829 lines
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829 lines
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<TITLE>More 2 Cent Tips & Tricks LG #78</TITLE></HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000"
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!-- QUICK TIPS SECTION ================================ -->
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<center>
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<H1><A NAME="tips"><IMG ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="" SRC="../gx/twocent.jpg">
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More 2¢ Tips!</A></H1> <BR>
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<!-- BEGIN tips -->
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Send Linux Tips and Tricks to <A HREF="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</A></center>
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</center>
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<UL>
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<!-- index_text begins -->
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<li><A HREF="#tips/1"
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><strong>Tweaking the wily interface</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/2"
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><strong>Clipping URLs</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/3"
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><strong>w3m to access CUPS configuration utility</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/4"
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><strong>Imagem linux_logo.h na Inicializacao do linux</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/5"
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><strong>partial answer to euro-symbol question</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/6"
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><strong>PPP</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/7"
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><strong>Mouse control in X</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/8"
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><strong>Re LG 77: More on NET4</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/9"
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><strong>partition overlap = bad juju</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/10"
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><strong>Re LG 77, wanted #1: private email</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/11"
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><strong>RPMs</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/12"
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><strong>Re LG 77, wanted #5: serial programming</strong></a>: toys.
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<li><A HREF="#tips/13"
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><strong>Re LG 77, wanted #5: serial programming</strong></a>: a guide.
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<li><A HREF="#tips/14"
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><strong>subsystem sftp</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/15"
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><strong>some email related problems</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/16"
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><strong>Linux Red Hat 6.2 Unistallation</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/17"
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><strong>Make sure sshd is "always" there for you</strong></a>
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<li><A HREF="#tips/18"
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><strong>LJWNN tech tips</strong></a>
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<ul>
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<li>Python recursion limit
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<li>Ssh2 client to ssh1 server
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<li>Making executables smaller
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<li>Headphone volume control
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<li><A HREF="http://noframes.linuxjournal.com/subscribe/lja-sub.html"
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>subscribe</a> to <I>Linux Journal's</I> Weekly News Notes</A>
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</ul>
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<!-- index_text ends -->
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</UL>
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/1"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Tweaking the wily interface</FONT></H3>
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Thu, 11 Apr 2002 00:39:48 -0400
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<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%231%20accessibility">The Answer Gang</a>)
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<P>
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Well, I found a solution - but that solution is part of a package that's
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interesting for more reasons than one. AccessControl, a package of useful
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tweaks designed to help folks with disabilities, had what I needed and
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more, along with a control panel that pulled it all together (of course,
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the individual utilities could still be used as stand-alone programs.) It's
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available at <<A HREF="http://cmos-eng.rehab.uiuc.edu/accessx/"
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>http://cmos-eng.rehab.uiuc.edu/accessx/</A>>.
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</P>
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<P>
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Interestingly enough, Dan Linder (the author) says that a similar panel has
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been incorporated into X11R6.6 - a Very Good Thing, in my opinion. However,
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for those of us who'd like (or need) a bit more control over our keyboards,
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mice, display, etc. and are not willing to chase the bleeding edge, this
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package can be a useful tool in the sometimes confusing "battle of the
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interfaces".
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</P>
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<!-- end 1 -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/2"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Clipping URLs</FONT></H3>
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Mon, 8 Apr 2002 13:02:20 -0400
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<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%232%20URLs">The Answer Gang</a>)
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<P>
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After going back to my tried-and-true "icewm" (KDE was just <EM>too</EM> bloated
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for my 366MHz/64MB laptop), I gave a bit of thought to "URL clipping",
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which - if not over-automated - could be a handy feature indeed. Then, I
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remembered the "xclip" utility.
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</P>
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<p align="center">See attached <tt><a href="misc/tips/clipurl.bash.txt">clipurl.bash.txt</a></tt></p>
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<P>
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All that was left was tying "clipurl" to a key sequence in "icewm". To do
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that, I simply added the following line to my "~/.icewm/keys" file:
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</P>
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<blockquote><pre>key "Alt+Ctrl+u" clipurl
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</pre></blockquote>
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<P>
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Now, when I select a URL and want to launch it, I press "Alt-Ctrl-u", and -
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presto! A new Netscape window pops up (if Netscape is already running, it
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spawns a new one). It also works for files in your home directory, or
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"clips" that contain the entire path as well as the filename.
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</P>
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<P>
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One of these days, I might write a little "chooser" for "ftp://", etc.
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URIs... but so far, it hasn't been a problem.
