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ACPI: Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
Emma Jane Hogbin
[http://www.xtrinsic.com] xtrinsic
   <emmajane@xtrinsic.com>
Erich Schubert - Author of the section on DSDT.
Revision History
Revision v1.5.1 2004-07-15 Revised by: ejh
Link included to the French translation of this document.
Revision v1.5 2004-05-21 Revised by: ejh
Minor updates for the 2.6.6 kernel and corrections regarding which kernels
need patching.
Revision v1.4 2004-05-12 Revised by: ejh
Initial thoughts on the 2.6.5 kernel; includes information on battery
monitoring applications causing touchpad lockup problems.
Outlines how to patch a kernel for ACPI support.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table of Contents
1. About this document
2. Copyright and License
3. Translations
4. About ACPI
5. Why switch?
6. DSDT: Differentiated System Description Table
7. Installing from scratch
7.1. Choosing a kernel
8. Backups
9. Download and Unpack the New Kernel
9.1. Required packages
9.2. Unpack
10. Configure the new kernel
11. Compile the new kernel
12. Install the new kernel
13. Reboot and test
14. Load related modules
15. Switching from APM to ACPI
16. Using ACPI
17. References and Resources
18. Thanks
A. Patching Old Kernels
A.1. Getting the Source Files
B. ACPI the Non-Debian Way
B.1. Compile the kernel
B.2. Install the new kernel
B.3. Software packages
C. GNU Free Documentation License
C.1. PREAMBLE
C.2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
C.3. VERBATIM COPYING
C.4. COPYING IN QUANTITY
C.5. MODIFICATIONS
C.6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
C.7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
C.8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
C.9. TRANSLATION
C.10. TERMINATION
C.11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
C.12. How to use this License for your documents
1. About this document
When I first started the switch from APM to ACPI I didn't realize the kernel
needed to be patched. My problem (insanely loud fan) was fixed just by
upgrading to 2.4.20 (Debian packaged kernel with an earlier patch from [http:
//acpi.sourceforge.net] acpi.sourceforge.net). Unfortunately after the first
upgrade I wasn't able to halt my computer without using the power switch to
power-down my computer. It wasn't until later that I realized I had an old,
ineffectual ACPI patch. This HOWTO was written to summarize the install
process for myself, and hopefully help others who are also having a hard time
finding information about ACPI. Please note: the main article outlines [http:
//www.debian.org] The Debian Way of doing things. There is also generic
information in the Appendix B for those of you who prefer ... the generic
way.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Copyright and License
Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Emma Jane Hogbin.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any
later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A
copy of the license is included in Appendix C.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Translations
This document is also available in the following languages:
  * English version 1.2 translated to: [http://www.traduc.org/docs/HOWTO/
lecture/ACPI-HOWTO.html] Francais. Merci a Guillaume Lelarge et Vanessa
Conchodon pour le traduction!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. About ACPI
In the world of power management ACPI is relatively new to the game. It was
first released in 1996 by Compaq/Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix
and Toshiba. These developers aimed to replace the previous industry standard
for power management. Their [http://www.acpi.info] ACPI.info site contains
the official specifications, a list of companies that support ACPI and a
number of other goodies. This is definitely not required reading, but may be
of some interest to the insanely curious.
ACPI allows control of power management from within the operating system. The
previous industry standard for power management, Advanced Power Management
(APM), is controlled at the BIOS level. APM is activated when the system
becomes idle--the longer the system idles, the less power it consumes (e.g.
screen saver vs. sleep vs. suspend). In APM, the operating system has no
knowledge of when the system will change power states.
ACPI can typically be configured from within the operating system. This is
unlike APM where configuration often involves rebooting and entering the BIOS
configuration screens to set parameters.
ACPI has several different software components:
  * a subsystem which controls hardware states and functions that may have
previously been in the BIOS configuration
These states include:
  + thermal control
  + motherboard configuration
  + power states (sleep, suspend)
  * a policy manager, which is software that sits on top of the operating
system and allows user input on the system policies
  * the ACPI also has device drivers that control/monitor devices such as a
laptop battery, SMBus (communication/transmission path) and EC (embedded
controller).
