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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Linux Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) IPv6
HOWTO</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="article"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="ARTICLE"
><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
><A
NAME="AEN2"
></A
>Linux Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) IPv6
HOWTO</H1
><H3
CLASS="author"
><A
NAME="AEN5"
>Lars Strand</A
></H3
><DIV
CLASS="affiliation"
><DIV
CLASS="address"
><P
CLASS="address"
><TT
CLASS="email"
>&#60;<A
HREF="mailto:lars (at) unik no"
>lars (at) unik no</A
>&#62;</TT
></P
></DIV
></DIV
><P
CLASS="pubdate"
>2004-04-23<BR></P
><DIV
CLASS="revhistory"
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
COLSPAN="3"
><B
>Revision History</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revision 1.0</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>2004-04-23</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revised by: EJH</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
COLSPAN="3"
>Final review complete. Document published to the LDP
collection.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revision 0.6</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>2004-04-19</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revised by: LKS</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
COLSPAN="3"
>Thanks to Thomas Zimmerman &#60;thomas (at) zimres
net&#62; for a language review! Updated to latest version number and
added a section on plugin-support in OLSRd. Changed lisence
back to <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
TARGET="_top"
>GFDL</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revision 0.5</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>2004-03-08</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revised by: LKS</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
COLSPAN="3"
>An almost complete rewrite. Adding OLSRd (old
uOLSR), updated to RFC3626. Removed NROLSR and
CRCOLSR. Converted to XML Docbook. Changed the license from
<A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
TARGET="_top"
> GFDL
</A
> to <A
HREF="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/"
TARGET="_top"
> OPL </A
> due
to some GFDL <A
HREF="http://people.debian.org/~srivasta/Position_Statement.xhtml"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; problems.</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revision 0.3</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>2003-08-05</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
>Revised by: LKS</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
COLSPAN="3"
>Initial release.</TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
><DIV
CLASS="abstract"
><A
NAME="AEN45"
></A
><P
></P
><P
>&#13; This document describes the software and procedures to set up
and use <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626"
TARGET="_top"
>Optimized
Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR)</A
> with IPv6 for
Linux. OLSR is used as a routing protocol for
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>MANET</A
>) (also
called <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"spontaneous network"</SPAN
>).
</P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
><HR></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
>1. <A
HREF="#intro"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>1.1. <A
HREF="#WhyAdHoc"
>Why Ad-Hoc network?</A
></DT
><DT
>1.2. <A
HREF="#WhatMANET"
>What is a MANET?</A
></DT
><DT
>1.3. <A
HREF="#WhatOLSR"
>What is Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)?</A
></DT
><DT
>1.4. <A
HREF="#HowOLSR"
>How does OLSR work?</A
></DT
><DT
>1.5. <A
HREF="#IBSS"
>What about IBSS (IEEE ad-hoc mode)?</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>2. <A
HREF="#IPv6"
>IPv6</A
></DT
><DT
>3. <A
HREF="#OLSRLinux"
>OLSR for Linux</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>3.1. <A
HREF="#installing"
>Installing OLSRd</A
></DT
><DT
>3.2. <A
HREF="#using"
>Using OLSRd</A
></DT
><DT
>3.3. <A
HREF="#hna"
>What about HNA messages?</A
></DT
><DT
>3.4. <A
HREF="#plugins"
>Plugin support</A
></DT
><DT
>3.5. <A
HREF="#gui"
>Optional GUI</A
></DT
><DT
>3.6. <A
HREF="#other"
>Other OLSR implementations</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>4. <A
HREF="#faq"
>FAQ</A
></DT
><DT
>5. <A
HREF="#resources"
>Useful Resources</A
></DT
><DT
>6. <A
HREF="#copyack"
>Copyright, acknowledgments and miscellaneous</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>6.1. <A
HREF="#copyright"
>Copyright and License</A
></DT
><DT
>6.2. <A
HREF="#produced"
>How this document was produced</A
></DT
><DT
>6.3. <A
HREF="#feedback"
>Feedback</A
></DT
><DT
>6.4. <A
HREF="#ack"
>Acknowledgments</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>A. <A
HREF="#gfdl"
>GNU Free Documentation License</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>A.1. <A
HREF="#gfdl-0"
>PREAMBLE</A
></DT
><DT
>A.2. <A
HREF="#gfdl-1"
>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</A
></DT
><DT
>A.3. <A
HREF="#gfdl-2"
>VERBATIM COPYING</A
></DT
><DT
>A.4. <A
HREF="#gfdl-3"
>COPYING IN QUANTITY</A
></DT
><DT
>A.5. <A
HREF="#gfdl-4"
>MODIFICATIONS</A
></DT
><DT
>A.6. <A
HREF="#gfdl-5"
>COMBINING DOCUMENTS</A
></DT
><DT
>A.7. <A
HREF="#gfdl-6"
>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</A
></DT
><DT
>A.8. <A
HREF="#gfdl-7"
>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</A
></DT
><DT
>A.9. <A
HREF="#gfdl-8"
>TRANSLATION</A
></DT
><DT
>A.10. <A
HREF="#gfdl-9"
>TERMINATION</A
></DT
><DT
>A.11. <A
HREF="#gfdl-10"
>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</A
></DT
><DT
>A.12. <A
HREF="#gfdl-addendum"
>ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
your documents</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="intro"
></A
>1. Introduction</H1
><P
>&#13; This document describes the software and procedures to set up
and use Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) with IPv6
for Linux.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="WhyAdHoc"
></A
>1.1. Why Ad-Hoc network?</H2
><P
>&#13; An English translation of <EM
>ad-hoc</EM
> is <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"For a
particular purpose (improvised, made up in an instant)"</SPAN
>
(source: <A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases#A"
TARGET="_top"
>Wikipedia</A
>).
