461 lines
8.0 KiB
HTML
461 lines
8.0 KiB
HTML
<HTML
|
|
><HEAD
|
|
><TITLE
|
|
>Getting EximUp and Running</TITLE
|
|
><META
|
|
NAME="GENERATOR"
|
|
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.57"><LINK
|
|
REL="HOME"
|
|
TITLE="Linux Network Administrators Guide"
|
|
HREF="index.html"><LINK
|
|
REL="PREVIOUS"
|
|
TITLE="Tips and Tricks"
|
|
HREF="x15691.html"><LINK
|
|
REL="NEXT"
|
|
TITLE="Running Exim"
|
|
HREF="x15909.html"></HEAD
|
|
><BODY
|
|
CLASS="CHAPTER"
|
|
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
|
|
TEXT="#000000"
|
|
LINK="#0000FF"
|
|
VLINK="#840084"
|
|
ALINK="#0000FF"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
|
|
><TABLE
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TH
|
|
COLSPAN="3"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
>Linux Network Administrators Guide</TH
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="10%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x15691.html"
|
|
>Prev</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="80%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="10%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x15909.html"
|
|
>Next</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="CHAPTER"
|
|
><H1
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="X-087-2-EXIM"
|
|
>Chapter 19. Getting EximUp and Running</A
|
|
></H1
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="TOC"
|
|
><DL
|
|
><DT
|
|
><B
|
|
>Table of Contents</B
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.1. <A
|
|
HREF="x15909.html"
|
|
>Running Exim</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.2. <A
|
|
HREF="x15964.html"
|
|
>If Your Mail Doesn't Get Through</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.3. <A
|
|
HREF="x15999.html"
|
|
>Compiling Exim</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.4. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.queue.html"
|
|
>Mail Delivery Modes</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.5. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.options.html"
|
|
>Miscellaneous config Options</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.6. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.delivery.html"
|
|
>Message Routing and Delivery</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DD
|
|
><DL
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.6.1. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.delivery.html#X-087-2-EXIM.ROUTING"
|
|
>Routing Messages</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.6.2. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.delivery.html#X-087-2-EXIM.DIRECTORS"
|
|
>Delivering Messages to Local Addresses</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.6.3. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.delivery.html#AEN16228"
|
|
>Alias Files</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.6.4. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.delivery.html#X-087-2-EXIM.DIRECTOR.MAILING-LISTS"
|
|
>Mailing Lists</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
></DL
|
|
></DD
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.7. <A
|
|
HREF="x16298.html"
|
|
>Protecting Against Mail Spam</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
>19.8. <A
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.simple.html"
|
|
>UUCP Setup</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
></DL
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><P
|
|
>This chapter gives you a quick introduction to setting up Exim and an overview
|
|
of its functionality. Although Exim is largely compatible with
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>sendmail</B
|
|
> in its behavior, its configuration files are
|
|
completely different.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>
|
|
The main configuration file is usually called
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/etc/exim.conf</TT
|
|
> or <TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/etc/exim/config</TT
|
|
>
|
|
in most Linux distributions, or <TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/usr/lib/exim/config</TT
|
|
> in
|
|
older configurations. You can find out where the configuration file is by
|
|
running the command:
|
|
|
|
<TABLE
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
><PRE
|
|
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
|
>$ <TT
|
|
CLASS="USERINPUT"
|
|
><B
|
|
>exim -bP configure_file</B
|
|
></TT
|
|
></PRE
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></P
|
|
><P
|
|
>You may have to edit the configuration file to reflect values specific to your
|
|
site. In most common configurations there isn't a great deal to change, and a
|
|
working configuration should rarely have to be modified.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
> By default, Exim processes and delivers all incoming mail immediately. If you
|
|
have relatively high traffic, you may instead have Exim collect all messages
|
|
in the so-called <I
|
|
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
|
|
>queue</I
|
|
>, and process them at regular
|
|
intervals only.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
> When handling mail within a TCP/IP network, Exim is frequently run in daemon
|
|
mode: at system boot time, it is invoked from
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/etc/init.d/exim</TT
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="X-087-2-FNEX01"
|
|
HREF="#FTN.X-087-2-FNEX01"
|
|
>[1]</A
|
|
>
|
|
and puts itself in the background, where it waits for incoming TCP connections
|
|
on the SMTP port (usually port 25). This is beneficial whenever you expect to
|
|