If you would like more information on power management in laptops, check out
the resources on [http://www.tuxmobil.org] tuxmobil.org. Specifically: Power
Management with Linux - APM, ACPI, PMU and the [http://tuxmobil.org/
Mobile-Guide.db/mobile-guide-p2c1-hardware-in-detail.html] Hardware in Detail
section of the Linux Mobile Guide.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Why switch?
Not all systems support both APM and ACPI. I switched because my system only
supported ACPI. Pretty easy decision really. If you're switching to get
[http://acpi.sourceforge.net/documentation/sleep.html] S3 (suspend to RAM)
support and you're using a 2.4.x kernel, don't bother. It is [http://
lists.debian.org/debian-laptop/2003/debian-laptop-200304/msg00418.html] not
supported. Period.
Not sure if your system is supported? ACPI4Linux has a list of supported
machines/BIOSes started on their Wiki. Please contribute to the list if
you've installed ACPI! They also have a list of machines that are [http://
acpi.sourceforge.net/documentation/blacklist.html] not supported.
For more information about the power management in laptops you may (also)
find the [http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Battery-Powered/index.html] Battery
Powered Linux Mini-HOWTO useful.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. DSDT: Differentiated System Description Table
Thanks to [http://www.vitavonni.de/] Erich writing this section.
You might need to override the DSDT when certain features like battery status
are incorrectly reported (usually causing error messages to syslog). DELL
laptops usually need this kind of override. Fixed DSDT for many systems are
available on the [http://acpi.sourceforge.net/dsdt/index.php] DSDT page,
along with a patch that tells the kernel to ignore the BIOS-supplied table
but use the compiled-in fixed DSDT.
Basically you need to copy the fixed table into your kernel source with a
special filename (or modifying the filename in the patch supplied at the
[http://acpi.sourceforge.net/dsdt/index.php] DSDT page) This override is
quite easy: instead of loading the DSDT table from bios, the kernel uses the
compiled-in DSDT table. That's all.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Installing from scratch
ACPI is constantly being revised. It is available in later versions of the
2.4.x series kernel (2.4.22 and higher), and all 2.6.x series kernels. If you
would like to use a kernel before 2.4.22, you will need to patch your kernel
source to add ACPI functionality. If at all possible you should use the
latest stable version of the kernel. Patches are available from [http://
acpi.sourceforge.net] acpi.sourceforge.net.
Red Hat Fedora Core 2 now ships with ACPI enabled by default! This is big
progress for the ACPI development team. Congratulations to everyone.
Note Even the latest kernel will sometimes have minor bug fixes available as
a patch. You should check the ACPI4Linux web site to see if there are
any patches available.
You need to get the patch that exactly matches the version of the kernel
that you are running. Since this is the "install from scratch" section I will
assume you know exactly which kernel you will be installing.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.1. Choosing a kernel
This document was originally written for the 2.4.20 kernel and has been
updated since to include information about the 2.6.x series kernels. At the
time of this update the 2.6.x series kernels are proving easy for some and
harder for others. (I personally cannot properly power down my computer with
the 2.6.5 kernel.)
If you can, I would recommend waiting to upgrade your kernel to the 2.6.x
series until more bugs are ironed out. There are a lot of changes in the
2.6.x series kernel. When I upgraded to 2.6.5 to update this document I ran
into problems with my wireless connection, my nvidia graphics card, and with
ACPI. Your mileage may vary. I personally had good success with the 2.4.20
with the latest patch and the 2.4.22 kernel with no patch. A Google through
your distribution's mailing list, and the acpi-devel mailing list should help
you to pick the right kernel.
Note This document uses the 2.4.20 kernel as an example for 2.4.x series
kernels. Substitute your own kernel version as appropriate.
Regardless of which kernel you choose, if it is a kernel that requires
patching, it is important to use the latest version of the ACPI patch. Some
distributions have already patched their kernels. This is the case for
Debian, and may be the case for others. For more information on the patches
that have been applied to the Debian kernel source package scan through: /usr
/src/kernel-source-<version>/README.Debian. If you are not using Debian you
will probably still be able to find an equivalent file for your distribution.
A user on acpi-support confirmed that I shouldn't need any of the additional
patches that have been applied to the kernel to run my laptop. If you are
running a production-level server and/or are serving web pages to the
internet, you should really apply any additional security patches.
