " val3 );
.\" int *? void *? u32 *? .\" int *? void *? u32 *?
.fi .fi
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR futex () .BR futex ()
@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ If not, the operation fails with the error
The argument The argument
.I timeout .I timeout
is ignored. is ignored.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.PP .PP
In the event of an error, all operations return \-1, and set In the event of an error, all operations return \-1, and set
.I errno .I errno
@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ and the value pointed to by
was not equal to the expected value was not equal to the expected value
.I val .I val
at the time of the call. at the time of the call.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
Initial futex support was merged in Linux 2.5.7 but with different semantics Initial futex support was merged in Linux 2.5.7 but with different semantics
from what was described above. from what was described above.
@ -257,9 +257,9 @@ In Linux 2.5.70 one argument
was added. was added.
In Linux 2.6.7 a sixth argument was added\(emmessy, especially In Linux 2.6.7 a sixth argument was added\(emmessy, especially
on the s390 architecture. on the s390 architecture.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This system call is Linux-specific. This system call is Linux-specific.
.SH "NOTES" .SH NOTES
.PP .PP
To reiterate, bare futexes are not intended as an easy-to-use abstraction To reiterate, bare futexes are not intended as an easy-to-use abstraction
for end-users. for end-users.
@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ read the sources of the futex user-space library referenced below.
.\" Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) .\" Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat)
.\" and Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center). .\" and Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
.\" This page written by bert hubert. .\" This page written by bert hubert.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR futex (7) .BR futex (7)
.PP .PP
\fIFuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux\fP \fIFuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux\fP

View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ If
is absolute, then is absolute, then
.I dirfd .I dirfd
is ignored. is ignored.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR futimesat () .BR futimesat ()
returns a 0. returns a 0.
@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
.BR futimesat () .BR futimesat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This system call is nonstandard. This system call is nonstandard.
It was implemented from a specification that was proposed for POSIX.1, It was implemented from a specification that was proposed for POSIX.1,
but that specification was replaced by the one for but that specification was replaced by the one for
@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ is NULL, then the glibc
wrapper function updates the times for the file referred to by wrapper function updates the times for the file referred to by
.IR dirfd . .IR dirfd .
.\" The Solaris futimesat() also has this strangeness. .\" The Solaris futimesat() also has this strangeness.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR stat (2), .BR stat (2),
.BR utimensat (2), .BR utimensat (2),
.BR utimes (2), .BR utimes (2),

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ which the module is loaded.
The symbols exported from each module follow their magic module tag The symbols exported from each module follow their magic module tag
and the modules are returned in the reverse of the and the modules are returned in the reverse of the
order in which they were loaded. order in which they were loaded.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, returns the number of symbols copied to On success, returns the number of symbols copied to
.IR table . .IR table .
On error, \-1 is returned and On error, \-1 is returned and
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ is not supported in this version of the kernel.
This system call is only present on Linux up until kernel 2.4; This system call is only present on Linux up until kernel 2.4;
it was removed in Linux 2.6. it was removed in Linux 2.6.
.\" Removed in Linux 2.5.48 .\" Removed in Linux 2.5.48
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR get_kernel_syms () .BR get_kernel_syms ()
is Linux-specific. is Linux-specific.
.SH BUGS .SH BUGS
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ favor of
.BR query_module (2) .BR query_module (2)
(which is itself nowadays deprecated (which is itself nowadays deprecated
in favor of other interfaces described on its manual page). in favor of other interfaces described on its manual page).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR create_module (2), .BR create_module (2),
.BR delete_module (2), .BR delete_module (2),
.BR init_module (2), .BR init_module (2),

View File

@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ The
.I len .I len
argument should be argument should be
.IR sizeof(*head) . .IR sizeof(*head) .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
The The
.BR set_robust_list () .BR set_robust_list ()
and and
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ In the unlikely event that you want to call them directly, use
A thread can have only one robust futex list; A thread can have only one robust futex list;
therefore applications that wish therefore applications that wish
to use this functionality should use the robust mutexes provided by glibc. to use this functionality should use the robust mutexes provided by glibc.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR futex (2) .BR futex (2)
.\" .BR pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np (3) .\" .BR pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np (3)

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
.TH GET_THREAD_AREA 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH GET_THREAD_AREA 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
get_thread_area \- get a thread-local storage (TLS) area get_thread_area \- get a thread-local storage (TLS) area
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <linux/unistd.h> .B #include <linux/unistd.h>
.br .br
.B #include <asm/ldt.h> .B #include <asm/ldt.h>
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ get_thread_area \- get a thread-local storage (TLS) area
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.BR get_thread_area () .BR get_thread_area ()
returns an entry in the current thread's thread-local storage (TLS) array. returns an entry in the current thread's thread-local storage (TLS) array.
The index of the entry corresponds to the value The index of the entry corresponds to the value
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ If the value is in bounds,
.BR get_thread_area () .BR get_thread_area ()
copies the corresponding copies the corresponding
TLS entry into the area pointed to by \fIu_info\fP. TLS entry into the area pointed to by \fIu_info\fP.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR get_thread_area () .BR get_thread_area ()
returns 0 on success. returns 0 on success.
Otherwise, it returns \-1 and sets Otherwise, it returns \-1 and sets
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ appropriately.
A version of A version of
.BR get_thread_area () .BR get_thread_area ()
first appeared in Linux 2.5.32. first appeared in Linux 2.5.32.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR get_thread_area () .BR get_thread_area ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
that are intended to be portable. that are intended to be portable.
@ -50,6 +50,6 @@ Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call,
since it is generally intended only for use by threading libraries. since it is generally intended only for use by threading libraries.
In the unlikely event that you want to call it directly, use In the unlikely event that you want to call it directly, use
.BR syscall (2). .BR syscall (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR modify_ldt (2), .BR modify_ldt (2),
.BR set_thread_area (2) .BR set_thread_area (2)

View File

@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The caller must allow for the possibility that the information returned in
and and
.I node .I node
is no longer current by the time the call returns. is no longer current by the time the call returns.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, 0 is returned. On success, 0 is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno