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</P>
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<!-- end 2 -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/3"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">w3m to access CUPS configuration utility</FONT></H3>
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Thu, 18 Apr 2002 00:34:16 -0700
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<BR>Steven R. Robertson (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%233%20CUPS%20via%20w3m">srobert from anv.net</a>)
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<P>
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My tip concerns the CUPS configuration utility that is accessed through the
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webbrowser at <A HREF="http://localhost:631/"
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>http://localhost:631/</a>
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</P>
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<P>
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My default browser, galeon, takes awhile to start on my machine. If all I
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want to do is run the CUPS interface to change a printer parameter, then it's
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much quicker to call it up with the w3m webbrowser in an xterm. Though text
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based, w3m even supports inline images. I put a "printer" button on my gnome
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panel that launches the following command when pressed:
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</P>
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<blockquote><pre>"xterm -title CUPS -bg black -fg white -geometry 110x46+240+50 -fn 7x14 -e w3m http://localhost:631/printers"
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</pre></blockquote>
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<P>
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Steve Robertson
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</P>
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<!-- end 3 -->
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/4"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Imagem linux_logo.h na Inicializacao do linux</FONT></H3>
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Wed, 17 Apr 2002 10:40:44 +0100
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<BR>Heather Stern (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?cc=alfredogn@bol.com.br&cc=editor@gazetadolinux.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%234"><em>LG</em> Technical Editor</a>)
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<BR>Translated by Pedro Medas (editor from gazetadolinux.com)
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<br>Question from Alfredo Guimaraes Neto (alfredogn from bol.com.br)
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<P><STRONG>
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Hi,
|
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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I'm the editor of the '<em>Gazeta do Linux</em>', the portuguese version
|
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of <em>Linux Gazette</em>.
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We received the attached email with a question for you from
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Alfredo Guimaraes Neto.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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Cheers,
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Pedro Medas
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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Ola,
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<br>Gostaria de saber se voces teem um tutorial de como mudar a imagem de
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inicializacao do linux, aquele pinguinzinho com um copo de cerveja, pois
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tentei varias vezes e estou com dificuldades, quando mando compilar o
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kernel, da sempre erro nesse arquivo.
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</P>
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<P>
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Grato,
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Alfredo
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</P>
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<p><strong>
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Hi,
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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I would like to know if you have a HOWTO to change the boot image of
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linux, that penguin with a beer cup, I tried several times and I'm
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having difficulties, when I try to compile the kernel, it reports always
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the same error.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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Greetings,
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<br>Alfredo
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</STRONG></P>
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<HR width="10%" align="center"><P><em>
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Thank you Pedro. I have an answer for him. If you would be kind enough
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to translate it back I think he'd appreciate it. -- Heather
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</em></P>
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<p><font color="#000066">Hi Heather,
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<br>Thanks for the answer to the 'Two Centavos Tip'.
|
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I will translate it for him.
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</font></p>
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<p><font color="#000066">If you need any more info or help feel free to say so.
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</font></p>
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<p><font color="#000066">bests,
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<br>Pedro
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</font></p>
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<blockquote>
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Not precisely a HOWTO, but actually useful instructions, are at the Linux
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Kernel Logo Patch Project:
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<A HREF="http://www.arnor.net/linuxlogo/download.html"
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>http://www.arnor.net/linuxlogo/download.html</A>
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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Apparently you are not the only one in the world who is inclined to change
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the boot logo, but finds it hard to figure out where you would tweak the
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kernel code to use your own. So these people have a patch that makes it
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easy for everybody, not just kernel-hackers, to put in a new image.
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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I think they're looking for help on getting the non-intel platform logos
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right.
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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For my own part, I like it, I think I'll be using it soon myself!
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</blockquote>
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<!-- end 4 -->
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/5"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">partial answer to euro-symbol question</FONT></H3>
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Mon, 1 Apr 2002 15:38:48 +0200 (MEST)
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<BR>rene.leeuwen (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%235">rene from wxs.nl</a>)
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<P>
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Hi Mailgang,
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</P>
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<P>
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Concerning the question of Donal Rogers (rogers from clubi.ie) in the
|
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Mailbag of LG76 I found the following in:
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<A HREF="http://users.pandora.be/sim/euro/112/kde/kbdandbdf.html"
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>http://users.pandora.be/sim/euro/112/kde/kbdandbdf.html</A>
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<A HREF="http://www.interface-ag.com/%7Ejsf/europunx_en.html"
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>http://www.interface-ag.com/%7Ejsf/europunx_en.html</A>
|
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</P>
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<P>
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So: you may start a new xterminal screen with the Euro-enabled font:
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</P>
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<blockquote><pre>xterm -fn -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-C-70-ISO8859-15 &
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</pre></blockquote>
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<P>
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In this terminal you can use the Euro-symbol (eg. echo -e "\244"). The
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question I cannot answer is: how do you force all of your applications to
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use this font (if indeed that is the best solution). But I hope it gives
|
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you something to start working with.
