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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<title>Caldera OpenLinux Issue 19</title>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY BGCOLOR="#EEE1CC" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#0020F0"
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ALINK="#FF0000">
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<H4>
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"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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</H4>
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<P> <HR> <P>
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<!--===================================================================-->
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<P>SSC is expanding Matt Welsh's <I>Linux Installation & Getting
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Started</I> by adding chapters about each of the major distributions. Each
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chapter is being written by a different author in the Linux community.
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Here's a sneak preview--the Caldera chapter by Evan Leibovitch.--editor
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<P><HR><P>
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<center>
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<H2>Caldera OpenLinux </H2>
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<H4>By Evan Leibovitch,
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<a href="mailto:evan@teely.on.ca">evan@teely.on.ca</a></H4>
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</center>
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<P><HR>
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<p>This section deals with issues specific to the Caldera releases of
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Linux, how to install the current release (Caldera OpenLinux) and
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prepare for the steps outlined in the following chapters. It is
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intended to be a complement to, not a replacement for, the "Getting
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Started Guides" Caldera ships with all of its Linux-based
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products. References to the Getting Started Guide for Caldera Open
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Linux Base will be indicated throughout this chapter simply as "the
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Guide".
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<h3>What is Caldera?</h3>
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<p>The beginnings of Caldera the company come from an internal Novell
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project called "Corsair". While Novell had owned Unix System V in
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the early 1990s, Corsair was formed to see if there were things Novell
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could learn from Linux.
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<p>Corsair was a casualty of the changing of the guard at Novell that
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also caused it to sell off Unix to SCO and WordPerfect to
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Corel. Novell founder Ray Noorda gave startup capital to this group
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with the intention of making Linux available in a manner that would be
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as acceptable to business users and corporate MIS as commercial
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versions of Unix. Caldera is a privately-held company based in Orem,
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Utah.
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<p>The implementation of this goal has resulted in a series of
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Linux-based products that "broken the mold" in a number of
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ways. Caldera was the first Linux distribution to bundle-in commercial
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software such as premium X servers, GUI desktops, backup software and
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web browsers; at the time of writing, Caldera is the only Linux
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distribution officially supported by Netscape.
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<h3>The Caldera Network Desktop</h3>
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<p>Caldera's first product, the Caldera Network Desktop (CND), was
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released to the public in early 1995 in a $29 "preview" form (a
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rather unusual manner to run a beta test), and in final release
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version in early 1996. The CND was based on the 1.2.13 Linux kernel,
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and included Netscape Navigator, Accelerated-X, CrispLite, and the
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Looking Glass GUI desktop. It also was the first Linux release to
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offer NetWare client capabilities, being able to share servers and
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printers on existing Novell networks. Production and sale of CND
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ceased in March 1997.
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<h3>Caldera OpenLinux</h3>
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<p>In late 1996, Caldera announced its releases based on the Linux 2.0.25
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kernel would be named Caldera Open Linux (COL) and would be made
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available at three levels;
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<ul>
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<li>COL Base, which includes Navigator, CrispLite, and the Metro-X server;
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<li>COL Standard, which would add the Netscape FastTrack secure web
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server, the StarOffice desktop productivity suite, and NetWare
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connectivity;
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<li>COL Deluxe, which incorporates all the features of Standard and
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also offers NetWare--server--capabilities.
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</ul>
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<p>As this is written, only the COL Base release is shipping,
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and feature sets of the other packages are still being determined.
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For specific and up-to-date lists of the comparative features of the
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three levels, check the Caldera web site <a href="http://www.caldera.com">http://www.caldera.com</a>.
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<p>Because all three levels of COL build on the Base release, all three
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are installed the same way. The only difference is in the different
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auxiliary packages available; their installation and configuration
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issues are beyond the scope of this guide. Most of COL's add-on
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packages contain their own documentation; check the /doc directory of
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the Caldera CD-ROM for more details.
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<h3>Obtaining Caldera</h3>
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<p>Unlike most other Linux distributions, COL is not available for
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downloading from the Internet, nor can it be distributed freely or
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passed around. This is because of the commercial packages which are
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part of COL; while most of the components of COL are under the GNU
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Public License, the commercial components, such as Looking Glass and
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Metro-X, are not. In the list of packages included on the COL media
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starting on page 196 of the Guide, the commercial packages are noted
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by an asterisk.
