631 lines
16 KiB
HTML
631 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="SGML-Tools 1.0.9">
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<TITLE>Java CGI HOWTO: Using the Java CGI Classes.</TITLE>
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<LINK HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-6.html" REL=next>
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<LINK HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-4.html" REL=previous>
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<LINK HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO.html#toc5" REL=contents>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-6.html">Next</A>
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<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-4.html">Previous</A>
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<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO.html#toc5">Contents</A>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="s5">5. Using the Java CGI Classes.</A></H2>
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<P>There are currently three main classes supported --
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<A HREF="#cgi-class">CGI</A>,
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<A HREF="#email-class">Email</A> and
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<A HREF="#html-class">HTML</A>.
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I am considering adding classes to deal with MIME-formatted input and
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output -- MIMEin & MIMEout, respectively.
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<P>There are also a few support and test classes.
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<A HREF="#cgi-test-class">CGI_Test</A>,
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<A HREF="#email-test-class">Email_Test</A> and
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<A HREF="#email-test-class">HTML_Test</A> are intended to be used to
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test your installation.
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They can also be used as a starting-point for your own Java programs
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which use this class library.
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The
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<A HREF="#text-class">Text</A> class is the superclass for both the
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<CODE>Email</CODE> and the <CODE>HTML</CODE> classes.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="cgi-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.1">5.1 CGI</A>
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</H2>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Syntax</H3>
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<P><CODE>public class CGI</CODE>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Description</H3>
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<P>The CGI class holds the ``CGI Information'' -- Environment variables
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set by the web server and the name/value sent from a
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form when its <B>submit</B> action is selected.
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All information is stored in a <CODE>Properties</CODE> class object.
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<P>This class is in the ``Orbits.net'' package.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Member Summary</H3>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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CGI() // Constructor.
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getNames() // Get the list of names.
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getValue() // Get form value by specifying name.
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>See Also</H3>
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<P><CODE>CGI_Test</CODE>.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>CGI()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Constructs an object which contains the available CGI data.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public CGI()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>When a CGI object is constructed, all available CGI
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information is sucked-up into storage local to the new object.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>getNames()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>List the names which are defined to have corresponding values.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public Enumeration getKeys ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Provides the full list of names for which coresponding
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values are defined.
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<DT><B>Returns</B><DD><P>An <CODE>Enumeration</CODE> of all the names defined.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>getValue()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Retrieves the <B>value</B> associated with the <B>name</B>
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specified.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public String getValue ( String name )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This method provides the corespondence between the
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<CODE>names</CODE> and <CODE>values</CODE> sent from an HTML form.
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<DT><B>Parameter</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>name</B><DD><P>The key by which values are selected.
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</DL>
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<DT><B>Returns</B><DD><P>A <CODE>String</CODE> containing the value.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="cgi-test-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.2">5.2 CGI_Test</A>
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</H2>
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<P>This class provides both an example of how to use the <CODE>CGI</CODE> class
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and a test program which can be used to confirm that the <EM>Java CGI</EM>
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package is functioning correctly.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Member Summary</H3>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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main() // Program main().
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>See Also</H3>
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<P><CODE>CGI</CODE>.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>main()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Provide a <CODE>main()</CODE> method.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public static void main( String argv[] )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This is the entry point for a CGI program which does
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nothing but return a list of the available name/value pairs and their
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current values.
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<DT><B>Parameter </B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>argv[]</B><DD><P>Arguments passed to the program by
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the <CODE>java.cgi</CODE> script.
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Currently unused.
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</DL>
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="email-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.3">5.3 Email</A>
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</H2>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Syntax</H3>
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<P><CODE>public class Email extends Text</CODE>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Description</H3>
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<P>Messages are built up with the <CODE>Text</CODE> class <CODE>add*()</CODE> methods
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and the e-mail-specific methods added by this class.
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When complete, the message is sent to its destination.
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<P>This class is in the ``Orbits.net'' package.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Member Summary</H3>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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Email() // Constructor.
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send() // Send the e-mail message.
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sendTo() // Add a destination for message.
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subject() // Set the Subject: for message.
