602 lines
8.1 KiB
HTML
602 lines
8.1 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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>Conventions used in this guide</TITLE
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>GNU/Linux Command-Line Tools Summary</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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><A
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HREF="x335.htm"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 1. Introduction</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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>Next</A
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><HR
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><H1
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><A
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NAME="CONVENTIONS"
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></A
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>Conventions used in this guide</H1
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><P
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>The following conventions <A
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NAME="AEN395"
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></A
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>are used within this guide:</P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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><DL
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><DT
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>italic</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN402"
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></A
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>Anything appearing in italic, <SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>like this </I
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></SPAN
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>is either an executable <A
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NAME="AEN405"
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></A
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>command or emphasized <A
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NAME="AEN407"
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></A
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>text. Tools (executable commands) are in italics <A
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NAME="AEN409"
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></A
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>to prevent confusion. Some tools have names which are real english <A
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NAME="AEN411"
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></A
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>words, such as the “locate” tool.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>key combinations</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN417"
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></A
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>Are represented by using a '-' (dash sign)<A
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NAME="AEN419"
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></A
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> in-between the key(s), which must be used in combination.<A
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NAME="AEN421"
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></A
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> All combinations <A
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NAME="AEN423"
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></A
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>are also printed <A
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NAME="AEN425"
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></A
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>in italics <A
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NAME="AEN427"
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></A
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>to improve clarity.<A
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NAME="AEN429"
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></A
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> For example
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<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>CTRL</B
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>-<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>Z</B
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>
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<A
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NAME="AEN434"
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></A
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>
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means hold down the<SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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> Control key<A
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NAME="AEN437"
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></A
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></I
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></SPAN
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> and press the <SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>z</I
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></SPAN
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> <SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>key.</I
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></SPAN
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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>admonitions</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN445"
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></A
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>Admonitions are little pictures <A
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NAME="AEN447"
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></A
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>used to emphasize <A
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NAME="AEN449"
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></A
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>something of importance <A
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NAME="AEN451"
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></A
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>to the reader.<A
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NAME="AEN453"
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></A
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> </P
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><P
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>The five types used are:</P
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><DIV
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CLASS="NOTE"
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><BLOCKQUOTE
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CLASS="NOTE"
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><P
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><B
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>This is a note: </B
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>
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Notes often give important information about a tool.</P
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></BLOCKQUOTE
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="TIP"
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><BLOCKQUOTE
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CLASS="TIP"
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><P
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><B
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>This is a tip: </B
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>
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This will offer a useful switch or useful way to use a tool.</P
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></BLOCKQUOTE
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="IMPORTANT"
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><BLOCKQUOTE
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CLASS="IMPORTANT"
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><P
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><B
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>This is something important: </B
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>This is something that is considered very important. Consider it like a note with extra importance, they are usually there to save the reader time.</P
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></BLOCKQUOTE
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="CAUTION"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="CAUTION"
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BORDER="1"
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WIDTH="90%"
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><TR
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><TD
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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><B
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>This is a caution</B
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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><P
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>
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This will inform you of something that you be careful about (because it could be harmful to your system).</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="WARNING"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="WARNING"
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BORDER="1"
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WIDTH="90%"
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><TR
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><TD
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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><B
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>This is a warning</B
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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><P
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>
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This will inform you of something that you shouldn't do (because it probably will break something within your system).</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></DD
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><DT
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>code examples</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Code <A
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NAME="AEN475"
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></A
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>examples <A
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NAME="AEN477"
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></A
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>are shown for most commands. </P
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><P
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>Below is an example of what code <A
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NAME="AEN480"
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></A
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>looks like:</P
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>Hello World, I'm a code example. :)</PRE
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></DD
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><DT
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>command syntax</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN487"
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></A
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>(or a similar phrase) simply shows how you would normally use the command. Often real examples <A
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NAME="AEN489"
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></A
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>are used instead of explaining <A
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NAME="AEN491"
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></A
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>the command syntax. </P