View File

@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ have full support for returning the file type in
.IR d_type . .IR d_type .
All applications must properly handle a return of All applications must properly handle a return of
.BR DT_UNKNOWN . .BR DT_UNKNOWN .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, the number of bytes read is returned. On success, the number of bytes read is returned.
On end of directory, 0 is returned. On end of directory, 0 is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ No such directory.
.TP .TP
.B ENOTDIR .B ENOTDIR
File descriptor does not refer to a directory. File descriptor does not refer to a directory.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4. SVr4.
.\" SVr4 documents additional ENOLINK, EIO error conditions. .\" SVr4 documents additional ENOLINK, EIO error conditions.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -276,6 +276,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR readdir (2), .BR readdir (2),
.BR readdir (3) .BR readdir (3)

View File

@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ bytes.
If the null-terminated domain name requires more than \fIlen\fP bytes, If the null-terminated domain name requires more than \fIlen\fP bytes,
.BR getdomainname () .BR getdomainname ()
returns the first \fIlen\fP bytes (glibc) or gives an error (libc). returns the first \fIlen\fP bytes (glibc) or gives an error (libc).
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ is NULL or
is longer than is longer than
.I len .I len
bytes. bytes.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX does not specify these calls. POSIX does not specify these calls.
.\" But they appear on most systems... .\" But they appear on most systems...
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ as a library function that returns a copy of the
.I domainname .I domainname
field returned from a call to field returned from a call to
.BR uname (2). .BR uname (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR gethostname (2), .BR gethostname (2),
.BR sethostname (2), .BR sethostname (2),
.BR uname (2) .BR uname (2)

View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ returns the real group ID of the calling process.
returns the effective group ID of the calling process. returns the effective group ID of the calling process.
.SH ERRORS .SH ERRORS
These functions are always successful. These functions are always successful.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD. POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
The original Linux The original Linux
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The glibc
and and
.BR getegid () .BR getegid ()
wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions. wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getresgid (2), .BR getresgid (2),
.BR setgid (2), .BR setgid (2),
.BR setregid (2), .BR setregid (2),

View File

@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ The
argument specifies the number of supplementary group IDs argument specifies the number of supplementary group IDs
in the buffer pointed to by in the buffer pointed to by
.IR list . .IR list .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR getgroups () .BR getgroups ()
returns the number of supplementary group IDs. returns the number of supplementary group IDs.
@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Out of memory.
.TP .TP
.B EPERM .B EPERM
The calling process has insufficient privilege. The calling process has insufficient privilege.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD. SVr4, 4.3BSD.
The The
.BR getgroups () .BR getgroups ()
@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ supporting 32-bit IDs.
The glibc The glibc
.BR getgroups () .BR getgroups ()
wrapper function transparently deals with the variation across kernel versions. wrapper function transparently deals with the variation across kernel versions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getgid (2), .BR getgid (2),
.BR setgid (2), .BR setgid (2),
.BR getgrouplist (3), .BR getgrouplist (3),

View File

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ then the name is truncated, and no error is returned (but see NOTES below).
POSIX.1-2001 says that if such truncation occurs, POSIX.1-2001 says that if such truncation occurs,
then it is unspecified whether the returned buffer then it is unspecified whether the returned buffer
includes a terminating null byte. includes a terminating null byte.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ For
the caller did not have the the caller did not have the
.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN .B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability. capability.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (these interfaces first appeared in 4.2BSD). SVr4, 4.4BSD (these interfaces first appeared in 4.2BSD).
POSIX.1-2001 specifies POSIX.1-2001 specifies
.BR gethostname () .BR gethostname ()
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ and the function returns \-1 with
.I errno .I errno
set to set to
.BR ENAMETOOLONG . .BR ENAMETOOLONG .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getdomainname (2), .BR getdomainname (2),
.BR setdomainname (2), .BR setdomainname (2),
.BR uname (2) .BR uname (2)

View File

@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ If the timer expires while the process is active (always true for
the signal will be delivered immediately when generated. the signal will be delivered immediately when generated.
Otherwise the Otherwise the
delivery will be offset by a small time dependent on the system loading. delivery will be offset by a small time dependent on the system loading.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ or (since Linux 2.6.22) one of the
fields in the structure pointed to by fields in the structure pointed to by
.I new_value .I new_value
contains a value outside the range 0 to 999999. contains a value outside the range 0 to 999999.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.4BSD (this call first appeared in 4.2BSD). POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.4BSD (this call first appeared in 4.2BSD).
POSIX.1-2008 marks POSIX.1-2008 marks
.BR getitimer () .BR getitimer ()
@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ error.
.\" Bugzilla report 25 Apr 2006: .\" Bugzilla report 25 Apr 2006:
.\" http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6443 .\" http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6443
.\" "setitimer() should reject noncanonical arguments" .\" "setitimer() should reject noncanonical arguments"
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR gettimeofday (2), .BR gettimeofday (2),
.BR sigaction (2), .BR sigaction (2),
.BR signal (2), .BR signal (2),

View File

@ -103,6 +103,6 @@ Here libc4, libc5, glibc 2.0 fail because their
.BR getpagesize () .BR getpagesize ()
returns a statically derived value, and does not use a system call. returns a statically derived value, and does not use a system call.
Things are OK in glibc 2.1. Things are OK in glibc 2.1.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR mmap (2), .BR mmap (2),
.BR sysconf (3) .BR sysconf (3)

View File

@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ The returned address is truncated if the buffer provided is too small;
in this case, in this case,
.I addrlen .I addrlen
will return a value greater than was supplied to the call. will return a value greater than was supplied to the call.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ The socket is not connected.
The argument The argument
.I sockfd .I sockfd
is a file, not a socket. is a file, not a socket.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (the SVr4, 4.4BSD (the
.BR getpeername () .BR getpeername ()
function call first appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001. function call first appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001.
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ call was also executed on the peer).
Note also that the receiver of a datagram can obtain Note also that the receiver of a datagram can obtain
the address of the sender when using the address of the sender when using
.BR recvfrom (2). .BR recvfrom (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR accept (2), .BR accept (2),
.BR bind (2), .BR bind (2),
.BR getsockname (2), .BR getsockname (2),

View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ routines that generate unique temporary filenames.)
returns the process ID of the parent of the calling process. returns the process ID of the parent of the calling process.
.SH ERRORS .SH ERRORS
These functions are always successful. These functions are always successful.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, SVr4. POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, SVr4.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Since glibc version 2.3.4, Since glibc version 2.3.4,
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ for discussion of a case where
may return the wrong value even when invoking may return the wrong value even when invoking
.BR clone (2) .BR clone (2)
via the glibc wrapper function. via the glibc wrapper function.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clone (2), .BR clone (2),
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),
.BR kill (2), .BR kill (2),