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>See Also</H3>
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<P><CODE>Email_Test, Text</CODE>.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Email()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Constructs an object which will contain an email message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public Email()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Sets up an empty message to be completed by the Email methods.
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>Text</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>send()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Send the e-mail message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void send ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This formats and sends the message.
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If no destination address has been set, there is no action taken.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>sendTo()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Add a destination for this message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public String sendTo ( String address )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Add <CODE>address</CODE> to the list of destinations for
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this method.
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There is no set limit to the number of destinations an e-mail message may have.
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I'm sure that if you build up the list large enough, you can
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exceed the size of the parameter list that the <EM>Mail Transport
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Agent</EM> can accept or use up your memory.
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<DT><B>Parameter/</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>address</B><DD><P>A destination to send this message to.
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</DL>
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>subject()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Set the subject for this message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void subject ( String subject )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This method sets the text for the e-mail's <CODE>Subject:</CODE>
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line.
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If called more than once, the latest subject set is the one that is used.
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<DT><B>Parameter</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>subject</B><DD><P>The text of this message's <CODE>Subject:</CODE> line.
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</DL>
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="email-test-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.4">5.4 Email_Test</A>
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</H2>
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<P>This class provides both an example of how to use the <CODE>Email</CODE> class
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and a test program which can be used to confirm that the <EM>Java CGI</EM>
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package is functioning correctly.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Member Summary</H3>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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main() // Program main().
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>See Also</H3>
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<P><CODE>Email</CODE>.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>main()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Provide a <CODE>main()</CODE> method.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public static void main( String argv[] )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This is the entry point for a CGI program which returns
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a list of the available name/value pairs and their current values.
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It will also send this list to the address specified in the <CODE>Email</CODE>
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variable.
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<DT><B>Parameter </B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>argv[]</B><DD><P>Arguments passed to the program by
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the <CODE>java.cgi</CODE> script.
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Currently unused.
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</DL>
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="html-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.5">5.5 HTML</A>
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</H2>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Syntax</H3>
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<P><CODE>public class HTML extends Text</CODE>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Class Description</H3>
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<P>Messages are built up with the <CODE>Text</CODE> class <CODE>add*()</CODE> methods
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and the HTML-specific methods added by this class.
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When complete, the message is sent to its destination.
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<P>Currently, there is no error checking to confirm that the list-building
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methods are being used in a correct order, so the programmer must take
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pains not to violate HTML syntax.
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<P>This class is in the ``Orbits.net'' package.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>Member Summary</H3>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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HTML() // Constructor.
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author() // Set the name of the document author.
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definitionList() // Start a definition list.
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definitionListTerm() // Add a term to a definition list.
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endList() // End a list.
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listItem() // Add an entry to a list.
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send() // Send the HTML message.
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title() // Set the text for the document title.
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>See Also</H3>
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<P><CODE>HTML_Test, Text</CODE>.
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>HTML()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Constructs an object which will contain an HTML message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public HTML()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Sets up an empty message to be completed by the HTML methods.
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>Text</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>author()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Set the name of the document author.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void author ( String author )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Set the name of the document author to <CODE>author</CODE>.
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<DT><B>Parameter/</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>author</B><DD><P>The text to use as the author of this message.
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</DL>
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>title()</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>definitionList()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Start a definition list.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void definitionList ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Start a definition list.
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A <EM>definition list</EM> is a list specialized so that each entry in
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the list is a <EM>term</EM> followed by the definition <EM>text</EM>
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for that term.
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The start of a definition list should be followed by the creation of
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(at least) one term/text pair and a call to the <CODE>endList()</CODE> method.
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<EM>Note that, currently, lists cannot be nested.</EM>
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>definitionListTerm()</CODE>, <CODE>endList()</CODE>,
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<CODE>listItem()</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>definitionListTerm()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Add a term to a definition list.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void definitionListTerm ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Add a term to a definition list.
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The text for the term part of the current list entry should be appended
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to the message after this method is called and before a corresponding
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<CODE>listItem</CODE> method is called.
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>definitionList()</CODE>, <CODE>listItem()</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>endList()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>End a list.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void endList ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>End a list.
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This method closes out a list.