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</P>
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<P>
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--
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groeten,
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<br>Rene van Leeuwen
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</P>
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<!-- end 5 -->
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/6"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">PPP</FONT></H3>
|
|
Sun, 7 Apr 2002 23:40:06 -0400
|
|
<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%236">The Answer Gang</a>)
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<BR>Question from cka74 (cka74 from yahoo.com)
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
Hi,
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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Please kindly advise me on PPP.
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
I'm using RedHat 7.2, somehow I having difficulties in getting the modem
|
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setup and recognized.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
I compiled the new kernel with PPP add-on: Network Device Support -> (Y)
|
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PPP Support -> (Y) PPP Support for async serial ports
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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1. My external modem was connected to com1, so when I echo > <TT>/dev/ttyS0</TT>,
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my TR on modem get lighted.
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
2. I set; setserial -g <TT>/dev/ttyS0</TT>, it shows: <TT>/dev/ttyS0</TT>, UART: 16550A,
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Port: 0x03f8, IRQ: 4
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<blockquote>
|
|
OK - those numbers look fine, and the above test says that you're
|
|
definitely on the right port.
|
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</blockquote>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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I ensured that IRQ 4 is not used by other program by cat <TT>/proc/interrupts</TT>
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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3. When I performed; wvdialconf <TT>/etc/wvdial.conf</TT>, the results show ttyS0
|
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modem was not found.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
I tested out on 2 external modems, same problem arise. but of course my
|
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both modems (one of them was MERZ 566) were in working condition.
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
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<P><STRONG>
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|
Where did I went wrong?
|
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</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
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|
As far I can tell, you didn't; "wvdialconf" does not guarantee to detect
|
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all modems. Try using "minicom" to test it: do the serial port setup (it's
|
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pretty self-explanatory) and see if the modem will respond to simple
|
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commands like "AT" (it should come back with "OK"), "AT&V" (show the
|
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profiles), "ATDT5555555" (dial those numbers), etc. If it responds, just
|
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use those values in your "<TT>/etc/wvdial.conf</TT>", and everything will be fine.
|
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</blockquote>
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|
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<!-- end 6 -->
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/7"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Mouse control in X</FONT></H3>
|
|
Tue, 9 Apr 2002 03:40:43 -0400
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<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%237">The Answer Gang</a>)
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|
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<blockquote><pre>xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 3 2 4 5"
|
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</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If that works for you, you can place the expression (the part between the
|
|
double quotes) in a ".Xmodmap" file in your home directory - or launch it
|
|
directly by specifying the entire command line in your "~/.xinitrc" or
|
|
"~/.xsession" file, depending on how you start your X session.
|
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</P>
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<!-- end 7 -->
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<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
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<P> <A NAME="tips/8"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
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<FONT COLOR="navy">More on NET4 (from LG 77, 2 cent tips)</FONT></H3>
|
|
Wed, 3 Apr 2002 07:07:38 -0600
|
|
<BR>Brian Finn (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%238">brian from nacmsw.com</a>)
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<BR>replying to Chris Gianakopoulos' previous Tip
|
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|
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<P><STRONG>
|
|
Hi,
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
In the 2 cent tips from LG 77, Chris Gianakopoulos writes:
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG><BLOCKQuote>
|
|
"It is my belief that Net4, although it may be influenced by other
|
|
protocol suites, was written from scratch (other han being derived
|
|
from NET3.)"