View File

@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ The
call sets the priorities of all of the specified processes call sets the priorities of all of the specified processes
to the specified value. to the specified value.
Only the superuser may lower priorities. Only the superuser may lower priorities.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
Since Since
.BR getpriority () .BR getpriority ()
can legitimately return the value \-1, it is necessary can legitimately return the value \-1, it is necessary
@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ and was not privileged (on Linux: did not have the
.B CAP_SYS_NICE .B CAP_SYS_NICE
capability). capability).
But see NOTES below. But see NOTES below.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (these function calls first appeared in 4.2BSD), SVr4, 4.4BSD (these function calls first appeared in 4.2BSD),
POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ the nice value is a per-thread attribute:
different threads in the same process can have different nice values. different threads in the same process can have different nice values.
Portable applications should avoid relying on the Linux behavior, Portable applications should avoid relying on the Linux behavior,
which may be made standards conformant in the future. which may be made standards conformant in the future.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR nice (1), .BR nice (1),
.BR renice (1), .BR renice (1),
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),

View File

@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ and
respectively. respectively.
.BR getresgid () .BR getresgid ()
performs the analogous task for the process's group IDs. performs the analogous task for the process's group IDs.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ The prototypes are given by glibc since version 2.3.2,
provided provided
.B _GNU_SOURCE .B _GNU_SOURCE
is defined. is defined.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These calls are nonstandard; These calls are nonstandard;
they also appear on HP-UX and some of the BSDs. they also appear on HP-UX and some of the BSDs.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ The glibc
and and
.BR getresgid () .BR getresgid ()
wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions. wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getuid (2), .BR getuid (2),
.BR setresuid (2), .BR setresuid (2),
.BR setreuid (2), .BR setreuid (2),

View File

@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} }
.fi .fi
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR prlimit (1), .BR prlimit (1),
.BR dup (2), .BR dup (2),
.BR fcntl (2), .BR fcntl (2),

View File

@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ The number of times a context switch resulted due to a higher
priority process becoming runnable or because the current process priority process becoming runnable or because the current process
exceeded its time slice. exceeded its time slice.
.PP .PP
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ points outside the accessible address space.
.B EINVAL .B EINVAL
.I who .I who
is invalid. is invalid.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD. SVr4, 4.3BSD.
POSIX.1-2001 specifies POSIX.1-2001 specifies
.BR getrusage (), .BR getrusage (),
@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ See also the description of
.IR /proc/PID/stat .IR /proc/PID/stat
in in
.BR proc (5). .BR proc (5).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clock_gettime (2), .BR clock_gettime (2),
.BR getrlimit (2), .BR getrlimit (2),
.BR times (2), .BR times (2),

View File

@ -75,12 +75,12 @@ was found.
This system call is available on Linux since version 2.0. This system call is available on Linux since version 2.0.
.\" Linux has this system call since Linux 1.3.44. .\" Linux has this system call since Linux 1.3.44.
.\" There is libc support since libc 5.2.19. .\" There is libc support since libc 5.2.19.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Linux does not return Linux does not return
.BR EPERM . .BR EPERM .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getpgid (2), .BR getpgid (2),
.BR setsid (2), .BR setsid (2),
.BR credentials (7) .BR credentials (7)

View File

@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ The returned address is truncated if the buffer provided is too small;
in this case, in this case,
.I addrlen .I addrlen
will return a value greater than was supplied to the call. will return a value greater than was supplied to the call.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ to perform the operation.
The argument The argument
.I sockfd .I sockfd
is a file, not a socket. is a file, not a socket.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (the SVr4, 4.4BSD (the
.BR getsockname () .BR getsockname ()
function call appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001. function call appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001.
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Some POSIX confusion resulted in the present \fIsocklen_t\fP,
also used by glibc. also used by glibc.
See also See also
.BR accept (2). .BR accept (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR bind (2), .BR bind (2),
.BR socket (2), .BR socket (2),
.BR getifaddrs (3), .BR getifaddrs (3),

View File

@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ option is to be disabled.
For a description of the available socket options see For a description of the available socket options see
.BR socket (7) .BR socket (7)
and the appropriate protocol man pages. and the appropriate protocol man pages.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ The option is unknown at the level indicated.
The argument The argument
.I sockfd .I sockfd
is a file, not a socket. is a file, not a socket.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (these system calls first appeared in 4.2BSD), SVr4, 4.4BSD (these system calls first appeared in 4.2BSD),
POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2001.
.\" SVr4 documents additional ENOMEM and ENOSR error codes, but does .\" SVr4 documents additional ENOMEM and ENOSR error codes, but does
@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ See also
.SH BUGS .SH BUGS
Several of the socket options should be handled at lower levels of the Several of the socket options should be handled at lower levels of the
system. system.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR ioctl (2), .BR ioctl (2),
.BR socket (2), .BR socket (2),
.BR getprotoent (3), .BR getprotoent (3),

View File

@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ For further details, see the discussion of
.BR CLONE_THREAD .BR CLONE_THREAD
in in
.BR clone (2). .BR clone (2).
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, returns the thread ID of the calling process. On success, returns the thread ID of the calling process.
.SH ERRORS .SH ERRORS
This call is always successful. This call is always successful.
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ This call is always successful.
The The
.BR gettid () .BR gettid ()
system call first appeared on Linux in kernel 2.4.11. system call first appeared on Linux in kernel 2.4.11.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR gettid () .BR gettid ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs that is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs that
are intended to be portable. are intended to be portable.
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
The thread ID returned by this call is not the same thing as a The thread ID returned by this call is not the same thing as a
POSIX thread ID (i.e., the opaque value returned by POSIX thread ID (i.e., the opaque value returned by
.BR pthread_self (3)). .BR pthread_self (3)).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR capget (2), .BR capget (2),
.BR clone (2), .BR clone (2),
.BR fcntl (2), .BR fcntl (2),

