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publication.
</para>
<!--
<para> Once your LDP document has been carefully reviewed, you
can release your document to the LDP. Send an e-mail with the
source code as an attachment (you may gzip it if you like)
to <email>submit@en.tldp.org</email>. </para>
<para> Be sure to include the name of your work in the subject
line, and use the body to outline changes you've made and attach
your document's source code. This allows the maintainers to do their jobs faster, and
means your revised document will appear on the site faster.
If you haven't heard anything in 5 calendar days,
please follow up with an e-mail to make sure things are still in
process. </para>
<para>If your text contains extras, such as graphics or a
special catalog, create a .tar.gz file with all the files in it,
including the XML source code, and mail it as an attachment to
the submit list.</para>
<para>If you are using the LDP CVS tree while developing
your document, the LDP will still need to be notified when your
document is ready to be published. E-mail should be sent to
<email>submit@en.tldp.org</email>. Indicate
the title of your document and the relative path to the
file(s) in the LDP CVS tree within your message. </para>
<para> To get a CVS account please refer to: <ulink
url="http://tldp.org/cvs/">http://tldp.org/cvs/</ulink>
</para>
</section>
<section id="compilations">
<title>Publishing Compilations of LDP Documents</title>
<para>
If you are interested in publishing a collection of
LDP documents, please visit <ulink
url="http://www.tldp.org/manifesto.html#pub">http://www.tldp.org/manifesto.html#pub</ulink>
for more information.
</para>
</section>
-->
</section>
</chapter>

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@ -85,7 +85,8 @@
<listitem>
<para>
Once your document has been through each of the reviews a Review
Coordinator will add it to the CVS, update the version number to 1.0
Coordinator will approve addint it to the git repository, update the
version number to 1.0
and have the document published on the public Web site.
For more information about your final submission to the LDP, please
read <xref linkend="submission" />.

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<!--
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC '-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN'>
-->
<section id="submission">
<title>Submission to LDP for publication</title>
<note><title>The final step</title><para>
This section contains information on what to do after your
document has received both a technical and language review by the
LDP volunteers.
</para></note>
<para>
As part of the review process a Review Coordinator will add your
document to the git repository (including any associated image files) and
notify the submit mailing list that your document is ready for
publication.
</para>
<para>
Subsequent updates to your document can be made via git if you like. Please read
<xref linkend="git" /> for more information.
</para>
<!--
<para> Once your LDP document has been carefully reviewed, you
can release your document to the LDP. Send an e-mail with the
source code as an attachment (you may gzip it if you like)
to <email>submit@en.tldp.org</email>. </para>
<para> Be sure to include the name of your work in the subject
line, and use the body to outline changes you've made and attach
your document's source code. This allows the maintainers to do their jobs faster, and
means your revised document will appear on the site faster.
If you haven't heard anything in 5 calendar days,
please follow up with an e-mail to make sure things are still in
process. </para>
<para>If your text contains extras, such as graphics or a
special catalog, create a .tar.gz file with all the files in it,
including the XML source code, and mail it as an attachment to
the submit list.</para>
<para>If you are using the LDP CVS tree while developing
your document, the LDP will still need to be notified when your
document is ready to be published. E-mail should be sent to
<email>submit@en.tldp.org</email>. Indicate
the title of your document and the relative path to the
file(s) in the LDP CVS tree within your message. </para>
<para> To get a CVS account please refer to: <ulink
url="http://tldp.org/cvs/">http://tldp.org/cvs/</ulink>
</para>
</section>
<section id="compilations">
<title>Publishing Compilations of LDP Documents</title>
<para>
If you are interested in publishing a collection of
LDP documents, please visit <ulink
url="http://www.tldp.org/manifesto.html#pub">http://www.tldp.org/manifesto.html#pub</ulink>
for more information.
</para>
</section>
-->

