1150 lines
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HTML
1150 lines
37 KiB
HTML
<!--startcut ==========================================================-->
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>More 2 Cent Tips & Tricks LG #45</title>
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</head>
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<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#0000AF"
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ALINK="#FF0000">
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<!--endcut ============================================================-->
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<H4>"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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</H4>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!-- QUICK TIPS SECTION ================================================== -->
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<center>
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<H1><A NAME="tips"><IMG ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="" SRC="../gx/twocent.gif">
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More 2¢ Tips!</A></H1> <BR>
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Send Linux Tips and Tricks to <A HREF="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">
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gazette@ssc.com
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</A></center>
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<p><hr><p>
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<H3><font color="#CC0000">New Tips:</font></H3>
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<!-- BEGIN xref tips -->
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<ul>
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<li> <a HREF="#gmenu">Using gmenu with fvwm2</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#zip_ide">Iomega ATAPI Zip Drive That Cables Up to IDE & Red Hat 6.0</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#signature">A 2c Tip - Funny signature</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#howto">HOWTO searching script</a>
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</ul>
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<!-- END xref tips -->
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<H3><font color="#CC0000">Answers to Mail Bag Questions:</font></H3>
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<!-- BEGIN xref tips.answers -->
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<ul>
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<li> <a HREF="#split">Splitting big files</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#format">Formating drives</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#kodak">Kodak Problems</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#installation">Installation problems</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#dns">DNS on the fly</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#ipchains">ipchains</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#gcc">gcc will not work</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#dhcp">DHCP</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#ppp">ppp connection</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#speech">ASCII to speach</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#2GB">2GB Limit in LINUX</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#Win98">Windows 98 inside Linux</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#distros">Distributions</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#word">WORD to Postscript</a>
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<li> <a HREF="#g++">g++ and including files that use templates</a>
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</ul>
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<!-- END xref tips.answers -->
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<!-- BEGIN tips -->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="gmenu"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Using gmenu with fvwm2
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</FONT> </H3>
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Sun, 01 Aug 1999 16:35:00 -0500
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<BR>From: Tim Moran <<A HREF="mailto:tmoran@gbonline.com">tmoran@gbonline.com></A>
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<P> I usually use fvwm, but sometimes I like to switch to enlightenment.
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The problem was maintaining two sets of menus. So, with a little
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tweaking, I now use the gnome menu editor to maintain both.
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<P> Enlightenment is simple. The menu.cfg can read gnome's menus with:
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<PRE>
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BEGIN_NEW_GNOME_MENU("GNOME_USER_SUBMENU", "ROOT", HOME_DIR"/.gnome/apps")
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ADD_MENU_TITLE("User Apps")
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END_MENU
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</PRE>
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<P> Fvwm was a bit tricky. I probably am not using the best possible solution,
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but it works for me.
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<P> I recompiled wmconfig that comes with RedHat 6.0. In wmconfig.c there
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is a section that begins #if HAVE_GNOME. I changed this to read my
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~/.gnome/apps directory:
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<PRE>
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ret = parse_gnome_files("/home/tmoran/.gnome/apps", NULL);
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</PRE>
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<P> Then I made a little shell script to run wmconfig and clean up
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some unneeded files:
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<PRE>
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#!/bin/sh
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wmconfig --output=fvwm2 --no-sysdir --rootmenu="ROOTMENU" > .fmenu
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find /home/tmoran -name .order -exec rm -f {} \;
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find /home/tmoran -name .directory -exec rm -f {} \;
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</PRE>
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<P> Finally, my .fvwm2rc contains:
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<PRE>
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AddToMenu RootMenu
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+ "&Rxvt" Exec exec rxvt
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+ "" Nop
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Read /home/tmoran/.fmenu
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AddToMenu RootMenu
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+ "" Nop
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+ "&Fvwm Modules" Popup Module-Popup
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+ "" Nop
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+ "Refresh Screen" Refresh
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+ "" Nop
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+ "&Exit Fvwm" Popup Quit-Verify
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</PRE>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="zip_ide"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">Iomega ATAPI Zip Drive That Cables Up to IDE & Red Hat 6.0
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</FONT> </H3>
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Tue, 17 Aug 1999 11:15:40 -0700
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<BR>From: rbsimon <<A HREF="mailto:rbsimon@earthlink.net">rbsimon@earthlink.net></A>
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<P> A simple way to mount your ATAPI Zip drive is to:
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<OL>
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<LI> Create a mount point, e.g. /mnt/zip
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<LI> Install loadable kernel module: 'insmod ide-scsi'
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<LI> Mount the device: 'mount -t msdos /dev/sda4 /mnt/zip'
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<LI> To unmount: 'umount /dev/sda4'
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</OL>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="signature"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">A 2c Tip - Funny signature
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</FONT> </H3>
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Wed, 18 Aug 1999 20:58:49 +0200
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<BR>From: Csaba Feher <<A HREF="mailto:csfeher@freemail.c3.hu">csfeher@freemail.c3.hu></A>
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<P> Hello guys,
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<P> I just make up my mind to write a short shell-script to do some fun.
