317 lines
4.7 KiB
HTML
317 lines
4.7 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>The /usr filesystem.</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="Linux System Administrators Guide"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Overview of the Directory Tree"
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HREF="dir-tree-overview.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="The /dev directory"
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HREF="dev-fs.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="The /var filesystem"
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HREF="var-fs.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="SECT1"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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ALINK="#0000FF"
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>Linux System Administrators Guide: </TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="dev-fs.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 3. Overview of the Directory Tree</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="var-fs.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><H1
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><A
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NAME="USR-FS"
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></A
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>3.5. The <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr</TT
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> filesystem.</H1
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><P
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>The <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr</TT
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> filesystem is often
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large, since all programs are installed there. All files
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in <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr</TT
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> usually come from a Linux
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distribution; locally installed programs and other stuff goes
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below <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/local</TT
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>. This makes it possible
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to update the system from a new version of the distribution,
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or even a completely new distribution, without having to
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install all programs again. Some of the subdirectories of
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr</TT
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> are listed below (some of the less
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important directories have been dropped; see the FSSTND for
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more information).
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<DIV
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CLASS="GLOSSLIST"
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><DL
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/X11R6</TT
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>.</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>The X Window System, all files. To simplify
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the development and installation of X, the X files have not
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been integrated into the rest of the system. There is a
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directory tree below <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/X11R6</TT
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> similar
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to that below <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr</TT
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> itself.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/bin</TT
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>.</B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Almost all user commands. Some commands are
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in <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/bin</TT
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> or in
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/local/bin</TT
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>.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/sbin</TT
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></B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>System administration commands that are not
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needed on the root filesystem, e.g., most server programs.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/share/man</TT
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>,
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/share/info</TT
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>,
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/share/doc</TT
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></B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Manual pages, GNU Info documents, and
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miscellaneous other documentation files, respectively.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/include</TT
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></B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Header files for the C
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programming language. This should actually be below
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/lib</TT
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> for consistency,
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but the tradition is overwhelmingly in support for this name.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/lib</TT
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></B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Unchanging data files for programs and
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subsystems, including some site-wide configuration
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files. The name <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>lib</TT
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> comes from library;
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originally libraries of programming subroutines
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were stored in <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/lib</TT
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>.
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><B
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><TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/usr/local</TT
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></B
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>The place for locally installed software and
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other files. Distributions may not install anything in
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here. It is reserved solely for the use of the local
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administrator. This way he can be absolutely certain that
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no updates or upgrades to his distribution will overwrite
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any extra software he has installed
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locally.</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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></P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
|
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HREF="dev-fs.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
|
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>Prev</A
|
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></TD
|
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="34%"
|
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
|
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HREF="index.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="H"
|
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>Home</A
|
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></TD
|
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="var-fs.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="N"
|
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>Next</A
|
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></TD
|
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></TR
|
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><TR
|
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><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>The <TT
|
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CLASS="FILENAME"
|
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>/dev</TT
|
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> directory</TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
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HREF="dir-tree-overview.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="U"
|
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>Up</A
|
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></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>The <TT
|
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CLASS="FILENAME"
|
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>/var</TT
|
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> filesystem</TD
|
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></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
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></DIV
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></BODY
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></HTML
|
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> |