558 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
558 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
Athlon Powersaving HOWTO
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Daniel Nofftz
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<daniel@nofftz.net.NOSPAM>
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2007-06-06
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Revision History
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Revision 1.2.3 2007-06-06 Revised by: dn
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corrected the correction from 1.2.3 (thx to Rajeev V. Pillai)
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Revision 1.2.2 2007-05-30 Revised by: dn
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corrected a typo in the nforce disable command
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Revision 1.2.1 2007-05-13 Revised by: dn
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corrections to the new copyright statement, corrections to the disclaimer
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Revision 1.2 2007-05-10 Revised by: dn
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coolrun added, new URL for (brazilian) Portuguese Version, License Change
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(GNU FDL to GNU GPL), some minor accessibility related changes
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Revision 1.1.12 2006-04-06 Revised by: dn
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typos corrected
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How to enable the power-saving functionality of the Athlon/Duron/AthlonXP
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processor on some motherboards/chipsets. This is usefull for saving Power and
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lowering the Temperature of the CPU and the System. (It also will reduce
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noise if you use temperature controlled fans in your case/on your cpu
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heatsink).
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Table of Contents
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1. Introduction
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1.1. Basics on the Athlon Power Saving Mode
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1.2. Copyright and License
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1.3. Disclaimer
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1.4. Feedback/Questions/Support
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1.5. New Versions of this Document
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2. The Different Approaches
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2.1. The Command-line Hack (recommended)
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2.2. The coolrun shellscript (recommended)
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2.3. The Athcool Program (recommended)
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2.4. BIOS updates
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2.5. Kernel Patches
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2.6. The LVCool Solution
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2.7. The FVCool Program
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2.8. AMD 760MP Powersaving
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3. What Else?
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3.1. How to test whether it works
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3.2. Known Bugs/Problems
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3.3. Fix for sound skips and other problems
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3.4. Another Fix for sound skips and other problems (on some
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Via-Chipsets)
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3.5. ToDo
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3.6. Translations
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1. Introduction
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1.1. Basics on the Athlon Power Saving Mode
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The HLT signal which is used by the normal idle-loop of the Linux kernel
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doesn't normaly bring any significant power-saving on processors of the
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Athlon/Duron family (hereafter referred to as Athlon processors). To get real
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power-saving on an Athlon processor, you have to put the processor in the
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STPGNT-Mode (Stop Grant Mode). In this mode, the processor is disconnected
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from the front-side bus (FSB), and can turn off parts of the CPU as well as
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reduce the clock to save power.
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Some modern Motherboards/Chipsets also support a Function to make a STPGNT
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when a HLT signal is detected.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1.2. Copyright and License
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This document, Athlon Powersaving HOWTO, is copyrighted (c) 2003-2007 by
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Daniel Nofftz.
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This work is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, as published by the
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Free Software Foundation.
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A copy of the license is available at [http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/
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gpl_v2.txt] http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/gpl_v2.txt.
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Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1.3. Disclaimer
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This work is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
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details.
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All copyrights are held by their respective owners, unless specifically
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noted otherwise. Use of a term in this document should not be regarded as
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affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Naming of particular
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products or brands should not be seen as endorsements.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1.4. Feedback/Questions/Support
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Feedback is most essential for this document. New solutions for new
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chipsets are especially needed, as are comments, whether the provided
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solutions work or don't work. Also please report spelling errors if you find
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them, cause i am no native english speaker. Send your additions, comments,
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criticisms and questions to the following email address: <
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daniel@nofftz.net.NOSPAM>. You can email me in German or English!
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If you want to support me, you could donate through Paypal (to the same
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email-adress) or send me some new Hardware to play with. ;)
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1.5. New Versions of this Document
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The newest version of this HOWTO will always first be made available at:
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[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/] http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/
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The sourcecode of this HOWTO is hosted at the [http://www.tldp.org] Linux
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Documentation Project or can be requested from me.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. The Different Approaches
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In the following section I present different approaches to achieve the same
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goal: power-saving on your Athlon/Athlon-XP based system. My recommended
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approach at the moment is to use the "command-line hack" or the athcool
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programm (the kernel patch is outdated and will not be developed any further,
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and the LVCool patch supports only one chipset family.)
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Nearly all of these approaches will set the " Disconnect enable when STPGNT
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detected" bit in the north bridge of the chipset. All other work is done by
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the ACPI subsystem of the kernel which sends a STPGNT signal to the
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processor, when it enters the acpi-c2 idle mode.