View File

@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ In such a case it is assumed that the CMOS clock
is on local time, and that it has to be incremented by this amount is on local time, and that it has to be incremented by this amount
to get UTC system time. to get UTC system time.
No doubt it is a bad idea to use this feature. No doubt it is a bad idea to use this feature.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR gettimeofday () .BR gettimeofday ()
and and
.BR settimeofday () .BR settimeofday ()
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ The calling process has insufficient privilege to call
under Linux the under Linux the
.B CAP_SYS_TIME .B CAP_SYS_TIME
capability is required. capability is required.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD. SVr4, 4.3BSD.
POSIX.1-2001 describes POSIX.1-2001 describes
.BR gettimeofday () .BR gettimeofday ()
@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ this period is determined by unpredictable political
decisions. decisions.
So this method of representing timezones So this method of representing timezones
has been abandoned. has been abandoned.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR date (1), .BR date (1),
.BR adjtimex (2), .BR adjtimex (2),
.BR clock_gettime (2), .BR clock_gettime (2),

View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ returns the real user ID of the calling process.
returns the effective user ID of the calling process. returns the effective user ID of the calling process.
.SH ERRORS .SH ERRORS
These functions are always successful. These functions are always successful.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD. POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
.SS History .SS History
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ The glibc
and and
.BR geteuid () .BR geteuid ()
wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions. wrapper functions transparently deal with the variations across kernel versions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getresuid (2), .BR getresuid (2),
.BR setreuid (2), .BR setreuid (2),
.BR setuid (2), .BR setuid (2),

View File

@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ value is zero indicates the end of the table.
For more information about the format, see the For more information about the format, see the
.I IA-64 Software Conventions and Runtime Architecture .I IA-64 Software Conventions and Runtime Architecture
manual. manual.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR getunwind () .BR getunwind ()
returns the size of unwind table. returns the size of unwind table.
@ -107,5 +107,5 @@ is passed to user level via
Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call;
in the unlikely event that you want to call it, use in the unlikely event that you want to call it, use
.BR syscall (2). .BR syscall (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getauxval (3) .BR getauxval (3)

View File

@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ can also occur.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
These system calls have been available on Linux since kernel 2.4; These system calls have been available on Linux since kernel 2.4;
glibc support is provided since version 2.3. glibc support is provided since version 2.3.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These system calls are Linux-specific. These system calls are Linux-specific.
.\" .SH AUTHORS .\" .SH AUTHORS
.\" Andreas Gruenbacher, .\" Andreas Gruenbacher,

View File

@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Only process 0 may call
Any user process, even a process with superuser permission, Any user process, even a process with superuser permission,
will receive will receive
.BR EPERM . .BR EPERM .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
.BR idle () .BR idle ()
never returns for process 0, and always returns \-1 for a user process. never returns for process 0, and always returns \-1 for a user process.
.SH ERRORS .SH ERRORS
@ -58,6 +58,6 @@ never returns for process 0, and always returns \-1 for a user process.
Always, for a user process. Always, for a user process.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
Since Linux 2.3.13, this system call does not exist anymore. Since Linux 2.3.13, this system call does not exist anymore.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This function is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs This function is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.

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@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ If the kernel is built to permit forced loading (i.e., configured with
then loading will continue, otherwise it will fail with then loading will continue, otherwise it will fail with
.B ENOEXEC .B ENOEXEC
as expected for malformed modules. as expected for malformed modules.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, these system calls return 0. On success, these system calls return 0.
On error, \-1 is returned and On error, \-1 is returned and
.I errno .I errno
@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ function.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
.B finit_module () .B finit_module ()
is available since Linux 3.8. is available since Linux 3.8.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR init_module () .BR init_module ()
and and
.BR finit_module () .BR finit_module ()
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ and
are expected to point within the module body and be are expected to point within the module body and be
initialized as appropriate for kernel space, that is, relocated with initialized as appropriate for kernel space, that is, relocated with
the rest of the module. the rest of the module.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR create_module (2), .BR create_module (2),
.BR delete_module (2), .BR delete_module (2),
.BR query_module (2), .BR query_module (2),

View File

@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ structures (see
indicating file system events; indicating file system events;
the watch descriptor inside this structure identifies the watch descriptor inside this structure identifies
the object for which the event occurred. the object for which the event occurred.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR inotify_add_watch () .BR inotify_add_watch ()
returns a nonnegative watch descriptor. returns a nonnegative watch descriptor.
@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ The user limit on the total number of inotify watches was reached or the
kernel failed to allocate a needed resource. kernel failed to allocate a needed resource.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
Inotify was merged into the 2.6.13 Linux kernel. Inotify was merged into the 2.6.13 Linux kernel.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This system call is Linux-specific. This system call is Linux-specific.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR inotify_init (2), .BR inotify_init (2),
.BR inotify_rm_watch (2), .BR inotify_rm_watch (2),
.BR inotify (7) .BR inotify (7)

View File

@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ See the description of the
flag in flag in
.BR open (2) .BR open (2)
for reasons why this may be useful. for reasons why this may be useful.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, these system calls return a new file descriptor. On success, these system calls return a new file descriptor.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.BR inotify_init1 () .BR inotify_init1 ()
was added in Linux 2.6.27; was added in Linux 2.6.27;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.9. library support was added to glibc in version 2.9.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These system calls are Linux-specific. These system calls are Linux-specific.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR inotify_add_watch (2), .BR inotify_add_watch (2),
.BR inotify_rm_watch (2), .BR inotify_rm_watch (2),
.BR inotify (7) .BR inotify (7)

View File

@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Removing a watch causes an
event to be generated for this watch descriptor. event to be generated for this watch descriptor.
(See (See
.BR inotify (7).) .BR inotify (7).)
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR inotify_rm_watch () .BR inotify_rm_watch ()
returns zero, or \-1 if an error occurred (in which case, returns zero, or \-1 if an error occurred (in which case,
@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ is not valid; or
is not an inotify file descriptor. is not an inotify file descriptor.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
Inotify was merged into the 2.6.13 Linux kernel. Inotify was merged into the 2.6.13 Linux kernel.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This system call is Linux-specific. This system call is Linux-specific.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR inotify_add_watch (2), .BR inotify_add_watch (2),
.BR inotify_init (2), .BR inotify_init (2),
.BR inotify (7) .BR inotify (7)