|
|
</BLOCKQuote></STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
I read recently in Linus Torvalds' "Just for Fun" (and again in
|
|
in Glyn Moody's "Rebel Code") that the TCP/IP implementation in
|
|
Linux was written from scratch in order to avoid being hassled by
|
|
AT&T, who owned UNIX at the time. I suppose AT&T was using their
|
|
legion of lawyers to go after other UNIX implementors for royalties.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Thanks,
|
|
<br>Brian Finn
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Hi Brian,
|
|
<br>That makes sense. I've read somewhere that the book, "The Design of the Unix
|
|
Operating System" by Maurice Bach, influenced Linus Torvalds with respect
|
|
to his Linux stuff. The book described the algorithms of System V Release
|
|
2. Of course, other stuff influenced him also. Thanks for that info,
|
|
Brian.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Regards,
|
|
<br>Chris G.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 8 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/9"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">partition overlap = bad juju</FONT></H3>
|
|
Fri, 12 Apr 2002 01:30:51 -0400
|
|
<BR>Frank Brand (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%239">fbrand from uq.net.au</a>)
|
|
<BR>replying to the Gang's previous Thread
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Hi there Ben,
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
I am responding to you as you were first on the list of answer people:-
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
I refer to "ntfs clobbered my ext3fs!!" in Linux Gazette 77 in which the
|
|
questioner asks about a partition overlap.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
I have encountered this twice. Both times it has been with a mixed
|
|
Windows/Linux drive and using automated partitioning (ie Disk Druid or
|
|
DiskDrake). Your questioner has exactly this scenario.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Now, I never use automated partitioning and I partition the drive using
|
|
parted before I start the installation. I use primary partitions where
|
|
possible and avoid mixed Windows/Linux disk setup.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
I have experienced the overlapping partition syndrome and have found it very
|
|
difficult to overcome. I have not been able to sort it out using fdisk as
|
|
either Linux or Windows fdisk can not do anything to such corrupted
|
|
partitions. I have only been able to recover using disk manager software and
|
|
this was a destructive recovery.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Regards
|
|
<br>Frank Brand
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 9 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/10"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Re: [LG 77] help wanted #1 private email</FONT></H3>
|
|
Wed, 3 Apr 2002 09:00:37 +0100
|
|
<BR>Neil Youngman (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2310">n.youngman from ntlworld.com</a>)
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Hi there
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
I would like to know how to set up my email on my home network with win98
|
|
outlook express and Linux.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
I would like to set it up so that I can email anybody else in the house on
|
|
the network and email via the internet when needed.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Thank You
|
|
<br>Cheryl
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
There are a couple of linuxWorld articles describing Nicholas Petreley's
|
|
setup, which may be suitable for you requirements.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com/site-stories/2002/0318.ldap1.html"
|
|
>http://www.linuxworld.com/site-stories/2002/0318.ldap1.html</A>
|
|
<br><A HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com/site-stories/2002/0401.ldap2.html"
|
|
>http://www.linuxworld.com/site-stories/2002/0401.ldap2.html</A>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 10 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/11"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">RPMs</FONT></H3>
|
|
Thu, 25 Apr 2002 07:06:04 +0100
|
|
<BR>Neil Youngman (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2311">n.youngman from ntlworld.com</a>)
|
|
<BR>Question from Lord of Wolves (Lord0Wolves from aol.com)
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Simple question: What is a ".RPM" and how do I use them. I assume they
|
|
are a type of compression file, but what do I need to use them.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
RPMs are RedHat Package manager files. They contain the necessary files for a
|
|
package, including setup scripts to be run pre- and post-install. They also
|
|
have a list of dependencies, so they can determine whether you have installed
|
|
the other packages on which this one depends.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Simple usage
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><pre>rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm # install package from pkg.rpm
|
|
rpm -Fvh pkg.rpm # freshen (update) package from pkg.rpm
|
|
</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
In both the above examples v is verbose and h is using a hash mark progress
|
|
indicator.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote><DL><DT>
|
|
For examples of other usages see
|
|
<DD><A HREF="http://www.getlinuxonline.com/omp/distro/RedHat/rpm.htm"
|
|
>http://www.getlinuxonline.com/omp/distro/RedHat/rpm.htm</A>
|
|
</DL></blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Neil Youngman
|
|
<br>P.S. If you're asking questions of this list, please turn off MIME and HTML.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 11 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/12"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Re: [LG 77] help wanted #5 serial programming</FONT></H3>
|
|
Wed, 03 Apr 2002 22:54:48 -0500
|
|
<BR>Gary J. Wozniak (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2312">gjwoz from 110.net</a>)
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Hi,
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Check out www.linuxtoys.com. This site has some great examples of how
|
|
to read/write form serial ports in linux.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Radio Shack DVM with RS-232 <<A HREF="http://www.linuxtoys.com/dvm/dvm.html>"
|
|
>http://www.linuxtoys.com/dvm/dvm.html></A>;
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
article was of particular use for me.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Good luck,
|
|
<br>G Wozniak
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- sig -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 12 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/13"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Re: [LG 77] help wanted #5 serial programming</FONT></H3>
|
|
Wed, 10 Apr 2002 14:35:24 +0200
|
|
<BR>Matthias Prinke (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2313">matthias.prinke from sci-worx.com</a>)
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Hi,
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
check out the Serial Programming Guide for POSIX Compliant Operating Systems
|
|
at <A HREF="http://www.easysw.com/~mike/serial"
|
|
>http://www.easysw.com/~mike/serial</A>
|
|
You can find the answer in chapter 4.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Best regards,
|
|
<br>Matthias
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 13 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/14"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">subsystem sftp</FONT></H3>
|
|
Mon, 8 Apr 2002 18:27:59 -0400
|
|
<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2314">The Answer Gang</a>)
|
|
<BR>QUestion from Francoise Guilbault (guilbaultf from em.agr.ca)
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Why when starting SSH client does a subset of sftp open up in the
|
|
background by default?
