310 lines
4.4 KiB
HTML
310 lines
4.4 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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><HEAD
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>Running sendmail</TITLE
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TITLE="Sendmail"
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>Linux Network Administrators Guide</TH
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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>Chapter 18. Sendmail</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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><H1
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN15649"
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>18.10. Running sendmail</A
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></H1
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><P
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> The <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> daemon can be run in either of two
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ways. One way is to have to have it run from the <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>inetd</B
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>
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daemon; the alternative, and more commonly used method is to run
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> as a standalone daemon. It is also common for
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mailer programs to invoke <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> as a user command
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to accept locally generated mail for delivery.</P
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><P
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>When running <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> in standalone mode, place the command
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in an <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>rc</TT
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> file so it starts at boot time. The syntax
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used is commonly:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>/usr/sbin/sendmail -bd -q10m</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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The <TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>-bd</TT
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> argument tells <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> to run
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as a daemon. It will fork and run in the background. The
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<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>-q10m</TT
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> argument tells <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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>
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to check its queue every ten minutes. You may choose to use a different queue to check time.</P
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><P
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>To run <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> from the <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>inetd</B
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> network
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daemon, you'd use an entry like:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>smtp stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/sendmail -bs</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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The <TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>-bs</TT
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> argument here tells <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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>
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to use the SMTP protocol on stdin/stdout, which is required for use with
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>inetd</B
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>.</P
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><P
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>The <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>runq</B
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> command is usually a symlink to the
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> binary and is a more convenient form of:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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># <TT
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CLASS="USERINPUT"
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><B
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>sendmail -q</B
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></TT
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></PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>When <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> is invoked this way, it processes any mail
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waiting in the queue to be transmitted. When running
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> from <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>inetd</B
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> you must also create
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a <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>cron</B
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> job that runs the <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>runq</B
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> command
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periodically to ensure that the mail spool is serviced periodically.</P
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><P
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>A suitable <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>cron</B
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> table entry would be similar to:
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<TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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># Run the mail spool every fifteen minutes
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0,15,30,45 * * * * /usr/bin/runq</PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>In most installations <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>sendmail</B
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> processes the queue
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every 15 minutes as shown in our <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>crontab</TT
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> example,
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attempting to transmit any messages there.</P
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></DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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HREF="x15583.html"
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>Prev</A
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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>Home</A
|
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></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="right"
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HREF="x15691.html"
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>Next</A
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Testing Your Configuration</TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="x-087-2-sendmail.html"
|
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>Up</A
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></TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Tips and Tricks</TD
|
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></TR
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></TABLE
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