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><P
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>The phrase “ Command syntax” is always followed by the way you would type a command in a shell.<A
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NAME="AEN494"
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></A
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></P
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><P
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>The standard <A
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NAME="AEN497"
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></A
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>syntax <A
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NAME="AEN499"
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></A
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>for any tool is usually:</P
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>command -options file</PRE
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><DIV
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CLASS="NOTE"
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><BLOCKQUOTE
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CLASS="NOTE"
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><P
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><B
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>Note: </B
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>Note that some tools do not accept options.</P
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></BLOCKQUOTE
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></DIV
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></DD
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><DT
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>wildcards</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN509"
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></A
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>Also note that most commands, even when not explicitly <A
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NAME="AEN511"
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></A
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>stated, will work with standard wildcards <A
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NAME="AEN513"
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></A
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> (or globbing patterns<A
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NAME="AEN515"
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></A
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>) such as *, [A-Z] and various other standard wildcards. Refer <A
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NAME="AEN517"
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></A
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>to <A
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HREF="x11655.htm#STANDARD-WILDCARDS"
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>the Section called <I
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>Standard Wildcards (globbing patterns)</I
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> in Chapter 20</A
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> for further information.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>access keys</DT
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><DD
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><P
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><A
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NAME="AEN524"
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></A
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>Access keys enable <A
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NAME="AEN526"
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></A
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>navigation through the document, without relying on a mouse.<A
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NAME="AEN528"
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></A
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> The following keys have been given special <A
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NAME="AEN530"
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></A
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>meaning in this document:</P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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><DL
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><DT
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>P</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Previous <A
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NAME="AEN537"
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></A
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>page.<A
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NAME="AEN539"
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></A
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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>N</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Next <A
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NAME="AEN545"
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></A
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>page.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>H</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Home <A
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NAME="AEN551"
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></A
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>of the document (Table of Contents).<A
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NAME="AEN553"
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></A
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></P
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></DD
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><DT
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>U</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Up<A
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NAME="AEN559"
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></A
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> (takes you one level <A
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NAME="AEN561"
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></A
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>up the section <A
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NAME="AEN563"
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></A
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>hierarchy).</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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><P
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>If you also happen to be reading <A
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NAME="AEN566"
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></A
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>the document from its original <A
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NAME="AEN568"
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></A
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>location, then the following access keys can also be used:</P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
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><DL
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><DT
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>S</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>Start <A
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NAME="AEN575"
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></A
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>(takes you to the author's start page).</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>T</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>The current <A
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NAME="AEN581"
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></A
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>(“This”) page, without the Sitemenu <A
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NAME="AEN583"
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></A
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>on the left.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>M</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>The current page in a frameset,<A
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NAME="AEN589"
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></A
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> where the left frame <A
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NAME="AEN591"
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></A
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>contains a Menu.<A
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NAME="AEN593"
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></A
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></P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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><P
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>To use the access keys, you have to simultaneously press a modifier key, which may vary from browser to browser. For example in NN6+/Mozilla, the modifier key is <B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>ALT</B
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>, so you have to use
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<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>ALT</B
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>-<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>N</B
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>
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to go to the next page, and
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<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>ALT</B
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>-<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>P</B
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>
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to come back. In other browsers such as IE6, the access keys just give focus to the associated link, so the sequence becomes
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<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>ALT</B
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>-<B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>N</B
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> <B
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CLASS="KEYCAP"
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>Enter</B
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>
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. Try it, you'll like it! <SPAN
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CLASS="INLINEMEDIAOBJECT"
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><DIV
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CLASS="TEXTOBJECT"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="phrase"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PHRASE"
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>Inline graphic</SPAN
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></SPAN
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></DIV
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></SPAN
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></P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="x335.htm"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="book1.htm"
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="x611.htm"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
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|
>Availability of sources</TD
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><TD
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|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
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><A
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HREF="c107.htm"
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ACCESSKEY="U"
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>Up</A
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></TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Resources used to create this document</TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></BODY
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></HTML
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> |