Warning If a kernel has had other patches applied to it, you may have
problems applying the ACPI patch. Of course, an ACPI patch should not
be applied to a kernel that is already patched for ACPI. As long as
there has not been an ACPI patch applied to the kernel it should be
possible to apply one now. Depending on the patches applied, you may
need to modify some of the Makefiles for your patch to be successful.
This is beyond my current grasp of reality so it is not covered in
this document.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.1.1. Debian-ized pre-patched kernel
If you would prefer to use a Debian-ized kernel instead of a fresh one,
[http://people.debian.org/~maxx] maxx has provided a pre-patched
kernel-source package with the latest patch for the 2.4.20 kernel. This would
be instead of downloading a fresh (non-patched) kernel from [http://
www.kernel.org] www.kernel.org. He sent me an email with the following
details:
  I took the kernel-source 2.4.20-8 from unstable, removed the  
ACPI changes [i.e. the old patch] and applied
acpi-20021212-2.4.20.diff.gz from acpi.sf.net since the
vanilla 2.4.20 HAS several security leaks (ptrace, hash
table, ...).
You can find the package at [http://people.debian.org/~maxx/
kernel-source-2.4.20/] http://people.debian.org/~maxx/
kernel-source-2.4.20/ (I didn't upload the .orig.tar.gz
since you can get it from any debian mirror and the .deb is
already big enough)
--[http://people.debian.org/~maxx] maxx  
Warning I have not tested these packages. You may or may not have any luck
with them. Please don't email me asking about them, ask maxx instead.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Backups
If you are already running a kernel that is the same version of the one you
are about to patch I recommend creating a fresh directory for the newly
patched kernel. Remember that backups are never a bad thing. These are the
files that I back up:
  * /etc/lilo.conf
  * /usr/src/*.deb (Debian-specific)
  * /etc/modules
  * /etc/modutils/aliases
  * /usr/src/linux/.config
  * If you are not doing things The Debian Way you should also back up the /
lib/modules directory, /boot/vmlinuz, /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/
bzImage and /usr/src/System.map. It's possible my notes on the location
of these files differs. Do a locate <file> if they're not where I've
stated they should be.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Download and Unpack the New Kernel
9.1. Required packages
The following is a list of packages required to patch a 2.4.x series kernel.
I am still working on the notes for a 2.6.x series install.
2.4.x series kernels
  * kernel source files
  * ACPI patch that exactly matches the kernel version
  * debian packages: make, bzip2, gcc, libc6-dev, tk8.3, libncurses5-dev,
kernel-package
  * after you've patched the kernel add the debian packages: acpid, acpi
(this last package is available in testing and unstable versions of
Debian, but not stable)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.2. Unpack
We need to unpack the bz2 file (bzip2) and shuffle the directories around a
bit. /usr/src/linux probably points to your current kernel. We need it to
point to the new kernel, so we'll do that as well.
  *  cd /usr/src
  *  mkdir kernel-source-<version> (use an alternate name if you already
have a version of this kernel installed)
  *  cp linux.<version>.tar.bz2 /usr/src/kernel-source-<version>
  *  cd /usr/src/kernel-source-<version>
  *  tar xjfv linux.<version>.tar.bz2
  *  mv linux.<version> /usr/src/linux-<version>
  *  rm linux (assuming that's a link to your old kernel)
  *  ln -s /usr/src/linux-<version> linux
If your kernel needs to be patched, do so now. Instructions are available
from Appendix A.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Configure the new kernel
Note Patch Your Kernel First
  If you are using an old kernel you will need to patch it before you can
proceed. Instructions on patching your kernel are available from
Appendix A. The 2.6.x series kernels do not need to be patched.
Now instead of using make menuconfig, I have an excellent alternative. Check
this out: copy your current .config file into /usr/src/linux. Now use "make
oldconfig". It will run through your old config file and see what's been
updated so that you don't have to find all the new options. For everything to
do with ACPI and your specific hardware (Toshibas choose the Toshiba options,
Asus choose the Asus options) choose M for module. There are about ten
different ACPI related options that you will need to select.