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It is for making funny signatures with 'fortune'. You can use it with your
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mailing software that can handle signatures. I tested it with Netscape and Pine,
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with a Mandrake Linux distro.
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<P> You need:
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<OL>
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<LI> the 'fortune' application. I think many of you have it under
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/usr/games/ (Or somewhere else, so you may edit the script if you need to.) If
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not, your installation media or a close FTP mirror should have it.
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<LI> an 'sh' compatible shell...
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<LI> the script below. I call it 'sigchange'.
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<LI> a .signature file in your home directory (optional)
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</OL>
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<PRE>
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#!/bin/sh
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#
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# sigchange
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#
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# A simple shell script to get your .signature file looking more funny....
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#
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# Written by Csaba Feher (csfeher@freemail.c3.hu)
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#
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<P> # First, if .signature exists, we just remove it, in order to start with an
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empty one
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if [ -f $HOME/.signature ]; then
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rm -f $HOME/.signature
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fi
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<P> #Then, make some good-sounding signature with the help of 'fortune'.
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#The -s option is because of Netscape, it says that the estimated length of the
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signature was 4 lines.
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#You may alter the categories to suit your needs. I prefer these two...
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/usr/games/fortune -s linuxcookie computers > $HOME/.signature
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S=$(cat $HOME/.signature)
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<P> #Take a short look at your basic signature file,
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#which you may want to appear at the end of all newly-made signature.
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#Create & edit as you like. But, I suggest to keep it short.
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O=$(cat $HOME/.signature.basic)
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<P> #Now put the whole stuff to the usual place
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echo -e "$S\n $O" > $HOME/.signature
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</PRE>
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<P> Usage:
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<OL>
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<LI> Use the script and make it executable for everybody you want to be
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able to use.
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<LI> Copy it under /bin or /usr/bin, or wherever you want to. Do not
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forget to check your PATH variable, it should include the path to 'sigchange'.
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<LI> Add the following line to your system initialization script:
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<PRE>
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sigchange
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</PRE>
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This is /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit for Mandrake or Red Hat; it may be different in
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other distributions. You should check and find the script that initializes and
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boots up your system. The .signature will change each time you reboot your
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Linux box.
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<LI> If you prefer more changes, you can add a line containing this:
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<PRE>
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sigchange
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</PRE>
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to /etc/rc.d/rc (Mandrake/Red Hat). It starts 'sigchange' each time the runlevel
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changes.
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<LI> make a .signature.basic file in your home directory, or rename your
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existing .signature file to it. Edit it to contain a suitable signature you want
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to use at the bottom of your mails. I think you should keep it short.
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</OL>
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<P> Changes are made at the next reboot /runlevel change.
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<P> Feel free to use and enjoy it!
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Any comments are welcome!
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<P> p.s.: my recent signature is made with this method...
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<P>-- <BR>
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But what can you do with it? -- ubiquitous cry from Linux-user partner.<BR>
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(Submitted by Andy Pearce, ajp@hpopd.pwd.hp.com)<BR>
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<P> ### Keep on running LINUX! # Csaba Feher # csfeher@freemail.c3.hu ###<BR>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="howto"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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<FONT COLOR="navy">HOWTO searching script
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</FONT> </H3>
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Wed, 25 Aug 1999 11:56:57 -0400 (EDT)
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<BR>From: Matt Willis <<A HREF="mailto:matt@optimus.cee.cornell.edu">matt@optimus.cee.cornell.edu></A>
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<P> I find that searching howtos is easier if you use a script. I was
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inspired by another program to write a semi-smart howto script. You
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use it like:
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<PRE>
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howto lilo
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</PRE>
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<P> and it searches for lilo, Lilo, LILO etc in the HOWTO tree, and
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then finds LILO. If something is not found, it lists suggestions.