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If you haven't already got a kernel with ACPI support, you have to enable
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it in the kernel setup and then recompile the new kernel. You'll find the
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ACPI-options under General Setup+Power Management Setup->ACPI. You must have
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at least the following options: ACPI Bus Manager, System and Processor.
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Or for the new 2.4.22 Kernel: General Setup+ACPI Support. You must have at
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least the following option: Processor.
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2.6.x Kernel: Powermanagment options+ACPI. You must have at least the option
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Processor enabled. You shouldn't enable Thermal Zone !!
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Some Chipsets also support a STPGNT if a HLT signal is detected. This
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Motherboards/Chipsets don't need ACPI to be enabled! At the moment i look for
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feedback which Chipsets work without ACPI and which need ACPI. Maybee you
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could test it on your Motherboard and send me a mail. (see Section 3.1)
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.1. The Command-line Hack (recommended)
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To use the command-line hack you normaly have to enable ACPI in the kernel,
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otherwise it is mentioned. No reboot is needed to enable the Powersaving. You
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could enable/disable it from the command line with this commands:
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on KT133/133A, KX133, KL/KLE133, KM/KN133, ...: (needs definitively acpi
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enabled)
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enable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 52=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:
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0.0 52) | 0x80)))
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disable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 52=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:
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0.0 52) & 0x7f)))
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on KT266/266A/333,KM266/266A/333, ...:
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enable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 92=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 92) |
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0x80)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 95=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 95) |
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0x02)))
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disable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 92=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 92) &
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0x7f)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 95=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 95) &
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0xfd)))
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on KT333CF/KT400/KT400A/KM400/KM400A/KT600:
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enable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 D2=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 D2) |
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0x80)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 D5=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 D5) |
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0x02)))
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disable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 D2=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 D2) &
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0x7f)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 D5=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 D5) &
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0xfd)))
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on KT880:
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enable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 82=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 82) |
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0x80)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 85=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 85) |
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0x02)))
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disable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 82=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 82) &
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0x7f)))
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 85=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 85) &
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0xfd)))
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on SIS730/733:
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enable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6B=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6B) | 0x01)))
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disable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6B=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6B) & 0xfe)))
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on SIS735/740/745/755:
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enable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6A=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6A) | 0x0003)))
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disable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6A=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6A) & 0xfffc)))
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on SIS741/741GX/746/748:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6C=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 6C) |
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0x0003)))
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disable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6C=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 6C) &
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0xfffc)))
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on Nforce:
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enable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 E7=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 E7) |
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0x06)))
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disable:
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setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 E7=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0 E7) &
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0xf9)))
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on Nforce2: (works without acpi enabled)
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enable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6F=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6F) | 0x10)))
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disable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 6F=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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6F) & 0xef)))
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on AMD751 and AMD760/761:(not for the 760MP!!!)(works without acpi enabled)
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enable: setpci -v -s 0:0.0 0x62=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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62) | 0x06)))
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disable: setpci -v -s 0:0.0 0x62=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:0.0
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62) & 0xf9)))
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.2. The coolrun shellscript (recommended)
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coolrun is a small shellscript which uses the command line hacks and does
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all the work for you. It is developed/maintened by Grozdan Nikolov and based
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on this HOWTO.
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You can read more about it (and download it) here: [https://sourceforge.net
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/projects/coolrun/] https://sourceforge.net/projects/coolrun/
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.3. The Athcool Program (recommended)
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Athcool is a small program which performs the same task as the setpci
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commands above. It supports the same chipsets and detects what chipset you
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have, issuing the right settings in the chipset to get the power-saving to
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work.
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You can read more about it (and download it) here: [http://
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members.jcom.home.ne.jp/jacobi/linux/softwares.html] http://
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members.jcom.home.ne.jp/jacobi/linux/softwares.html I am not the Author of
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this program!
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.4. BIOS updates
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On some newer boards the manufacturer provides a BIOS update which sets the
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needed bit/bits in the chipset of the board (or let you choose in the
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BIOS-setup whether it should be enabled). Refer to the homepage of your
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motherboard manufacturer to see if such a BIOS-update is available.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.5. Kernel Patches
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The patch is based on another patch (from Jan Niehusmann) I found on the
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Newsnet. I modified the patch to also support the KT266/266A chipset. By the
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way, my patch does the same as the command-line hack, except that the Patch
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does it from within the kernel. This is why I recommend using the
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command-line hack, which is really simple to use and you don't have to modify
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your kernel.