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<p>COL is available directly from Caldera, or through a network of
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Partners around the world who have committed to supporting Caldera
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products. These Partners can usually provide professional assistance,
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configuration and training for Caldera users. For a current list of
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Partners, check the Caldera web site.
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<h3>Preparing to Install Caldera Open Linux</h3>
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<p>Caldera support the same hardware as any other release based on Linux
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2.0 kernels. Appendix A of the Guide (p145) lists most of the SCSI
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hosts supported and configuration parameters necessary for many
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hardware combinations.
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<p>Taking a page out of the Novell manual style, Caldera's Guide provides
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an installation worksheet (page 2) that assists you in having at hand
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all the details of your system that you'll need for installation. It
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is highly recommended you complete this before starting installation;
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while some parameters, such as setting up your network, are not
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required for installation, doing it all at one time is usually far
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easier than having to come back to it. Sometimes this can't be
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avoided, but do as much at installation time as possible.
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<h3>Creating boot/modules floppies</h3>
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<p>The COL distribution does not come with the floppy disks required for
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installation. There are two floppies involved; one is used for
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booting, the other is a "modules" disk which contains many hardware
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drivers.
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<p>While the Guide recommends you create the floppies by copying them
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from the CD-ROM, it is better to get newer versions of the disks from
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the Caldera web site. The floppy images on some CD-ROMs have errors
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that cause problems, especially with installations using SCSI disks
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and large partitions.
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<p>To get newer versions of the floppy images, download them from
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Caldera's FTP site. In directory {\tt pub/col-1.0/updates/Helsinki}, you'll
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find a bunch of numbered directories. Check out the directories in
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descending order---that will make sure you get the latest versions.
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<p>If you find one of these directories has a subdirectory called
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<pre>bootdisk</pre>, the contents of that directory
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are what you want.
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<p>You should find two files:
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<pre>install-2.0.25-XXX.img
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modules-2.0.25-XXX.img</pre>
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<p>The <pre>XXX</pre> is replaced by the version number of the disk images.
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At the time of writing, the current images are 034 and located in the
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001 directory.
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<p>Once you have these images, transfer them onto two floppies using the
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methods described on page 4 of the Guide, using RAWRITE from the
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Caldera CD-ROM if copying from a DOS/Windows system or
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<pre>dd</pre> from a Linux system.
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<p>While Caldera's CD-ROM is bootable (if your system's BIOS allows it),
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if possible use the downloaded floppies anyway, since they are newer
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and will contain bug-fixes that won't be in the CD versions.
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<h3>Preparing the hard disks</h3>
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<p>This procedure is no different from that of other Linux distributions.
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You must use fdisk on your booted hard disk to allocate at least two
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Linux partitions, one for the swap area and one for the root
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file system. If you are planning to make your system dual-boot COL
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with another operating system such as MS Windows or DOS or even OS/2,
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it's usually preferable to install COL last; its "fdisk" recognizes
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"foreign" OS types better than the disk partitioning tools of most
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other operating systems.
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<p>To run the Linux fdisk, you'll need to start your system using the
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boot (and maybe the modules) floppy mentioned above. That's because
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you need to tell COL what kind of disk and disk controller you have;
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you can't even get as far as entering <pre>fdisk</pre> if Linux doesn't
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recognize your hard disk!
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<p>To do this, follow the bootup instructions in the Guide, from step 2
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on page 33 to the end of page 36. Don't bother going through the
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installation or detection of CDROMs or network cards at this time; all
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that matters at this point is Linux sees the booting hard disk so you
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can partition it using fdisk. A brief description of the use of the
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Linux fdisk is provided on page 28 of the Guide.
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<p>Remember that when running fdisk, you need to set up both your root
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file system (type 83) and your swap space (type 82) as new partitions.
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A brief discussion of how much swap space to allocate is offered on
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page 10 of the Guide.
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<p>As soon as you have completed this and written the partition table
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information to make it permanent, you will need to reboot.
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<!--===================================================================-->
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<center><H5>Copyright © 1997, Evan Leibovitch<BR>
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Published in Issue 19 of the Linux Gazette, July 1997</H5></center>
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