In point form, this is how the kernel should be configured:
  *  cd /usr/src/linux
  *  cp /usr/src/<oldkernel-source-directory>/.config .config
  *  make oldconfig (say M to all new options for ACPI--you can also say "Y"
if you prefer to compile it directly into your kernel)
Now go in to the config file with make menuconfig. I want you do check and
make sure you have your APM (the old stuff) turned off. Under "General Setup"
, make sure that:
  *  Power Management Support is ON
  *  APM (Advanced Power Management) is OFF (this is the old one--you don't
even want it as a module unless you really know what you're doing. And if
you really know what you're doing you're probably not reading this.)
  * everything to do with ACPI should be M (modules) or * (compiled directly
into the kernel). Read the list carefully. Some options will not apply to
your hardware.
exit and save the new configuration
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Compile the new kernel
If you have additional modules that are not part of the main source tree, you
will need to add modules_image when you make your Debian packages. This is
almost inevitable if you're using a laptop and an older kernel. Only my
nvidia graphics card now requires additional modules.
  *  cd /usr/src/linux
  *  make-kpkg clean
  *  make-kpkg --append-to-version=.<date> kernel_image modules_image
Note Naming kernel builds
  I no longer use .date to distinguish kernel builds. It was too
frustrating to have 030627a, 032627b (etc) as I tried to figure things
out. I now use names, in alphabetical order, starting with the kernel
build "alien". I'm going to leave the date option in though as I still
think it's a good way to do things.
My current kernel, 2.6.6, is "Elrond." The machine itself is "Smeagol."
Note Kernel compile help
  For non-Debian instructions see the Appendix "Appendix B".
For more information on how to compile the kernel The Debian Way please
read Creating custom kernels with Debian's kernel-package system
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Install the new kernel
I like to configure lilo on my own, but do whatever tickles your fancy.
  *  cd /usr/src
  *  dpkg -i kernel-image-<version>.<date>_10.00.Custom_i386.deb At this
point I decline all the lilo updates and configure it myself by hand.
  * configure lilo by hand: vi /etc/lilo.conf
  *  load the new kernel into lilo: lilo
  *  If you have any other deb files for your modules you should install
them now as well. If you're not sure check /usr/src for additional .deb
files.
Note Kernel compile help
  For non-Debian instructions see the Appendix "Appendix B".
For more information on how to compile the kernel The Debian Way please
read Creating custom kernels with Debian's kernel-package system
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Reboot and test
At this point you should reboot your machine. When your system comes back up
(assuming of course that everything went well and you still have a system),
check to see what kernel you're running with uname -a. It should show you the
one you just built. You also need to make sure the correct patch was
installed. You can do that with dmesg | grep ACPI.*Subsystem\ revision . It
should give the output: ACPI: Subsystem revision 20021212. The revision is
the date the patch was released. This number will be different than mine if
you are not using the 2.4.20 kernel. To look at all ACPI-related bits that
were loaded/started when your system rebooted, do this: dmesg | grep ACPI .
dmesg prints your boot messages and grep ACPI makes sure that only
ACPI-related messages are printed.
You can also check to see what version you're using with cat /proc/acpi/info.
Don't believe everything you read though. My output says that S3 is a
supported state, but we already know it's not. It does give the correct
version though, which is useful.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. Load related modules
Check to see that each of the ACPI modules have been loaded after your
machine boots. You can do this with the command lsmod. You are looking for
the following options: button, battery, fan, ac, thermal and processor. If
you chose "Y" instead of modules when you compiled your kernel, you will not
see this list. The output on my computer looks like this:
Module Size Used by Tainted: P
button 2420 0 (unused)
battery 5960 0 (unused)
ac 1832 0 (unused)
fan 1608 0 (unused)
thermal 6664 0 (unused)
processor 8664 0 [thermal]
NVdriver 945408 11
The last module is my graphics card, which uses proprietary drivers. This is
why I have a "P" next to Tainted on the top line.
If you compiled ACPI support in as "M"odules and you don't see the ACPI
modules listed you will need to load the modules by hand. The modules should
be in /lib/modules/<version>. <date>/kernel/drivers/acpi/, and are as
follows:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.1k Jun 3 23:57 ac.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9.5k Jun 3 23:57 battery.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5.2k Jun 3 23:57 button.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3.7k Jun 3 23:57 fan.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14k Jun 3 23:57 processor.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11k Jun 3 23:57 thermal.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.2k Jun 3 23:57 toshiba_acpi.o
Note Extensions on Modules
  The module name is the bit before .o extension on a module filename.
processor.o is the file, and processor is the module name. To install a
loadable kernel module use: insmod processor.
