1153 lines
27 KiB
HTML
1153 lines
27 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>Fedora Multimedia Installation HOWTO</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="article"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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||
ALINK="#0000FF"
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><DIV
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||
CLASS="ARTICLE"
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||
><DIV
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||
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
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><H1
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CLASS="title"
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><A
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NAME="AEN2"
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></A
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>Fedora Multimedia Installation HOWTO</H1
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><H3
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CLASS="author"
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><A
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||
NAME="AEN4"
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>Eric Steven Raymond</A
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></H3
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><DIV
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||
CLASS="affiliation"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="orgname"
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><A
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HREF="http://www.catb.org/~esr/"
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TARGET="_top"
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>Thyrsus Enterprises</A
|
||
><BR></SPAN
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||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
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||
CLASS="revhistory"
|
||
><TABLE
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||
WIDTH="100%"
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||
BORDER="0"
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||
><TR
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||
><TH
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
VALIGN="TOP"
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||
COLSPAN="3"
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||
><B
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||
>Revision History</B
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||
></TH
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 5.1</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2006-03-25</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
>Revised by: esr</TD
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
COLSPAN="3"
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||
>Simplified and corrected some FC5 instructions.</TD
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 5.0</TD
|
||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2006-03-21</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
>Revised by: esr</TD
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Update for Fedora Core 5. On the one hand, we can get almost
|
||
everything from livna now, which simplifies life. On the other
|
||
hand, Totem and Xine are both completely broken.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 4.0</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2005-10-09</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
>Revised by: esr</TD
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Update for Fedora Core 4. The fedora.us repositories have become
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||
Fedora Extras. Adobe Acrobat plugin no longer seems to be
|
||
necessary, xpdf and evince must have gotten better.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 3.0</TD
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||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-11-07</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Update for Fedora Core 3.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 2.2</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-09-07</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Corrections for 2.6.8 kernel and Mozilla 1.7.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 2.1</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-08-03</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>RealPlayer 10 is out in open source. This changes some things.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 2.0</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-07-14</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Updated for FC2. Removed up2date methods, as FC2 update seems
|
||
to be broken.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 1.2</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-02-03</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Typo fixes.</TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 1.1</TD
|
||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-01-31</TD
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||
><TD
|
||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revised by: esr</TD
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||
></TR
|
||
><TR
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||
>Dag Wieers's repository is yum-enabled, so drop apt-get out
|
||
of the picture. Add mozilla-acroread installation. Add some
|
||
attack-lawyer repellant.</TD
|
||
></TR
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||
><TR
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>Revision 1.0</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||
>2004-01-30</TD
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
>Revised by: esr</TD
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||
></TR
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||
><TR
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||
><TD
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||
ALIGN="LEFT"
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||
COLSPAN="3"
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||
>Initial release.</TD
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||
></TR
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||
></TABLE
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||
></DIV
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||
><DIV
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||
><DIV
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||
CLASS="abstract"
|
||
><A
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||
NAME="AEN62"
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||
></A
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||
><P
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||
></P
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||
><P
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||
>How to get various proprietary and restricted multimedia Damned
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||
Things (AVI, Flash, Java, MP3, MPEG, QuickTime, RealMedia,
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||
Windows Media) working under Fedora Core using your normal package-management
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tools. Includes Firefox-plugin instructions. Now with coverage of both
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||
32- and 64-bit Intel-architecture systems.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Unfortunately, the news in FC5 is almost all bad. Totem and Xine
|
||
are both completely broken.</P
|
||
><P
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||
></P
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||
></DIV
|
||
></DIV
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||
><HR></DIV
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||
><DIV
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||
CLASS="TOC"
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||
><DL
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||
><DT
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||
><B
|
||
>Table of Contents</B
|
||
></DT
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||
><DT
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||
>1. <A
|
||
HREF="#introduction"
|
||
>Introduction</A
|
||
></DT
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||
><DD
|
||
><DL
|
||
><DT
|
||
>1.1. <A
|
