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Updated VCR-HOWTO to include VCD creation instructions. Added some 

minor corrections as well.  This version is ready for publication.
This commit is contained in:
twivel 2001-07-30 17:57:20 +00:00
parent 95d3bb103a
commit 22382773df
1 changed files with 105 additions and 26 deletions
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LDP/howto/linuxdoc/VCR-HOWTO.sgml
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@ -15,13 +15,14 @@ Changelog:
<author>Brian Hayward, <tt/twivel@slothmud.org/
<date>0.03, 2001-03-10
<date>0.04, 2001-07-30
<abstract> <!-- the abstract: a short and precise description -->
<nidx>VCRHOWTO</nidx> <!-- add indexing keywords as you go along -->
<!-- nidx means the indexed word is not in output of main text, only in the index -->
This is a guide to setting up your GNU/Linux workstation as a digital VCR using
the video4linux driver and a supported tuner card.
the video4linux driver and a supported tuner card. A section has been added for creating VCD's that can be
played in any DVD/VCD player as well.
</abstract>
@ -114,13 +115,15 @@ linuxpe (at) uol.com.br -- Working on Portuguese Translation.
sam (at) daemoninc.com -- Tips for expanding this document.
HeikoL77 (at) web.de -- Links to more information.
Henry.Kingman (at) zdnet.com -- Links to more information on supported video cards.
aoe (at) mars.tuwien.ac.at -- Alexander provided the section on creating VCD's.
</verb></tscreen>
<sect1>Translations
<p>
Unfortunately no translations of this document currently exist. Once they become available, I
will provide links to them here. A Portuguese translation is in the works, this will be completed by
either Carlos Fernando Scheidecker Antunes or Marcio Montenegro.
Marcio Montenegro was kind enough to translate this document to Portuguese. His translation is available at
<url url="http://sites.uol.com.br/linuxpe" name="this site">. Feel free to translate this document to other
languages. If you send me a link, I will credit you and include it in this document. Please note that for
it to be included in the Linux Documentation Project, you will have to provide it in sgml format.
<p>
@ -192,11 +195,11 @@ Make sure xawtv functions for your tuner card before proceeding.
<sect2>Sample .xawtv configuration file.
<p>
Here is a sample ".xawtv" configureation file. This should be placed within the
Here is a sample ".xawtv" configuration file. This should be placed within the
home directory for the user who will be doing the VCR recording. I suggest adding
presets to your .xawtv file for all channels(0-NNN) (even non-existing ones) because you
will use the "v4lctl" command to switch channels later. This command makes use
of 'preset number' rather than 'channel number', so it's conveniant to have preset
of 'preset number' rather than 'channel number', so it's convenient to have preset
numbers be the same as actual channel numbers. The following configuration file
was designed for US-cable, your mileage may vary.
<verb>
@ -491,27 +494,26 @@ You will need avifile-0.5x and binaries-xxxxxx.zip. You should extract the bina
# unzip /path/to/binaries-010122.zip
</verb>
You will need to be root for the make install step to work.
If you receive any errors, they were probably due to a missing dependancy during
the configure step. Resolve any dependancies and try again. This should work
If you receive any errors, they were probably due to a missing dependency during
the configure step. Resolve any dependencies and try again. This should work
smoothly on any recent distribution that was installed with 'development' tools.
<p>
<sect1>Installing the VCR frame-grabber program
<p>
You can get the latest vcr program (vcr-1.05 at the time I wrote this) from
You can get the latest vcr program (vcr-1.07 at the time I wrote this) from
<url url="http://www.stack.nl/~brama/vcr/" name="The VCR Homepage">.
<p>
<sect2>Compiling and installing vcr-1.05
<sect2>Compiling and installing vcr-1.07
<p>
You will need to be root for the make install step to work.
<verb>
# tar xvfz vcr-1.05.tar.gz
# cd vcr-1.05
# tar xvfz vcr-1.07.tar.gz
# cd vcr-1.07
# ./configure
# make
# make install
<p>
</verb>
<sect2>Sample .vcrrc configuration file
@ -521,20 +523,27 @@ prefix on the ./configure line). You can now read the man page for
vcr with: 'man -M/usr/local/man vcr'. This is where I got the initial
.vcrrc file. I configured this one for my needs and added the same presets
to this file as I did with the .xawtv file. If you think these files look
similar, it's because I believe vcr was originally based on the xawtv code base.
