201 lines
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201 lines
7.3 KiB
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<TITLE>The Answer Guy 29: Network Cards </TITLE>
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<!--endcut ========================================================= -->
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<H4>"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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</H4>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H1 align="center"><A NAME="answer">
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<img src="../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif" alt="" border="0" align="middle">
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<a href="./index.html">The Answer Guy</a>
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<img src="../gx/dennis/bbubble.gif" alt="" border="0" align="middle">
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</A></H1> <BR>
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<H4 align="center">By James T. Dennis,
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<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a><BR>
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Starshine Technical Services,
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<A HREF="http://www.starshine.org/">http://www.starshine.org/</A> </H4>
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<p><hr><p>
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<H3><img src="../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" alt="(?)" width="50" height="28"
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align="left" border="0">Network Cards</H3>
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<p><strong>From Greg on 04 May 1998
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<br><br>
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Hey there,
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<br><br>
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I recently purchased a copy of Redhat 5 and installed it on a system. My
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intentions for this system was for it to act as a proxy server and a
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mail server. I used a machine I had spare and installed. All of the
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devices detected but now I can't seem to get my network card to act. I
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checked the network settings in <tt>netcfg</tt> in xwindows but it said
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that the card was active. The card isn't responding (according to the lights)
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though. I have now tried two cards (<a href="http://www.3com.com/">3com</a>
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10/100 mb and a <a href="http://www.kingston.com/">kingston</a> 10 mb)
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and both have returned the same error on pinging an address (Network is
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unreachable.)
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</strong></p>
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<blockquote><img src="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" width="50" height="28" alt="(!)"
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align="left" border="0">
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Here's a synopsis of configuring a system for ethernet
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networking under Linux:
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<br><dl>
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<dt>load modules (if necessary)
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<dd>They may be built directly into your kernel.
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<dt><tt>ifconfig $IF $IPADDR $NETMASK $BCAST</tt>
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<dd>If you get an error like:
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<br><tt>
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SIOCSIFADDR: No such device
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</tt>
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<br>go back and load the correct driver or compile
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it into your kernel. If you still get that error
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it's probably an unsupported card --- or you're
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trying to use the wrong driver.
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<dt><tt>route add -net $NET $IF</tt>
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<dd>Add an entry to the kernel's routing table
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to associate your LAN with that interface.
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<dt><tt>route add default gw $ROUTER</tt> (if necessary)
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<dd>Add a route to point to your LAN's router to
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the "rest" of the world. Note, in some cases
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you might not define a default route. For
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example if your box is the router between your
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LAN and an ISP that you dial up with PPP or
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<tt>diald</tt>. (In that case the default route
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would be set by your <tt>pppd</tt> and <tt>diald</tt>
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packages whenever the link to your ISP became active).
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<p><strong><img src="../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" width="50" height="28" alt="(?)"
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align="left" border="0">
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Is there something else I have to initialise to get my cards to work or
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do you think it could be a conflict of sorts?
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</strong></p>
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<blockquote><img src="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" width="50" height="28" alt="(!)"
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align="left" border="0">
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When trying to troubleshoot networking problems the commands
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you want to beat on are:
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<br><table width="85%" border="0"><tr align="left">
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<td><ul><li><tt>ifconfig -a</tt></ul></td>
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<td>list all interfaces</td>
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</tr><tr align="left">
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<td><ul><li><tt>route -n</tt></ul></td>
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<td>list all defined routes</td>
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</tr><tr align="left">
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<td><ul><li><tt>ping</tt></ul></td>
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<td>try to reach various hosts</td>
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</tr><tr align="left">
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<td><ul><li><tt>tcpdump -i $IF -vvv</tt></ul></td>
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<td>dump all activity occuring on an interface</td>
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</tr><tr align="left">
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<td><ul><li><tt>traceroute</tt></ul></td>
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<td>watch how packets "try" to reach their
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destinations</td>
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</tr></table>
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<br><br>
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In this case you want to post the output of your '<tt>ifconfig -a</tt>'
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and '<tt>route -n</tt>' commands as well as the IP address and
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network/mask that you're attempting to use (for <strong>each</strong>
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interface).
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<br><br>
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Note: since you mention that you're trying to configure this system
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as a proxy server it's important that you get each of of its
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<a href="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Ethernet-HOWTO.html"
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>interfaces working properly</a> before attempting to use
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any routing, masquerading or
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<a href="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Firewall-HOWTO.html"
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>proxying</a> through it.
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<br><br>
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What proxy package(s) are you trying to use?
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</blockquote>
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<p><strong><img src="../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" width="50" height="28" alt="(?)"
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align="left" border="0">
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Thanks
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<br>Greg!
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</strong></p>
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<blockquote><img src="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" width="50" height="28" alt="(!)"
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align="left" border="0">
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You're welcome.
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</blockquote>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H5 align="center"><a href="http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html"
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>Copyright ©</a> 1998, James T. Dennis <BR>
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Published in <I>Linux Gazette</I> Issue 29 June 1998</H5>
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<P> <hr>
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