283 lines
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283 lines
11 KiB
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<TITLE>The Answer Guy 32:
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How to read DVI files?
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How to read DVI files?
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<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#A000A0"
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ALINK="#FF0000">
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<H4>"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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</H4>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H1 align="center"><A NAME="answer">
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<img src="../gx/dennis/qbubble.gif" alt="" border="0" align="middle">
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<a href="./index.html">The Answer Guy</a>
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</A></H1>
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<BR>
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<H4 align="center">By James T. Dennis,
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<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>
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<BR>Starshine Technical Services, <A HREF="http://www.starshine.org/">http://www.starshine.org/</A>
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</H4>
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<p><hr><p>
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<H3><img src="../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" alt="(?)"
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width="50" height="28" align="left" border="0"
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>How to read DVI files? </H3>
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<p><strong>From Gregory F.I. Sewbalak on 20 Aug 1998 </strong></p>
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<!-- begin body -->
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<strong><p>Dear Answer Guy,
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</p></strong>
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<strong><p>A few weeks ago I've purchased the S.u.S.e. 5.2.
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</p></strong>
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<strong><p>With this 6 CD-Box there was no user manual available, therefore I
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tried to read the "books.dvi" on the CD. However, I don't seem to
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succeed in opening this file, because I don't know which program I
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need to do so! So, with which program can I read the dvi-files and
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the psz-files?
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</p></strong>
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<strong><p>Reminder: I used to be a Microsoft fan, but since I've tried
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<a href="http://www.redhat.com/">RedHat</a>
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5.0 I've completely switched to Linux! How about that?!!
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</p></strong>
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<strong><p>Yours Sincerely,
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<br>Gregory F.I. Sewbalak
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</p></strong>
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<blockquote><img src="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" height="28" width="50"
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alt="(!)" border="0"
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>.dvi files are created by the TeX and LaTeX typesetting
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(desktop publishing) packages. These are in a "device
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independent" format --- and are normally processed further
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by printer drive like '<tt>dvips</tt>' or '<tt>dvilj</tt>' (for PostScript
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and LaserJet printers respectively).
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>If you have the X Window System up and running you can use
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'<tt>xdvi</tt>' to "<tt>preview</tt>" these (view them on screen). You could
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also use '<tt>dvips</tt>' to generate a Postscript file and use '<tt>ghostview</tt>'
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or '<tt>gv</tt>' (both are PostScript viewers for X) to view them.
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>When you have questions of this sort it's often helpful to
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use the '<tt>apropos</tt>' or '<tt>man -k</tt>' command to get a list of commands
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and man pages that may related to some key word. Thus, on my
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<A HREF="http://www.suse.com/">S.u.S.E.</A> 5.1 system typing the command:
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<tt>man -k dvi</tt> gives me:
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</blockquote>
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<pre>dvi2tty (1) - preview a TeX DVI-file on an ordinary ascii terminal
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dvibook (1) - rearrange pages in DVI file into signatures
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dviconcat (1) - concatenate DVI files
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dvilj (1) - convert dvi files to PCL, for HP LaserJet printers
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dvips (1) - convert a TeX DVI file to PostScript
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dvired (1) - print dvi-files
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dviselect (1) - extract pages from DVI files
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dvitodvi (1) - rearrange pages in a DVI file
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dvitype (1) - translate a dvi file for humans
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grodvi (1) - convert groff output to TeX dvi format
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xdvi (1) - DVI Previewer for the X Window System
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</pre>
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<blockquote>... and reading those would give me some cross references.
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>Allegedly there are also SVGAlib dvi and PostScript viewers
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--- though I've never used one. One of these day I'll hunt
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one down and play with it. Although my wife doesn't mind
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running X on the old 386 --- it seems too slow to me (I finally
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changed to this 150Mhz Pentium system that I built because
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I've been using <tt>xdvi</tt> and <tt>Gnus</tt> so much)..
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote><em>[In fact, I'm using it right now, very effectively. But I'm
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cheating... I'm really using the networking power of X. Betel, our
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VarStation II, is running Netscape and two sterms for me, and Antares
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is just serving display, keyboard and pointer functions to my desktop.
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<br>-- Heather]</em></blockquote>
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<blockquote>The TeX typesetting language, and the LaTeX set of macros
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for it, are very popular among academic and technical
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publishers. The system was orginally created by Donald
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Knuth --- the most respected professor in the field of
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programming. He designed it and the the WEB "Literate
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Programming" system while he was writing the first editions
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of his "<em>Art of Computer Programming</em>" series (between the
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2nd and 3rd volumes, if I recall correctly).
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>TeX is not just a typesetting language like troff --- it
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is an extensible programming language for creating typesetting
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commands. Leslie Lamport used this facet of the system to
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create a set of macros, LaTeX, to allow people to focus on
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a document's structure and let his macros and the TeX system
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do almost all of the page layout.
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>Thus a bit of plain text like the following:
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</blockquote>
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<pre>% Template for a LaTeX Letter
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\documentclass{letter}
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\name{Jim Dennis}
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\address{903 Harriet Ave.\ \\Campbell, CA 95008-5119}
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\makelabels
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\begin{document}
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%% for each letter do:
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\begin{letter} {%
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\\ % full name and title
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\\ % address
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} % city, state, zip-code
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\vfill
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\opening{Dear %
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% greeting name
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,}
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\vfill
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\closing{Sincerely,}
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\vspace{
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\signature{Jim Dennis,}
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\vfill
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\end{letter}
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%% end letter (Repeat as necessary)
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\end{document}
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</pre>
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<blockquote>... is all you need to create nicely typeset letters.
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Basically you just fill in the blanks, run a command like:
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote><blockquote><code>latex myletter.tex
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</code></blockquote></blockquote>
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<blockquote>.. and (if all goes well) send the <tt>.dvi</tt> file to the printer
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(or run it through the '<tt>dvips</tt>' command and then to the printer).
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>If you've been hearing about XML (the next generation
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"extensible" enhancements to HTML) then this should give you
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an idea of what they're doing. LaTeX and TeX are extensible
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--- and there are packages to do all kinds of interesting
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and specialized typesetting and layout with them (things
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like "chess" and "backgammon" diagramming and all sorts of
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scientific and technical diagrams, tables and bibliographies).
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>(Frankly XML sounds like a bit of a mess --- something like
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the old LU6.2 and APPC morass that my mainframer friends used
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to describe).
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>The problem for many people is that this mode of thinking
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and working is totally alien. They're used to WYSIWIG
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interfaces and manual/visual layout (make it "look right"
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rather than "make it clear what you mean").
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>There are some efforts to provide a friendlier interface
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to LaTeX --- the most notable is "LyX" (pronounced "licks")
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and the <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> variant called <tt>KLyX</tt>).
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You can read more about
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LyX at its own web site: <A HREF="http://www.lyx.org">http://www.lyx.org</A>
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>Anyway, I hope that helps.
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</blockquote>
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<!-- end body -->
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<P> <hr width="40%" align="center"> <P>
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<!-- ............................. -->
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<H3><img src="../gx/dennis/qbub.gif" alt="(?)"
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width="50" height="28" align="left" border="0"
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>How to read DVI files?</H3>
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<p><strong>From Gregory F.I. Sewbalak on 22 Aug 1998</strong></p>
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<!-- begin body -->
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<p><strong>Thanks for the explanation!
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</strong></p>
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<!-- end body -->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H5 align="center"><a href="http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html"
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>Copyright ©</a> 1998, James T. Dennis <BR>
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Published in <I>Linux Gazette</I> Issue 32 September 1998</H5>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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