||
HREF="#newversions"
|
||
>New versions of this document</A
|
||
></DT
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||
></DL
|
||
></DD
|
||
><DT
|
||
>2. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN82"
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||
>Packages, Tools and Repositories</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>3. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN126"
|
||
>Security considerations and other risks</A
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||
></DT
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||
><DT
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||
>4. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN133"
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||
>Macromedia Flash</A
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||
></DT
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||
><DT
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||
>5. <A
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||
HREF="#AEN157"
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||
>gstreamer and ffmpeg support</A
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||
></DT
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||
><DT
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||
>6. <A
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||
HREF="#AEN165"
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||
>MP3</A
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||
></DT
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||
><DT
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||
>7. <A
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||
HREF="#AEN175"
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||
>Java</A
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||
></DT
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||
><DT
|
||
>8. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN184"
|
||
>RealAudio and RealVideo</A
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||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>9. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN192"
|
||
>MPEG, QuickTime, AVI, and DVDs</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>10. <A
|
||
HREF="#AEN202"
|
||
>Test pages for Web streaming</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>11. <A
|
||
HREF="#resources"
|
||
>Related Resources</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>12. <A
|
||
HREF="#license"
|
||
>License and Copyright</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DT
|
||
>13. <A
|
||
HREF="#acknowledgements"
|
||
>Acknowledgements</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
></DL
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
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||
NAME="introduction"
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||
></A
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||
>1. Introduction</H1
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||
><P
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||
>There are some Damned Things like enabling Java and Flash in Mozilla,
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||
playing MP3 files, playing Quicktime/AVI/RealMedia/Windows Media streams,
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||
and playing encrypted DVDs that the Fedora distro folks won't tell you how
|
||
to do, either because they're afraid of being sued under the DMCA or for
|
||
various other esthetic and political reasons.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>This HOWTO collects the relevant information in one place. It is not
|
||
a general multimedia-on-Linux HOWTO; if it were, there are hundreds of
|
||
nifty tools and packages it would list (starting with the GIMP and all its
|
||
kindred and forks and symbiotes). The packages we'll cover here are just the
|
||
legal and political hot potatoes, the stuff that threatens monopolies and
|
||
worries lawyers.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Good background information on souping up your Fedora system can also
|
||
be found at the <A
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||
HREF="http://fedoranews.org/"
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||
TARGET="_top"
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||
>FedoraNEWS</A
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||
>
|
||
website and the <A
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||
HREF="http://www.fedorafaq.org/"
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||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>Unofficial Fedora
|
||
FAQ</A
|
||
>. One assumption that distinguishes this document from these
|
||
other sources is that you are as lazy as I am — you want to install
|
||
your Damned Things (and, later, update them) with your normal
|
||
package-management toolswith an absolute minimum of going to special sites,
|
||
download source tarballs, or executing unique build procedures.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Legal note: No source code or locations of source code of any
|
||
software alleged to be covered by the DMCA is disclosed on this page, you
|
||
will have to look on my personal website for that. The DMCA is a bad law
|
||
rammed down our throats by fools and villains and the use of it to
|
||
suppress free speech about software is a disgrace, but in order to ensure that
|
||
this HOWTO gets maximum distribution I have remained in compliance with it
|
||
here.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>One reason I am doing this is that I believe I'm a harder target for
|
||
the attack lawyers than most hackers; public fame and a reputation for
|
||
truth-telling are helpful here. If you are an attack lawyer, be warned
|
||
that I invariably respond to attempts at intimidation by fighting back,
|
||
that I am legally savvy and <EM
|
||
>very</EM
|
||
> good at working the
|
||
press, and that I <EM
|
||
>will</EM
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||
> exert all my considerable
|
||
ability to make your and your client's name a public disgrace if you try to
|
||
suppress my speech. You have been warned.</P
|
||
><DIV
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||
CLASS="sect2"
|
||
><HR><H2
|
||
CLASS="sect2"
|
||
><A
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||
NAME="newversions"
|
||
></A
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||
>1.1. New versions of this document</H2
|
||
><P
|
||
>You can also view the latest version of this HOWTO on the World Wide
|
||
Web via the URL <A
|
||
HREF="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Fedora-Multimedia-Installation-HOWTO/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
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||
> http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Fedora-Multimedia-Installation-HOWTO.html</A
|
||
>.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Feel free to mail any comments about this HOWTO, or additions or bug
|
||
fixes, to Eric S. Raymond, <TT
|
||
CLASS="email"
|
||
><<A
|
||
HREF="mailto:esr@snark.thyrsus.com"
|
||
>esr@snark.thyrsus.com</A
|
||
>></TT
|
||
>. But please
|
||
don't ask me to troubleshoot your multimedia or plugin configuration
|
||
problems; if you do, I'll just ignore you. Everything I know about this
|
||
subject is already here.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN82"
|
||
></A
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||
>2. Packages, Tools and Repositories</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Modern Linuxes are rapidly moving towards a world in which physical
|
||
media are used for OS installation only, with updates being fetched and
|
||
installed by tools querying Internet repositories. You'll need to know a
|
||
bit about some of these tools and the repositories they get binary packages
|
||
from.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Fedora packages are called RPMs. Each can be installed or uninstalled
|
||
as a unit, and provides some application together with any support files it
|
||
needs. Some packages depend on others — an application, for example,
|
||
may require specific support libraries. Part of the job a package
|
||
installation program does is to chase down those dependencies and install
|
||
them before installing the main package.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Unfortunately, RPMs can clash with each other — for example, by
|
||
wanting to put incompatible versions of a command or support file in place.