View File

@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ header files.)
In such cases, the required macro is described in the man page. In such cases, the required macro is described in the man page.
For further information on feature test macros, see For further information on feature test macros, see
.BR feature_test_macros (7). .BR feature_test_macros (7).
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
Certain terms and abbreviations are used to indicate UNIX variants Certain terms and abbreviations are used to indicate UNIX variants
and standards to which calls in this section conform. and standards to which calls in this section conform.
See See
@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ described in
Look at the header of the manual page source for the author(s) and copyright Look at the header of the manual page source for the author(s) and copyright
conditions. conditions.
Note that these can be different from page to page! Note that these can be different from page to page!
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.ad l .ad l
.nh .nh
.BR _syscall (2), .BR _syscall (2),

View File

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
.TH IO_CANCEL 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH IO_CANCEL 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
io_cancel \- cancel an outstanding asynchronous I/O operation io_cancel \- cancel an outstanding asynchronous I/O operation
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.nf .nf
.BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */" .BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */"
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ io_cancel \- cancel an outstanding asynchronous I/O operation
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR io_cancel () .BR io_cancel ()
@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ argument is the AIO context ID of the operation to be canceled.
If the AIO context is found, the event will be canceled and then copied If the AIO context is found, the event will be canceled and then copied
into the memory pointed to by \fIresult\fP without being placed into the memory pointed to by \fIresult\fP without being placed
into the completion queue. into the completion queue.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR io_cancel () .BR io_cancel ()
returns 0. returns 0.
For the failure return, see NOTES. For the failure return, see NOTES.
.SH "ERRORS" .SH ERRORS
.TP .TP
.B EAGAIN .B EAGAIN
The \fIiocb\fP specified was not canceled. The \fIiocb\fP specified was not canceled.
@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ The AIO context specified by \fIctx_id\fP is invalid.
.B ENOSYS .B ENOSYS
.BR io_cancel () .BR io_cancel ()
is not implemented on this architecture. is not implemented on this architecture.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5. The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.PP .PP
.BR io_cancel () .BR io_cancel ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used is Linux-specific and should not be used
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ then the return value follows the usual conventions for
indicating an error: \-1, with indicating an error: \-1, with
.I errno .I errno
set to a (positive) value that indicates the error. set to a (positive) value that indicates the error.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR io_destroy (2), .BR io_destroy (2),
.BR io_getevents (2), .BR io_getevents (2),
.BR io_setup (2), .BR io_setup (2),

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
.TH IO_DESTROY 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH IO_DESTROY 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
io_destroy \- destroy an asynchronous I/O context io_destroy \- destroy an asynchronous I/O context
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.nf .nf
.BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */" .BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */"
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ io_destroy \- destroy an asynchronous I/O context
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR io_destroy () .BR io_destroy ()
@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ from the list of
I/O contexts and then destroys it. I/O contexts and then destroys it.
It can also cancel any outstanding asynchronous I/O It can also cancel any outstanding asynchronous I/O
actions on \fIctx_id\fP and block on completion. actions on \fIctx_id\fP and block on completion.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR io_destroy () .BR io_destroy ()
returns 0. returns 0.
For the failure return, see NOTES. For the failure return, see NOTES.
.SH "ERRORS" .SH ERRORS
.TP .TP
.B EFAULT .B EFAULT
The context pointed to is invalid. The context pointed to is invalid.
@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ The AIO context specified by \fIctx_id\fP is invalid.
.B ENOSYS .B ENOSYS
.BR io_destroy () .BR io_destroy ()
is not implemented on this architecture. is not implemented on this architecture.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5. The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.PP .PP
.BR io_destroy () .BR io_destroy ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ then the return value follows the usual conventions for
indicating an error: \-1, with indicating an error: \-1, with
.I errno .I errno
set to a (positive) value that indicates the error. set to a (positive) value that indicates the error.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR io_cancel (2), .BR io_cancel (2),
.BR io_getevents (2), .BR io_getevents (2),
.BR io_setup (2), .BR io_setup (2),

View File

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
.TH IO_GETEVENTS 2 2012-11-11 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH IO_GETEVENTS 2 2012-11-11 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
io_getevents \- read asynchronous I/O events from the completion queue io_getevents \- read asynchronous I/O events from the completion queue
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.nf .nf
.BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */" .BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */"
.BR "#include <linux/time.h>" " /* Defines 'struct timespec' */" .BR "#include <linux/time.h>" " /* Defines 'struct timespec' */"
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ io_getevents \- read asynchronous I/O events from the completion queue
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR io_getevents () .BR io_getevents ()
@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ where a NULL timeout waits until at least \fImin_nr\fP events
have been seen. have been seen.
Note that \fItimeout\fP is relative and will be updated if not NULL Note that \fItimeout\fP is relative and will be updated if not NULL
and the operation blocks. and the operation blocks.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR io_getevents () .BR io_getevents ()
returns the number of events read: 0 if no events are returns the number of events read: 0 if no events are
available, or less than \fImin_nr\fP if the \fItimeout\fP has elapsed. available, or less than \fImin_nr\fP if the \fItimeout\fP has elapsed.
For the failure return, see NOTES. For the failure return, see NOTES.
.SH "ERRORS" .SH ERRORS
.TP .TP
.B EFAULT .B EFAULT
Either \fIevents\fP or \fItimeout\fP is an invalid pointer. Either \fIevents\fP or \fItimeout\fP is an invalid pointer.
@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ Interrupted by a signal handler; see
.B ENOSYS .B ENOSYS
.BR io_getevents () .BR io_getevents ()
is not implemented on this architecture. is not implemented on this architecture.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5. The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.PP .PP
.BR io_getevents () .BR io_getevents ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in is Linux-specific and should not be used in
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ An invalid
.IR ctx_id .IR ctx_id
may cause a segmentation fault instead of genenerating the error may cause a segmentation fault instead of genenerating the error
.BR EINVAL . .BR EINVAL .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.PP .PP
.BR io_cancel (2), .BR io_cancel (2),
.BR io_destroy (2), .BR io_destroy (2),