An Ad-hoc network, or <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"spontaneous network"</SPAN
>, is
especially useful when dealing with wireless devices in which some
of the devices are part of the network only for the duration of a
communications session and the need for a dynamic network topology
is eminent. A <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Mobile Ad hoc Network"</SPAN
> is usually
called a <EM
>MANET</EM
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="WhatMANET"
></A
>1.2. What is a MANET?</H2
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"
A MANET consists of mobile platforms (e.g., a router with multiple
hosts and wireless communications devices)--herein simply referred to
as <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>'nodes'</SPAN
>--which are free to move about
arbitrarily. The nodes may be located in or on airplanes, ships,
trucks, cars, perhaps even on people or very small devices, and
there may be multiple hosts per router. A MANET is an autonomous
system of mobile nodes. The system may operate in isolation, or
may have gateways to and interface with a fixed network."</SPAN
>
--- <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC2501:
Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET), section 3 (page 3).</A
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="WhatOLSR"
></A
>1.3. What is Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)?</H2
><P
>&#13; <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"OLSR is a proactive routing protocol for mobile ad hoc
networks. The protocol inherits the stability of a link state
algorithm and has the advantage of having routes immediately
available when needed due to its proactive nature. OLSR is an
optimization over the classical link state protocol, tailored for
mobile ad hoc networks."</SPAN
>
</P
><P
>&#13; <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"OLSR is designed to work in a completely distributed manner
and does not depend on any central entity. The protocol does NOT
REQUIRE reliable transmission of control messages: each node sends
control messages periodically, and can therefore sustain a
reasonable loss of some such messages. Such losses occur
frequently in radio networks due to collisions or other
transmission problems."</SPAN
> --- <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC3626: OLSR, section
1.3 (page 8)</A
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="HowOLSR"
></A
>1.4. How does OLSR work?</H2
><P
>
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) is
developed for mobile ad hoc networks. It operates as a table
driven, proactive protocol, i.e., exchanges topology information
with other nodes of the network regularly. Each node selects a
set of its neighbor nodes as <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>'multi-point relays'</SPAN
>
(MPR). In OLSR, only nodes, selected as such MPRs, are
responsible for forwarding control traffic, intended for diffusion
into the entire network. MPRs provide an efficient mechanism for
flooding control traffic by reducing the number of transmissions
required."</SPAN
> --- <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC3626: OLSR, section
1 (page 4)</A
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="IBSS"
></A
>1.5. What about IBSS (IEEE ad-hoc mode)?</H2
><P
>The IEEE 802.11 standard defines two modes: </P
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="images/802-11.png"
ALIGN="center"
WIDTH="550"><DIV
CLASS="caption"
><P
>IEEE 802.11 standard</P
></DIV
></P
></DIV
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
><EM
>Infrastructure mode:</EM
> The
wireless network consist of at least one access point (AP)
connected to the wired network and a set of wireless
nodes (WN). This configuration is called a <EM
>Basic Service Set
(BSS)</EM
>. Extended Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or
more BSSs (multiple cells).</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><EM
>Ad hoc mode:</EM
> Also called
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"IEEE ad-hoc mode"</SPAN
> or <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"peer-to-peer
mode"</SPAN
>. This configuration is called
<EM
>Independent Basic Service Set
(IBSS)</EM
> and is useful for establishing a
network where wireless infrastructure does not exist or where
services are not required.</P
></LI
></OL
><P
>&#13; So why use OLSR when we can use <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"IEEE ad-hoc
mode"</SPAN
>? <EM
>IEEE ad-hoc mode does NOT support
multi-hop.</EM
> See <A
HREF="#multihop"
>figure
below</A
>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="images/multihop.png"
ALIGN="center"
WIDTH="550"><DIV
CLASS="caption"
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"IEEE 8102.11 Ad hoc"</SPAN
> mode has
<EM
>no</EM
> support for multihop, something OLSR
does have.</P
></DIV
></P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><HR><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="IPv6"
></A
>2. IPv6</H1
><P
>IP version 6 (IPv6) is a new version of the Internet Protocol,
designed as the successor to IP version 4 (IPv4) <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc791.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>[RFC-791]</A
>. The
changes from IPv4 to IPv6 fall primarily into the following
categories:
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
>Expanded addressing capabilities </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Header format simplification</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Improved support for extensions and options</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Flow labeling capability</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Authentication and privacy capabilities</P
></LI
></UL
><P
>For more information on IPv6 in general, visit the <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html"
TARGET="_top"
>IETF's IPv6
Working Group</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><HR><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="OLSRLinux"
></A
>3. OLSR for Linux</H1
><P
>&#13; There are several OLSR implementation for Linux, but not all of them
support IPv6. You should know how to enable and use IPv6
on Linux. Peter Bieringer has written an excellent <A
HREF="http://ldp.linux.no/HOWTO/Linux+IPv6-HOWTO/"
TARGET="_top"
>Linux IPv6
HOWTO</A
>.