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Take a look at the last line of your "<TT>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</TT>":
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><pre>Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/sftp-server
|
|
</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Also, from "man sshd":
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><pre>Subsystem
|
|
Configures an external subsystem (e.g., file transfer daemon).
|
|
Arguments should be a subsystem name and a command to execute
|
|
upon subsystem request. The command sftp-server(8) implements
|
|
the "sftp" file transfer subsystem. By default no subsystems
|
|
are defined. Note that this option applies to protocol version 2
|
|
only.
|
|
</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
I find the next-to-the-last sentence very interesting... on Solaris, for
|
|
example, it's defined but commented out. On <A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</A> Linux, it's defined
|
|
<EM>and</EM> enabled by default. I suppose you could turn it off by commenting out
|
|
the line, but I'd make absolutely certain that I didn't have any need for
|
|
it first.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 14 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/15"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">some email related problems</FONT></H3>
|
|
Wed, 3 Apr 2002 18:40:17 +0100
|
|
<BR>Neil Youngman (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2315">n.youngman from ntlworld.com</a>)
|
|
<BR>Question from amitava maity (amaity from vsnl.net)
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Hello everybody,
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
I have emails with a MS-TNEF file and a humor.mp3.scr file as attachments
|
|
waiting in my inbox. How do I view/listen to these attachments?
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
You really don't want to open humor.mp3.scr. That's the Badtrans virus!
|
|
Fortunately, as a linux user you're immune
|
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":-)"
|
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
See <A HREF="http://vil.nai.com/vil/content/v_99069.htm"
|
|
>http://vil.nai.com/vil/content/v_99069.htm</A> for more info.
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
Neil Youngman
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><font color="#000066">As a general point, anything which has two whole three letter extensions
|
|
(.jpg.pdf, .mp3.scr, and so on) especially when the second is one that
|
|
may be reasonable to auto-view, you should be immediately suspicious that
|
|
it's probably a virus. The same goes for MIME types which represent
|
|
auto-view type files but which do not match the extensions given on the
|
|
attachment (e.g. audio/wav but the attachment says .jpg).
|
|
<br>However, there are 4 or 5 different small utilities that will deal
|
|
with a true "TNEF" attachment, easily found at <a href="http://freshmeat.net/"
|
|
>freshmeat.net</a> -- Heather</font></blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 15 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/16"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Linux Red Hat 6.2 Unistallation</FONT></H3>
|
|
Fri, 12 Apr 2002 01:46:11 -0400
|
|
<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2316">The Answer Gang</a>)
|
|
<BR>Question from Alok Garg (aalugarg from yahoo.com)
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
On Fri, Apr 12, 2002 at 06:02:39AM +0100, Alok Garg wrote:
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|
Hello Sir,
|
|
<br>I have 2 HDD of 20 Gig each, on the Primary drive I
|
|
have WinNT and on the secondary I have Linux RH 6.2 I
|
|
wanted to uninstall Linux from the system without
|
|
effecting my data on Win NT. I wanted to move my
|
|
secondary drive to other machine.
|
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
I'm sorry, but that's impossible.
|
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
|
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
|
|
Removing Linux from your machine would
|
|
utterly destroy (beyond any hope of recovery) the data on <EM>every</EM> WinNT
|
|
machine in a 60-mile radius of where you are. Note that everybody will know
|
|
exactly who is responsible: you'll be left in the center of a large charred
|
|
circle. Even if you removed the HD with Linux and carried it off, as soon
|
|
as you erased it, your NT would <EM>know</EM>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
It all happens magically, really.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
(HINT: There's no magic. NT may be evil, but it does <EM>not</EM> watch your Linux
|
|
drive and explode if anything changes.)
