2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
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2007-06-20 22:33:04 +00:00
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.TH "IPCS" 1P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.\" ipcs
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2007-09-20 06:03:25 +00:00
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.SH PROLOG
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This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
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The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
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the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
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or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
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2004-11-03 13:51:07 +00:00
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.SH NAME
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ipcs \- report XSI interprocess communication facilities status
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.LP
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\fBipcs\fP \fB[\fP\fB-qms\fP\fB][\fP\fB-a | -bcopt\fP\fB]\fP\fB\fP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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The \fIipcs\fP utility shall write information about active interprocess
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communication facilities.
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.LP
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Without options, information shall be written in short format for
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message queues, shared memory segments, and semaphore sets
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that are currently active in the system. Otherwise, the information
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that is displayed is controlled by the options specified.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.LP
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The \fIipcs\fP facility supports the Base Definitions volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001,
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Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
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.LP
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The \fIipcs\fP utility accepts the following options:
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.TP 7
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\fB-q\fP
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Write information about active message queues.
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.TP 7
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\fB-m\fP
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Write information about active shared memory segments.
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.TP 7
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\fB-s\fP
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Write information about active semaphore sets.
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.sp
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.LP
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If \fB-q\fP, \fB-m\fP, or \fB-s\fP are specified, only information
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about those facilities shall be written. If none of these
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three are specified, information about all three shall be written
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subject to the following options:
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.TP 7
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\fB-a\fP
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Use all print options. (This is a shorthand notation for \fB-b\fP,
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\fB-c\fP, \fB-o\fP, \fB-p\fP, and \fB-t\fP.)
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.TP 7
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\fB-b\fP
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Write information on maximum allowable size. (Maximum number of bytes
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in messages on queue for message queues, size of segments
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for shared memory, and number of semaphores in each set for semaphores.)
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.TP 7
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\fB-c\fP
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Write creator's user name and group name; see below.
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.TP 7
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\fB-o\fP
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Write information on outstanding usage. (Number of messages on queue
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and total number of bytes in messages on queue for message
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queues, and number of processes attached to shared memory segments.)
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.TP 7
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\fB-p\fP
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Write process number information. (Process ID of the last process
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to send a message and process ID of the last process to
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receive a message on message queues, process ID of the creating process,
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and process ID of the last process to attach or detach on
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shared memory segments.)
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.TP 7
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\fB-t\fP
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Write time information. (Time of the last control operation that changed
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the access permissions for all facilities, time of the
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last \fImsgsnd\fP() and \fImsgrcv\fP() operations
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on message queues, time of the last \fIshmat\fP() and \fIshmdt\fP()
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operations on shared memory, and time of the last \fIsemop\fP() operation
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on semaphores.)
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.sp
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.SH OPERANDS
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.LP
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None.
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.SH STDIN
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.LP
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Not used.
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.SH INPUT FILES
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.IP " *" 3
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The group database
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.LP
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.IP " *" 3
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The user database
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.LP
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.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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.LP
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The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
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\fIipcs\fP:
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.TP 7
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\fILANG\fP
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Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that
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are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
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IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables
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for
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the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
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the values of locale categories.)
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.TP 7
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\fILC_ALL\fP
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If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
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other internationalization variables.
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.TP 7
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\fILC_CTYPE\fP
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Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
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of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
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opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments).
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.TP 7
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\fILC_MESSAGES\fP
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Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
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contents of diagnostic messages written to standard
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error.
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.TP 7
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\fINLSPATH\fP
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Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of \fILC_MESSAGES
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\&.\fP
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.TP 7
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\fITZ\fP
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Determine the timezone for the date and time strings written by \fIipcs\fP.
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If \fITZ\fP is unset or null, an unspecified
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default timezone shall be used.
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.sp
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.SH ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
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.LP
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Default.
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.SH STDOUT
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.LP
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An introductory line shall be written with the format:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fB"IPC status from %s as of %s\\n", <\fP\fIsource\fP\fB>, <\fP\fIdate\fP\fB>
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\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.LP
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where <\fIsource\fP> indicates the source used to gather the statistics
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and <\fIdate\fP> is the information that
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would be produced by the \fIdate\fP command when invoked in the POSIX
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locale.