</P
><P
>&#13; There is one OLSR implementation that is becoming the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"standard"</SPAN
> and most widely used. It goes by the
descriptive name <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"OLSRd"</SPAN
> (old Unik-OLSR).
</P
><P
>&#13; OLSRd is an implementation based on the INRA C code, but has been
almost completely rewritten, so there is not much left of the original
INRA code (that mean it almost GPL). OLSRd also is under very rapid
development, and if you report in a bug, it is usually fixed in a
matter of hours.
</P
><P
>&#13; OLSRd <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=comp"
TARGET="_top"
>fully comply</A
>
to the OLSR RFC, support for plugins, and it has an optional GUI
interface (to see what's going on). The implementation also has a
informative <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"up-to-date"</SPAN
> <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org"
TARGET="_top"
>web-page</A
> with links to mailing
lists and papers.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="installing"
></A
>3.1. Installing OLSRd</H2
><P
>There are up-to multiple new releases of OLSRd each month, so
check the OLSRd <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org"
TARGET="_top"
>web-site</A
>
for the newest release.</P
><P
>&#13; <P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> The latest release as of this writing is 0.4.3, but by the
time you read this there is almost certain a new release. Fetch the
latest release from <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=download"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=download</A
>.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Unpack, compile and install the source code:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>tar</B
> jxvf uolsrd-x.y.z</B
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>cd</B
> unik-olsrd-x.y.z</B
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>make</B
></B
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>make install</B
></B
></TT
>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></LI
><LI
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>olsrd</B
></TT
> gets installed to
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>/usr/bin/</TT
> and a default config file,
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>olsrd.conf</TT
> can be found under
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc</TT
></P
></LI
></OL
>
</P
><P
>Check out the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/olsrd.conf</TT
> config
file, and change values to fit your system. All values in this file
can be overridden with command line options to
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>olsrd</B
></TT
>. The main options to change are:</P
><P
>&#13; <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; # Debug level(0-9)
# If set to 0 the daemon runs in the background
DEBUG 1
# IP version to use (4 or 6)
IPVERSION 6
# A list of whitespace separated interface names
INTERFACES eth1
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
>&#13; Later on, when you know OLSRd is configured correctly, you may set
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"DEBUG"</SPAN
> to <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>0</B
></TT
> to make it run in
the background. You may then also add it to your init scripts. But
to test that everything first, set this to at least
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>1</B
></TT
> (setting this higher will produce a lot
more info messages on APM, forwarding, parsing of the config file
etc.)