The 2.4.x series kernels use the extension .o; however, the 2.6.x series
kernel use the extension .ko.
The first time I rebooted I loaded them all by hand, typing insmod <
modulename>. I personally load processor first, although there are mixed
feelings on whether or not the order matters.
Note Operating System Power Management (OSPM)
  The first time I tried this the modules were all in separate directories
and were ospm_<name>. This was probably because I was using an old
patch, but it is something to be aware of. The OSPM modules are now
deprecated so hopefully you won't see them.
To prevent having to load the modules each time you reboot you can do one of
two things: compile them directly into the kernel (bit late for that though,
eh?), or add them to your /etc/modules file. If you don't already have a copy
of the file just create a new one and add each module name (remember, no
dot-o) on a separate line. You can also try running update-modules which
should automatically update your /etc/modules.conf configuration file.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. Switching from APM to ACPI
Do not let apmd and acpid run at the same time unless you REALLY know what
you're doing. Debian will not make sure only one is running at a time. You
will have to check. APM will try to put your system into S3. On the 2.4.x
(and before) series kernels this will quite probably hang your machine. S3 is
not supported until at least 2.5.x. Even the patch won't provide support for
S3 in the 2.4.x series kernels. I personally did an apt-get remove apmd to
solve the hanging problem.
You should also be aware of another little glitch I discovered. The XFree86
server has an option for DPMS (Energy Star) features. The DPMS can states can
be one of standby, suspend, off or on. Since the 2.4.x kernels cannot suspend
to disk, this can cause problems. I fixed my system by doing two things:
  *  xset -dpms (disables DPMS features)
  *  In /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 I commented out the line Option "DPMS" under
Section "Monitor".
Warning Lost Touchpad and Keyboard Interrupts
  Karl Hegbloom emailed me to say that "keyboard keys sticking,
touchpad pointer jumping suddenly across the screen, lockups under
heavy network I/O [was] caused by polling the battery state via ACPI
and the proc file system." This problem caused, in part, by a delay
between the initial request for information about the battery's
status and the response. In that delay interrupts may be locked out
and synchronization with the keyboard and touch pad may be lost. "The
overnight solution is to either turn off the battery applet, or
reduce its polling frequency." Karl also notes that a BIOS update was
also able to solve the problem. Thanks Karl!
I did not find this to be a problem for me in the 2.4.x kernels,
however, it was a problem when I upgraded to 2.6.5. I use wmacpi to
monitor my battery status. By setting the polling frequency to 1 (the
lowest possible number), I seem to have eliminated the touchpad
lockups. In my .xinitrc file I use:
/usr/bin/wmacpi -s 1
The -s 1 represents the polling frequency (sample rate) of "once per
minute." The default is 20.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Using ACPI
There are a few different applications/daemons you will want to install on
your system: acpid (the daemon that will control your hardware states), and
acpi (the interface to monitor events and states) are the base install. The
acpi Debian package is only available in testing and is unstable. If you're
running stable you won't be able to install it without playing around with
apt and your list.sources file. You can probably also compile from source. If
you do get acpi installed you can use it to monitor your system like this:
acpi -V. The output will tell you about your system. Mine looks like this:
Thermal 1: ok, 47.1 degrees C
Thermal 2: ok, 45.1 degrees C
AC Adapter 1: off-line <-- running off battery
AC Adapter 1: on-line <-- running off AC power
Unfortunately, the -V "full version" doesn't work for me. Fortunately I can
still look in each of the acpi files individually for information about my
system. Check in the /proc/acpi directory for various things of importance.
