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<title>Clueless at the Prompt Issue 17</title>
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<H4>
&quot;Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>&quot;
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<H2>CLUELESS at the Prompt: A Column for New Users</H2>
<H4>By Mike List,
<a href="mailto:troll@net-link.net">troll@net-link.net</a>
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<h4>Welcome to installment 4 of Clueless at the Prompt:
a new column for new users.</h4>
<hr>
<p><h4> Connecting to a Second ISP...or Third, or</h4>
I recently got e-mail from a guy who wanted to know how to connect to a
second ISP.His e-mail address apparently wasn't valid, and it got bounced
back several times. Just as well, since I didn't have the answer at that
point. Well, I got this idea, and I tried it and it works.Here's the deal:
First,
<pre> cp /usr/sbin/ppp-on to /usr/sbin/ppp-on.anysuffix
</pre><p>
Then open the file you just created with a text editor, and change any
information that applies to the secondary ISP, eg. dialup, the IP number
of the ISP, username and password. write the file(save it) and try your
new executable, ppp-on.anysuffix. Just a quick pointer, you could call
your new script any name you want as long as there's no other file with
the same name in your path,preferably no other file with the same name at
all
<hr>
<h4> Dealing With a Dynamic IP</h4>
<p>
These days most Internet Service Providers assign you a Dynamic IP when
you logon to their network, due to the cost of assigning every customer
a static IP. At present there are only so many IP addresses available
and, apparently each one costs to register. Consequently ISPs buy a pool
of IP addresses within a range and assign an available one at login. For
most uses, such an arrangement is no problem, assuming that most
internet usage consists of interaction between the ISP's computer and
the local one. For some purposes, however such as allowing telnet or ftp
to your computer the dynamic scheme is less than ideal. Here's
a relatively painless way to get your current IP, so you can run with
the big dogs. Open an xterm, or rxvt and type:
<pre> ifconfig</pre><p>
which will bring up some info in two blocks. You'll want to note the
bottom block, which will have a line that specifies your inet address
expressed numerically. It will be in a xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx format, which
corresponds to the standard IP address, in fact that's what it is.
you ca write this number down or just highlight this IP address(to paste
it)and type:
<pre>nslookup the.num.ber.</pre><p>
the number being your inet address from the last step.
It may take a couple of minutes, but you will get a two line messagethat
looks like:<pre>Name: your Fully Qualified Domain Name
Address: IPa.ddr.ess.!!! </pre><p>
we may talk about FQDN some more another time, but for the purpose at
hand, just type:
<pre>hostname Name</pre><p>
where Name is the first line from the above step. That's it, except that
you must repeat this procedure every time you connect to your ISP. You
might be able to write a script to automate this procedure, but in the
meantime which as my friend Al used to say "is a groovy time", you can
use this knowledge to run remote X apps(just a minute,I'm coming to that)
allow your friends or inet associates to telnet to your computer, or ftp
files from a telnetted site(this too, momentarily).What you need to know
is that the next time youreboot, you may get a message saying that your
computer name is "bad". This isn't a comment on your lack of originality
or taste, and you should basically ignore it.
<hr>
<h4>Using your Domain Name</h4>
If you have a shell account at a computer located at a university or
school near you, this will amaze you. Oh yeah not, by way of a plug, but
there is a semi commercial telnet box called linuxware.com(you will have
to look up the URL yourself semi- plug, you might say, I'm a subscriber)
What am I talking about? Using X to run apps from the remote computer on
your screen. You can actually run a program that isn't installed on your
computer, in X with the remote computer supplying the program. I think
it embodies the essence of networking, with permissions set right, you
can co-author a document, play a multi-user game (MUD)use a
talkprogram, like ytalk, or do office or school work from your home
computer.Here's what you need to do. First, you need to know and have
your FQDN listed by typing:
<pre>hostname</pre><p>
as detailed above. If you have a static IP address, you can skip this
step.What needs to be done next is to type:
<pre>xhost + the.telnet.box</pre><p>
When you hit enter you will see a message like, "the.telnet.box has been
added to the control list". You will probably have to restart your window
manager, your mileage may, as they say, vary. Now when you start a
telnet session, you can enter the name of an X application and in a
moment, the application window will apear on your screen, even if you
don't have it installed on your computer. Do your work, play your game,
and marvel at the ramifications of this capability.
<p> You can also invite friends and coworkers over to your computer to
do some work, socialize or learn something, in the following manner.
Obtain your FQDN, or IP address, as detailed above. E-mail it to them or
call them on the phone to let them know where you are today(Not where
you want to go today, that's another "OS"). they can then:
<pre> telnet FQDN or ftp IPa.ddr.ess.!!!</pre><p>
and all of a sudden they're in your den, or office or wherever you keep
your computer. For more sophisticated methods of getting your address,
read the "Dynamic IP hacks-HOWTO.
<h4>Just a Reminder: Read the whole Linux Gazette</h4>
<p>This esteemed tabloid is just full of novice- to intermediate level
tips and tricks.The Answer Guy, Two Cent Tips, and The Weekend Mechanic
in particular, are good sources of the kinds of things that will make you
a demi-guru in no time at all.
<hr>
<h4>Formatting Floppy Disks in Linux</h4>
<p>In DOS and Windows,formatting a floppy disk is a one shot affair
which formats, erases data, and creates a file system on the floppy.
In linux however, you have to format and create the filesystem in
separate steps. At first glance, this seems backward, after all, isn't
linux a more sophisticated OS? Why do things in two steps that the others
do in one? The reason is that linux can read several filesystems so that
data can be moved from one OS to the other. By mounting the floppy drive
as MSDOS, VFAT, or other filesystem type the data can be read from the
mount point in a manner that linux can make use of.
<hr>
<h4>Other Stuff I've Collected/Found out Since Last Time</h4>
<p>have trouble with the
<pre> find </pre><p>command?Try leaving your computer on overnight, and
the next day use the <pre>locate /filename |less</pre><p>command instead.
Locate is a database that is gathered during idle times on your computer
Actually locate reads a database that is updated by a command in your
system files, but if you give it time to breathe, usually overnight, it
can locate any file on your hard drive(s). You can also try
<pre> whereis filename </pre><p>
and you will get a location for the named file.
<hr>
Next Time- Let me know what you would like to see in here and I'll
try to
oblige just e-mail <a href="mailto:troll@net-link.net">troll@net-link.net</a>
me and ask, otherwise I'll just write about what gave me trouble and
how I got past it.</p>
<p> TTYL, Mike List </p>
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<P> <hr> <P>
<center><H4>Previous "Clueless at the Prompt" Columns</H4></center>
<P>
<A HREF="../issue14/clueless.html">Clueless at the Prompt #1 - February 1997</A><br>
<A HREF="../issue15/clueless.html">Clueless at the Prompt #2 - March 1997</A><br>
<A HREF="../issue16/clueless.html">Clueless at the Prompt #3 - April 1997</A>
<P> <hr> <P>
<center><H5>Copyright &copy; 1997, Mike List <BR>
Published in Issue 17 of the Linux Gazette, May 1997</H5></center>
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