have a significant amount of traffic because Exim doesn't have to start up
|
|
for every incoming connection. Alternatively, <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>inetd</B
|
|
> could
|
|
manage the SMTP port and have it spawn Exim whenever there is a connection
|
|
on this port. This configuration might be useful when you have limited
|
|
memory and low mail traffic volumes.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>
|
|
Exim has a complicated set of command-line options, including many
|
|
that match those of sendmail. Instead of trying to put together
|
|
exactly the right options for your needs, you can implement the most
|
|
common types of operation by invoking traditional commands like
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>rmail</B
|
|
> or <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>rsmtp</B
|
|
>. These are
|
|
symbolic links to Exim (or if they're not, you can easily link
|
|
them to it). When you run one of the commands, Exim checks the
|
|
name you used to invoke it and sets the proper options itself.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>There are two links to Exim that you should have under all circumstances:
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>/usr/bin/rmail</B
|
|
> and <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>/usr/sbin/sendmail</B
|
|
>.<A
|
|
NAME="X-087-2-FNEX02"
|
|
HREF="#FTN.X-087-2-FNEX02"
|
|
>[2]</A
|
|
>
|
|
When you compose and send a mail message with a user agent like
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>elm</B
|
|
>, the message is piped to <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>sendmail</B
|
|
>
|
|
or <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>rmail</B
|
|
> for delivery, which is why both
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>/usr/sbin/sendmail</B
|
|
> and <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>/usr/bin/rmail</B
|
|
>
|
|
should point to Exim. The list of recipients for the message is passed to Exim
|
|
on the command line.<A
|
|
NAME="X-087-2-FNEX03"
|
|
HREF="#FTN.X-087-2-FNEX03"
|
|
>[3]</A
|
|
>
|
|
The same happens with mail coming in via UUCP. You can set up the required
|
|
pathnames to point to Exim by typing the following at a shell prompt:
|
|
|
|
<TABLE
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
><PRE
|
|
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
|
>$ <TT
|
|
CLASS="USERINPUT"
|
|
><B
|
|
>ln -s /usr/sbin/exim /usr/bin/rmail</B
|
|
></TT
|
|
>
|
|
$ <TT
|
|
CLASS="USERINPUT"
|
|
><B
|
|
>ln -s /usr/sbin/exim /usr/sbin/sendmail</B
|
|
></TT
|
|
></PRE
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></P
|
|
><P
|
|
>If you want to dig further into the details of configuring Exim, you should
|
|
consult the full Exim specification. If this isn't included in your favorite
|
|
Linux distribution, you can get it from the source to Exim, or read it online
|
|
from Exim's web site at
|
|
<SPAN
|
|
CLASS="SYSTEMITEM"
|
|
>http://www.exim.org</SPAN
|
|
>.</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><H3
|
|
CLASS="FOOTNOTES"
|
|
>Notes</H3
|
|
><TABLE
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CLASS="FOOTNOTES"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="5%"
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="FTN.X-087-2-FNEX01"
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.html#X-087-2-FNEX01"
|
|
>[1]</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="95%"
|
|
><P
|
|
>Other possible locations are
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/etc/rc.d/init.d</TT
|
|
> and
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>rc.inet2</TT
|
|
>. The latter is common on systems
|
|
using a BSD-style structure for system administration files in the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/etc</TT
|
|
> directory.</P
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="5%"
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="FTN.X-087-2-FNEX02"
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.html#X-087-2-FNEX02"
|
|
>[2]</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="95%"
|
|
><P
|
|
>This is the new standard location of <B
|
|
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
|
>sendmail</B
|
|
> according to
|
|
the Linux File System Standard. Another common location is
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
|
>/usr/lib/sendmail</TT
|
|
>, which is likely to be used by mail
|
|
programs that are not specially configured for Linux.
|
|
You can define both filenames as symbolic links to
|
|
Exim so that programs and scripts invoking <I
|
|
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
|
|
>sendmail</I
|
|
> will instead
|
|
invoke Exim to do the same things.</P
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="5%"
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="FTN.X-087-2-FNEX03"
|
|
HREF="x-087-2-exim.html#X-087-2-FNEX03"
|
|
>[3]</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
WIDTH="95%"
|
|
><P
|
|
>Some user agents, however, use the SMTP protocol to pass messages to the
|
|
transport agent, calling it with the <TT
|
|
CLASS="OPTION"
|
|
>–bs</TT
|
|
> option.</P
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x15691.html"
|
|
>Prev</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="index.html"
|
|
>Home</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x15909.html"
|
|
>Next</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>Tips and Tricks</TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
> </TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>Running Exim</TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></BODY
|
|
></HTML
|
|
> |