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Ok... now step by step, here's how to apply the patch:
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1. First you have to download the patch:
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[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/amd_cool.diff] Kernel Patch for
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2.4.17
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[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/amd_cool.linux-2.4.21.diff] Kernel
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Patch for 2.4.21 (thx to Thomas Reinhardt for porting it to 2.4.21)
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[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/amd_cool.linux-2.6.5.diff] Kernel
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Patch for 2.6.5 which supports all Via Chipsets up to the KT600 (thx to
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Sebastian Droege for porting it to 2.6.5 and adding the other Chipsets)
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[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/amd_cool.linux-2.6.9.diff] Kernel
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Patch for 2.6.9 which supports all Via Chipsets up to the KT600 (thx to
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Alexander Hug for porting it from 2.6.5 to 2.6.9)
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2. Login as root
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3. cd /usr/src
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4. Apply the patch: cat $path-to-patch/amd_cool.diff | patch -p0 (The new
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2.6.5 Patch: cd to linux and patch -p1)
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5. cd linux
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6. Make the new kernel
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7. Reboot, and at the kernel boot-prompt, enter the statement
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amd_disconnect=yes . This is because there are known bugs within the
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Athlon processor, which could cause problems on several boards. You
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should test the patch, and if it works, you can append the statement
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amd_disconnect=yes to the file /etc/lilo.conf.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.6. The LVCool Solution
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LVCool is a small port of the Windows programm [http://vcool.occludo.net/]
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VCool. It only supports the KT133/133A and KX133 chipset and I can't provide
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support for it. You can download it [http://vcool.occludo.net/VC_Linux.html]
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here. This solutions needs no ACPI compiled in the kernel.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.7. The FVCool Program
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[http://www.nt.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp/shimizu/download/download.html] Here is
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another Powersaving program which supports several chipsets. I didn't test it
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by myself but i heared it works. Check it out ... There is also a program
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provided with which you could use the onboard monitoring chips on some
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motherboards (like the lm-sensors package).
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.8. AMD 760MP Powersaving
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There is a kernel module which enables powersaving on the 760MP
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multiprocessor chipset. You could find it [http://www.muru.com/linux/
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amd-smp-idle/] here. I don't know how good it works, but i got at least one
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mail from someone who said it works for him. So check it out.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. What Else?
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3.1. How to test whether it works
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Ok ... you use one of the described powersaving possibilitys and you want
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to verify, whether it works. Here are two ways to check it:
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If you have temperature controlled Fan on your CPU-Heatsink, you could
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check for the noise level of the Fan to see whether it works or not. After a
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few idle minutes you give the CPU somthing to do.
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I normaly do it like this:
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1. get superuser (root)
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2. cd /usr/src/linux
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3. and give the computer something to do: while true; do make clean; make
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bzImage; done
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After about 20 or 30 seconds you should notice that the noise of the fan is
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getting louder while the fan is getting faster. Don't forget to end the
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while-loop after some time ( a few minutes) with STRG-C.
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The same procedure as above works also with a monitoring program for the
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cpu-temperature (like [http://secure.netroedge.com/~lm78/] lm-sensors, [http:
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//www.nt.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp/shimizu/download/download.html] xmbmon and
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[http://www.tinet.org/~com.ea/rtsensors/] rtsensors).
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3.2. Known Bugs/Problems
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There are two known bugs in the Athlon/Duron processor. This is number 11 and
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number 14 in the AMD Athlon Processor Revision Guide. It looks like the
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Athlon XP is significantly less often affected by these bugs. So if you have
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an Athlon XP you are on the lucky side (like me).
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There could be following problems (caused by the bugs):
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>skips during sound playback
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>skips and slowdown during video playback
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>slowdown of the ultra-DMA harddisk transfers
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>system hangs
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>USB problems
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>someone reported a high cheeping noise
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Sometimes a BIOS-update will help (it exists as a workaround for bug 11,
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which could be done by the BIOS). But as far as I know there are only a few
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boards out there which have this workaround in the BIOS.
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For the Asus A7V133-C, it is known that the BIOS-option PCI master read
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caching will solve most problems when it is enabled. So look at your BIOS to
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see whether it has such functionality.
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It is also known that on some boards, the BIOS option Delayed Transaction
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solves some of the problems. You may want to give this option a try too.
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WARNING: On boards with KT133A, this could enable the famous VIA-Southbridge
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bug!