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.LP
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The \fIipcs\fP utility then shall create up to three reports depending
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upon the \fB-q\fP, \fB-m\fP, and \fB-s\fP options.
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The first report shall indicate the status of message queues, the
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second report shall indicate the status of shared memory
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segments, and the third report shall indicate the status of semaphore
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sets.
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.LP
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If the corresponding facility is not installed or has not been used
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since the last reboot, then the report shall be written out
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in the format:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fB"%s facility not in system.\\n", <\fP\fIfacility\fP\fB>
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\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.LP
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where <\fIfacility\fP> is \fIMessage Queue\fP, \fIShared Memory\fP,
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or \fISemaphore\fP, as appropriate. If the
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facility has been installed and has been used since the last reboot,
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column headings separated by one or more spaces and followed
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by a <newline> shall be written as indicated below followed by the
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facility name written out using the format:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fB"%s:\\n", <\fP\fIfacility\fP\fB>
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\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.LP
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where <\fIfacility\fP> is \fIMessage Queues\fP, \fIShared Memory\fP,
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or \fISemaphores\fP, as appropriate. On the
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second and third reports the column headings need not be written if
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the last column headings written already provide column
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headings for all information in that report.
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.LP
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The column headings provided in the first column below and the meaning
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of the information in those columns shall be given in
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order below; the letters in parentheses indicate the options that
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shall cause the corresponding column to appear; "all" means
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that the column shall always appear. Each column is separated by one
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or more <space>s. Note that these options only determine
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what information is provided for each report; they do not determine
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which reports are written.
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.TP 7
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T (all)
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Type of facility:
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.TP 7
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\fBq\fP
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.RS
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Message queue.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fBm\fP
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.RS
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Shared memory segment.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fBs\fP
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.RS
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Semaphore.
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.RE
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.sp
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.LP
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This field is a single character written using the format \fB%c\fP
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\&.
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.TP 7
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ID (all)
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The identifier for the facility entry. This field shall be written
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using the format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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KEY (all)
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The key used as an argument to \fImsgget\fP(), \fIsemget\fP(), or
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\fIshmget\fP() to create the facility
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entry.
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.TP 7
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\fBNote:\fP
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.RS
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The key of a shared memory segment is changed to IPC_PRIVATE when
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the segment has been removed until all processes attached to
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the segment detach it.
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.RE
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.sp
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This field shall be written using the format \fB0x%x\fP.
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.TP 7
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MODE (all)
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The facility access modes and flags. The mode shall consist of 11
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characters that are interpreted as follows.
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.LP
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The first character shall be:
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.TP 7
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\fBS\fP
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.RS
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If a process is waiting on a \fImsgsnd\fP() operation.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fB-\fP
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.RS
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If the above is not true.
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.RE
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.sp
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.LP
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The second character shall be:
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.TP 7
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\fBR\fP
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.RS
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If a process is waiting on a \fImsgrcv\fP() operation.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fBC\fP\ or\ \fB-\fP
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.RS
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If the associated shared memory segment is to be cleared when the
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first attach operation is executed.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fB-\fP
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.RS
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If none of the above is true.
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.RE
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.sp
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.LP
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The next nine characters shall be interpreted as three sets of three
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bits each. The first set refers to the owner's permissions;
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the next to permissions of others in the usergroup of the facility
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entry; and the last to all others. Within each set, the first
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character indicates permission to read, the second character indicates
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permission to write or alter the facility entry, and the
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last character is a minus sign ( \fB'-'\fP ).
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.LP
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The permissions shall be indicated as follows:
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.TP 7
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\fIr\fP
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.RS
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If read permission is granted.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fIw\fP
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.RS
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If write permission is granted.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fIa\fP
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.RS
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If alter permission is granted.
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.RE
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.TP 7
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\fB-\fP
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.RS
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If the indicated permission is not granted.
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.RE
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.sp
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.LP
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The first character following the permissions specifies if there is
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an alternate or additional access control method associated
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with the facility. If there is no alternate or additional access control
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method associated with the facility, a single
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<space> shall be written; otherwise, another printable character is
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written.
