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<TITLE>The Answer Guy 42: New Kernel Loses Ether Driver; Dial on Demand and Masquerading</TITLE>
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<H4>"The Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"</H4>
<P> <hr> <P>
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<center>
<H1><A NAME="answer">
<img src="../../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif" alt="(?)"
border="0" align="middle">
<font color="#B03060">The Answer Guy</font>
<img src="../../gx/dennis/bbubble.gif" alt="(!)"
border="0" align="middle">
</A></H1>
<BR>
<H4>By James T. Dennis,
<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a><BR>
LinuxCare,
<A HREF="http://www.linuxcare.com/">http://www.linuxcare.com/</A>
</H4>
</center>
<p><hr><p>
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<H3 align="left"><img src="../../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif"
height="50" width="60" alt="(?) " border="0"
>New Kernel Loses Ether Driver; Dial on Demand and Masquerading</H3>
<H4 ALIGN="center">
A grabbag of user questions.</H4>
<p><strong>From Adams, James on Sun, 02 May 1999
</strong></p>
<!-- ::
New Kernel Loses Ether Driver; Dial on Demand and Masquerading
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A grabbag of user questions.
:: -->
<P><STRONG><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" ALT="(?)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>
Answer Guy,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I know you are extrmely busy and such, I hope you can point me in
the right direction. I am trying to find the tell all instructions
for recompiling a new kernel for RH5.2 (Mandrake 5.3). I have
tried repeatedly to do this but still no luck.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
The main problem I run into is that my ethernet no longer works
after booting into the "new" setup. Something about SCIOFLAGS (I
think), and the network is not working.
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>
That means that you haven't successfully included the driver
for your ethernet adapter. You have to know what sort of
driver it takes. I realize that this is the problem. There
is no easy way to tell this from a running kernel --- none
the entries under <TT>/proc</TT> seem to say which ether driver is
active. You might find your ethernet card mentioned in
<TT>/proc/pci</TT> (a list of PCI devices recognized by your kernel).
Otherwise just open the case and look at the actual card
hardware.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
One trick I've occasionally used during installfests is an
ugly hack. I cd to <TT>/lib/modules/preferred/net</TT> (or
thereabouts) and do something like:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BlockQuote><Code>
for i in ./*; do insmod $i &amp;&amp; echo $i; done
</Code></BlockQuote></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
... which tries to load EVERY available module in that
directory. This could hang the system, but usually it just
spits out the name(s) of any modules that successfully
detect a card that they can drive.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" ALT="(?)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>
If you could point me in the right direction I would forever be in
your debt (sort of). I also want to be able to have dial on
demand, I have a small home network and want to use it with
ipfwadm.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Thanks
<br>in Advance
<br>Jim Adams
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><IMG SRC="../../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
>
There is a program called '<tt>diald</tt>' which used to be the main
"dial on demand" daemon (driver). However, I've read that
the latest versions of PPP have some built in "on demand"
features.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I must admit that I haven't been using modem PPP for the
last several months. I'm spoiled rotten by my DSL line
(which as only been down once since I got it). I'd only
been using POTS PPP occasionally in the last couple of years
since I was using ISDN (with its own dial-on-demand in my
Trancell/WebRamp ISDN router) --- so I was only using
diald/pppd when that was being flaky.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
However, I've been meaning to play with the new pppd options
at some point. So I'll look into it.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I presume that you mean that you want to use your PPP link
through IP masquerading (when you say "with ipfwadm").
There are numerous HOWTOs and numerous back issues of my
column where I've discussed masquerading. The short form is
to use the following commands on your router (the Linux box
with the ethernet the PPP links on it):
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BlockQuote><code>
echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
</code></BlockQuote></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
(to enable routing)
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
and:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BlockQuote><pre>
ipfwadm -F -a acc -m -D 0.0.0.0/0 -S 192.168.0.0/16
ipfwadm -F -a acc -m -D 0.0.0.0/0 -S 10.0.0.0/8
ipfwadm -F -a acc -m -D 0.0.0.0/0 -S 172.16.0.0/12
</pre></BlockQuote></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
(you only need one of these, but all of them won't hurt).
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
This last set of commands adds a set of rules to the Linux
packet filtering tables to masquerade any source addresses
in the 192.168.*.*, the 10.*.*.* and the 172.16.*.* through
172.31.*.* ranges. Those are all of the addressed reserved
in RFC 1918 for "private" use.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
As I've discussed before you should also put in some packet
filtering and anti-spoofing rules to protect your home
network from outside attack. Crackers and script-kiddies
are not a myth --- I see probes on my network all the time
and I've just recently let one of my system get cracked into
(I was being sloppy with that one --- it's part of why my
mail was down for a couple of weeks; though only a small
part).
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- sig -->
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<P> <hr> <P>
<H5 align="center"><a href="http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html"
>Copyright &copy;</a> 1999, James T. Dennis
<BR>Published in <I>The Linux Gazette</I> Issue 42 June 1999</H5>
<H6 ALIGN="center">HTML transformation by
<A HREF="mailto:star@starshine.org">Heather Stern</a> of
Starshine Techinical Services,
<A HREF="http://www.starshine.org/">http://www.starshine.org/</A>
</H6>
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