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From a Newsnet post, regarding Asus A7V:
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>without delayed transaction: sound-skips and TV-skips
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>with delayed transaction: no sound skips and only slight TV problems
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>with delayed transcation and master read caching: nearly no TV problems
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and no sound skips at all
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There are other causes for problems:
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>the PSU is not strong enough to handle the fluctuations in the power
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consumption of the processor/motherboard
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>some motherboard voltage-regulators could have the same problems like the
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PSU ;)
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>*<2A>you have a K7S5A (as far as I know, this board could be really wierd when
|
||
power-saving is enabled)
|
||
|
||
|
||
If you have minor problems with power-saving enabled, and nevertheless want
|
||
to use power-saving, you can enable the power-saving by default, and turn it
|
||
off if you want to playback music, watch TV, ...
|
||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
3.3. Fix for sound skips and other problems
|
||
|
||
Thank you to Michael Hamilton for submitting me the idea how it works.
|
||
|
||
The working of this Fix was confirmed by two People, so it looks like it
|
||
works, but it may not work for everyone. Please feel free to submit further
|
||
experiences!
|
||
|
||
Lets go: It looks like at least the sound skips are curable by maximizing the
|
||
pci latency timer of the device.
|
||
|
||
First you have to find the "pci-address" of your Soundcard. This could be
|
||
done with lspci. You have to look for something like "Multimedia audio
|
||
controller" or "AudioPCI". Take the "pci-address" of the device (looks like
|
||
something like that: 01:06.0 -> it stands for: bus:slot.function) and
|
||
maximize the latency timer for it. This is done by setpci:
|
||
|
||
setpci -v -s "pci-address" latency_timer=ff
|
||
|
||
For additional Information on the Latency Timer you could look [http://
|
||
www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-hw2.html] here.
|
||
|
||
Maybe this works also for other problems like USB-Problems and
|
||
Harddisk-Transfer-Slowdowns, but this hasn't been tested for now. Feel free
|
||
to test it (but don't blame me, if it doesn't work or makes everything worse)
|
||
and report whether it works. The problem is, that i have none of this
|
||
problems and so can't test this by myself.
|
||
|
||
If it works, you have to perform this setpci command at every startup/reboot
|
||
of the Computer. So it would be wise to put it in one of the init-scripts
|
||
(after the driver module is loaded!).
|
||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
3.4. Another Fix for sound skips and other problems (on some Via-Chipsets)
|
||
|
||
Thank you to Wijatmoko Prayitno for submitting this!
|
||
|
||
The working of this Fix was confirmed for KT266, KT/KM333 and KT/KM400
|
||
Chipsets. It may also work for other Via-Chipsets. Please report if it works
|
||
on other Via-Chipsets !
|
||
|
||
This is quite easy and works like the Commandline-Hack for enabling the
|
||
Powersaving:
|
||
|
||
Soundfix on KT/KM333 and KT/KM400 Chipsets:
|
||
enable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 70=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:
|
||
0.0 70) | 0x08)))
|
||
|
||
disable: setpci -v -H1 -s 0:0.0 70=$(printf %x $((0x$(setpci -H1 -s 0:
|
||
0.0 70) & 0xf7)))
|
||
|
||
|
||
If it works, you have to perform this setpci command at every startup/reboot
|
||
of the Computer. So it would be wise to put it in one of the init-scripts
|
||
(after the driver module is loaded!).
|
||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
3.5. ToDo
|
||
|
||
Adding more chipsets and more informations to this document.
|
||
|
||
Adding some Informations on the Powersaving System of the Athlon64 and
|
||
Opteron CPUs.
|
||
|
||
Adding some Informations on Notebooks and Power-Saving.
|
||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
3.6. Translations
|
||
|
||
Translations into different languages also exist. At the moment, some of
|
||
them are not up to date.
|
||
|
||
[http://tldp.fsf.hu/HOWTO/Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO-hu/index.html]
|
||
Hungarianby Zsolt Mocza
|
||
|
||
[http://perso.wanadoo.es/cmayo/docs/Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO-es.html]
|
||
Spanish by Carlos Mayo (very out-dated)
|
||
|
||
[http://www.gigantefotos.com.br/sl/pt_BR_Athlon_Powersaving_HOWTO.html]
|
||
brasilian Portuguese/Portuguese by Bruno Buys
|
||
|
||
[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO-fr.html]
|
||
French by Mathieu Pillard (very out-dated)
|
||
|
||
[http://www.daniel.nofftz.net/linux/Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO-it.html]
|
||
Italian by Maurizio Fantino (very out-dated)
|
||
|
||
[http://www.linuxwiki.de/AMDPowerSaving] German (only parts) by Fabian
|
||
Mohren
|
||
|
||
[http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO/index.html]
|
||
Japanese by Seiji Kaneko
|