|
||
A repository maintainer's main job is to make sure that (a) the RPMs in his
|
||
collection don't clash with each other, and (b) all their dependencies are
|
||
resolved either within his repository or some 'base' repository that he
|
||
advertises depending on.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>There is one base repository for Fedora Linux maintained by the
|
||
Fedora project itself, and about half a dozen extension repositories that
|
||
depend on that base. These extension or "third-party" repositories are
|
||
where you will get your Damned Things; they are run by volunteers
|
||
independent of the Fedora Project, often located in places outside the
|
||
U.S. where they will be less exposed to predatory lawyers.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>The extension repositories form cliques defined by who is compatible
|
||
with who else. There is a lot of turbulence and politics around these
|
||
cliques which, as an end user, you can largely ignore. The only reason
|
||
for you to know about this at all is that you have to choose one clique
|
||
in order to avoid clashes. In early 2006 there are, essentially, three
|
||
cliques to choose from, as I'll describe later on.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>First I need to introduce you to the tools you will need to fetch
|
||
your Damned Things:</P
|
||
><P
|
||
></P
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="variablelist"
|
||
><DL
|
||
><DT
|
||
>yum</DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>yum (the Yellow Dog Updater, Modified), is a command-line
|
||
tool that comes installed
|
||
with Fedora Core. It will help you download updates from the Fedora
|
||
repository, and from other repositories that carry Damned Things that
|
||
Fedora won't.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
><DT
|
||
>pirut</DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>This is a GUI wrapper around yum introduced in FC5. It's a
|
||
slightly kinder, gentler way to use yum.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
></DL
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><P
|
||
>You also need to know about some repositories. Each is a collection
|
||
of RPMs, divided into subcollections called 'channels'. </P
|
||
><P
|
||
></P
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="variablelist"
|
||
><DL
|
||
><DT
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://fedora.redhat.com"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>fedora.redhat.com</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>This is the basic Fedora repository. The RPMs in the
|
||
'stable' and 'updates' channels of this repo are what go on a Fedora
|
||
CD-ROM. Historical note for readers of previous version of this document:
|
||
the Red Hat repo now includes, in its 'extras' part, equivalents of the
|
||
stuff that used to be at fedora.us.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
><DT
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://rpmforge.net/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>RPMForge</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>A clique formed by all the major third-party RPM sites
|
||
except livna and ATrpms. These packages are intended to extend the Fedora
|
||
Core and Extras repositories, and the maintainers are careful not to clash
|
||
with the Fedora repositories. The consortium includes freshrpms, Dag
|
||
Wieers's repository, the Dries repository, NewRPMs and PlanetCCRMA.