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="using"
></A
>3.2. Using OLSRd</H2
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="onehost"
></A
>3.2.1. On one host</H3
><P
>When OLSRd is installed and configured, it can be started
as root with:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>olsrd</B
></B
></TT
>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>All the settings in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/olsrd.conf</TT
>
can be overridden by command line options:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>olsrd</B
> -i eth1 -ipv6 -d 1</B
></TT
>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>Would start <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>olsrd</B
></TT
> listening on
interface <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>eth1</B
></TT
> using IPv6 and with debug
messages.</P
><P
>We start olsrd:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>olsrd</B
> -i eth1 -d 1 -ipv6</B
></TT
>
*** UniK olsrd-0.4.3 ***
hello interval = 2.00 hello int nonwireless: = 4.00 <A
NAME="tuning"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
>
tc interval = 5.00 polling interval = 0.10
neighbor_hold_time = 6.00 neighbor_hold_time_nw = 12.00
topology_hold_time = 15.00 tos setting = 16
hna_interval = 15.00 mid_interval = 5.00
Willingness set to 3 - next update in 20.000000 secs
Using IP version 6
Using multicast address ff05::15
---- Interface configuration ----
eth1: <A
NAME="interface"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/2.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(2)"></A
>
Address: fec0:106:2700::10
Multicast: ff05::15
Interface eth1 set up for use with index 0
Main address: fec0:106:2700::10 <A
NAME="adr"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/3.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(3)"></A
>
NEIGHBORS: l=linkstate, m=MPR, w=willingness
Thread created - polling every 0.10 seconds <A
NAME="list"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/4.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(4)"></A
>
neighbor list: 11:43:17.214807
neighbor list: 11:43:19.194967
neighbor list: 11:43:21.395046
neighbor list: 11:43:23.604800
neighbor list: 11:43:25.694875
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="calloutlist"
><DL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><DT
><A
HREF="#tuning"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
></DT
><DD
>This shows all the settings OLSRd is using. You may
override these by either specifying it in the config file
(<TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/olsrd.conf</TT
>) or specify it at the
command line. Read the <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>OLSR RFC</A
> for a
description on what all these settings means.</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#interface"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/2.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(2)"></A
></DT
><DD
>OLSRd found our interface. If you are using OLSRd with
multiple interfaces, <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Multiple Interface
Declaration"</SPAN
> (MID) messages will be generated.</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#adr"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/3.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(3)"></A
></DT
><DD
>If you are using OLSRd with multiple interfaces, it will
pick the first interface specified as the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"main"</SPAN
>
address.</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#list"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/4.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(4)"></A
></DT
><DD
>Since no other hosts are running OLSRd, this list is
empty.</DD
></DL
></DIV
><P
>Another thing worth noticing, is that an entry is added to
our routing table:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>route</B
> -A inet6</B
></TT
>
Destination: Next Hop Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
...
ff05::15/128 ff05::15 UAC 0 1 1 eth1
...
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>This is the IPv6 multicast address OLSR is using to talk to
other nodes running OLSR.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="addhosts"
></A
>3.2.2. Adding other hosts</H3
><P
>There is no point in using OLSRd on only one node, so we add
some nodes. You will then see the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"neighbor list"</SPAN
> gets
updated:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; neighbor list: 12:55:14.733586
neighbor list: 12:55:18.803585
Willingness for fec0:106:2700::11 changed from 0 to 3 - UPDATING <A
NAME="will"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
>
neighbor list: 12:55:22.763585
fec0:106:2700::11:l=0:m=0:w=3[2hlist:] <A
NAME="newhost"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/2.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(2)"></A
>
neighbor list: 12:55:26.833589
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=0:w=3[2hlist:]
Willingness for fec0:106:2700::12 changed from 0 to 2 - UPDATING <A
NAME="thirdhost"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/3.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(3)"></A
>
neighbor list: 12:55:30.903585
fec0:106:2700::12:l=0:m=0:w=2[2hlist:]
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=0:w=3[2hlist:]
neighbor list: 12:55:34.863585
fec0:106:2700::12:l=0:m=0:w=2[2hlist:]
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=0:w=3[2hlist:]
neighbor list: 12:55:39.153586
fec0:106:2700::12:l=1:m=0:w=2[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::11:] <A
NAME="triangle"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/4.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(4)"></A
>
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=0:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:] <A
NAME="triangle2"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/5.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(5)"></A
>
neighbor list: 12:55:43.443605
fec0:106:2700::12:l=1:m=0:w=2[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::11:]
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=0:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:]
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="calloutlist"
><DL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><DT
><A
HREF="#will"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; Another node detected (node B). This specifies the willingness of a node
to carry and forward traffic for other nodes. Here the new node
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>fec0:106:2700::11</B
></TT
> is willing to forward
traffic. A host with low battery may not be willing to forward
large amount of traffic, - so it will proclaim a lower
willingness value (routing based on powerstatus is available as a
plugin).
</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#newhost"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/2.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(2)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; The node has been added to our routing table. We can not (yet)
reach any other node by way of this node, since the 2-hop neighbor
list (<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>[2hlist:]</B
></TT
>) is empty. A 2-hop
neighbor is a node heard by a neighbor.
</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#thirdhost"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/3.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(3)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; Here is a third node (node C) running OLSRd.
</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#triangle"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/4.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(4)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; After a short time, when all nodes have been updated and routes
calculated, we may also reach any of the other nodes via the
other. The 2-hop neighbor list
(<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>[2hlist:]</B
></TT
>) is populated: We can reach node
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
> B</B
></TT
> via <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>C</B
></TT
>.