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
See <<A HREF="../tag/kb.html#uninstall"
|
|
>http://www.linuxgazette.com/tag/kb.html#uninstall</A>> for tips on
|
|
uninstalling Linux.
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 16 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/17"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Make sure sshd is "always" there for you</FONT></H3>
|
|
Mon, 29 Apr 2002 19:16:33 -0700
|
|
<BR>James T. Dennis (<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com?subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2078%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2317">The Answer Gang</a>)
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
Make sure sshd is "always" there for you.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Using OpenSSH (circa 2.95 or later?) you can configure the sshd to
|
|
run directly from your <TT>/etc/inittab</TT> under a "respawn" directive by
|
|
adding the -D (don't detach) option like so:
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><pre># excerpt from /etc/inittab, near end
|
|
ss:12345:respawn:/usr/sbin/sshd -D
|
|
</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<P>
|
|
This will ensure that an ssh daemon process is always kept running
|
|
even if the system experiences extreme conditions (such as OOM,
|
|
out of memory, overcommitted memory) or a careless sysadmin's
|
|
killall which kills the running daemon. So long as init can function
|
|
it will keep an sshd running (just as it does with your existing
|
|
getty processes).
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
This is particularly handy for systems that are co-located and which
|
|
don't have (reliable) serial port console connections. It just might
|
|
save that drive across town or that frustrating, time consuming and
|
|
embarassing call to the colo staff, etc.
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 17 -->
|
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|
<P> <A NAME="tips/18"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Linux Journal Weekly News Notes tech tips</FONT></H3>
|
|
|
|
<h4 align="center"><br>Python recursion limit
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If Python's built-in recursion limit keeps your incredibly cool
|
|
recursive function from working, you can temporarily set a different
|
|
recursion limit with the sys module.
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><pre>oldlimit = sys.getrecursionlimit()
|
|
sys.setrecursionlimit(len(big_hairy_list))
|
|
incredibly_cool_recursive_function(big_hairy_list)
|
|
sys.setrecursionlimit(oldlimit)
|
|
</pre></blockquote>
|
|
<HR width="10%" align="center">
|
|
<h4 align="center"><br>Ssh2 client to ssh1 server
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If you have an account on a system where only your ssh1 key is
|
|
installed in your authorized_keys file, you can force your ssh
|
|
connection to use version 1 of the protocol with ssh -1 example.com.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Then you can use scp with the -1 option to transfer your ssh2 key
|
|
there, so that you can use version 2 to connect from now on. Paranoid
|
|
sysadmins are turning off version 1 access, so you should be using
|
|
version 2 everywhere by now to be on the safe side.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR width="10%" align="center">
|
|
<h4 align="center"><br>Making executables smaller
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<P>
|
|
To make executables smaller, try running strip(1) with the options -R
|
|
Comment -R Note. This removes "comment" and "note" sections that the
|
|
compiler and linker may have added during the build process.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
(source: MontaVista Software's MontaVista Zone customer support site.)
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR width="10%" align="center">
|
|
<h4 align="center"><br>Headphone volume control
|
|
</h4>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If you're running your headphones straight out of your sound card's
|
|
"Line out" jack, you might notice there's no volume control. Instead
|
|
of trashing your ears or firing up a audio mixer every time you need
|
|
to set the volume, just bind the commands
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><code><font color="#000033"><br> aumix -v+4 # crank up the volume!
|
|
</font></code></blockquote>
|
|
<P>
|
|
and
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote><code><font color="#000033"><br> aumix -v-4 # turn that crap down!
|
|
</font></code></blockquote>
|
|
<P>
|
|
to two spare function keys. (In Sawfish, this is under the "Bindings"
|
|
menu in the sawfish-ui program.) Presto--free and easy volume control
|
|
straight from the keyboard.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
There are also nifty little volume control applets for the <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> and
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</A> taskbars, but why spend pixels on a common task when you have
|
|
all those keys just sitting there?
|
|
</P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- end 18 -->
|
|
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|
|
<!-- *** BEGIN copyright *** -->
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<H5 align="center">This page edited and maintained by the Editors
|
|
of <I>Linux Gazette</I>
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|
<a href="http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html"
|
|
>Copyright ©</a> 2002
|
|
<BR>Published in issue 78 of <I>Linux Gazette</I> May 2002</H5>
|
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<A HREF="mailto:star@starshine.org">Heather Stern</a> of
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