If I want to check my battery I read the following file like this: cat /proc/
acpi/battery/BAT0/state. The output is as follows:
present: yes
capacity state: ok
charging state: discharging <-- running off battery
present rate: unknown
remaining capacity: 3920 mAh <-- watch this number
present voltage: 14800 mV
present: yes
capacity state: ok
charging state: discharging
present rate: unknown
remaining capacity: 3840 mAh <-- capacity getting smaller
present voltage: 14800 mV
present: yes
capacity state: ok
charging state: charging <-- AC adapter plugged in
present rate: unknown
remaining capacity: 3840 mAh
present voltage: 14800 mV
If I want information about my battery in general I check it out like this:
cat /proc/acpi/battery/BAT0/info
present: yes
design capacity: 3920 mAh
last full capacity: 3920 mAh
battery technology: rechargeable
design voltage: 14800 mV
design capacity warning: 30 mAh
design capacity low: 20 mAh
capacity granularity 1: 10 mAh
capacity granularity 2: 3470 mAh
model number: Bat0
serial number:
battery type: Lion
OEM info: Acer
You're smart people. You can probably figure it out from here. :)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. References and Resources
The following URLs were incredibly useful in writing this HOWTO and generally
getting ACPI up and running.
HOWTOs
HOWTO install ACPI under Linux
http://sylvestre.ledru.info/howto/howto_acpi.php
Linux ACPI-HOWTO
http://www.columbia.edu/~ariel/acpi/acpi_howto.txt
Linux on the road, formerly: Linux Laptop HOWTO
http://tuxmobil.org/howtos.html You'll need to scroll a bit, or use
the HTML version: http://tuxmobil.org/Mobile-Guide.db/Mobile-Guide.html
Hardware in Detail (part of Linux on the road)
http://tuxmobil.org/Mobile-Guide.db/
mobile-guide-p2c1-hardware-in-detail.html
Power Management with Linux - APM, ACPI, PMU
http://tuxmobil.org/apm_linux.html
Battery Powered Linux Mini-HOWTO
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Battery-Powered/
Creating custom kernels with Debian's Kernel-Package system
http://newbiedoc.sourceforge.net/system/kernel-pkg.html
Hardware-specific Install Reports and Info
Installation Reports
http://acpi.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/InstallationReports
Blacklist
http://acpi.sourceforge.net/documentation/blacklist.html
DSDT: Overview
http://acpi.sourceforge.net/dsdt/index.php Includes links to patched
DSDTs and HOWTOs about patching your own DSDT.
BIOS Settings for the AcerTM (Phoenix BIOS)
http://help.nec-computers.com/au/pri/item_instr_bios_7521N.asp
Software Development Groups
ACPI4Linux
http://acpi.sf.net
ACPI Special Interest Group
http://www.acpi.info/
Intel
http://developer.intel.com/technology/iapc/acpi/
ACPI articles
Fan Speed Control Techniques in PCs
http://www.analog.com/library/analogDialogue/archives/34-04/fan/
Mailing List Threads
debian-laptop thread: can't restore from suspend
http://lists.debian.org/debian-laptop/2003/debian-laptop-200304/
msg00367.html
acpi-support thread: newbie HOWTO and debian patching
http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum_id=7803&max_rows=
25&style=flat&viewmonth=200304&viewday=17
debian-laptop thread: acer 634 acpi & apm
http://lists.debian.org/debian-laptop/2002/debian-laptop-200212/
msg00242.html
ACPI packages and related software
The Kernel
Remember to choose "F" for full when you download your kernel source.
http://www.kernel.org
Debian-ized kernel
maxx's pre-patched 2.4.20-8 kernel source package. For more information
see maxx's notes. http://people.debian.org/~maxx/kernel-source-2.4.20/
ACPI kernel patch
You'll need to pick the version that exactly matches the kernel you're
using. http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=36832
acpid
the daemon http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpid
acpi
text interface http://grahame.angrygoats.net/acpi.shtml
Kacpi
graphical interface for KDE http://www.elektronikschule.de/~genannt/
kacpi/download.html
aKpi
another KDE interface http://akpi.scmd.at/
wmacpi
WindowMaker DockApp (another GUI) http://www.ne.jp/asahi/linux/timecop/
wmacpi+clecourt
WindowMaker DockApp (another graphical interface). Handles two battery
slots. http://open.iliad.fr/~clecourt/wmacpi/index.html
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Thanks
Much thanks goes out to the following:
  *  [http://acpi.sourceforge.net/mailinglists.html] acpi-support (note: the
discussion list for ACPI4Linux is now at acpi-devel)
  *  [http://lists.debian.org/debian-laptop/] debian-laptop
  *  [http://lists.debian.org/debian-user/] debian-user
  *  [http://linuxchix.org/] techtalk
  *  TLDP mailing lists (discuss and docbook)
  * Sebastian Henschel for reminding me I'd promised to write it all down
  * Erich Schubert for writing the section on DSDTs
  * Werner Heuser for suggesting I submit the document to The LDP
  * Tabatha Marshall for editing and generally being very enthusiastic about
learning DocBook
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Patching Old Kernels
If you are using a 2.4.x series kernel, the kernel will need to be patched
before you can add ACPI support. Although ACPI is included in the 2.6.x
series kernels you should check to see if any patches have been released to
fix bugs. You can find this information on the ACPI4Linux site.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A.1. Getting the Source Files
Download a fresh kernel from [http://www.kernel.org] www.kernel.org. You need
to make sure you get a full kernel. Find the "latest stable version of the
Linux kernel" and click on F for FULL. Wait patiently. A bzipped kernel is
about 26M. If you're feeling particularly geeky you could also wget http://
kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/linux-<version>.tar.bz2.