</DD
><DT
><A
HREF="#triangle2"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/5.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(5)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; Here we can reach node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>C</B
></TT
> via
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>B</B
></TT
>.
</DD
></DL
></DIV
><P
>You will also see the routing table is updated with the new
hosts:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>route</B
> -A inet6</B
></TT
>
Destination: Next Hop Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
...
fec0:106:2700::11/128 :: UH 1 0 0 eth1
fec0:106:2700::12/128 :: UH 1 0 0 eth1
...
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>&#13; The real beauty of OLSR is when you add a bunch of nodes and move
them around. You can still reach each one of them either directly
(if they are close), or through other nodes.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="movement"
></A
>3.2.3. Movement</H3
><P
>&#13; When every node can reach every other node, it's no fun. Let's
start moving the nodes, so that node <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"A"</SPAN
> and
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"B"</SPAN
> are out of (radio) range of each other. So when
we move node <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"A"</SPAN
> far enough away so that
it can't hear node <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"C"</SPAN
>, all traffic must go through
node <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"B"</SPAN
>: </P
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="images/movement.png"
ALIGN="center"
WIDTH="450"><DIV
CLASS="caption"
><P
>We move our three nodes so that node
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>A</B
></TT
> and <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>C</B
></TT
> must
speak through node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>B</B
></TT
> to reach each
other.
</P
></DIV
></P
></DIV
><P
>&#13; Tip: Instead of physically moving the nodes around, you can use
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>ip6tables</B
></TT
>. You can drop all packet using the
MAC-address. You just need to block on one node:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
># </TT
><TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>ip6tables</B
> -A INPUT -m mac --mac-source XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX -j DROP</B
></TT
>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>&#13; The output from OLSRd on host A is then:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; neighbor list: 13:22:35.693587
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=1:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:] <A
NAME="onlyone"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
>
neighbor list: 13:22:40.093588
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=1:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:]
neighbor list: 13:22:44.053594
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=1:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:]
neighbor list: 13:22:48.233594
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=1:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:]
neighbor list: 13:22:52.193605
fec0:106:2700::11:l=1:m=1:w=3[2hlist:fec0:106:2700::12:]
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="calloutlist"
><DL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><DT
><A
HREF="#onlyone"
><IMG
SRC="../images/callouts/1.gif"
HSPACE="0"
VSPACE="0"
BORDER="0"
ALT="(1)"></A
></DT
><DD
>&#13; We can reach node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>B</B
></TT
> directly, and via node
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>B</B
></TT
> we can reach node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>C</B
></TT
>.
</DD
></DL
></DIV
><P
>&#13; The routing table also gets updated. For node
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>A</B
></TT
> to reach node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>C</B
></TT
> it
must go through node <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>B</B
></TT
>:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>route</B
> -A inet6</B
></TT
>
Destination: Next Hop Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
...
fec0:106:2700::11/128 :: UH 1 1 0 eth1
fec0:106:2700::12/128 fec0:106:2700::11 UGH 2 0 0 eth1
...
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="hna"
></A
>3.3. What about HNA messages?</H2
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"
In order to provide this capability of injecting external routing
information into an OLSR MANET, a node with such non-MANET interfaces
periodically issues a Host and Network Association (HNA) message,
containing sufficient information for the recipients to construct an
appropriate routing table."</SPAN
>
</P
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"
An example of such a situation could be where a node is equipped with
a fixed network (e.g., an Ethernet) connecting to a larger network as
well as a wireless network interface running OLSR."</SPAN
> --- <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC3626: OLSR, section
12 (page 51).</A
>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="images/HNA.png"
ALIGN="center"
WIDTH="550"><DIV
CLASS="caption"
><P
>OLSR with a gateway (GW), that sends out HNA messages. All
the other nodes may then be accessing the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Internet"</SPAN
></P
></DIV
></P
></DIV
><P
>&#13; To have one node, act as a gateway and send out HNA messages, you
must change the <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>HNA6</B
></TT
> in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/olsrd.conf</TT
>:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; # HNA IPv6 routes
# syntax: netaddr prefix
# Example Internet gateway
HNA6 :: 0
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>&#13; When you start <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>OLSRd</B
></TT
>, you will see the node
is sending out HNA messages periodically:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; ...
Sending HNA (48 bytes)...
...
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>&#13; When the other nodes receives a HNA message, they update their
routing table:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13; <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>route</B
> -A inet6</B
></TT
>
Destination: Next Hop Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
...
::/0 fec0:106:2700::1 UG 1 0 0 eth1
...
