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<TITLE>The Answer Guy 55: Boot Stops at LI</TITLE>
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<H1><A NAME="answer">
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<font color="#B03060">The Answer Guy</font>
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<H4>By James T. Dennis,
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<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a><BR>
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LinuxCare,
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<A HREF="http://www.linuxcare.com/">http://www.linuxcare.com/</A>
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<H3 align="left"><img src="../../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif"
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height="50" width="60" alt="(?) " border="0"
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>Boot Stops at LI</H3>
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<p><strong>From pha17 on Wed, 07 Jun 2000
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</strong></p>
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<!-- ::
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Boot Stops at LI
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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:: -->
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<P><STRONG>
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My linux computer freezes when i try to boot, it just says " LI " then
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hangs.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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I have got into the system with a boot disk and checked the
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lilo.conf file and run lilo which returns " Added Linux * " but
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lilo still will not boot
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</STRONG></P>
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<P><STRONG>
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Can you tell be whats wrong ?
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</STRONG></P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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>
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In the documentation for LILO there is a description of this
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problem. The LILO boot loader prints each of the characters:
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"L ... I ... L ... O" (LILO) at a different point in the
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processs of reading/parsing the partition table, loading the
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secondary boot loader code, locating and loading its maps
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(which it uses to locate and load kernels and optionally
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a initial ram disk <TT>---</TT> initrd--- images).
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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When the system stops at LI then that tells you that the process
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failed before it could reach the part of that sequence where it
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would have printed the second "L".
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Usually this means that you have a mismatch in the way that LILO
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and the BIOS are trying to access specific parts of a drive.
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One may be using CHS (cylinder, head, sector) co-ordinates while
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the other might be expecting LBA (linear block address) offsets.
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So, try adding the "linear" directive to the global section of
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your <TT>/etc/lilo.conf</TT> (and re-running the <TT>/sbin/lilo</TT> command to
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build and install a new boot loader from that conf file, of
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course).
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Alternatively, try changing your PCs CMOS Setup options.
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Look for an option like "LBA" or "UDMA" mode and disable it.
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Note that this may not work with newer large capacity drives.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Search the back issues of LG on the term "LILO" for many other
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discussions of this sort of issue and explanations about
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what LBA and CHS mean, and some commentary on the historical
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reasons why IDE has evolved through all these EIDE, LBA, UDMA
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iterations.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Also note that it's still a good idea to make a small (16 <TT>-</TT> 32 Mb)
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"boot" partition at or near the beginning of any hard drive on
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which you install Linux. That should be entirely below the 1024
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cylinder line. Newer versions of LILO can work around that
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infamous limit in most cases <TT>---</TT> but it's still a good idea.
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Most people mount this partiton on <TT>/boot.</TT> It is the best
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place to put your kernels, initrd images, and their System.map
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files. (If you have MS-DOS or some other Microsoft OS installed
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in a large partition at the beginning of a drive, such that you
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can't put a small partition below cylinder 1024, consider using
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<TT>LOADLIN.EXE</TT> instead of LILO).
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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It may also be a good time to look at GRUB (the GNU grand
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unified bootloader). I haven't played with this yet; but
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I've heard that some people are very happy with it.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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You can find out more about GRUB at its home page on the
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Free Software Foundation's (FSF) web pages:
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><BLOCKQuote>
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<A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub.en.html"
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>http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub.en.html</A>
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</BLOCKQuote></BLOCKQUOTE>
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<!-- end 10 -->
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<P> <hr> </p>
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<H5 align="center"><a href="http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html"
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>Copyright ©</a> 2000, James T. Dennis
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<BR>Published in <I>The Linux Gazette</I> Issue 55 July 2000</H5>
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<H6 ALIGN="center">HTML transformation by
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