319 lines
6.1 KiB
HTML
319 lines
6.1 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>/boot</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="Linux Filesystem Hierarchy"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Linux Filesystem Hierarchy"
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HREF="c23.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="/bin"
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HREF="bin.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="/dev"
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HREF="dev.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="sect1"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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ALINK="#0000FF"
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>Linux Filesystem Hierarchy: </TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="bin.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 1. Linux Filesystem Hierarchy</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="dev.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="sect1"
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><H1
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CLASS="sect1"
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><A
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NAME="boot"
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></A
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>1.4. /boot</H1
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><P
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>This directory contains everything required for the boot process
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except for configuration files not needed at boot time (the most notable
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of those being those that belong to the GRUB boot-loader) and the map
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installer. Thus, the /boot directory stores data that is used before
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the kernel begins executing user-mode programs. This may include redundant
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(back-up) master boot records, sector/system map files, the kernel and
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other important boot files and data that is not directly edited by hand.
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Programs necessary to arrange for the boot loader to be able to boot a
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file are placed in /sbin. Configuration files for boot loaders are placed
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in /etc. The system kernel is located in either / or /boot (or as under
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Debian in /boot but is actually a symbolically linked at / in accordance
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with the FSSTND).</P
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><P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="variablelist"
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><DL
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><DT
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>/boot/boot.0300</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Backup
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master boot record.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/boot.b</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>This
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is installed as the basic boot sector. In the case of most modern
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distributions it is actually a symbolic link to one of four files
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/boot/boot-bmp.b, /boot/boot-menu.b, /boot/boot-text.b, /boot/boot-compat.b
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which allow a user to change the boot-up schema so that it utilises a splash
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screen, a simple menu, a text based interface or a minimal boot loader to
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ensure compatibility respectively. In each case re-installation of lilo is
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necessary in order to complete the changes. To change the actual
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'boot-logo' you can either use utilities such as fblogo or the more
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refined bootsplash.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/chain.b</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Used
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to boot non-Linux operating systems.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/config-kernel-version</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Installed
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kernel configuration. This file is most useful when compiling kernels on
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other systems or device modules. Below is a small sample of what the
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contents of the file looks like.</P
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><P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="screen"
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> CONFIG_X86=y
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CONFIG_MICROCODE=m
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CONFIG_X86_MSR=m
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CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION=y
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CONFIG_MTRR=y
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CONFIG_MODULES=y
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CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y
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CONFIG_SCSI_DEBUG=m
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CONFIG_I2O=m
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CONFIG_ARCNET_ETH=y
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CONFIG_FMV18X=m
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CONFIG_HPLAN_PLUS=m
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CONFIG_ETH16I=m
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CONFIG_NE2000=m
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CONFIG_HISAX_HFC_PCI=y
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CONFIG_ISDN_DRV_AVMB1_C4=m
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CONFIG_USB_RIO500=m
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CONFIG_QUOTA=y
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CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_ADFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_AFFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_HFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_FAT_FS=y
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CONFIG_MSDOS_FS=y
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CONFIG_UMSDOS_FS=m
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CONFIG_FBCON_VGA=m
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CONFIG_FONT_8x8=y
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CONFIG_FONT_8x16=y
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CONFIG_SOUND=m
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CONFIG_SOUND_CMPCI=m
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CONFIG_AEDSP16=m
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></P
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><P
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>As you can see, it's rather
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simplistic. The line begins with the configuration option and whether it's
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configured as part of the kernel, as a module or not at all. Lines beginning
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with a # symbol are comments and are not interpreted during processing.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/os2_d.b</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Used
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to boot to the 0S/2 operating system.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/map</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Contains
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the location of the kernel.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/vmlinuz, /boot/vmlinuz-kernel-version</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Normally the kernel or
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symbolic link to the kernel.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/grub</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>This
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subdirectory contains the GRUB configuration files including boot-up images
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and sounds. GRUB is the GNU GRand Unified Bootloader, a project which
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intends to solve all bootup problems once and for all. One of the most
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interesting features, is that you don't have to install a new partition
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or kernel, you can change all parameters at boot time via the GRUB Console,
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since it knows about the filesystems.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/grub/device.map</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Maps
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devices in /dev to those used by grub. For example, (/dev/fd0) is
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represented by /dev/fd0 and (hd0, 4) is referenced by /dev/hda5.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/grub/grub.conf,
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/boot/grub/menu.lst</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Grub configuration file.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/grub/messages</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Grub
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boot-up welcome message.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Grub
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boot-up background image.</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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></P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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|
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
|
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="bin.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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|
HREF="dev.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
|
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></TR
|
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><TR
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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>/bin</TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
|
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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|
HREF="c23.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="U"
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>Up</A
|
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></TD
|
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
|
>/dev</TD
|
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></TR
|
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></TABLE
|
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></DIV
|
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></BODY
|
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></HTML
|
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> |