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>&#13; You may also have multiple nodes in a MANET to act as gateways
(sending out HNA messages). Each mobile node then use the nearest
gateway.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="plugins"
></A
>3.4. Plugin support</H2
><P
>As of version 0.4.3 OLSRd also support plugins. Plugins may be
used to add extended functionality in a MANET. If only a subset of
the nodes knows how to interpret the messagetype, it will be
forwarded by all the nodes by the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"default forwarding
algorithm"</SPAN
>
(see section 3.4.1 in the <A
HREF="http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>OLSR RFC</A
>). This way
certain nodes may add special functionlity into OLSR.</P
><P
>As of this writing, two example plugins is included in the
OLSRd release. One of these plugins add routing based on
powerstatus. If one node has low battery, it can set its willingness
lower and traffic may be routed through other nodes.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="gui"
></A
>3.5. Optional GUI</H2
><P
>&#13; OLSRd also has an optional GUI, which can show a list of
available nodes and grab packets. To compile the GUI front end,
you must have GTK2. In <TT
CLASS="filename"
>unik-olsrd-x.y.z</TT
>
directory do:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>&#13;
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>cd</B
> front-end</B
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>make</B
></B
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>#</TT
> <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
><B
CLASS="command"
>make</B
> install</B
></TT
>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13; Remember to start OLSRd with the
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>-ipc</B
></TT
> switch or set
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>IPC-CONNECT yes</B
></TT
> in
<TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>/etc/olsrd.conf</B
></TT
> to enable the GUI to chat
with OLSRd.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>&#13; To see some examples of the use of GUI, check out <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=gui"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=gui</A
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="other"
></A
>3.6. Other OLSR implementations</H2
><P
>There is also other OLSR implementations, none have gained as
much popularity as OLSRd, and none of them (except <A
HREF="http://qolsr.lri.fr/"
TARGET="_top"
>QOLSR</A
>?) are fully RFC
compliant.</P
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="inria"
></A
>3.6.1. INRIA</H3
><P
>INRIA was one of the first(?) implementation of OLSR <A
HREF="http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/#code"
TARGET="_top"
>http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/#code</A
>.
Their web-site has not been updated for quite a while, and the
OLSR code you can download only complies to
draft-ietf-manet-olsr-03.txt (it's now an RFC). There is suppose to
be another more up-to-date version of INRIA olsr, but I have not
found it. INRIA OLSR does not support IPv6.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="nr"
></A
>3.6.2. NROLSR</H3
><P
>The <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"US Naval Research Laboratory"</SPAN
> (NRL) also
has an OLSR implementation. It is written in C++, and has IPv6
support. <A
HREF="http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/</A
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="crc"
></A
>3.6.3. CRCOLSR</H3
><P
>CRCOLSR is a implementation based on the French INRIA
code. It is is supposed to be maintained by <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Communication
Research Center"</SPAN
> (CRC) in Canada. But as of this writing,
there have been no new releases since April 3, 2003. <A
HREF="http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/</A
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect3"
><HR><H3
CLASS="sect3"
><A
NAME="qolsr"
></A
>3.6.4. QOLSR</H3
><P
>QOLSR is aiming to provide <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Quality of
Service"</SPAN
> routing in wireless mobile ad hoc
networks. There is no QoS support at the time of this writing,
and support for ipv4/ipv6 is triggered at compile time. Written
in C++.</P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><HR><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="faq"
></A
>4. FAQ</H1
><P
>Some of these question/answers are from the <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org"
TARGET="_top"
>OLSRd</A
> site.</P
><DIV
CLASS="qandaset"
><DL
><DT
>4.1. <A
HREF="#AEN387"
>If OLSRd fully RFC3626 compliant?</A
></DT
><DT
>4.2. <A
HREF="#AEN393"
>Can I mix site-local and global IPv6 addresses?</A
></DT
><DT
>4.3. <A
HREF="#AEN399"
>The GUI front-end failed to compile...why?</A
></DT
><DT
>4.4. <A
HREF="#AEN404"
>If there is multiply gateways present, how does
the mobile node conclude to use the nearest one?</A
></DT
><DT
>4.5. <A
HREF="#AEN410"
>I get OLSRd up and running - but the nodes
don't seem to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"hear"</SPAN
> each other!</A
></DT
></DL
><DIV
CLASS="qandaentry"
><DIV
CLASS="question"
><P
><A
NAME="AEN387"
></A
><B
>4.1. </B
>If OLSRd fully RFC3626 compliant?</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="answer"
><P
><B
> </B
>Yes. It even has implemented some of the extra