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<P> - Matt Willis
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<PRE>
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#!/bin/csh
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# HOWTO Database searcher with limited smarts
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setenv HOWTOBASE /usr/doc/HOWTO
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setenv HOWTOPATH `find $HOWTOBASE -type d -print`
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setenv FOUND 0
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setenv NAME1 $1
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setenv NAMELC `echo $1 | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'`
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setenv NAMEUC `echo $1 | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'`
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setenv NAMEPC `echo $1 | awk '{print toupper(substr($1,1,1)) substr($1,2)}'`
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foreach NAME ($NAME1 $NAMELC $NAMEUC $NAMEPC)
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foreach k ($HOWTOPATH)
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if (-f $k/$NAME-HOWTO) then
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echo $k/$NAME-HOWTO
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less -r $k/$NAME-HOWTO
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setenv FOUND 1; break; break
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else if (-f $k/$NAME) then
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echo $k/$NAME
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less -r $k/$NAME
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setenv FOUND 1; break; break
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else if (-f $k/$NAME-HOWTO.gz) then
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echo $k/$NAME-HOWTO.gz
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gunzip -c $k/$NAME-HOWTO.gz | less -r
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setenv FOUND 1; break; break
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else if (-f $k/$NAME.gz) then
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echo $k/$NAME.gz
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gunzip -c $k/$NAME.gz | less -r
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setenv FOUND 1; break; break
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endif
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end
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end
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if ($FOUND == 0) then
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echo "Was unable to find '$1' .. possible matches:"
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# use case-insensitive name search (iname)
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setenv MATCH `find $HOWTOBASE -iname ''\*$1\*'' -print`
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if ("$MATCH" == "") then
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echo "Nothing (sorry)!"
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else
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foreach k ($MATCH)
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echo $k | sed 's/^.*\// /'
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end
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endif
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endif
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</PRE>
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<!-- END tips -->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<H4><font color="maroon">
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Tips in the following section are answers to questions printed in the Mail
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Bag column of previous issues.
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</font></H4>
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<!-- BEGIN tips.answers -->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="split"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Splitting big files
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</FONT> </H3>
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Wed, 04 Aug 1999 13:41:02 +0200
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<BR>From: Finn Jespersen <<A HREF="mailto:fje@ficsgrp.com">fje@ficsgrp.com></A>
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Laurent Mulot (Laurent.Mulot@anp.lip6.fr) wrote:
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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I'd like to truncate a 3MB file so that I can put it on floppy disks.
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The file is already compressed. Is there a Linux instruction or a
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software that can do such a thing ?
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<P> Every Linux comes with the
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GNU utilities. One of these is "split" which will do the job. Read man
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split or info split.
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<P> To split a file into floppy sized files
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<PRE>
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split -b1440k a_whopping_big_file chunk
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</PRE>
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<P> which produces chunkaaa, chunkaab, chunkaac etc.
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<P> Use mcopy to copy to/from floppy. To re-create a_whopping_big_file do
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<PRE>
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cat chunk* > a_whopping_big_file
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</PRE>
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<P> Hope this helps.<BR>
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Finn
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<P><STRONG><EM>
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Martin Benthues <<A HREF="mailto:na1374@fen.baynet.de">na1374@fen.baynet.de></A>
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suggests:</EM></STRONG>
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<P> The required task is rather easy to be achieved if both source and
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target system are linux and have GNU tar installed.
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<P> Assume floppy drive is a 3.5" drive at /dev/fd0
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<P> Copy to disk:
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<PRE>
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tar -c -f /dev/fd0 -L1440K -M <File-Name>
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</PRE>
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<P> Copy from disk:
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<PRE>
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tar -x -f /dev/fd0 -L1440K -M <File-Name>
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</PRE>
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<P> tar will prompt the user to enter a new disk when ever it made one full.
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<P> Note:<BR>
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The floppy disks will be overwritten without warning. Any old content is
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lost. No useable file system is installed. The disks are treated as a
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"tape" containing a set of blocks. For any later use with an operating
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system (DOS, Linux) the disks need to be reformatted.
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<P> Best regards,<BR>
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Martin Benthues
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<P><STRONG><EM> Brian <<A HREF="mailto:vocalist@home.com">vocalist@home.com></A>
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says:</EM></STRONG>
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<P> Short explanation:
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If you use the 'split' command, you can split a file up into
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chunks. Once onto a floppy, you can transport the file. When you want to
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reclaim the files, you can simply copy them back to hard drive and use
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'cat' to put them back together.
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<P> Long (full) explanation:
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I have a 292529 byte file named lasg-0-0-9.pdf on my hard drive, and
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I want to save it in chunks (or less) so I can put it on floppy for
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saving...
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You can see that no chunk is larger than 1K, as specified by the -C1k
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option to 'split'. The second option un this example is the name of the
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original file, and the third option in this example is the name of the
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output file prefix.
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The prefix is followed up by a unique string which ensures that when
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concatenated in a sorted order that you get the same file back. I tested
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this with the command
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<PRE>
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cat lasg-0-0-9.pdg[a-z][a-z]* > tmp.lasg-0-0-9.pdf
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</PRE>
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and the resulting file tmp.lasg-0-0-9.pdf was
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identical to the original file.
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<PRE>
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% split -C1k lasg-0-0-9.pdf lasg-0-0-9.pdf
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%ls -al
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Total 655
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drwxrwxr-x 2 vocalist users 9216 Aug 21 08:53 .
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drwxr-xr-x 20 vocalist users 2048 Aug 21 08:50 ..