View File

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
.TH IO_SETUP 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH IO_SETUP 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
io_setup \- create an asynchronous I/O context io_setup \- create an asynchronous I/O context
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.nf .nf
.BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */" .BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */"
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ io_setup \- create an asynchronous I/O context
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR io_setup () .BR io_setup ()
@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ argument must not point to an AIO context that already exists, and must
be initialized to 0 prior to the call. be initialized to 0 prior to the call.
On successful creation of the AIO context, \fI*ctx_idp\fP is filled in On successful creation of the AIO context, \fI*ctx_idp\fP is filled in
with the resulting handle. with the resulting handle.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR io_setup () .BR io_setup ()
returns 0. returns 0.
For the failure return, see NOTES. For the failure return, see NOTES.
.SH "ERRORS" .SH ERRORS
.TP .TP
.B EAGAIN .B EAGAIN
The specified \fInr_events\fP exceeds the user's limit of available events. The specified \fInr_events\fP exceeds the user's limit of available events.
@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ Insufficient kernel resources are available.
.B ENOSYS .B ENOSYS
.BR io_setup () .BR io_setup ()
is not implemented on this architecture. is not implemented on this architecture.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5. The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.PP .PP
.BR io_setup () .BR io_setup ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ then the return value follows the usual conventions for
indicating an error: \-1, with indicating an error: \-1, with
.I errno .I errno
set to a (positive) value that indicates the error. set to a (positive) value that indicates the error.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR io_cancel (2), .BR io_cancel (2),
.BR io_destroy (2), .BR io_destroy (2),
.BR io_getevents (2), .BR io_getevents (2),

View File

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
.TH IO_SUBMIT 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" .TH IO_SUBMIT 2 2012-07-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME .SH NAME
io_submit \- submit asynchronous I/O blocks for processing io_submit \- submit asynchronous I/O blocks for processing
.SH "SYNOPSIS" .SH SYNOPSIS
.nf .nf
.BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */" .BR "#include <linux/aio_abi.h>" " /* Defines needed types */"
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ io_submit \- submit asynchronous I/O blocks for processing
.IR Note : .IR Note :
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES. There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
.SH "DESCRIPTION" .SH DESCRIPTION
.PP .PP
The The
.BR io_submit () .BR io_submit ()
@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ The
.I iocbpp .I iocbpp
argument should be an array of \fInr\fP AIO control blocks, argument should be an array of \fInr\fP AIO control blocks,
which will be submitted to context \fIctx_id\fP. which will be submitted to context \fIctx_id\fP.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR io_submit () .BR io_submit ()
returns the number of \fIiocb\fPs submitted (which may be returns the number of \fIiocb\fPs submitted (which may be
0 if \fInr\fP is zero). 0 if \fInr\fP is zero).
For the failure return, see NOTES. For the failure return, see NOTES.
.SH "ERRORS" .SH ERRORS
.TP .TP
.B EAGAIN .B EAGAIN
Insufficient resources are available to queue any \fIiocb\fPs. Insufficient resources are available to queue any \fIiocb\fPs.
@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ in the \fIiocb\fP.
.B ENOSYS .B ENOSYS
.BR io_submit () .BR io_submit ()
is not implemented on this architecture. is not implemented on this architecture.
.SH "VERSIONS" .SH VERSIONS
.PP .PP
The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5. The asynchronous I/O system calls first appeared in Linux 2.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.PP .PP
.BR io_submit () .BR io_submit ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in is Linux-specific and should not be used in
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ then the return value follows the usual conventions for
indicating an error: \-1, with indicating an error: \-1, with
.I errno .I errno
set to a (positive) value that indicates the error. set to a (positive) value that indicates the error.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR io_cancel (2), .BR io_cancel (2),
.BR io_destroy (2), .BR io_destroy (2),
.BR io_getevents (2), .BR io_getevents (2),

View File

@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Macros and defines used in specifying an
.I request .I request
are located in the file are located in the file
.IR <sys/ioctl.h> . .IR <sys/ioctl.h> .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
Usually, on success zero is returned. Usually, on success zero is returned.
A few A few
.BR ioctl () .BR ioctl ()
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ call has unwanted side effects, that can be avoided under Linux
by giving it the by giving it the
.B O_NONBLOCK .B O_NONBLOCK
flag. flag.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR execve (2), .BR execve (2),
.BR fcntl (2), .BR fcntl (2),
.BR ioctl_list (2), .BR ioctl_list (2),

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@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ or because of legacy values.
Thus, it seems that the new structure only gave disadvantages: Thus, it seems that the new structure only gave disadvantages:
it does not help in checking, but it causes varying values it does not help in checking, but it causes varying values
for the various architectures. for the various architectures.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
Decent ioctls return 0 on success and \-1 on error, while Decent ioctls return 0 on success and \-1 on error, while
any output value is stored via the argument. any output value is stored via the argument.
However, However,

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@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ programs.
This call is mostly for the i386 architecture. This call is mostly for the i386 architecture.
On many other architectures it does not exist or will always On many other architectures it does not exist or will always
return an error. return an error.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Out of memory.
.TP .TP
.B EPERM .B EPERM
The calling process has insufficient privilege. The calling process has insufficient privilege.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR ioperm () .BR ioperm ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
@ -105,6 +105,6 @@ Glibc2 has a prototype both in
and in and in
.IR <sys/perm.h> . .IR <sys/perm.h> .
Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only. Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR iopl (2), .BR iopl (2),
.BR capabilities (7) .BR capabilities (7)

View File

@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ The I/O privilege level for a normal process is 0.
This call is mostly for the i386 architecture. This call is mostly for the i386 architecture.
On many other architectures it does not exist or will always On many other architectures it does not exist or will always
return an error. return an error.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ The calling process has insufficient privilege to call
the the
.B CAP_SYS_RAWIO .B CAP_SYS_RAWIO
capability is required. capability is required.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR iopl () .BR iopl ()
is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs that are is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs that are
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
@ -95,6 +95,6 @@ Glibc2 has a prototype both in
and in and in
.IR <sys/perm.h> . .IR <sys/perm.h> .
Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only. Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR ioperm (2), .BR ioperm (2),
.BR capabilities (7) .BR capabilities (7)

