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<TITLE>The Answer Gang 67: Kernel upgrade</TITLE>
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<H3 align="left"><img src="../../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif"
height="50" width="60" alt="(?) " border="0"
>Kernel upgrade</H3>
<p><strong>From andrew
</strong></p>
<p align="right"><strong>Answered By Dan Wilder, Jim Dennis, Heather Stern
<br></strong></p>
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<P><STRONG>
Hi,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I have recently upgraded my kernel from 2.2.12-20 to 2.2.19 &amp; overall it is finding the new one ok. My machine is a Redhat 6.1 machine
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Once you upgrade a new kernel can you simply do another make menuconfig to go through your options again.?
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
> [Dan]
Yes. It'll start with the last options you picked.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" ALT="(?)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>
One of the bad things that happened when i was doing this upgrade was put the tarred file in my <TT>/usr/src/</TT> directory . This is what a help page told me to do. Problem was though that when i untarred the kernel it overwrote my linux folder that was already in there. %^%$##.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
What do you think ?? What do you suggest
Regards...
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
> [Dan]
My byword as a sysadmin, not just in unpacking
archives of any kind, is:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<h4 align="center">
Look before you leap.
</h4>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
When upacking a tar archive, first
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre> tar tvzf your.archive.tgz | head -20
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
to see what it's going to do. If there's a directory in the
way, move it.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I'm not sure why the linux kernel upacks to a "linux" directory.
Most GNU software unpacks to a directory that contains a version
number. In view of Linus's oft-repeated insistance that keeping
the source tree in <TT>/usr/src/linux</TT> is considered harmful, I'd think
he would archive, for example, 2.2.19 so that linux-2.2.19.tar.gz
would unpack to a directory called linux-2.2.19.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I always rename my kernel source directory immediately after
unpacking it. So the the 2.2.19 source is indeed in a directory
called linux-2.2.19. Then I re-establish the symlink of
<TT>/usr/src/linux</TT> -&gt; <TT>/usr/src/linux/kernel-includes-2.2.xx</TT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>[JimD]
A handy trick to resolve the case where you want to have multiple renditions
if the same kernel version; and you want to avoid this sort of "unresolved
module dependency" problem, is to edit the top level Makefile and add some
unique string (like your initials and a number) to the "EXTRAVERSION"
variable (on about the fifth line of the Makefile). This works in 2.2 and
later kernels. In 2.0 and earlier you can simply add the string to the
SUBLEVEL (?) variable. The kernel release code, as reported by `uname -r`
is comprised of the concatenated values of the VERSION, PATCHLEVEL, SUBLEVEL,
(and EXTRAVERSION, for 2.2 and later) variables. That string is used by the
depmod, modprobe, and kmod/kerneld utilities to find the proper kernel directory
under /lib/modules.
</blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>[Heather]
We've also had a considerable discussion in past issues about
whether symlinking straight into the kernel source (instead of keeping a
safe copy to make glibc happy) should be Considered Harmful, or is a
necessary evil:
<A HREF="../../issue62/tag/4.html"
>http://www.linuxgazette.com/issue62/tag/4.html</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
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