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.TP 7
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OWNER (all)
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The user name of the owner of the facility entry. If the user name
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of the owner is found in the user database, at least the
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first eight column positions of the name shall be written using the
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format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the user ID of the owner shall
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be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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GROUP (all)
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The group name of the owner of the facility entry. If the group name
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of the owner is found in the group database, at least the
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first eight column positions of the name shall be written using the
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format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the group ID of the owner shall
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be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
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.sp
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.LP
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The following nine columns shall be only written out for message queues:
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.TP 7
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CREATOR (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
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The user name of the creator of the facility entry. If the user name
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of the creator is found in the user database, at least the
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first eight column positions of the name shall be written using the
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format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the user ID of the creator
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shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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CGROUP (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
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The group name of the creator of the facility entry. If the group
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name of the creator is found in the group database, at least
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the first eight column positions of the name shall be written using
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the format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the group ID of the creator
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shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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CBYTES (\fBa\fP,\fBo\fP)
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The number of bytes in messages currently outstanding on the associated
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message queue. This field shall be written using the
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format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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QNUM (\fBa\fP,\fBo\fP)
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The number of messages currently outstanding on the associated message
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queue. This field shall be written using the format
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\fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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QBYTES (\fBa\fP,\fBb\fP)
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The maximum number of bytes allowed in messages outstanding on the
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associated message queue. This field shall be written using
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the format \fB%d\fP .
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.TP 7
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LSPID (\fBa\fP,\fBp\fP)
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The process ID of the last process to send a message to the associated
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queue. This field shall be written using the format:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fB"%d", <\fP\fIpid\fP\fB>
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\fP
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.fi
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
where <\fIpid\fP> is 0 if no message has been sent to the corresponding
|
|
|
|
message queue; otherwise, <\fIpid\fP>
|
|
|
|
shall be the process ID of the last process to send a message to the
|
|
|
|
queue.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
LRPID (\fBa\fP,\fBp\fP)
|
|
|
|
The process ID of the last process to receive a message from the associated
|
|
|
|
queue. This field shall be written using the
|
|
|
|
format:
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\fB"%d", <\fP\fIpid\fP\fB>
|
|
|
|
\fP
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
where <\fIpid\fP> is 0 if no message has been received from the corresponding
|
|
|
|
message queue; otherwise,
|
|
|
|
<\fIpid\fP> shall be the process ID of the last process to receive
|
|
|
|
a message from the queue.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
STIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the last message was sent to the associated queue. If a message
|
|
|
|
has been sent to the corresponding message queue, the
|
|
|
|
hour, minute, and second of the last time a message was sent to the
|
|
|
|
queue shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP :
|
|
|
|
\fB%2.2d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP . Otherwise, the format \fB"\ no-entry"\fP
|
|
|
|
shall be written.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
RTIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the last message was received from the associated queue.
|
|
|
|
If a message has been received from the corresponding message
|
|
|
|
queue, the hour, minute, and second of the last time a message was
|
|
|
|
received from the queue shall be written using the format
|
|
|
|
\fB%d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP . Otherwise, the format \fB"\ no-entry"\fP
|
|
|
|
shall be written.
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The following eight columns shall be only written out for shared memory
|
|
|
|
segments.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CREATOR (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
|
|
|
|
The user of the creator of the facility entry. If the user name of
|
|
|
|
the creator is found in the user database, at least the
|
|
|
|
first eight column positions of the name shall be written using the
|
|
|
|
format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the user ID of the creator
|
|
|
|
shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CGROUP (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
|
|
|
|
The group name of the creator of the facility entry. If the group
|
|
|
|
name of the creator is found in the group database, at least
|
|
|
|
the first eight column positions of the name shall be written using
|
|
|
|
the format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the group ID of the creator
|
|
|
|
shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
NATTCH (\fBa\fP,\fBo\fP)
|
|
|
|
The number of processes attached to the associated shared memory segment.