View File

@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ writes.
I/O priorities are not supported for asynchronous I/O priorities are not supported for asynchronous
writes because they are issued outside the context of the program writes because they are issued outside the context of the program
dirtying the memory, and thus program-specific priorities do not apply. dirtying the memory, and thus program-specific priorities do not apply.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR ioprio_get () .BR ioprio_get ()
returns the returns the
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ and
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
These system calls have been available on Linux since These system calls have been available on Linux since
kernel 2.6.13. kernel 2.6.13.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These system calls are Linux-specific. These system calls are Linux-specific.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Glibc does not provide a wrapper for these system calls; call them using Glibc does not provide a wrapper for these system calls; call them using
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ Glibc does not yet provide a suitable header file defining
the function prototypes and macros described on this page. the function prototypes and macros described on this page.
Suitable definitions can be found in Suitable definitions can be found in
.IR linux/ioprio.h . .IR linux/ioprio.h .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR ionice (1), .BR ionice (1),
.BR getpriority (2), .BR getpriority (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ the other arguments are passed through to the appropriate call.
User programs should call the appropriate functions by their usual names. User programs should call the appropriate functions by their usual names.
Only standard library implementors and kernel hackers need to know about Only standard library implementors and kernel hackers need to know about
.BR ipc (). .BR ipc ().
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR ipc () .BR ipc ()
is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ system call; instead
.BR semctl (2), .BR semctl (2),
.BR shmctl (2), .BR shmctl (2),
and so on really are implemented as separate system calls. and so on really are implemented as separate system calls.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR msgctl (2), .BR msgctl (2),
.BR msgget (2), .BR msgget (2),
.BR msgrcv (2), .BR msgrcv (2),

View File

@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ is not protected against false positives which may have place if tasks are
running. running.
Which means one should stop tasks being inspected with this syscall to obtain Which means one should stop tasks being inspected with this syscall to obtain
meaningful results. meaningful results.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
The return value of a successful call to The return value of a successful call to
.BR kcmp () .BR kcmp ()
is simply the result of arithmetic comparison is simply the result of arithmetic comparison
@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ does not exist.
The The
.BR kcmp () .BR kcmp ()
system call first appeared in Linux 3.5. system call first appeared in Linux 3.5.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR kcmp () .BR kcmp ()
is Linux specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable. is Linux specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
@ -215,6 +215,6 @@ See
.BR clone (2) .BR clone (2)
for some background information on the shared resources for some background information on the shared resources
referred to on this page. referred to on this page.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR clone (2), .BR clone (2),
.BR unshare (2) .BR unshare (2)

View File

@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ In the case of
.B SIGCONT .B SIGCONT
it suffices when the sending and receiving it suffices when the sending and receiving
processes belong to the same session. processes belong to the same session.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success (at least one signal was sent), zero is returned. On success (at least one signal was sent), zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ a process which already committed termination, but
has not yet been has not yet been
.BR wait (2)ed .BR wait (2)ed
for. for.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
The only signals that can be sent to process ID 1, the The only signals that can be sent to process ID 1, the
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ if the caller did not have permission to send the signal to \fIany\fP (rather
than \fIall\fP) of the members of the process group. than \fIall\fP) of the members of the process group.
Notwithstanding this error return, the signal was still delivered Notwithstanding this error return, the signal was still delivered
to all of the processes for which the caller had permission to signal. to all of the processes for which the caller had permission to signal.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR _exit (2), .BR _exit (2),
.BR killpg (2), .BR killpg (2),
.BR signal (2), .BR signal (2),

View File

@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ In the case of
.B SIGCONT .B SIGCONT
it suffices when the sending and receiving it suffices when the sending and receiving
processes belong to the same session. processes belong to the same session.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ No process can be found in the process group specified by
.B ESRCH .B ESRCH
The process group was given as 0 but the sending process does not The process group was given as 0 but the sending process does not
have a process group. have a process group.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (the SVr4, 4.4BSD (the
.BR killpg () .BR killpg ()
function call first appeared in 4BSD), POSIX.1-2001. function call first appeared in 4BSD), POSIX.1-2001.
@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ On Linux,
.BR killpg () .BR killpg ()
is implemented as a library function that makes the call is implemented as a library function that makes the call
.IR "kill(-pgrp,\ sig)" . .IR "kill(-pgrp,\ sig)" .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getpgrp (2), .BR getpgrp (2),
.BR kill (2), .BR kill (2),
.BR signal (2), .BR signal (2),

View File

@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ This new name may be used exactly as the old one for any operation;
both names refer to the same file (and so have the same permissions both names refer to the same file (and so have the same permissions
and ownership) and it is impossible to tell which name was the and ownership) and it is impossible to tell which name was the
"original". "original".
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ are not on the same mounted file system.
.BR link () .BR link ()
does not work across different mount points, does not work across different mount points,
even if the same file system is mounted on both.) even if the same file system is mounted on both.)
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001 (but see NOTES). SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001 (but see NOTES).
.\" SVr4 documents additional ENOLINK and .\" SVr4 documents additional ENOLINK and
.\" EMULTIHOP error conditions; POSIX.1 does not document ELOOP. .\" EMULTIHOP error conditions; POSIX.1 does not document ELOOP.
@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ performs the link creation and dies before it can say so.
Use Use
.BR stat (2) .BR stat (2)
to find out if the link got created. to find out if the link got created.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR ln (1), .BR ln (1),
.BR linkat (2), .BR linkat (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),

View File

@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ to be dereferenced if it is a symbolic link.
Before kernel 2.6.18, the Before kernel 2.6.18, the
.I flags .I flags
argument was unused, and had to be specified as 0. argument was unused, and had to be specified as 0.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR linkat () .BR linkat ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ and
.BR linkat () .BR linkat ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16;
library support was added to glibc in version 2.4. library support was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
See See
.BR openat (2) .BR openat (2)
for an explanation of the need for for an explanation of the need for
.BR linkat (). .BR linkat ().
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR link (2), .BR link (2),
.BR openat (2), .BR openat (2),
.BR path_resolution (7), .BR path_resolution (7),

View File

@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ may receive an error with an indication of
.B ECONNREFUSED .B ECONNREFUSED
or, if the underlying protocol supports retransmission, the request may be or, if the underlying protocol supports retransmission, the request may be
ignored so that a later reattempt at connection succeeds. ignored so that a later reattempt at connection succeeds.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On success, zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned, and On error, \-1 is returned, and
.I errno .I errno
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ is not a socket.
The socket is not of a type that supports the The socket is not of a type that supports the
.BR listen () .BR listen ()
operation. operation.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001. 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
The The
.BR listen () .BR listen ()
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ with the value 128.
.SH EXAMPLE .SH EXAMPLE
See See
.BR bind (2). .BR bind (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR accept (2), .BR accept (2),
.BR bind (2), .BR bind (2),
.BR connect (2), .BR connect (2),