functionality mentioned in the RFC. See the <A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org/index.cgi?action=comp"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; RFC Compliance</A
> section for complete list.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="qandaentry"
><DIV
CLASS="question"
><P
><A
NAME="AEN393"
></A
><B
>4.2. </B
>Can I mix site-local and global IPv6 addresses?</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="answer"
><P
><B
> </B
>Yes. But keep in mind that they intentionally were not
designed to be used at the same time. The network topology can be
quite <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"messy"</SPAN
> if you start using these two.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="qandaentry"
><DIV
CLASS="question"
><P
><A
NAME="AEN399"
></A
><B
>4.3. </B
>The GUI front-end failed to compile...why?</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="answer"
><P
><B
> </B
>You probably don't have the GTK2.0 development libraries
installed.</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="qandaentry"
><DIV
CLASS="question"
><P
><A
NAME="AEN404"
></A
><B
>4.4. </B
>If there is multiply gateways present, how does
the mobile node conclude to use the nearest one?</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="answer"
><P
><B
> </B
>When a new gateway is detected, the Mobile Node checks the
distance (number of hops) to this newly discovered gateway
compared to the current gateway. If there is a shorter distance,
this new gateway becomes the current (default) gateway. See
section 12.6.2 in the OLSR RFC (<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC3626</A
>)</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="qandaentry"
><DIV
CLASS="question"
><P
><A
NAME="AEN410"
></A
><B
>4.5. </B
>I get OLSRd up and running - but the nodes
don't seem to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"hear"</SPAN
> each other!</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="answer"
><P
><B
> </B
>Most of the time this is a configuration error: Check
the following:</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
>&#13; If using WLAN interfaces make sure the ESSID/key match.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13; Make sure the cards are set in <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"ad-hoc"</SPAN
> mode
and not <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"managed"</SPAN
>.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13; Make sure you are not blocking UDP/698. If using
netfilter run <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>ip6tables -L</B
></TT
> as root
to see what rules are set. <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>ip6tables
-F</B
></TT
> flushes all rules.
</P
></LI
></UL
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><HR><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="resources"
></A
>5. Useful Resources</H1
><P
>&#13; <P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>OLSRd (old uOLSR)<A
HREF="http://www.olsr.org"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.olsr.org</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) RFC3626<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET) RFC2501<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (manet) Working Group (IETF)<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Open Shortest Path First IGP (ospf)<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ospf-charter.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ospf-charter.html</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Protean Forge - OLSR software (CRC and NRL) <A
HREF="http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://pf.itd.nrl.navy.mil/projects/olsr/</A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>INRIA OLSR <A
HREF="http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/</A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>QOLSR <A
HREF="http://qolsr.lri.fr/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://qolsr.lri.fr/</A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>IPv6 Working Group (IETF) <A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html </A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>RFC2460 Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2460.txt"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2460.txt </A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Peter Bieringer's Linux IPv6 HOWTO (en) <A
HREF="http://ldp.linux.no/HOWTO/Linux+IPv6-HOWTO/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://ldp.linux.no/HOWTO/Linux+IPv6-HOWTO/ </A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Current Status of IPv6 Support for Networking Applications
<A
HREF="http://www.deepspace6.net/docs/ipv6_status_page_apps.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.deepspace6.net/docs/ipv6_status_page_apps.html</A
></P
></LI
></OL
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><HR><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="copyack"
></A
>6. Copyright, acknowledgments and miscellaneous</H1
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="copyright"
></A
>6.1. Copyright and License</H2
><P
> Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lars Strand.</P
><P
>&#13; Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html"
TARGET="_top"
>GNU Free
Documentation License</A
>, Version 1.2 or any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy
of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License".
