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<h1 style="">3.1 About the Operating Systems</h1><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b>These are my personal views and not related to the views of the
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Linux and/or OpenSolaris, or in general, the Open-Source community.<br><br><b style=""><big><big><big>Linux:</big></big></big> </b><a href="http://www.linux.org/" target="_blank">Linux</a> is the <a href="http://www.kernel.org/" target="_blank">kernel or core</a> of an OS called <a href="http://www.gnu.org/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html" target="_blank">GNU/Linux system</a>, where the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/" target="_blank">GNU Project provides the
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software and applications that runs on the Linux kernel</a>. The Linux kernel,
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originally written by Linus Benedict Torvalds, is a UNIX-clone, which is POSIX
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compliant and was initially targeted towards the Intel x86 architecture. As
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rightly mentioned in the <a href="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/INFO-SHEET-1.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-style: italic;">Linux Information Sheet</span></a> by Michael K.
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Johnson at <a target="_blank" href="http://www.tldp.org/">http://www.tldp.org</a>,
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<span style="font-style: italic;">"Linux is a completely free
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reimplementation of the POSIX specification, with SYSV and BSD
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extensions (which means it looks like Unix, but does not come from the
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same source code base), which is available in both source code and
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binary form. Its copyright is owned by Linus Torvalds
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<torvalds@transmeta.com> and other contributors, and is freely
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redistributable under the terms of the GNU General Public License
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(GPL)".<br><br></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Technical resources:</span><br><ul><li><a href="http://www.unix.org/what_is_unix/history_timeline.html" target="_blank">UNIX Wars</a> in the late 1980s and early 1990s <span style="font-style: italic;">(a must read for all)</span></li><li><a href="http://foss.in/slides/lb2003/kernel-smp-bangalore2003.pdf" target="_blank">Linux Kernel Architecture</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(an excellent overview of what powers a 2.6.x kernel)</span></li><li><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/what-is-the-difference-between-linux-and-unix/" target="_blank">Difference between Linux and UNIX</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(structural points of difference)</span></li><li><a href="http://www.sans.org/reading_room/whitepapers/unix/unix_system_management_and_security_differences_between_linux_solaris_aix_and_hpux_936?show=936.php&cat=unix" target="_blank">Security : Differences between Linux, Sun Solaris, IBM-AIX, HP-UX</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(excellent resource, a must read for admins)</span></li><li><a href="http://linux.omnipotent.net/article.php?article_id=12476&page=-1" target="_blank">Bootstrapping a Linux system - An
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Analysis</a> (<span style="font-style: italic;">my Linux.com article, 19th July 2001</span>)<span style="font-style: italic;"></span></li><li><a href="http://linux.omnipotent.net/article.php?article_id=12496&page=-1" target="_blank">Understanding Re-entrant Kernels</a> (<span style="font-style: italic;">my Linux.com article, 15th August 2001</span>)</li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Distribution related resources:</span><br><ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Linux_distributions" target="_blank">List of Linux distributions</a></li><li><a href="http://www.livecdlist.com/" target="_blank">The LiveCD List</a></li><li>Find the Linux distro you are interested in by using the form on this page: <a href="http://www.linux.org/dist/" target="_blank">http://www.linux.org/dist/</a></li><li>Find a Linux distro/book/CD/DVD/accessories retailer here: <a href="http://www.linux.org/vendor/retailer/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.linux.org/vendor/retailer/index.html</a></li><li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/" target="_blank">SourceForge.net</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(largest Open Source applications and software repository)</span></li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Gaming on Linux:</span><br><ul><li>If you are a serious Linux gamer, <a href="http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20080530054213402/CommercialGames.html" target="_blank">42 of the Best Commercial Linux Games</a> for you!</li><li>If you cannot afford the above list, don't fret! I have the <a href="http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20080510052539217/Games.html" target="_blank">42 of the Best Free Linux Games</a> for you!</li><li><a href="http://www.zmogo.com/video-games/top-5-linux-games-for-2009/" target="_blank">Top 5 Linux games for Year 2009</a></li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Certification on Linux:</span><br><ul><li>Red Hat specific:</li><ul><li><a href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhct/" target="_blank">Red Hat Certified Technician (RHCT)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhce/" target="_blank">Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/certificates_of_expertise/" target="_blank">Red Hat Certificates of Expertise</a></li><li><a href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhcds/" target="_blank">Red Hat Certified Datacenter Specialist (RHCDS)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhcss/" target="_blank">Red Hat Certified Security Specialist (RHCSS)</a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhca/">Red Hat Certified Architect (RHCA)</a></li></ul></ul><ul><li>Linux Professional Institute's <a href="http://www.lpi.org/" target="_blank">LPIC-1 & LPIC-2 Certification Exam</a></li><li>Novell Certified Linux Professional: <a href="http://www.novell.com/training/certinfo/clp/" target="_blank">NCLP-10 & NCLP-9 Certification Exam</a></li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Linux Merchandise:</span><br><ul><li>Linux gifts on <a href="http://www.linuxbazar.com/softwares-linux-gifts-c-32_12.html" target="_blank">LinuxBazar.com</a> : t-shirt/milk mug/soup mug/</li><li>Lunux merchandise on <a href="http://www.thinkgeek.com/tshirts-apparel/unisex/itdepartment/59ce/?cpg=ab" target="_blank">ThinkGeek.com</a>: t-shirt/cap/stuffed toys/badges/golf shirt etc.</li><li><a target="_blank" title="Permanent Link: 10 Awesome Linux T-shirt" href="http://www.linuxhaxor.net/2008/07/12/10-awesome-linux-t-shirt/" rel="bookmark">10 Awesome Linux T-shirt</a></li><li><a href="http://redhat.brandfuelstores.com/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=3" target="_blank">Red Hat Cool Stuff Store</a>: bags/hub/cooler/bottle opener/golf balls/stickers and more...</li></ul><br><div style="text-align: center;">*******************************************************<br></div><br><big><big><big><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">OpenSolaris</span></span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">:</span></big></big></big><b style=""> </b><a href="http://www.linux.org/" target="_blank">Linux</a> powering a <a href="http://www.gnu.org/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html" target="_blank">GNU/Linux system</a>
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is a good system, but is it the best? Probably <span style="font-style: italic;">no</span>. And if the same query involves running a mission-critical real-time million dollar system,
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probably "guaranteed" no for many years to come. Thus, we choose to
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tread carefully into the realm of the <span style="font-style: italic;">'big boys'</span>; either SVR4 or BSD Unixes like <a href="http://h30097.www3.hp.com/" target="_blank">HP Tru64 Unix</a>, <a href="http://h20338.www2.hp.com/hpux11i/cache/324545-0-0-0-121.html" target="_blank">HP-UX</a>, <a href="http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/software/aix/index.html" target="_blank">IBM-AIX</a> and the ultimate commercial UNIX of all, <a href="http://www.sun.com/software/solaris/" target="_blank">Sun Microsystems' SOLARIS</a>.