Tip You may or may not want the latest stable version. For more information
read the Section 7.1 section of this document. If you decide to use a
version of the kernel that is not published on the front page, use the
[http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/] /pub/linux/kernel directory on
the [http://www.kernel.org] kernel.org site to find the kernel you'd
like.
While you're waiting, grab a copy of the patch as well. For the 2.4.20 kernel
use the 2.4.20 patch. It's dated 2002.12.12. You'll need to know that number
later when we check to make sure the patch worked. If you are using a
different kernel version make sure you take note of the date of your patch.
Your numbers will differ slightly from the one I use later on.
Once you've got those two files (the kernel and the patch) unpack them and
patch the kernel.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A.1.1. Patch
Now we're going to actually patch the kernel. I take one extra step from
[http://acpi.sourceforge.net/download.html] the instructions at ACPI4Linux.
Instead of gunzipping and patching in the same line, I use two lines. This is
purely a matter of preference. When you patch the kernel you want to make
sure there are no error messages. (There is no "yay" line, instead look for
the absence of errors.)
  *  cd /usr/src/linux
  *  cp acpi-20021212-2.4.20.diff.gz /usr/src/linux/. (Your patch filename
will be different if you're not using the 2.4.20 kernel.)
  *  gunzip acpi-20021212-2.4.20.diff.gz
  *  patch -p1 < acpi-20021212-2.4.20.diff (this is the actual patching
part)
Once you've finished patching your kernel, continue reading at Section 10.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. ACPI the Non-Debian Way
There is very little difference between The Debian Way and the generic way.
In fact it's probably only 10 or so lines of difference.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B.1. Compile the kernel
The "normal" way of compiling a kernel does not use make-kpkg. Instead, it
uses the following steps:
  *  cd /usr/src/linux which should point to the 2.4.20 kernel (unzipped)
files
  *  make dep
  *  make clean
  *  make bzImage
  *  make modules (remember to unpack your modules first)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B.2. Install the new kernel
In The Debian Way, you create a deb file which contains information about
where the kernel is (and makes the kernel and yada-yada). In the "normal"
way, you put things where they need to be right away. You need to install
your modules and then configure lilo to point to the new kernel and then run
lilo. If you are not doing things The Debian Way your "install" will look
like this:
  *  cd /usr/src/linux
  *  make modules_install
  *  cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz.<date>
  *  vi /etc/lilo.conf and copy the structure of your existing kernel. Do
NOT delete the reference to your existing kernel! You need to point lilo
to the "vmlinuz" file that was created when you compiled the kernel above
  * lilo (yup, just exactly like that.) Lilo will let you know if it's going
to have major problems loading the new kernel.
Warning Do NOT forget to run lilo before rebooting. Type lilo. It's that easy
(and that easy to forget).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B.3. Software packages
You can still use all of the software mentioned in this HOWTO even if you're
not using Debian. Unfortunately it will take a little more effort on your
part to download and install everything. Fortunately it's really not that
difficult. Most software packages include a README file when you gunzip them
which will explain what you need to do to get things working on your system.
Tip Software downloads
  For more information about software for ACPI, please use the ACPI
packages and related software.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
C. GNU Free Documentation License
Version 1.1, March 2000
Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite
330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and
distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is
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We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
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You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially
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