View File

@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ can also occur.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
These system calls have been available on Linux since kernel 2.4; These system calls have been available on Linux since kernel 2.4;
glibc support is provided since version 2.3. glibc support is provided since version 2.3.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
These system calls are Linux-specific. These system calls are Linux-specific.
.\" .SH AUTHORS .\" .SH AUTHORS
.\" Andreas Gruenbacher, .\" Andreas Gruenbacher,

View File

@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ or
respectively. respectively.
It returns the resulting file position in the argument It returns the resulting file position in the argument
.IR result . .IR result .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, Upon successful completion,
.BR _llseek () .BR _llseek ()
returns 0. returns 0.
@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ Problem with copying results to user space.
.B EINVAL .B EINVAL
.I whence .I whence
is invalid. is invalid.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
This function is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs This function is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs
intended to be portable. intended to be portable.
.SH NOTES .SH NOTES
Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
.BR syscall (2). .BR syscall (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR lseek (2), .BR lseek (2),
.BR lseek64 (3) .BR lseek64 (3)

View File

@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ For
.BR lookup_dcookie () .BR lookup_dcookie ()
to return successfully, to return successfully,
the kernel must still hold a cookie reference to the directory entry. the kernel must still hold a cookie reference to the directory entry.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR lookup_dcookie () .BR lookup_dcookie ()
returns the length of the path string copied into the buffer. returns the length of the path string copied into the buffer.
@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ Available since Linux 2.5.43.
The The
.B ENAMETOOLONG .B ENAMETOOLONG
error return was added in 2.5.70. error return was added in 2.5.70.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR lookup_dcookie () .BR lookup_dcookie ()
is Linux-specific. is Linux-specific.
.SH "NOTES" .SH NOTES
.BR lookup_dcookie () .BR lookup_dcookie ()
is a special-purpose system call, currently used only by the oprofile profiler. is a special-purpose system call, currently used only by the oprofile profiler.
It relies on a kernel driver to register cookies for directory entries. It relies on a kernel driver to register cookies for directory entries.

View File

@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ it can be considered to consist of data that is a sequence of zeros).
.\" https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/4/22/79 .\" https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/4/22/79
.\" http://lwn.net/Articles/440255/ .\" http://lwn.net/Articles/440255/
.\" http://blogs.oracle.com/bonwick/entry/seek_hole_and_seek_data .\" http://blogs.oracle.com/bonwick/entry/seek_hole_and_seek_data
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, Upon successful completion,
.BR lseek () .BR lseek ()
returns the resulting offset location as measured in bytes from the returns the resulting offset location as measured in bytes from the
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ is
or or
.BR SEEK_HOLE , .BR SEEK_HOLE ,
and the current file offset is beyond the end of the file. and the current file offset is beyond the end of the file.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.BR SEEK_DATA .BR SEEK_DATA
@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ or
.BR fork (2) .BR fork (2)
share the current file position pointer, so seeking on such files may be share the current file position pointer, so seeking on such files may be
subject to race conditions. subject to race conditions.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR dup (2), .BR dup (2),
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),
.BR open (2), .BR open (2),

View File

@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ file (see
.BR MADV_DODUMP " (since Linux 3.4)" .BR MADV_DODUMP " (since Linux 3.4)"
Undo the effect of an earlier Undo the effect of an earlier
.BR MADV_DONTDUMP . .BR MADV_DONTDUMP .
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success On success
.BR madvise () .BR madvise ()
returns zero. returns zero.
@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ Not enough memory: paging in failed.
.B ENOMEM .B ENOMEM
Addresses in the specified range are not currently Addresses in the specified range are not currently
mapped, or are outside the address space of the process. mapped, or are outside the address space of the process.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1b. POSIX.1b.
POSIX.1-2001 describes POSIX.1-2001 describes
.BR posix_madvise (3) .BR posix_madvise (3)
@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ from the system call, as it should).
.\" The .\" The
.\" .BR madvise () .\" .BR madvise ()
.\" function first appeared in 4.4BSD. .\" function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR getrlimit (2), .BR getrlimit (2),
.BR mincore (2), .BR mincore (2),
.BR mmap (2), .BR mmap (2),

View File

@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Pages shared with another process will only be moved if the initiating
process has the process has the
.B CAP_SYS_NICE .B CAP_SYS_NICE
privilege. privilege.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success On success
.BR migrate_pages () .BR migrate_pages ()
returns the number of pages that could not be moved returns the number of pages that could not be moved
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ The
system call first appeared on Linux in version 2.6.16. system call first appeared on Linux in version 2.6.16.
.SH CONFORMING TO .SH CONFORMING TO
This system call is Linux-specific. This system call is Linux-specific.
.SH "NOTES" .SH NOTES
For information on library support, see For information on library support, see
.BR numa (7). .BR numa (7).
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ The
header is not included with glibc, but requires installing header is not included with glibc, but requires installing
.I libnuma-devel .I libnuma-devel
or a similar package. or a similar package.
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR get_mempolicy (2), .BR get_mempolicy (2),
.BR mbind (2), .BR mbind (2),
.BR set_mempolicy (2), .BR set_mempolicy (2),

View File

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ is only a snapshot: pages that are not
locked in memory can come and go at any moment, and the contents of locked in memory can come and go at any moment, and the contents of
.I vec .I vec
may already be stale by the time this call returns. may already be stale by the time this call returns.
.SH "RETURN VALUE" .SH RETURN VALUE
On success, On success,
.BR mincore () .BR mincore ()
returns zero. returns zero.
@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ to
contained unmapped memory. contained unmapped memory.
.SH VERSIONS .SH VERSIONS
Available since Linux 2.3.99pre1 and glibc 2.2. Available since Linux 2.3.99pre1 and glibc 2.2.
.SH "CONFORMING TO" .SH CONFORMING TO
.BR mincore () .BR mincore ()
is not specified in POSIX.1-2001, is not specified in POSIX.1-2001,
and it is not available on all UNIX implementations. and it is not available on all UNIX implementations.
@ -163,6 +163,6 @@ mappings, or for nonlinear mappings (established using
.\" .B mincore .\" .B mincore
.\" always fails with the error .\" always fails with the error
.\" .BR ENOMEM . .\" .BR ENOMEM .
.SH "SEE ALSO" .SH SEE ALSO
.BR mlock (2), .BR mlock (2),
.BR mmap (2) .BR mmap (2)

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