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OpenSolaris is the open-source build of SOLARIS; with initial release
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2008.11 meant for x86 platform and on June 1, 2009, OpenSolaris <a href="http://www.opensolaris.org/os/downloads/" target="_blank">2009.06</a>
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was released, with support for both the x86 and SPARC platforms.<br><br>The power of
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Solaris comes from the 100% pre-emptive nature of its underlying kernel <span style="font-style: italic;">SunOS</span>. The
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SunOS architecture is way too complicated to
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explain here in detail, but quintessentially speaking, one of the very
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preliminary distinguishing feature that separates SunOS
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kernel from Linux/FreeBSD/OpenBSD/NetBSD and other such OSes is
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the <span style="font-style: italic;">killer</span> real-time
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multi-threading support that SunOS has for applications/binaries running on it. Solaris is the ONLY OS kernel on earth which
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is 100% pre-emptive in nature, running not processes but threads in Kernel space
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simultaneously and not alternatively; this technically speaking means, SunOS has a LWP threading model <span style="font-style: italic;">(see document link later on for details)</span>
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which maps a single user-space process with a single kernel-space
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thread. Thus, SunOS kernel supports a real-time 1:1 scheduling
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model wherein each application thread has its own LWP, and the SunOS
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kernel is used to schedule all application threads. As a result, a
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SPARC system running Solaris 10 serves out Apache webserver
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requests much faster than on Linux. Additionally, Sun focuses on
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high performance computing whereas the main function of the Linux
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kernel is portability, ease of use etc. A must read for
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all to understand what makes Solaris one of the best commercial UNIXes
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on earth: <a href="http://www.sun.com/software/whitepapers/solaris9/multithread.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: bold;">http://www.sun.com/software/whitepapers/solaris9/multithread.pdf</span></a> <br><br>To
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be precise, on a non-SMP system, there isn't much to choose from
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between Linux and OpenSolaris. But, once you start scaling to multiple
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processors heavily, the difference between Linux and Solaris
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(OpenSolaris included), is apparent. Solaris wins hands down! It is <span style="font-style: italic;">the killer </span>OS for serious people!<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Technical resources:</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><br></span></span></span><ul><li><a href="http://www.unix.org/what_is_unix/history_timeline.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-style: italic;"></span></a><span style="font-style: italic;"></span><a href="http://it.toolbox.com/wiki/index.php/What_is_the_difference_between_Solaris_and_Linux%3F" target="_blank">Difference between Solaris & Linux</a></li><li><a href="http://blogs.sun.com/jimlaurent/entry/faq_difference_between_opensolaris_solaris" target="_blank">Difference
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between Solaris 10, OpenSolaris, Solaris Express Community Edition,
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Solaris Express Developers Edition, Solaris Nevada</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sun.com/software/whitepapers/solaris9/multithread.pdf" target="_blank">Multi-threading in the Solaris Operating Environment</a></li><li><a href="http://docsun.cites.uiuc.edu/sun_docs/C/solaris_9/SUNWdev/MTP/p3.html" target="_blank">Multi-threading Programming Guide from Sun Microsystems</a></li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Software resources:</span><br><ul><li><a href="http://www.sunfreeware.com/" target="_blank">Freeware for Solaris</a></li><li><a href="http://opensolaris.org/os/community/brandz/applications/" target="_blank">Linux applications that run on OpenSolaris</a></li></ul><br><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">For Certification on Solaris:</span><br><ul><li><a href="http://www.sun.com/training/certification/solaris/scsas.xml" target="_blank">Sun Certified Solaris Associate (SCSAS)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sun.com/training/certification/solaris/scsa.xml" target="_blank">Sun Certified System Administrator (SCSA)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sun.com/training/certification/solaris/scna.xml" target="_blank">Sun Certified Network Administrator (SCNA)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sun.com/training/certification/solaris/scseca.xml" target="_blank">Sun Certified Security Administrator (SCSECA)</a></li></ul><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><br>
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<span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span>
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