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@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
<!--
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC '-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN'>
-->
<para>
The LDP provides optional CVS access to its authors. This enables
collaborative writing and has the following positive effects:
</para>
<orderedlist inheritnum="ignore" continuation="restarts">
<listitem>
<para> CVS will keep an off-site backup of your documents. In
the event that you hand over a document to another author,
they can just retrieve the document from CVS and continue
on. In the event you need to go back to a previous version of
a document, you can retrieve it as well. </para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>However difficult from an organizational point of view, it's great to have multiple people working on the same
document. CVS enables you to do this. You can have CVS tell you what changes were made by another author
while you were editing your copy, and
integrate those changes.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>CVS keeps a log of what changes were made. These logs (and
a date stamp) can be placed automatically inside your documents
when they are published.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para> CVS can be combined with scripts to automatically
update the LDP web site with new documentation as it's written
and submitted. This is not in place yet, but it is a goal.
Currently, CVS updates signal the HOWTO coordinator to
update the LDP web page, meaning that if you use CVS, you're not
required to e-mail your XML code. (Although you do
still need to send the submit list an email when you
are ready for your document to be published, because the whole publishing process has not been fully automated yet.) </para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<note><title>Access to our CVS repository</title>
<para>Only authors with at least three submissions get access to our CVS, see <xref linkend="cvs" />.</para>
</note>