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 0 Aug 21 08:53 data
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 292529 Aug 21 08:50 lasg-0-0-9.pdf
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 898 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfaa
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 738 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfab
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 1024 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfac
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 1024 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfad
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[Lots and lots of lines not shown. -Ed.]
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 1020 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfno
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 1000 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfnp
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 vocalist users 118 Aug 21 08:52 lasg-0-0-9.pdfnq
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<P><STRONG><EM> Jimmy O'Regan <<A HREF="mailto:joeregan@tinet.ie">joeregan@tinet.ie></A>
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chimes in:</EM></STRONG>
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<P>You can find out more by typing "man split" or "info split".
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<P> But in your case you'd probably want to try
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<PRE>
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$ split -b 1380k your.file your.file.
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</PRE>
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So it'll split the file "your.file" into files of 1.38m in size (ideal for
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floppies), named your.file.aa, your.file.ab and your.file.ac (etc if you use
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a different size).
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<P> You can rejoin them with
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<PRE>
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$ cat your.file.aa your.file.ab your.file.ac & your.file
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</PRE>
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<P> J.
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<P><STRONG><EM>Remco Schellekens <<A HREF=mailto:merty@xs4all.nl>merty@xs4all.nl></A>
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suggests:</EM></STRONG>
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<P> dd will do the trick.
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<P> Use it in the form:
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|
|
<PRE>
|
|
dd if=your-input-file of=first-out-file skip=0 count=2840
|
|
dd if=your-input-file of=second-out-file skip=2840 count=2840
|
|
dd if=your-input-file of=third-out-file skip=5680 count=2840
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
...and so on.
|
|
|
|
<P> Assuming blocksizes are 512 bytes, so the count of 2840 is approx. 1.4 Mb
|
|
To get the file back just use cat command:
|
|
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
cat first-out-file > your-file
|
|
cat second-out-file >> your-file
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
... and so on
|
|
|
|
<P> of course it will be a bit easier if you make a shell script of it.
|
|
|
|
<P> Thats it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>Roland Smith <<A HREF="mailto:rsmith@xs4all.nl">rsmith@xs4all.nl></A>
|
|
also suggests:</EM></STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> 3) Zip the file and use zipsplit to split it into files that will fit
|
|
on a floppy.
|
|
|
|
<P> Hope this helps.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="format"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Formating drives
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Tue, 03 Aug 1999 22:43:10 +0100
|
|
<BR>From: Murray Gibbins <<A HREF="mailto:wibble@morpheus.ednet.co.uk">wibble@morpheus.ednet.co.uk></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> Hi,
|
|
|
|
<P> if e.g. your LS120 is on /dev/hdb try
|
|
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mksf -t ext2 /dev/hdb
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
<P> or some variant thereof.
|
|
|
|
<P> Yours<BR>
|
|
wibble
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="kodak"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Kodak Problems
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Tue, 03 Aug 1999 22:48:24 +0100
|
|
<BR>From: Murray Gibbins <<A HREF="mailto:wibble@morpheus.ednet.co.uk">wibble@morpheus.ednet.co.uk></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> Investigate using Perl and ImageMagick, it will automate the proccess
|
|
and do everything you want.
|
|
|
|
<P> Yours<BR>
|
|
Wibble
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>Zak <<A HREF="mailto:zak@acadia.net">zak@acadia.net></A>
|
|
responds:</EM></STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> I would like to thank each and every person who responded to my question
|
|
about using gimp with the subject disk. The problem was that when I put the
|
|
images on the HD (using Mcopy, since the Kodak(c) Picture Disk is a DOS/'doze
|
|
thingee), they were upside-down (and I later found *were* left to right), and
|
|
that I couldn't figure out how gimp worked. I use RH 5.1.
|
|
|
|
<P> One of the replies suggested I try 'xv', so I looked in my RH5.1 manual,
|
|
and found on page 6 that it had been replaced. I checked out my 5.1 CD (I
|
|
bought the 'official box') and guess what...it's there! I tried it and it not
|
|
only flipped the images 'rightsideup', but can also flip 'em right-to-left, and
|
|
much more. Now here's the kicker: about two weeks ago I put another roll of
|
|
film in and requested the disk when it was processed. When I got the pix and
|
|
disk back, I stuffed the disk into FRED and called up 'xv' so that I could flip
|
|
the pix again.
|
|
|
|
<P> They were all set up correctly on the disk! I didn't have to do anything
|
|
with them. Do you think maybe someone from Kodak reads <I>Linux Gazette</I>, too?
