393 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
393 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
<HTML
|
|
><HEAD
|
|
><TITLE
|
|
>Archiving Files</TITLE
|
|
><META
|
|
NAME="GENERATOR"
|
|
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
|
|
REL="HOME"
|
|
TITLE="GNU/Linux Command-Line Tools Summary"
|
|
HREF="book1.htm"><LINK
|
|
REL="PREVIOUS"
|
|
TITLE="File Permissions"
|
|
HREF="x9543.htm"><LINK
|
|
REL="NEXT"
|
|
TITLE="rsync"
|
|
HREF="x10099.htm"></HEAD
|
|
><BODY
|
|
CLASS="CHAPTER"
|
|
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
|
|
TEXT="#000000"
|
|
LINK="#0000FF"
|
|
VLINK="#840084"
|
|
ALINK="#0000FF"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
|
|
><TABLE
|
|
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TH
|
|
COLSPAN="3"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
>GNU/Linux Command-Line Tools Summary</TH
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="10%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x9543.htm"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="P"
|
|
>Prev</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="80%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="10%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="bottom"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x10099.htm"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="N"
|
|
>Next</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="CHAPTER"
|
|
><H1
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="BACKING-UP-FILES"
|
|
></A
|
|
>Chapter 15. Archiving Files</H1
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="TOC"
|
|
><DL
|
|
><DT
|
|
><B
|
|
>Table of Contents</B
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="c9978.htm#TAR"
|
|
>tar (tape archiver)</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x10099.htm"
|
|
>rsync</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
><DT
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x10181.htm"
|
|
>Compression</A
|
|
></DT
|
|
></DL
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><P
|
|
>The archiving <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9981"
|
|
></A
|
|
>files chapter provides <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9983"
|
|
></A
|
|
>some basic <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9985"
|
|
></A
|
|
>information <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9987"
|
|
></A
|
|
>on the simple programs <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9989"
|
|
></A
|
|
>that you can use to archive <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9991"
|
|
></A
|
|
>files. You will often see these programs <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9993"
|
|
></A
|
|
>used when you try to install <A
|
|
NAME="AEN9995"
|
|
></A
|
|
>programs without using a package management<A
|
|
NAME="AEN9997"
|
|
></A
|
|
> tool.</P
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NOTE"
|
|
><BLOCKQUOTE
|
|
CLASS="NOTE"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>This is not a backup guide: </B
|
|
>Please note that while <SPAN
|
|
CLASS="emphasis"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
|
|
>tar</I
|
|
></SPAN
|
|
> is useful for regular purposes, and possibly combined with bash sciprting or similar it can become useful, it is not a great program for performing real backups of data.</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>You should try searching the internet if you are looking for backup programs on GNU/Linux or try <A
|
|
HREF="http://sourceforge.net"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
>Sourceforge</A
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="AEN10005"
|
|
></A
|
|
> or <A
|
|
HREF="http://freshmeat.net"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
>Freshmeat</A
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="AEN10008"
|
|
></A
|
|
> for programs that you can use. You may also like to see rsync<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10010"
|
|
></A
|
|
>, <A
|
|
HREF="x10099.htm"
|
|
>the Section called <I
|
|
>rsync</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.</P
|
|
></BLOCKQUOTE
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="SECT1"
|
|
><H1
|
|
CLASS="SECT1"
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="TAR"
|
|
></A
|
|
>tar (tape archiver)</H1
|
|
><P
|
|
>Type <SPAN
|
|
CLASS="emphasis"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
|
|
>tar</I
|
|
></SPAN
|
|
> then <SPAN
|
|
CLASS="emphasis"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
|
|
>-option(s)</I
|
|
></SPAN
|
|
></P
|
|
><P
|
|
>Options list:<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10019"
|
|
></A
|
|
></P
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-c<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10024"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- create.</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-v<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10028"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- verbose,<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10030"
|
|
></A
|
|
> give more output,<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10032"
|
|
></A
|
|
> show <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10034"
|
|
></A
|
|
>what files are being worked with (extracted or added).</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-f<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10038"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- file (create or extract <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10040"
|
|
></A
|
|
>from file) - should always be the last option otherwise the command will not work. </P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-z<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10044"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- put the file though gzip <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10046"
|
|
></A
|
|
>or use gunzip <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10048"
|
|
></A
|
|
>on the file first.</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-x<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10052"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- extract the files from the tarball.<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10054"
|
|
></A
|
|
></P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-p<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10058"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- preserves <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10060"
|
|
></A
|
|
>dates,<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10062"
|
|
></A
|
|
> permissions of the original <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10064"
|
|
></A
|
|
>files.</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>-j<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10068"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- send <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10070"
|
|
></A
|
|
>archive through bzip2.<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10072"
|
|
></A
|
|
></P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>--exclude=pattern<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10076"
|
|
></A
|
|
> --- this will stop <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10078"
|
|
></A
|
|
>certain files from being archived <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10080"
|
|
></A
|
|
>(using a standard wild-card<A
|
|
NAME="AEN10082"
|
|
></A
|
|
> pattern) or a single file name.</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
|
|
><DL
|
|
><DT
|
|
>tar examples</DT
|
|
><DD
|
|
><P
|
|
> </P
|
|
><PRE
|
|
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
|
>tar -cvpf name_of_file.tar files_to_be_backed_up</PRE
|
|
><P
|
|
>This would create a tape <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10091"
|
|
></A
|
|
>archive (no compressing).</P
|
|
><PRE
|
|
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
|
>tar -zxvpf my_tar_file.tar.gz</PRE
|
|
><P
|
|
>This would extract files (verbosely) from a gzipped <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10095"
|
|
></A
|
|
>tape <A
|
|
NAME="AEN10097"
|
|
></A
|
|
>archive.</P
|
|
></DD
|
|
></DL
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
|
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x9543.htm"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="P"
|
|
>Prev</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="book1.htm"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="H"
|
|
>Home</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="x10099.htm"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="N"
|
|
>Next</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>File Permissions</TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
> </TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
>rsync</TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></BODY
|
|
></HTML
|
|
> |