348 lines
5.4 KiB
HTML
348 lines
5.4 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>The Root Directory</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="Linux Filesystem Hierarchy"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Linux Filesystem Hierarchy"
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HREF="c23.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="Foreward"
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HREF="foreward.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="/bin"
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HREF="bin.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="sect1"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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ALINK="#0000FF"
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>Linux Filesystem Hierarchy: </TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="foreward.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="bin.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="sect1"
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><H1
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CLASS="sect1"
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><A
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NAME="The-Root-Directory"
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></A
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>1.2. The Root Directory</H1
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><P
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> To comply with the FSSTND the following directories, or symbolic links
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to directories, are required in /.
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</P
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><P
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> <TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="screen"
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> /bin Essential command binaries
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/boot Static files of the boot loader
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/dev Device files
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/etc Host-specific system configuration
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/lib Essential shared libraries and kernel modules
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/media Mount point for removeable media
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/mnt Mount point for mounting a filesystem temporarily
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/opt Add-on application software packages
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/sbin Essential system binaries
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/srv Data for services provided by this system
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/tmp Temporary files
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/usr Secondary hierarchy
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/var Variable data
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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</P
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><P
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>The following directories, or symbolic links to directories,
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must be in /, if the corresponding subsystem is installed:</P
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><P
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> <TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="screen"
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> / -- the root directory
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/home User home directories (optional)
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/lib<qual> Alternate format essential shared libraries
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(optional)
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/root Home directory for the root user (optional)
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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</P
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><P
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> Each directory listed above is described in detail
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in separate subsections further on in this document.
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</P
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><P
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> The reference system will be based upon Debian 3.0r0 (Woody),
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2.4.18 kernel configured to a Redhat kernel-2.4.18-i686.config file.
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</P
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><P
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> <P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="variablelist"
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><DL
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><DT
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>Hardware</DT
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><DD
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><P
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> <P
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></P
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><UL
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><LI
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><P
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>Intel Celeron 766 Processor</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>MSI MS-6309 V.2.0 Mainboard</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>512MB PQI PC133 SDRAM</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>16x Lite-On LTD-165H DVD-ROM</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>40x24x10 Sony CRX175A1 CD-RW</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>NVIDIA RIVA 32MB TNT2 M64</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>D-Link DFE-530TX 10/100 NIC</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Realtek RTL8029(AS) 10 NIC</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Lucent Mars2 Linmodem</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>C-Media CMI8738 PCI Audio Device</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Miro DC-30 VIVO</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Aopen KF-45A Miditower Case</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Acer Accufeel Keyboard</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Genius Netscroll+ Mouse</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Compaq MV500 Presario Monitor</P
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></LI
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></UL
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>
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</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>Software</DT
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><DD
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><P
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> <P
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></P
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><UL
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><LI
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><P
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>Windows XP on /dev/hda1</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>FreeBSD 4.2 on /dev/hda2</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Redhat 8.0 on /dev/hda5</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Debian 3.0r0 on /dev/hda6</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Mandrake 9.1 on /dev/hda7</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Swap partition on /dev/hda8</P
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></LI
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></UL
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>
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</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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>
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</P
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><P
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> As we all know Linux file system starts with /, the root directory.
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All other directories are 'children' of this directory. The partition
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which the root file system resides on is mounted first during boot and
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the system will not boot if it doesn't find it. On our reference system,
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the root directory contains the following sub-directories:
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</P
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><P
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> <EM
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>bin/ dev/ home/ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ cdrom/ opt/ vmlinuz
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boot/ etc/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ dvd/ floppy/ initrd/ /tftpboot
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</EM
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>
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</P
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><P
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> In days past it was also the home directory of 'root' but now he has
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been given his own directory for reasons that will be explained further
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on in this document.
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</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
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><HR
|
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ALIGN="LEFT"
|
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
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SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
|
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HREF="foreward.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
|
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
|
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="bin.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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>Foreward</TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
|
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="c23.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="U"
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>Up</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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>/bin</TD
|
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></BODY
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></HTML
|
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> |