|
|
|
|
<P> Zak
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="installation"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Installation problems
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Tue, 10 Aug 1999 17:13:27 +0200
|
|
<BR>From: Michael Planes <<A HREF="mailto:Michael.Planes@bull.net">Michael.Planes@bull.net></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> Hi,
|
|
I hope you already had an answer from the net. Otherwise, I just got last week
|
|
the very same problem with a quadri Xeon and 1GB of RAM:
|
|
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
scsi : 0 hosts
|
|
scsi : detected total
|
|
Partition check
|
|
VFS: Cannot open device 08:21
|
|
Kernel panic: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on 08:21
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
Many reboots later (and many configuration changes) I finally succeeded
|
|
when I added an option when booting linux kernel:
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
linux mem=128M expert
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
<P> I checked on the web that other people already had this problem and fixed
|
|
it (removing memory, adding boot option, etc...)
|
|
It would have been nice if such an information had been clearly available
|
|
at RedHat.
|
|
I hope it will be.
|
|
bye,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="dns"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">DNS on the fly
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Tue, 10 Aug 1999 17:13:27 +0200
|
|
<BR><BR>From: Jim Bradley -- Maryville, MO USA <<A HREF="mailto:twise@jbradley@msc.net">jbradley@msc.net></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> I have my laptop configured to plug into the network of my employer. At
|
|
home, I plug my laptop into my home network, and dial out from another
|
|
machine setup for dial on demand. Unfortunately, if it takes forever waiting
|
|
for the two timeouts when trying to connect to the employer's DNS servers
|
|
from home, and if I change the DNS order, it takes just as long for the
|
|
timeout error when attempting to connect to my ISP's DNS from my employer's
|
|
network. Is there an easy way to change the DNS servers when needed? It's
|
|
easy enough to change IP addresses with the ifconfig command, is there a
|
|
similar means for changing the DNS? Or, should I just bite the bullet and
|
|
setup BIND on the laptop?
|
|
|
|
<P> My apologies if it doesn't - I've made enough changes to my setup that I
|
|
could have automated it myself. I don't keep multiple copies of
|
|
/etc/resolv.conf yet get the correct DNS server. I know for certain that
|
|
DHCP makes the update.
|
|
|
|
<P> The only change I _remember_ making that's related to this is I generate the
|
|
hosts file at bootup, since the only thing I keep in my hosts file is
|
|
localhost and the hostname. Primarily because the long hostname can change
|
|
based on which network I'm connected to (or even not connected at all).
|
|
|
|
<P> Ted
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>C Ted Wise <twise@jamesmartin.com> replies:</EM>
|
|
</STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> Your DNS server(s) are defined in the /etc/resolv.conf file. If you're
|
|
using DHCP or PPP, this should be updated automagically with the correct
|
|
server. If you're defining everything by hand, you'll need to modify this
|
|
file to reflect the correct DNS server. Changes to the file may not be
|
|
reflected in already running programs (daemons).
|
|
|
|
<P> If you're not running a DHCP server on your home network, consider one, it
|
|
will greatly ease the pain of moving the laptop between locations.
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>The </EM>Linux Gazette<EM> Editor writes to Ted:</EM>
|
|
</STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> Since when did Linux PPP start automagically updating the DNS server?
|
|
Windows does this, but in my experience Linux does not. You have to have
|
|
several /etc/resolv.conf files, and use a symbolic link to point to the
|
|
"current" one. You can have a shell script that does this and calls pppd.
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>Ted responds:</EM>
|
|
</STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> I've been using the KPPP dialer under KDE and that one definitely makes
|
|
changes to the /etc/resolv.conf file. When it makes a connection, it
|
|
modifies the file - commenting out the existing lines and adding ones
|
|
applicable to the PPP connection. When you exit the application, it
|
|
restores the original file.
|
|
|
|
<P> From the comments in the file, it looks to be behavior specific to KPPP.
|
|
This is where my confusion came in. My home server is running DNS and masqs
|
|
through to the PPP interface so the /etc/resolv.conf file doesn't change
|
|
based on the PPP connection. It's only my laptop that needs this and I was
|
|
making the assumption (I know, I know) that KPPP was just a pretty face on
|
|
PPPD.
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|
[Conclusion: pppd knows nothing about /etc/resolv.conf. KPPP rewrites
|
|
it on the fly. DHCP does the Right Thing somehow automatically.
|
|
Any more comments? -Ed.]
|
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>
|
|
Ernst-Udo Wallenborn <<A HREF="mailto:wall@phys.chem.ethz.ch">wall@phys.chem.ethz.ch></A>
|
|
suggests:</EM></STRONG>
|
|
|
|
<P> i use the SCHEMES facility of the PCMCIA package to solve a related
|
|
problem: how to use a laptop in two LANs with different IP addresses,
|
|
different domains, and (naturally) different DNS servers.