|
||
They're working towards merging their repositories, and already build with
|
||
common source RPMS. Unfortunately, the RPMForge collection is known to
|
||
have some serious clashes with livna and ATRPMs.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
><DT
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://rpm.livna.org"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>rpm.livna.org</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>A site, located outside the U.S. and beyond the reach of
|
||
the DMCA, that specifically dedicated to providing Damned Things that
|
||
Fedora Core and Extras won't carry. There is no official connection, and
|
||
in fact the Fedora people won't mention livna in their web pages or
|
||
documentation for fear of being slammed with a speech-suppressing lawsuit
|
||
by the evil scumweasels at the DVDCCA, but the livna people track what
|
||
Fedora does very closely. The livna repositories depend on the Fedora
|
||
repositories. They clash with the RPMForge repositories.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
><DT
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://macromedia.mplug.org/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>http://macromedia.mplug.org/</A
|
||
></DT
|
||
><DD
|
||
><P
|
||
>The main source for packaged versions of Macromedia
|
||
Flash. It's safe to use this RPM with any of the extension-repository
|
||
cliques.</P
|
||
></DD
|
||
></DL
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><P
|
||
>The three cliques I referred to earlier are RPMForge, livna (all by
|
||
itself) and ATrpms (all by itself). With FC5 you can get all the
|
||
multimedia support you theoretically need from livna, rather than using
|
||
RPMforge as I advised in previous versions of this FAQ. I say
|
||
'theoretically' because, in fact, almost none of the video stuff actually
|
||
works in FC5.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>To enable access to livna, do this:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-5.rpm
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>This should drop a yum repo configuration file in
|
||
<TT
|
||
CLASS="filename"
|
||
>/etc/yum.repos.d/</TT
|
||
></P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN126"
|
||
></A
|
||
>3. Security considerations and other risks</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>All the yum commands I give in this HOWTO have to be run from the
|
||
root prompt so the packages they fetch can be installed in your system
|
||
space. This means there is a risk that your system could be compromised by
|
||
a Trojan Horse RPM, either one inserted in one of the repositories you
|
||
query or one slipped to you by a man-in-the-middle attack getting between
|
||
you and a repository.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>To control the latter risk, many repositories cryptographically sign
|
||
their RPMs. You need to have a local copy of each repository's public key
|
||
in order to integrity-check incoming packages; current versions of yum will
|
||
dowmload one for you. This could be defeated by a man-in-the-middle attack
|
||
spoofing the repo site and slipping you bogus keys as you set up your
|
||
configuration; while this possibility is extremely unlikely, you should be
|
||
aware of it.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>A long-term risk that you accept by using the proprietary code
|
||
referenced in this HOWTO is that of becoming dependent on the whims of a
|
||
proprietary software vendor. It isn't necessary to have that old-time Free
|
||
Software religion to see that this is a problem. Some of the software
|
||
we'll cover here (the Sun Java JDK plugin is a good example) is
|
||
distributed as closed-source freeware — which is all very well, but
|
||
what happens if the vendor changes its mind in the future? You could be
|
||
stranded.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>It's unsafe to be dependent on proprietary software and proprietary
|
||
formats. When you allow yourself to be dependent, you also harm others by
|
||
helping vendors maintain an unhealthy monopoly lock on their market
|
||
segment. So, if you must buy into these tools, please find some way to
|
||
support open-source replacements — donate coding time or cash, or
|
||
spend effort pressuring vendors to open up. Rip your CDs to Ogg Vorbis
|
||
rather than MP3. Write a letter to your legislator urging repeal of the
|
||
DMCA. The freedom you save <EM
|
||
>will</EM
|
||
> be your own.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN133"
|
||
></A
|
||
>4. Macromedia Flash</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Fedora won't distribute from their site because Macromedia's license
|
||
doesn't permit it, but there are no other legal barriers to using the RPMs
|
||
at <A
|
||
HREF="http://macromedia.mplug.org/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>http://macromedia.mplug.org/</A
|
||
>.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Follow those directions, dropping the Macromedia repository
|
||
configuration in your <TT
|
||
CLASS="filename"
|
||
>/etc/yum.repos.d/</TT
|
||
> directory.
|
||
It should look much like this:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> [macromedia]
|
||
name=Macromedia for i386 Linux
|
||
baseurl=http://macromedia.mplug.org/rpm/
|
||
enabled=1
|
||
gpgcheck=1
|
||
gpgkey=http://macromedia.mplug.org/FEDORA-GPG-KEY