Here is the .vcrrc I use:
similar, it's because vcr was originally based on the xawtv code base.
Here is the .vcrrc I use: (note that the new 'audiobitrate' parameter means
record audio in mp3 format at the specified bitrate. mp3 audio is MUCH! smaller
than PCM audio that vcr records by default. 30 minutes = 113 megs for mp3 instead
of 240megs for PCM!).
<verb>
[defaults]
quality = 100
quality = 95
keyframes = 15
codec = DivX ;-) low-motion
attributes = BitRate=1600,Crispness=100
attributes = BitRate=1600
source = Television
norm = ntsc
verbose = 1
freqtab = us-cable
audiofrequency=44
audiobitrate=64
resolution=384
framerate = 29.97
grabdevice=/dev/video0
[CH0 0]
@ -827,6 +836,79 @@ at -f /home/username/bin/recordshow6pm.sh 18:00
</verb>
<p>
<sect>Alternate Recorder - Creating VCD's for playback on DVD/VCD Players
<p>
<sect1>Introduction to VCD Creation
<p>
I must thank Alexander Oelzant for creating this portion of the VCR-HOWTO. His original version
is located at: <url url="http://131.130.199.155/~aoe/mystuff/mpeg2_movie-avipatch/README.bttv2mpeg"
name="README.bttv2mpeg">.
<p>
After recording shows on my computer for a while, I realized it was much nicer to watch
the shows on my full-sized television set than to watch them on my computer monitor.
There are two options for doing this: 1) Purchase a video card with TV-OUT and run a cable
to my television. or 2) Create a VCD and play it in my DVD Player. Since CD-R and CD-RW media
is really cheap I decided to go this route.
<p>
This section could theoretically be done in a different HOWTO because it uses a different
method for recording/converting than the other sections of the VCR-HOWTO use. This is primarily
because I haven't figured out how to create VCD compatible mpeg's using vcr. If your goal is to
create VCD's, use this section of the HOWTO. If you don't care about VCD's, completely ignore
this section of the howto because these procedures require MUCH MORE disk space than using vcr
to record for playing under linux.
<p>
<sect1>Required Hardware for VCD Creation and Playing
<p>
<verb>
1)A linux supported CD writer.
2)A bttv compatible TV Tuner Card (WinTV is one good example)
3)A VCD player or DVD Player
</verb>
<p>
<sect1>Required Software for VCD Creation
<p>
This is one method for creating VCD's under linux. If you have a better method, please let me know.
The following list of software contains the versions I found to work well for me under Red Hat 7.1.
<p>
<verb>
1)NuppelVideo 0.52a (nuvrec must be setuid root)
2)exportvideo 7e-pre4 (must be this version or later)
3)mjpegtools 1.4.1 (installed rpm found on rpmfind.net)
4)toolame 02h
5)mplex 1.1
6)vcdimager 0.6.2 (installed rpm found on rpmfind.net)
7)cdrdao 1.1.4 (rpm from redhat 7.1)
</verb>
<p>
<sect1>Procedure for creating a VCD
<p>
<verb>
1)nuvrec -t _NUM_m _filename_
_NUM_m = size. E.g. 30m = 30 minutes.
2)nuvplay -e _filename_.nuv | toolame -b 224 -m s /dev/stdin _filename_.mp2
3)exportvideo _filename_.nuv "|mpeg2enc -o _filename_.m1v"_
4)mplex -f 1 -s 2324 -p 1 -o _filename_.mpg _filename_.m1v _filename_.mp2_
5)vcdimager -l "Movie Title" -c _filename_.cue -b _filename_.bin _filename_.mpg_
6)cdrdao write --device _your_device_ _filename_.cue_
7)Eject the cd-r, stick it in the vcd player, press play and enjoy._
8)File Sizes From each step for 30 minutes of data._
Bytes Filename Created from step? Can Delete after Step?