|
|
|
|
<P> Basically you set up a file /etc/pcmcia/network.opts
|
|
which contains all network options, esp. something like
|
|
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
case "$ADDRESS" in
|
|
home,*,*,*)
|
|
[snip]
|
|
SEARCH="domain.com"
|
|
DNS_1="1.2.3.4"
|
|
DNS_2=""
|
|
DNS_3=""
|
|
[snip]
|
|
;;
|
|
work,*,*,*)
|
|
[snip]
|
|
SEARCH="work.com"
|
|
DNS_1="5.6.7.8"
|
|
DNS_2=""
|
|
DNS_3=""
|
|
[snip]
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> Then, when booting with lilo you can append SCHEME=home or SCHEME=work,
|
|
or better write this into /etc/lilo.conf directly. and type 'home'
|
|
or 'work' at the lilo prompt.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> The whole procedure is described in detail here:
|
|
<A HREF=http://www.suse.de/sdb/en/html/ke_pcmcia-scheme.html>
|
|
www.suse.de/sdb/en/html/ke_pcmcia-scheme.html</A>
|
|
|
|
<P> and the PCMCIA package is available here:
|
|
<A HREF=http://hyper.stanford.edu/~dhinds/pcmcia/pcmcia.html>
|
|
hyper.stanford.edu/~dhinds/pcmcia/pcmcia.html</A>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> hope this helps
|
|
|
|
<P> -- <BR>
|
|
Ernst-Udo Wallenborn<BR>
|
|
Laboratorium fuer Physikalische Chemie<BR>
|
|
ETH Zuerich
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="ipchains"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">ipchains
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Tue, 10 Aug 1999 15:19:38 -0600
|
|
<BR>From: Warren Young <<A HREF="mailto:tangent@cyberport.com">tangent@cyberport.com></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> "Martin L. Ferguson" wrote:
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
I saw your "$0.02 Tip" response in Linux Gazette (copied below), but
|
|
the URL for the "scipts" section was not included. Could you send it
|
|
to me - I would like to look at a comprehensive ipchains configuration.
|
|
Thanks.
|
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
<P> [snip]
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
<P> From the Gazette:
|
|
|
|
<P> I think perhaps you are missing a few important rules, such as
|
|
rules to allow DNS replies. My own script for enabling
|
|
masquerading and firewalling is available at the URL below, in
|
|
the "scripts" section.
|
|
|
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
<P> The URL my message mentions was in the signature. It is apparently the
|
|
policy of the Linux Gazette to chop signatures from messages, so it
|
|
didn't appear in the Gazette. (I'm Cc'ing this message to the Gazette's
|
|
editor, in case they want to fix that page.)
|
|
|
|
<P> The URL is
|
|
<A HREF=http://www.cyberport.com/~tangent/ix/scripts/>
|
|
www.cyberport.com/~tangent/ix/scripts/</A>
|
|
|
|
<P> The scripts I refer to in my original message are "firewall-enable" and
|
|
"firewall-disable".
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|
[Added the URL to the previous article. The directory also contains
|
|
some other scripts to tar a directory, replace tabs with spaces,
|
|
do a hex dump, etc. And yes, I do chop off signatures. :) -Ed.]
|
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="gcc"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">gcc will not work
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Fri, 13 Aug 1999 00:25:55 +0200 (CEST)
|
|
<BR>From: Roland Smith <<A HREF="mailto:rsmith@xs4all.nl">rsmith@xs4all.nl></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> Hi,
|
|
|
|
<P> I saw your e-mail in the Mailbag section in the Linux Gazette.
|
|
|
|
<P> I think you have not installed the binutils package. This contains some
|
|
programs that gcc needs to make executables out of a bunch of object
|
|
files.
|
|
|
|
<P> Hope this helps.<BR>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="dhcp"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">DHCP
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Fri, 13 Aug 1999 00:33:38 +0200 (CEST)
|
|
<BR>From: Roland Smith <<A HREF="mailto:rsmith@xs4all.nl">rsmith@xs4all.nl></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> Concerning your question of adding a Linux workstation to a network
|
|
that uses DHCP:
|
|
|
|
<P> You probably have a mini-HOWTO available (if you have installed them,
|
|
which is wise): /usr/doc/HOWTO/mini/DHCPcd.gz
|
|
|
|
<P> You'll need the DHCP client. Check if it is available in your
|
|
distribution, or get it at ftp.kobe-u.ac.jp from the directory
|
|
/pub/PC-UNIX/Linux/network/dhcp
|
|
|
|
<P> If you're using Red Hat you can use the control-panel to set up eth0
|
|
for DHCP.
|
|
|
|
<P> Hope this helps!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="ppp"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">ppp connection
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Fri, 13 Aug 1999 00:43:42 +0200 (CEST)
|
|
<BR>From: Roland Smith <<A HREF="mailto:rsmith@xs4all.nl">rsmith@xs4all.nl></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> You wrote:
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
I have an interesting problem. I have configured ezppp, kppp, and
|
|
gnome-ppp to connect to my mindspring account, and all three seem to be
|
|
doing so just fine. However, when I startup netscape or any other
|
|
internet application, I can't access the internet. It just sits there
|
|
trying to lookup the host. No error message. No nothing. I am
|
|
completely stumped. Any help would be appreciated.