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>Then do the installation:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> yum install flash-plugin
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>Installing this RPM should put the plugin in your Firefox
|
||
plugin directories (and Mozilla's as well).</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>You can test your flash support at the
|
||
<A
|
||
HREF="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/welcome/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>official test
|
||
page</A
|
||
>. Note that you may have to kill and restart your browser
|
||
after installing the plugin; I tried the Flash test immediately
|
||
and it crashed Firefox.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>There's a gotcha: The Macromedia plugin works only for 32-bit Intel
|
||
boxes. It completely fails on an x86_64 running in 64-bit mode (in
|
||
general, 32-bit plugins won't work in a 64-bit browser). Currently
|
||
there are three projects addressung this problem:</P
|
||
><P
|
||
></P
|
||
><UL
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://gplflash.sourceforge.net/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>gplflash1</A
|
||
> is the
|
||
orignal GPL Flash plugin. Only handles SWF up to level 4.</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://gplflash.sourceforge.net/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>gplflash2</A
|
||
>
|
||
half-works, with painful amounts of flicker, and frequently crashes
|
||
Firefox. This rewrite of gplflash has been abandoned in favor of
|
||
gnash.</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
><A
|
||
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>gnash</A
|
||
>
|
||
promises full support for SWF up to level 7, but is still in early
|
||
development and surrounded by warnings.</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
></UL
|
||
><P
|
||
>I think the right stopgap on 64-bit systems might be to build and
|
||
install gplflash1, but as of 21 Mar 2006 I can't because it needs
|
||
an X header file I cannot yet find the right RPM for. This may
|
||
change as the dust settles around FC5.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN157"
|
||
></A
|
||
>5. gstreamer and ffmpeg support</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>FC5 has adopted a project called gstreamer as a common back end for
|
||
handling video and audio files. Totem, the standalone multimedia player
|
||
shipped with FC5, uses gstreamer; so does your Firefox plugin,
|
||
mozplugger.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>gstreamer itself uses plugins, one for each multimedia format
|
||
it supports. Plugins for open-source formats such as Ogg Vorbis
|
||
ship with FC5. Plugins for proprietary formats don't. To get these,
|
||
do this:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> yum install gstreamer-plugins-ugly ffmpeg
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>This may also install mpeg2dec, libsidplay, libdvdread, faac, faad2,
|
||
imlib, and gsm.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>The 'ugly' plugins enable gstreamer to handle MP3, MPEG2,
|
||
and SID formats. The SID format is a historical relic from the Commodore
|
||
64. MP3 is the most popular audio format. MPEG2 is an audio/video format
|
||
used in DVDs.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>The ffmpeg library can encode or decode MPEG1 audio and video, MPEG4,
|
||
h263, ac3, asf, avi, real, mjpeg, and flash.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN165"
|
||
></A
|
||
>6. MP3</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Fedora won't ship MP3-capable software because the Fraunhofer
|
||
Institute's patent license terms are not compatible with the GPL.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>The default music player in FC5 is Rhythmbox. I struggled with
|
||
Rhythmbox for several hours, but despite its pretty face I found it
|
||
unusable. It ignores track numbers — or, at least, is not as smart
|
||
at parsing them out of filenames as xmms is, and doesn't document its
|
||
import rules anywhere. Trying to beat it into playing MP3s is a nightmare
|
||
so scarifying that at one point I thought I was going to have to reinstall
|
||
my entire Linux system just to get the ability to play Oggs back, because I
|
||
couldn't figure out what piece of undocumented application state had gotten
|
||
scrambled or how to clear it. The documentation is in general a bad joke
|
||
— glossy, superficial, and with no useful content about
|
||
troubleshooting problems. The xmms player may not be as featureful or as
|
||
nice-looking, but it works better.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>To install xmms and make it MP3-capable, start by doing this:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> yum install xmms xmms-mp3
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>To actually enable MP3 playing, you'll need to run xmms and change
|
||
its configuration. Select Options → Preferences → Audio I/O
|
||
Plugins from the menu; this will pop up a window listing plugins. Select
|
||
"MPEG Layer 1/2/3 Placeholder Plugin" and uncheck [ ] Enable Plugin. With
|
||
this placeholder gone, xmms will plug in xmms-mp3 automatically. Kill xmms
|
||
and restart.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>On my x86_64 box I encountered the problem that xmms would only play
|
||
sound as root, exiting immediately when run from a non-root account.
