292 lines
5.5 KiB
HTML
292 lines
5.5 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>If Your Mail Doesn't Get Through</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.57"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="Linux Network Administrators Guide"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Getting EximUp and Running"
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HREF="x-087-2-exim.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="Running Exim"
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HREF="x15909.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="Compiling Exim"
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HREF="x15999.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="SECT1"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>Linux Network Administrators Guide</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="x15909.html"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 19. Getting EximUp and Running</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="x15999.html"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><H1
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN15964"
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>19.2. If Your Mail Doesn't Get Through</A
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></H1
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><P
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>
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A number of features are available for troubleshooting installation problems.
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The first place to check is Exim's log files. On Linux systems they are
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normally kept in <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/var/log/exim/log</TT
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> and are named
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>exim_mainlog</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>exim_rejectlog</TT
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>, and
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>exim_paniclog</TT
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>. On other operating systems, they are
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often kept in <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/var/spool/exim/log</TT
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>. You can find out
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where the log files are by running the command:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>exim -bP log_file_path</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>The main log lists all transactions, the reject log contains details of
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messages that were rejected for policy reasons, and the panic log is
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for messages related to configuration errors and the like.</P
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><P
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>Typical entries in the main log are shown below. Each entry in the log itself
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is a single line of text, starting with a date and time. They have
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been split into several lines here in order to fit them on the page:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>2000-01-30 15:46:37 12EwYe-0004WO-00 <= jack@vstout.vbrew.com
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H=vstout.vbrew.com [192.168.131.111] U=exim P=esmtp S=32100
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id=38690D72.286F@vstout.vbrew.com
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2000-01-30 15:46:37 12EwYe-0004WO-00 => jill <jill@vbrew.com>
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D=localuser T=local_delivery
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2000-01-30 15:46:37 12EwYe-0004WO-00 Completed</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>These entries show that a message from
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<SPAN
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CLASS="SYSTEMITEM"
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>jack@vstout.vbrew.com</SPAN
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>
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to <SPAN
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CLASS="SYSTEMITEM"
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>jill@vbrew.com</SPAN
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> was
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successfully delivered to a mailbox on the local host. Message arrivals
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are flagged with <TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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><=</TT
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>, and deliveries with
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<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>=></TT
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>.</P
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><P
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>There are two kinds of delivery errors: permanent and temporary. A permanent
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delivery error is recorded in a log entry like this, flagged with
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“<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>**</TT
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>”:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>2000-01-30 14:48:28 12EvcH-0003rC-00 ** bill@lager.vbrew.com
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R=lookuphost T=smtp: SMTP error from remote mailer after RCPT TO:
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<bill@lager.vbrew.com>: host lager.vbrew.com [192.168.157.2]:
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550 <bill@lager.vbrew.com>... User unknown</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>After a failure like this, Exim sends a delivery failure report, often called a
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<I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>bounce message</I
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> back to the sender.</P
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><P
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> Temporary errors are
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flagged with “<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>==</TT
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>”:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>2000-01-30 12:50:50 12E9Un-0004Wq-00 == jim@bitter.vbrew.com
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T=smtp defer (145): Connection timed out</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>This error is typical for a situation in which Exim properly recognizes
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that the message should be delivered to a remote host, but is not able to
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connect to the SMTP service on that host. The host may be down or there
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could be a network problem. Whenever a message is
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<I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>deferred</I
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> like this, it remains on Exim's queue and is
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retried at intervals. However, if it fails to be delivered for a sufficiently
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long time (usually several days), a permanent error occurs and the message is
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bounced.</P
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><P
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>If you are unable to locate your problem from the error message Exim
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generates, you may want to turn on debugging messages. You can do this
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using the <TT
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CLASS="OPTION"
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>–d</TT
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> flag, optionally followed by a number
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specifying the level of verbosity (a value of 9 gives maximum information).
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Exim then displays a report of its operation on the screen, which may
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give you more hints about what is going wrong.</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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WIDTH="100%"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
|
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HREF="x15909.html"
|
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="x15999.html"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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>Running Exim</TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
|
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="x-087-2-exim.html"
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>Up</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
|
>Compiling Exim</TD
|
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></BODY
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></HTML
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> |