|
|
|
|
This field shall be written using the format
|
|
|
|
\fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
SEGSZ (\fBa\fP,\fBb\fP)
|
|
|
|
The size of the associated shared memory segment. This field shall
|
|
|
|
be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CPID (\fBa\fP,\fBp\fP)
|
|
|
|
The process ID of the creator of the shared memory entry. This field
|
|
|
|
shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
LPID (\fBa\fP,\fBp\fP)
|
|
|
|
The process ID of the last process to attach or detach the shared
|
|
|
|
memory segment. This field shall be written using the format:
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.RS
|
|
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\fB"%d", <\fP\fIpid\fP\fB>
|
|
|
|
\fP
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
where <\fIpid\fP> is 0 if no process has attached the corresponding
|
|
|
|
shared memory segment; otherwise, <\fIpid\fP>
|
|
|
|
shall be the process ID of the last process to attach or detach the
|
|
|
|
segment.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
ATIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the last attach on the associated shared memory segment was
|
|
|
|
completed. If the corresponding shared memory segment has
|
|
|
|
ever been attached, the hour, minute, and second of the last time
|
|
|
|
the segment was attached shall be written using the format
|
|
|
|
\fB%d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP . Otherwise, the format \fB"\ no-entry"\fP
|
|
|
|
shall be written.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
DTIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the last detach on the associated shared memory segment was
|
|
|
|
completed. If the corresponding shared memory segment has
|
|
|
|
ever been detached, the hour, minute, and second of the last time
|
|
|
|
the segment was detached shall be written using the format
|
|
|
|
\fB%d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP . Otherwise, the format \fB"\ no-entry"\fP
|
|
|
|
shall be written.
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The following four columns shall be only written out for semaphore
|
|
|
|
sets:
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CREATOR (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
|
|
|
|
The user of the creator of the facility entry. If the user name of
|
|
|
|
the creator is found in the user database, at least the
|
|
|
|
first eight column positions of the name shall be written using the
|
|
|
|
format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the user ID of the creator
|
|
|
|
shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CGROUP (\fBa\fP,\fBc\fP)
|
|
|
|
The group name of the creator of the facility entry. If the group
|
|
|
|
name of the creator is found in the group database, at least
|
|
|
|
the first eight column positions of the name shall be written using
|
|
|
|
the format \fB%s\fP . Otherwise, the group ID of the creator
|
|
|
|
shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
NSEMS (\fBa\fP,\fBb\fP)
|
|
|
|
The number of semaphores in the set associated with the semaphore
|
|
|
|
entry. This field shall be written using the format
|
|
|
|
\fB%d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
OTIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the last semaphore operation on the set associated with the
|
|
|
|
semaphore entry was completed. If a semaphore operation
|
|
|
|
has ever been performed on the corresponding semaphore set, the hour,
|
|
|
|
minute, and second of the last semaphore operation on the
|
|
|
|
semaphore set shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP
|
|
|
|
: \fB%2.2d\fP . Otherwise, the format
|
|
|
|
\fB"\ no-entry"\fP shall be written.
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The following column shall be written for all three reports when it
|
|
|
|
is requested:
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
CTIME (\fBa\fP,\fBt\fP)
|
|
|
|
The time the associated entry was created or changed. The hour, minute,
|
|
|
|
and second of the time when the associated entry was
|
|
|
|
created shall be written using the format \fB%d\fP : \fB%2.2d\fP :
|
|
|
|
\fB%2.2d\fP .
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.SH STDERR
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
|
|
|
|
.SH OUTPUT FILES
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
.SH EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
.SH EXIT STATUS
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The following exit values shall be returned:
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
\ 0
|
|
|
|
Successful completion.
|
|
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
|
|
>0
|
|
|
|
An error occurred.
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
|
|
.SH CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
Default.
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
|
|
|
|
.SH APPLICATION USAGE
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
Things can change while \fIipcs\fP is running; the information it
|
|
|
|
gives is guaranteed to be accurate only when it was
|
|
|
|
retrieved.
|
|
|
|
.SH EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
.SH RATIONALE
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
.LP
|
|
|
|
The System Interfaces volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fImsgrcv\fP(),
|
|
|
|
\fImsgsnd\fP(), \fIsemget\fP(), \fIsemop\fP(), \fIshmat\fP(), \fIshmdt\fP(),
|
|
|
|
\fIshmget\fP()
|
|
|
|
.SH COPYRIGHT
|
|
|
|
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
|
|
|
|
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
|
|
|
|
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
|
|
|
|
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
|
|
|
|
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
|
|
|
|
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
|
|
|
|
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
|
|
|
|
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
|
|
|
|
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
|