|
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
|
|
<P> Some things you could look at:
|
|
|
|
<OL>
|
|
<LI> Do you actually make a connection with ppp before starting
|
|
netscape? You'll need additional software if you want to be able to dial in
|
|
automagically every time you try to reach the internet.
|
|
<LI> Have you added your ISP's name-server to /etc/resolv.conf?
|
|
<LI> he /etc/host.conf file configured correctly? It should consist
|
|
of these two lines:
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
order hosts,bind
|
|
multi on
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
</OL>
|
|
|
|
<P> Hope this helps!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="speech"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">ASCII to speach
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Fri, 13 Aug 1999 01:34:06 +0200 (CEST)
|
|
<BR>From: Roland Smith <<A HREF="mailto:rsmith@xs4all.nl">rsmith@xs4all.nl></A>
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
<P> From your mail in the Linux gazette it is not clear what you're looking
|
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
for.
|
|
|
|
<P> Your subject line says you're looking for ascii to speech conversion.
|
|
For that you could try "rsynth" or "festival". (look at freshmeat.net
|
|
for URL's)
|
|
|
|
<P> Voice recognition software for Linux is something else altogether. I
|
|
think IBM has released some software for this.
|
|
|
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|
[Thanks, Roland, for all your answers. -Ed]
|
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM> Jimmy O'Regan <<A HREF="mailto:joeregan@tinet.ie">joeregan@tinet.ie></A>
|
|
adds:</EM></STRONG>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> ASCII to speech and speech recognition are complete opposites, but you
|
|
can find most software available for Linux for either purpose at the
|
|
BLINUX site - http://leb.net/blinux/ or at http://leb.net/pub/blinux
|
|
|
|
<P> J.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="2GB"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">2GB Limit in LINUX
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Thu, 19 Aug 1999 16:08:23 -0700
|
|
<BR>From: Greg Morse <<A HREF="mailto:greg_morse@bctel.com">greg_morse@bctel.com></A>
|
|
|
|
<P> This limit does not apply even if the BIOS does not support the large
|
|
drive.
|
|
I recently added an 8GB drive to an old Compaq prolinea 133. the DOS
|
|
fdisk could see the drive but not use it. Linux (RH6.0) however happily
|
|
created an 8GB filesystem on the drive.
|
|
|
|
<P> JGM
|
|
|
|
<P><STRONG><EM>Niels Elgaard Larsen <<A HREF="mailto:elgaard@diku.dk">elgaard@diku.dk></A>
|
|
writes:</EM></STRONG>
|
|
|
|
1. It is _not_ down to the BIOS. You can just give the geometry as arguments
|
|
to 'fdisk'
|
|
|
|
2. Do not trust the information from the maker of the disk. I installed a 10
|
|
GB IBM disk. The geometry printed on the disk and shown on IBM's web-side was
|
|
identical to the geometry of their 8GB disk. I think they rely on special software to make it
|
|
work on Windows.
|
|
I assumed sectors and # of heads were correct and computed # of cylinders from
|
|
the capacity and fed it to cfdisk. It works.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|
<a name="Win98"></a>
|
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|
ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Windows 98 inside Linux
|
|
</FONT> </H3>
|
|
Sat, 21 Aug 1999 08:39:45 -0400
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<BR>From: Brian <<A HREF="mailto:vocalist@home.com">vocalist@home.com></A>
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<P> Dear Markus,
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<P> If you'll visit www.vmware.com, you'll see their product VMWare -
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written up in the July 1999 issue of
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<I><A HREF=http://www.linuxjournal.com/lj-issues/issue63/3458.html>
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Linux Journal</A></I>, or for subscribers
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<A HREF=http://interactive.linuxjournal.com/Magazines/LJ63/>
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interactive.linuxjournal.com</A>).
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<P> VMWare will allow you to run a number of different Virtual Machines on
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top of your Linux box. See the web page for the details. Oh - the price
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is $299, I'm considering it so that I can test Java on a Windows
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platform without actually having Windoze in control of my hardware. :)
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="distros"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">Distributions
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</FONT> </H3>
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Wed, 25 Aug 1999 01:18:59 -0400
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<BR>From: Steve Wolfe <<A HREF="mailto:swolfe@InfoAve.Net">swolfe@InfoAve.Net></A>
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<P> Someone more knowledgeable than I could probably tell you the exact
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differences between Suse and Red Hat. There is more activity on Red Hat.
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<P> A more important question is, "What Distribution are people around you
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using?"
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<P> Unix/Linux is not too hard to learn - but it is different than windows.