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<!--
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC '-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN'>
-->
<appendix id="cvs">
<title>Concurrent Version System (CVS)</title>
&cvs-why;
<para>
You can browse the LDP CVS repository via the web at <ulink
url="http://cvs.tldp.org/">http://cvs.tldp.org/</ulink>.
</para>
<section id="getaccount">
<title> Getting a CVS account </title>
<caution>
<title>CVS accounts will not be granted to all applicants</title>
<para>To be granted a CVS account you must qualify under one of the following categories:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>authors with documents already in the collection who have made a minimum of three submits to the LDP through <email>submit@en.tldp.org</email></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>technical and language reviewers approved by one of the Review Coordinators</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>new authors in the review process (also requires approval from one of the Review Coordinators)</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Please do not apply for a CVS account if you do not qualify.</para>
</caution>
<para>
If you qualify for a CVS account you may apply for one contacting CVS master Sergiusz <ulink url="mailto:ser@gnu.org" />
Include information about which documents you maintain.
</para>
</section>
<section id="usingcvs">
<title>Using CVS</title>
<section id="cvs-setup">
<title>Setting Up Your CVS Account</title>
<para> First you'll need to get an account at the LDP's CVS
Repository. Please see the notes above on obtaining an account. This repository houses various documents including
HOWTOs and Guides. Documents are sorted by the type of document (for
example a HOWTO or a Guide), and by the markup language the document
uses (for example DocBook or LinuxDoc).
</para>
<para>When your account is ready you can log in using one of the following commands. In all instances <replaceable>your_userid</replaceable> should be replaced by the user name you were issued in the response email. You will be prompted for a password after this first step.</para>
<variablelist>
<title>Initializing Your CVS Account</title>
<varlistentry>
<term>Linux system</term>
<listitem>
<para>
<command>cvs <parameter>-d :pserver:<replaceable>your_userid</replaceable>@cvs.tldp.org:/cvsroot</parameter> login</command>
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Windows system</term>
<listitem>
<para><command>set <varname>CVSROOT</varname>=":pserver:<replaceable>your_userid</replaceable>@cvs.tldp.org:/cvsroot"</command>
</para>
<para><command>cvs <parameter>-d %CVSROOT%</parameter> login</command></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para> Wait patiently while the system tries to log you in. It can often take more
that 10-20 seconds for the system to either accept (or reject)
your password. Once you've
used <command>cvs login</command> for the first time and have
been given access to the system, your password is stored in
<filename>.cvspass</filename> and you will not
have to use <command>cvs login</command>
again. Just set the CVSROOT with the export command listed above
and continue on. If TLDP's CVS server is the only one you work with, you might also add an <command>export <varname>CVSROOT</varname></command> line to your <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> shell configuration file.</para>
</section>
<section id="get-repository">
<title>Getting the Documents</title>
<para>
You can get the entire repository (about 150 MB) with: <command>cvs checkout LDP</command>
</para>
<para> Or you can get the source for your own document with:
<command>cvs checkout LDP/howto/docbook/YOUR-HOWTO.xml</command> OR
<command>cvs checkout LDP/guide/docbook/YOURGUIDE</command>
</para>
<para>Windows users will need to use a modified version of this command. Instead they should use:
<command>cvs -d %CVSROOT% checkout LDP/howto/docbook/YOUR-HOWTO.xml</command>
</para>
<note><title>Keep an overview</title><para>
<command>checkout</command> will add the full directory structure
from tldp.org on down. Although it doesn't really matter where
you put these files on your local file system you may not want to
bury the directories too deeply.
</para></note>
</section>
<section id="cvs-commands">
<title>CVS Commands</title>
<variablelist>
<title>CVS Commands: a brief reminder</title>
<varlistentry>
<term>commit</term>
<listitem><para>
This CVS command will upload your changes to the CVS server.</para>
<para>Please be sure to include a useful description of the changes that have been made to your document.</para>
<para>If you want to bypass the editor screen you can use </para>
<cmdsynopsis><command>
cvs <option>commit</option> <option>-m "A description of the work done on this version of the document."</option>
</command></cmdsynopsis>
<note><title>Ready for publication warning</title><para>You must still email <email>submit@en.tldp.org</email>
when you are ready to have your changes
appear on the live site. Your email should include the relative
path to the file(s) in the LDP CVS tree that you wish to
update.
</para></note>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>add</term>
<listitem><para>
You can add new files to your CVS repository. These may be image
files or additional XML files. First check that your HOWTO is in
its own directory. You may want to coordinate with the
people at <email>submit@en.tldp.org</email> to ensure you can
add graphics or other files to your HOWTO.
</para>
<para>
Copy the files you want to add into your local CVS repository
(where all of your downloaded/working files are). Then:</para>
<cmdsynopsis><command>cvs add <replaceable>filename</replaceable></command></cmdsynopsis>
<para>
After you've added the files, you still need to <command>commit</command> them to the
repository (see above).
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>remove</term>
<listitem>
<para>
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>$Id$</term>
<listitem><para>
While this is not a CVS <quote>command</quote> it can be used to
automatically insert information about the file including the
time and date it was last modified, the version number it was
assigned by the CVS and the filename of this particular file.
The output will look like this:
<computeroutput>$Id: cvs.xml,v 1.9 2002/04/21 09:44:26 serek Exp
$</computeroutput>
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>
If you need to change a file name, you
still need to use the <command>add</command> command. First remove the copy of the
file from your local disk. Then remove it from the CVS tree with:
<command>cvs remove <replaceable>filename</replaceable></command>.
As with the <command>add</command> command, you need to <command>>commit</command> your
removed file. Finally, now that the old file has been removed, add
your new file using the instructions above (first <command>add</command> and then
<command>commit</command> the additional file).
</para>
<section id="recovery">
<title>Recovering old versions</title>
<para>
There you are, typing away, when you screw up. Real bad.
Doesn't matter what it is, but suffice it to say that you've
toasted not only the version on your local drive, but
created a new version on the CVS server. What you need
to do is go back in time and resurrect an older
version of your file.
</para>
<para>
To do this, you'll need to know the version number of the
file you want to retrieve. <command>cvs diff</command>
will give a list of revisions if there are differences. You
can pick the revision number, subtract one, and that is
probably the revision you want to look at.
</para>
<para>
The command</para>
<cmdsynopsis><command>cvs -Q update -p -r <replaceable>revision</replaceable>
<replaceable>filename</replaceable></command></cmdsynopsis>
<para>will output to stdout
the contents of the <replaceable>revision</replaceable> version
of <replaceable>filename</replaceable>. You can pipe it to
<command>more</command> or redirect the output to a file.
Conveniently, you can redirect stdout to a file called
<replaceable>filename</replaceable>. Your local file
is now the revision you want, and</para>
<cmdsynopsis><command>cvs update</command></cmdsynopsis>
<para>will update the CVS server with the new (old)
version of <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.
</para>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="cvs-resources">
<title>CVS Resources</title>
<para> If you're completely new to CVS, there are a few web pages
you may want to look at which can help you out: </para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para> <ulink
url="http://cvshome.org/docs/blandy.html">http://cvshome.org/docs/blandy.html</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para> <ulink
url="http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs/doc/cvs_toc.html">http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs/doc/cvs_toc.html</ulink></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
</appendix>