=====================================================================
1391756119 finefilm.nuv 1) nuvrec 2) toolame and 3) mpeg2enc
50401280 finefilm.mp2 2) toolame 4) mplex
259097824 finefilm.m1v 3) mpeg2enc 4) mplex
313793452 finefilm.mpg 4) mplex 5) vcdimager
120 finefilm.cue 5) vcdimager 6) cdrdao
318808896 finefilm.bin 5) vcdimager 6) cdrdao
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total approx 2.3g for 30 minutes of sample data.
If you delete previous files after the appropriate steps, max used space
for 30 minutes of data was 1.7gb.
</verb>
<sect>Further Information
<p>
<nidx>VCRHOWTO!information resources</nidx>
@ -841,7 +923,7 @@ We need a wrapper program that provides us with the ability to do the following
<item>Archive recorded shows to CDR/CDRW/DVDRAM
<item>Play Recorded shows (From hard disk or prompt for the media!)
<item>Set record times for recording shows - use tvguide.com as a source for showtimes. A program
that accesses tvguide.com for showtimes is: <url url="http://http://www.cherrynebula.net/tvguide.php" name="tvguide.com perl program">
that accesses tvguide.com for showtimes is: <url url="http://http://www.cherrynebula.net/projects/tvguide/tvguide.php" name="tvguide.com perl program">
<item>Be fully configurable to used preferred recorder/player.
<item>See <url url="http://www.s.netic.de/gfiala/" name="Kvdr"> as a possible place to start.
</itemize>
@ -861,6 +943,7 @@ that accesses tvguide.com for showtimes is: <url url="http://http://www.cherryne
<itemize>
<item>Serge Wroclawski - 200mhz CPU is not fast enough.
<item>Brian Hayward - 900mhz Duron is fast enough.
<item>Brian Hayward - 875mhz Duron is fast enough.
<item>Stephen Moore - 500mhz Celeron CPU is not fast enough.
</itemize>
<p>
@ -872,10 +955,6 @@ that accesses tvguide.com for showtimes is: <url url="http://http://www.cherryne
<item>Cable Descramblers: <url url="http://fscktv.fortyoz.org/" name="fscktv"> and
<url url="http://linux.davecentral.com/cgi-bin/homepage.pl?6158" name="CableTV">.
<item>Figure out how to implement <url url="http://www.righto.com/papers/vcr.html" name="VCR+">
<item>Encode audio as mp3 instead of PCM. This is reported to shrink 1hr of video from 420mb to
about 140mb! remenyi (at) ace-net.com.au suggested <url url="http://www186.pair.com/vdub" name="Virtual Dub">
Unfortunately this is a windows program, if anyone can provide instructions on how to do this under
linux, I will include it.
<item>Check out the <url url="http://www.cadsoft.de/people/kls/vdr/index.htm" name="Video Disk Recorder Project"> -
build your own digital satellite receiver.
<item>Check out the <url url="http://linuxtv.org/" name="LinuxTV project">.
@ -916,7 +995,7 @@ you must have the tuner card send output to the 'line-in' on your sound card.
You must also use the mixer to enable the line-in on the sound card (if you hear
sound while recording the show, it is probably enabled). I used to have my tuner
card sound sent to my stereo receiver instead of the sound card, which was why I
didn't get sound. Finally, it may be that the sound was recored properly, but your
didn't get sound. Finally, it may be that the sound was record properly, but your
sound device is in use by another program (esd, licq, xmms, etc).
<item>Q: Why is my video very jumpy?
@ -924,14 +1003,14 @@ sound device is in use by another program (esd, licq, xmms, etc).
A: This may be due to a slow CPU. I currently haven't determined the exact
requirements for recording with this method, I'm hoping user feedback will help
me figure out what CPU is indeed required. I have a Duron 700 that seems to work
fine, but I've heard that people with a 200-300mhz processor are unable to get
fine, but I've heard that people with a 200-500mhz processor are unable to get
smooth video.
<item>Q: Why is the audio/video out of sync?
<p>
A: This may be due to an incorrect FPS setting for your video type. For NTSC
you will want to use 29.97. For PAL you will want to use 25. I still don't
get perfect audio/video syncronization - but I can live with it. Hopefully this
get perfect audio/video synchronization - but I can live with it. Hopefully this
will improve over time.
</itemize>