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Try to find a User's group and/or computer store that has Linux around
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and then you can see it and talk to people. I liked the book "Life with
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Unix" to give a good grounding on what to expect. The O'Reilly books
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are invaluable. I also like the printed collections of the Linux
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Documentation project containing the System's Administrator's Guide and
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the Network Administrators Guide and the How-tos.
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<P> I used to the idea of a dual boot system - so you can use either Linux
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or Win xx, but not at the same time. This works for a while. The
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drawback is that you cannot use both at the same time. The best order
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of events (briefly) is 1) partition, 2) install Winxx 3) install Linux
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and Lilo.
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<P> Two machines are better yet. With a small LAN you can then telnet or use
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an X-windowing program to use both machines - This is what I do now.
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Several X-server programs exist for Windows. Hummingbird's Exceed,
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Reflection's X-windows suite, and StarNet's (x-win32) are three good
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ones and I have used all three.
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<P> I have heard some use of virtual machines (vmware makes one) in which
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you can use two operating systems at the same time on the same machine -
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but I have not tried it.
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<P> After reading the documentation you can mount a FAT partition from
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Linux and use it as a way to transfer data back and forth between
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machines. If you have two machines the network takes care of the file
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transfers. Remember that a Unix/Linux text file has only linefeeds and
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a PC-DOS text file has Carriage return and Linefeed.
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<P> -Cheers,<BR>
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Steve Wolfe
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="word"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">WORD to Postscript
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</FONT> </H3>
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Thu, 01 Jul 1999 14:14:54 -0400
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<BR>From: Reno Derosier <<A HREF="mailto:renod@capecod.net">renod@capecod.net></A>
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<P> In regards to the .prn file you might try downloading Adobe's Postscript
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drivers for windows at
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<A HREF=http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/printerdrivers/main.html>
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www.adobe.com/prodindex/printerdrivers/main.html</A>.
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<P> Reno Derosier
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--================================================================-->
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<a name="g++"></a>
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<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
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ANSWER: <FONT COLOR="navy">g++ and including files that use templates
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</FONT> </H3>
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Wed, 4 Aug 1999 00:13:59 -0700 (MST)
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<BR>From: Rachael A. Ludwick <<A HREF="mailto:raludwic@U.Arizona.EDU">raludwic@U.Arizona.EDU></A>
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jac <<A HREF=mailto:jac@speedcom.es>jac@speedcom.es</A>> writes:
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Hello, my question is about the g++ compiler.I want to know if is able
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to link files that use templates and then aren't included in the main
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program (they are in different files, and only the header files are in
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the main program). I have try as:
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<PRE>
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gcc main.cxx libro.cxx
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* main: #incude "libro.h"...
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* libro.cxx: #include "libro.h"...
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</PRE>
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But the compiler of Red Hat 6.0 gives me an error. Could you help me?
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Thanks.
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<P> Juan J.Alejandro (jac@speedcom.es) Girona (Spain)
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<P> I'm not sure if this will help, but here goes...
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<P> An annoying thing about C++ is that templated classes require that both
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the declaration and the implementation be in the same file. Instead of
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actually putting both in one file, often the header file will have the
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line:
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<PRE>
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#include "class.cc" // or whatever the implementaion file is called
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</PRE>
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near the end of the file (after the declaration of the class). In this
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case though, the implementation usually goes in a file called
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"class.template" and #include "class.template" will be put in "class.h"
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somewhere near the end of the file (after the complete declaration of the
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file).
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<P> Also, don't forget to guard your class from multiple include-ing by
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putting something like this as the first two lines:
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<PRE>
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#ifndef MYCLASS_H
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#define MYCLASS_H
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</PRE>
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and something like this as the last line:
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<PRE>
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#endif // MYCLASS_H
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</PRE>
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<P> Anyway, if you have the implementation and declaration in separate files,
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and you don't have this yet, than this may be your problem. Assuming this
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will fix your problem and you have a "main.cc" and templated "class.h" and
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"class.cc", you should be able to compile with:
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<PRE>
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g++ -I. main.cc
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</PRE>
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<P> (of course assuming main.cc has #include "class.h").
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<P> Tell me if this helps...
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<P> Rachael Ludwick
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<P> --<BR>
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raludwic@u.arizona.edu<BR>
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http://www.u.arizona.edu/~raludwic<BR>
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<P> "Go Ye Lemmings into the World and Propagate!"<BR>
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<!-- END tips.answers -->
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<!--===================================================================-->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H5 ALIGN=center>
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This page written and maintained by the Editor of <I>Linux Gazette</I>,
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<A HREF=mailto:gazette@ssc.com>gazette@ssc.com</A><BR>
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Copyright © 1999, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc. <BR>
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Published in Issue 45 of <i>Linux Gazette</i>, September 1999</H5>
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<!--===================================================================-->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<center><H5>Copyright © 1999, AuthorName <BR>
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Published in Issue 45 of <i>Linux Gazette</i>, September 1999</H5></center>
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