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</itemizedlist>
<para>Once the push request is accepted, you can remove the branch using <command>git branch -D <replaceable>MyNewBranch</replaceable></command></para>
</section>
<!--
<section id="git-resources">
<title>git resources</title>
<para>If you're completely new to git, there are a few web pages
you may want to look at which can help you out: </para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para> <ulink
url="http://cvshome.org/docs/blandy.html">http://cvshome.org/docs/blandy.html</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para> <ulink
url="http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs/doc/cvs_toc.html">http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs/doc/cvs_toc.html</ulink></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
-->
</appendix>

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@ -404,36 +404,6 @@ url="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/" /></bibliosource>
</biblioentry>
</bibliodiv>
<bibliodiv id="ref-cvs">
<title>Software: CVS</title>
<biblioentry>
<title>CVS: Project Management</title>
<bibliosource><ulink url="http://doc.cs.byu.edu/programming/cvs/" /></bibliosource>
<author><firstname>Byron</firstname><surname>Clark</surname></author>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<title>CVS</title>
<bibliosource><ulink
url="http://supportweb.cs.bham.ac.uk/documentation/tutorials/docsystem/build/tutorials/cvstute/cvstute.html" /></bibliosource>
<author><firstname>Ashley J.S.</firstname><surname>Mills</surname></author>
<author><firstname>Alan P.</firstname><surname>Sexton</surname></author>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<title>CVS--Concurrent Versions System</title>
<bibliosource><ulink url="http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs/doc/cvs_toc.html" /></bibliosource>
<author><firstname>Pascal</firstname><surname>Molli</surname></author>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<title>Learning About CVS </title>
<bibliosource><ulink url="http://cvshome.org/docs/" /></bibliosource>
</biblioentry>
</bibliodiv>
<bibliodiv id="ref-software-edit">
<title>Software: Emacs</title>

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This is because Linux is only the kernel, not the applications that run
on it. Most of the basic command line utilities were written by the
Free Software Foundation while developing their GNU operating system.
Among those utilities are some of the most basic commands like cp, mv
Among those utilities are some of the most basic commands like cp, mv,
lsof, and dd.</para>
<para>In a nutshell, what happened was, the FSF <indexterm id="fsf">

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<para>The single most important service in a UNIX system is
provided by <command>init</command><indexterm id="ch02-init">
<primary>init</primary></indexterm> <command>init</command>
<primary>init</primary></indexterm>. <command>init</command>
is started as the first process of every UNIX system, as the last
thing the kernel does when it boots. When <command>init</command>
starts, it continues the boot process by doing various startup
@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
<command>getty</command> for each terminal upon which logins are to
be allowed. <command>getty</command> reads the username and runs
the <command>login</command><indexterm id="ch02-login">
<primary>login</primary></indexterm>program, which reads the password.
<primary>login</primary></indexterm> program, which reads the password.
If the username and password are correct, <command>login</command> runs
the shell. When the shell terminates, i.e., the user logs out, or
when <command>login</command> terminated because the username and