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="produced"
></A
>6.2. How this document was produced</H2
><P
>This document was originally written in LaTeX using
Emacs. HTML version created with latex2html. Later it was
converted to DocBook XML.</P
><P
>An up-to-date version of this document can be found at:</P
><P
> HTML: <A
HREF="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/OLSR-IPv6-HOWTO/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/OLSR-IPv6-HOWTO/index.html</A
> </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="feedback"
></A
>6.3. Feedback</H2
><P
>Suggestions, corrections, additions wanted. Contributors
wanted and acknowledged. Flames not wanted.</P
><P
>I can always be reached at <TT
CLASS="email"
>&#60;<A
HREF="mailto:lars at unik
no"
>lars at unik
no</A
>&#62;</TT
></P
><P
>Homepage: <A
HREF="http://www.gnist.org/~lars/"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13; http://www.gnist.org/~lars/</A
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><HR><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="ack"
></A
>6.4. Acknowledgments</H2
><P
>This document was produced as a part of Interoperable
Networks for Secure Communications <A
HREF="http://insc.nodeca.mil.no/"
TARGET="_top"
>(INSC task 6)</A
></P
><P
>Thanks to Andreas Hafslund (andreha [at] unik no) for
initial support. Also thanks to UniK (University Graduate Center)
<A
HREF="http://www.unik.no"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.unik.no</A
> and FFI
(Norwegian Defence Research Establishment) <A
HREF="http://www.ffi.mil.no"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.ffi.mil.no</A
> for
hardware support.</P
><P
>Also thanks to Andreas T<>nnesen (andreto [at] unik no) for
technical help updating this howto</P
><P
>Thanks also to the other HOWTO authors whose works I have
referenced: </P
><P
><EM
>Linux IPv6 HOWTO (en)</EM
> by Peter
Bieringer</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="appendix"
><HR><H1
CLASS="appendix"
><A
NAME="gfdl"
></A
>A. GNU Free Documentation License</H1
><FONT
COLOR="RED"
>Version 1.2, November 2002</FONT
><A
NAME="fsf-copyright"
></A
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="BLOCKQUOTE"
><P
>Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-0"
></A
>A.1. PREAMBLE</H1
><P
>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or
other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with
or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
modifications made by others.</P
><P
>This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license
designed for free software.</P
><P
>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it
can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-1"
></A
>A.2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</H1
><P
>This License applies to any manual or other work, in
any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying
it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice
grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use
that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under
copyright law.</P
><P
>A "Modified Version" of the Document means any
work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim,
or with modifications and/or translated into another language.</P
><P
>A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or
a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the
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><P
>The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary
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Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The
Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not
identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.</P
><P
>The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of
text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the
notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A
Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at
most 25 words.</P
><P
>A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a
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"Opaque".</P
><P
>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
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transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
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HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output
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><P
>The "Title Page" means, for a printed book,
the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold,
legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page.
For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's
title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.</P
><P
>A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit
of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in
parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language.
(Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
"Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To
"Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document
means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this
definition.</P
><P
>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License,
but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that
these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the
meaning of this License.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-2"
></A
>A.3. VERBATIM COPYING</H1
><P
>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to
the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying
of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
</P
><P
>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
and you may publicly display copies.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-3"
></A
>A.4. COPYING IN QUANTITY</H1
><P
>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts:
Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back
cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the
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with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited
to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
respects.</P
><P
>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
pages.</P
><P
>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable
Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each
Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general
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stated location until at least one year after the last time you
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of that edition to the public.</P
><P
>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
Document.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-4"
></A
>A.5. MODIFICATIONS</H1
><P
>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the
Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing
distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever
possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the
Modified Version:</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="A"
><LI
><P
>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a
title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous
versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History
section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous
version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more
persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal
authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer
than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of
the Modified Version, as the publisher.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the
<A
HREF="#gfdl-addendum"
>Addendum</A
> below.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of
Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
license notice.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Include an unaltered copy of this License.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its
Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title
Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document,
create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the
Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the
Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous
versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History"
section. You may omit a network location for a work that was
published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the
original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or
"Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the
equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".
Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
"Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
</P
></LI
></OL
><P
>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.</P
><P
>You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it
contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.</P
><P
>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the
list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
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arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes
a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by
arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may
not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission
from the previous publisher that added the old one.</P
><P
>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-5"
></A
>A.6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</H1
><P
>You may combine the Document with other documents released under
this License, under the terms defined in <A
HREF="#gfdl-4"
>section
4</A
> above for modified versions, provided that you include in the
combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original
documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their
Warranty Disclaimers.</P
><P
>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the
same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections
in the license notice of the combined work.</P
><P
>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
"History" in the various original documents, forming one section
Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
"Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must
delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements".</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-6"
></A
>A.7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</H1
><P
>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies
of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is
included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this
License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
respects.</P
><P
>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
document.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-7"
></A
>A.8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</H1
><P
>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a
storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal
rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works
permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does
not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
derivative works of the Document.</P
><P
>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers
that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic
equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise
they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
aggregate.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-8"
></A
>A.9. TRANSLATION</H1
><P
>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
the original English version of this License and the original versions
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the
translation and the original version of this License or a notice or
disclaimer, the original version will prevail.</P
><P
>If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its
Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
title.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-9"
></A
>A.10. TERMINATION</H1
><P
>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt
to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License
will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain
in full compliance.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-10"
></A
>A.11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</H1
><P
>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
detail to address new problems or concerns. See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.</P
><P
>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of
this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option
of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version
or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><HR><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="gfdl-addendum"
></A
>A.12. ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
your documents</H1
><P
>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy
of the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:</P
><A
NAME="copyright-sample"
></A
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="BLOCKQUOTE"
><P
>&#13; Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License".
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
><P
>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover
Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:</P
><A
NAME="inv-cover-sample"
></A
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="BLOCKQUOTE"
><P
>&#13; with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
><P
>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.</P
><P
>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit
their use in free software.</P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
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