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<EM>Note that, currently, lists cannot be nested.</EM>
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>definitionList()</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>listItem()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Add an entry to a list.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void listItem ()</CODE>
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<DT><B></B><DD><P><CODE>public void listItem ( String item )</CODE>
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<DT><B></B><DD><P><CODE>public boolean listItem ( String term, String item )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Add an entry to a list.
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If the first form is used, the text for the current list item should be
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appended to the message after this method is called and before any other
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list methods are called.
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In the second and third forms, the <CODE>item</CODE> text is specified as a
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parameter to the method instead of (or in addition to) being appended to
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the message.
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The third form is specific to definition lists and provides both the
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term and the definition of the list entry.
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<DT><B>Parameters</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>item</B><DD><P>The text of this list entry.
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<DT><B>term</B><DD><P>The text of this definition list entry's term part.
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</DL>
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<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>definitionList()</CODE>, <CODE>definitionListTerm()</CODE>,
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<CODE>endList()</CODE>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>send()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Send the HTML message.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void send ()</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Send the HTML message.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3>title()</H3>
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Set the text for the document title.
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<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void title ( String title )</CODE>
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<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Set the text for the document title.
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<DT><B>Parameter</B><DD><P>
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<DL>
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|
<DT><B>title</B><DD><P>The text of this message's title.
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|
</DL>
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|
<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>author()</CODE>.
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|
</DL>
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|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H2><A NAME="html-test-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.6">5.6 HTML_Test</A>
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|
</H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>This class provides both an example of how to use the <CODE>HTML</CODE> class
|
|
and a test program which can be used to confirm that the <EM>Java CGI</EM>
|
|
package is functioning correctly.
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>Member Summary</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
main() // Program main().
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>See Also</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P><CODE>HTML</CODE>.
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>main()</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Provide a <CODE>main()</CODE> method.
|
|
<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public static void main( String argv[] )</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>This is the entry point for a CGI program which returns
|
|
a list of the available name/value pairs in an HTML document, with
|
|
each name/value pair displayed in a definition list element.
|
|
<DT><B>Parameter </B><DD><P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>argv[]</B><DD><P>Arguments passed to the program by
|
|
the <CODE>java.cgi</CODE> script.
|
|
Currently unused.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H2><A NAME="text-class"></A> <A NAME="ss5.7">5.7 Text</A>
|
|
</H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>Class Syntax</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P><CODE>public abstract class Text</CODE>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>Class Description</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>This class is the superclass of the <CODE>Email</CODE> and <CODE>HTML</CODE>
|
|
classes.
|
|
Messages are built up with the methods in this class and completed and
|
|
formatted with the methods in subclasses.
|
|
<P>This class is in the ``Orbits.text'' package.
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>Member Summary</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
Text() // Constructor.
|
|
add() // Add text to this object.
|
|
addLineBreak() // Add a line break.
|
|
addParagraph() // Add a paragraph break.
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>See Also</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P><CODE>Email</CODE>, <CODE>HTML</CODE>.
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>add()</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Add text to this item.
|
|
<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void add ( char addition )</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B></B><DD><P><CODE>public void add ( String addition )</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B></B><DD><P><CODE>public void add ( StringBuffer addition )</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Add <CODE>addition</CODE> to the contents of this text item.
|
|
<DT><B>Parameter</B><DD><P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>addition</B><DD><P>Text to be added to the text item.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>addLineBreak()</CODE>, <CODE>addParagraph()</CODE>.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>addLineBreak()</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Force a line break at this point in the text.
|
|
<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void addLineBreak ()</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Add a line break to the text at the current point.
|
|
<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>add()</CODE>, <CODE>addParagraph()</CODE>.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<H3>addParagraph()</H3>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT><B>Purpose</B><DD><P>Start a new paragaph.
|
|
<DT><B>Syntax</B><DD><P><CODE>public void add ()</CODE>
|
|
<DT><B>Description</B><DD><P>Start a new paragraph at this point in the text flow.
|
|
<DT><B>See Also</B><DD><P><CODE>add()</CODE>, <CODE>addLineBreak()</CODE>.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-6.html">Next</A>
|
|
<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO-4.html">Previous</A>
|
|
<A HREF="Java-CGI-HOWTO.html#toc5">Contents</A>
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