200 lines
9.4 KiB
Plaintext
200 lines
9.4 KiB
Plaintext
Linux + Windows 95 mini-HOWTO
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Jonathon Katz
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jkatz@cpio.net
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Joy Yokley - Converted document from HTML to DocBook 4.1 (SGML)
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2001-03-01
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Revision History
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Revision 1.1.1 2001-04-19 Revised by: DCM
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Corrected a typo.
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Revision 1.1 2001-02-28 Revised by: JEY
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Revision 1.0 1998-08-15 Revised by: JK
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Revision 0.9 1996-10-26 Revised by: JK
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Revision 0.8 1996-06-25 Revised by: JK
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This document details how to install Linux on a machine that currently runs
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Windows 95??
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Table of Contents
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1. Introduction
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2. Installation Options
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2.1. I Have This Partition I Want to Spare!
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2.2. What Is This 528M 1024th Cylinder Stuff?
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3. What's Next
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4. Using Your New System
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4.1. Installing on a Drive with FAT32
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5. Linload, What's That?
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6. Installing Windows on Linux
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1. Introduction
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Many people have machines, which (unfortunately) come pre-loaded with Windows
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95??. After exploring the Internet, many users find Linux, and want to run it
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because it is a better operating system at a much better price. There are
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many different issues to address when considering running both operating
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systems. One such issue is the fact that newer computers usually come with
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large EIDE hard drives, and Windows 95?? has extensions on the old FAT
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filesystem. Linux understands these issues and can handle these challenges in
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hardware and software.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. Installation Options
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Linux and Windows 95?? can get along quite well on the same hard disk. You
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can also install Linux onto a separate hard disk on the same machine. If you
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have the money to spare to get a second hard disk, go ahead and do that.
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Although it is safe and reliable to run Windows 95?? and Linux on the same
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hard disk, it is safer to have a second disk. Since I am a poor student (and
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so are most of the people I know), we are stuck with one large disk.
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Your hard disk may look like this:
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+---------------------------------
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C: | 800M.... 4.2 Gig?
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+---------------------------------
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Windows 95??, MS-Office??, Qmodem Pro??, and whatever DOS/Windows software
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you have only take up around 800M + Swap (this is a big, sarcastic
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assumption)! You probably do not want to lose all the software you've spent a
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lot of time configuring and installing, so you don't want to delete this
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partition and start all over again.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.1. I Have This Partition I Want to Spare!
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Don't lose hope. There is a program called FIPS, which can re-partition your
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hard disk without destroying data. HOWEVER, make sure before you use it, that
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you defrag your hard disk (with the optimum defrag method). Use the defrag
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that came with Windows 95??, and use it in the GUI--otherwise you will loose
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your long file names. After you have run defrag, run FIPS and make your disk
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look something like the following:
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+-------------------------------------
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C: | This is your FAT/VFAT/Win95 partition
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800M |
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+------------------------------------
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??? | This is empty space.
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+----------------------------------
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FIPS can be found at your favorite Linux FTP sites ([http://sunsite.unc.edu]
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http://sunsite.unc.edu, [http://tsx-11.mit.edu] http://tsx-11.mit.edu,[ftp://
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ftp.redhat.com] ftp.redhat.com) usually in the /pub/utils/msdos directory. If
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you have a CD for Linux, there is usually a \utils\msdos or \utils directory
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that has FIPS in it as well.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.2. What Is This 528M 1024th Cylinder Stuff?
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What exactly is the 1024th cylinder? Simply put, it is where IDE ends and
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EIDE begins--that's the 528M "mark" on your hard disk. Some machines used to
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have problems reading hard disks larger than 528M. Sometimes, those machines
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wouldn't let you boot another OS from a partition that started after the
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1024th cylinder. Most machines no longer have this limitation. (This used to
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be a BIG deal.)
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. What's Next
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Go ahead and install Linux to that new free space. If you are paranoid, when
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the Linux install proceedure goes to boot, you can boot into Windows 95?? and
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make sure it still runs OK.
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When it comes to partitioning the disk, if you are like most people, you'll
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make a 600M Linux partition (which is pretty comfortable) as well as 80M of
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SWAP (which is more than enough).
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At this point, you should be able to install whatever distribution of Linux
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you have without any trouble.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. Using Your New System
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Linux can mount, read, and write to Window 95??'s VFAT partitions serveral
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ways. You can use the stock msdos filesystem support that has been included
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in all kernels greater than 1.0. However, using commands like:
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litterbox~#: mount -t msdos /dev/hda1 /mnt
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will only get you as far as filenames with the 8.3 standard. Yick! You have
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Windows 95?? so you can use those nifty long file names.
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Some Linux users still run kernels that are ancient by Linux standards
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(1.2.xx). There is a module for this series of kernels so that you can read
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files that do not conform to the old 8.3 standard. If this is the situation
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you are in, FTP to [ftp://mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos
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/] ftp://mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/ and pick up a
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copy of README before doing anything.
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Kernels after 1.3.4x have internal VFAT support that you can compile in.
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These kernels allow safe read/writes to your VFAT partitions.
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NOTE: A Word of Caution!: If you are running a later version of Windows
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95?? or Windows 98?? (i.e., possibly one that ships on computers made
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after June 1996 as well as the P5-MMX series), please complete the
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following:
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Check to see what version of Windows 95?? you are really running. To do
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this, open up a DOS box and type
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ver /r
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Sample output is listed below:
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C:\> ver /r
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Mircosoft Windows 95 [4.00.1034]
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(C) 1981-1996 Microsoft Corporation.
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Note the minor revision number. If the number is GREATER than 950 you may
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be running a version of the FAT partition type known as FAT32. If that is
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the case, you can still use Linux and Windows 95??
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However, just because you are running a newer version of Windows 95??
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doesn't mean that you are running FAT32. Load fdisk and use the "display
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partition information" option to show if you are using FAT32.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.1. Installing on a Drive with FAT32
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If you are installing Linux onto a drive with FAT32, follow the same steps as
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you would for installing Linux onto a Windows 95?? system. However, because
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FIPS doesn't support FAT32--you'll be forced to use a commercial program
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called Partition Magic??.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. Linload, What's That?
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Linload is a DOS executable which loads a kernel image from a DOS HD (or
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floppy) and then boots the rest of the Linux Operating System from an
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appropriate root partition. If you're a really good hacker, you can do a
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floppyless Linux install this way; however, this document will explain more
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traditional uses. When booting into Windows 95?? hit the F8 key when:
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Starting Windows 95...
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is displayed and select
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Safe mode, command prompt only
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Go to your directory where you put your kernel and run
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C:\LINUX> linload.exe zimage root=/dev/hda2 ro
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from there. If you are good with MS-DOS setups, you can code multiple
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AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files, so that you have a menu setup and can
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choose which OS to boot.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6. Installing Windows on Linux
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In the reverse scenario (you have a working Linux box and are forced by some
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power to install Windows 95??), Windows 95?? WILL overwrite your MBR, and
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thus crush LILO. You have two options: use loadlin.exe to load your kernel,
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and use that to run Linux, or boot Linux using a floppy and/or loadlin, then
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re-install LILO.
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Best of luck with your new system!
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