|
||
There are a number of mundane causes for this; check the permissions on
|
||
your sound devices. There is one <A
|
||
HREF="http://lists.xmms.org/pipermail/xmms-devel/2000-January/001083.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>exotic
|
||
problem</A
|
||
> which I tripped over; you may have to tell your sound
|
||
module to grab low-memory DMA buffers and not let go of them.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>To enable MP3 streaming through Firefox or Mozilla, install the
|
||
gstreamer-ugly plugin and ffmpeg as described below. MP3 streams will
|
||
play through xmms, podcasts through Totem.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN175"
|
||
></A
|
||
>7. Java</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Java is downloadable and redistributable from Sun, but only for
|
||
personal and not-for-profit use. Sun's Java license is non-open-source,
|
||
so Fedora and most other Linux distributions won't carry it.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Fedora Core 5 includes an open-source Java implementation for
|
||
programmers called gcj. You only need to take special action if you want
|
||
to enable applets in your browser. The Unofficial Fedora FAQ has <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.fedorafaq.org/#java"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>detailed instructions</A
|
||
> on how
|
||
to do this.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>You can test your Java plugin at Sun's <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.java.sun.com/applets/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>Applets</A
|
||
> page. Note that
|
||
some of these applets (Escher and Starfield, when I checked) appear to be
|
||
broken. BouncingHeads makes a good test.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>You might also want to copy the RPMS you built out of
|
||
<TT
|
||
CLASS="filename"
|
||
>/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/</TT
|
||
> so you'll have then handy for
|
||
reinstalls.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN184"
|
||
></A
|
||
>8. RealAudio and RealVideo</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>I don't known anywhere this is accessible via yum, so you'll have
|
||
to download and install it by hand. Do this first:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> yum install compat-libstdc++-33
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>Then download the <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.real.com/R/RC.080204os_linux_1_2_2_1_9_2.ecomm...R/forms.real.com/real/player/download.html?f=unix/RealPlayer10GOLD.rpm&product=playerplus&system=linux&&src=080204os_linux_1_2_2_1_9_2"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>RealPlayer10GOLD
|
||
RPM</A
|
||
> and install it.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>On 32-bit Fedora Core you may need to delete HelixPlayer with
|
||
|
||
<TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> rpm -e HelixPlayer
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
>
|
||
|
||
before the 10GOLD version will work. x86_64 FC5 does not
|
||
include HelixPlayer.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN192"
|
||
></A
|
||
>9. MPEG, QuickTime, AVI, and DVDs</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>MPEG (the format used on DVDs) represents itself as an open standard,
|
||
but most Linux distributions won't ship software that read it because of
|
||
blocking patents held by MPEGLA. AVI and Apple QuickTime have proprietary
|
||
codecs covered by patents, so most Linux distributions won't ship software
|
||
that decodes them, either.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>FC5 ships the GNOME project's official video player, <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.gnome.org/projects/totem/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>totem</A
|
||
>. Unfortunately,
|
||
it <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2006-January/msg01239.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>won't
|
||
play DVDs</A
|
||
>. The symptom
|
||
is an error popup that says "Totem was not able to play this disc. No
|
||
reason", but the problem is actually a known bug in gstreamer-0.10.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Unfortunately, the alternate front end xine is even more broken.
|
||
It can be installed this way:</P
|
||
><TABLE
|
||
BORDER="0"
|
||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||
><TR
|
||
><TD
|
||
><FONT
|
||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||
><PRE
|
||
CLASS="programlisting"
|
||
> yum install xine xine-lib libdvdcss
|
||
</PRE
|
||
></FONT
|
||
></TD
|
||
></TR
|
||
></TABLE
|
||
><P
|
||
>Doing this will also install a number of support libraries, including
|
||
the libdvdcss plugin that the xine people won't talk about on their site
|
||
because they are too frightened of the DVDCCA's attack lawyers.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>The 0.99.4 xine release displays an all-white window and does nothing
|
||
(at least on my plain-vanilla Opteron machine using a nVidia
|
||
GeForce2).</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="AEN202"
|
||
></A
|
||
>10. Test pages for Web streaming</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Here are some test locations to try streaming audio and video clips
|
||
from: </P
|
||
><P
|
||
></P
|
||
><UL
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
> <A
|
||
HREF="http://codeccorner.com/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>AVI</A
|
||
>
|
||
</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
> <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/troubleshooting/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>QuickTime</A
|
||
>
|
||
</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
> <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.vdat.com/techsupport/windowstest.asp"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>Windows Media</A
|
||
>
|
||
</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
> <A
|
||
HREF="ftp://ftp.tek.com/tv/test/streams/Element/index.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>MPEG</A
|
||
>
|
||
</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
><LI
|
||
><P
|
||
> <A
|
||
HREF="http://service.real.com/test/"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>RealPlayer</A
|
||
>
|
||
</P
|
||
></LI
|
||
></UL
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="resources"
|
||
></A
|
||
>11. Related Resources</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>There is a good walkthrough of a Fedora Core 5 installation procedure,
|
||
covering some of the same ground as this document, <A
|
||
HREF="http://stanton-finley.net/fedora_core_5_installation_notes.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>here</A
|
||
>.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>There is a useful
|
||
<A
|
||
HREF="http://home.gagme.com/greg/linux/fc4-tips.php"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>Fedora Core 4
|
||
Tips and Tricks</A
|
||
> page.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>There is a good tutotial on <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialMozillaConfiguration.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>Firefox
|
||
multimedia plugins</A
|
||
>.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="license"
|
||
></A
|
||
>12. License and Copyright</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
><EFBFBD> 2004, Eric S. Raymond.</P
|
||
><P
|
||
>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
||
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any
|
||
later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
|
||
Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the
|
||
license is located at <A
|
||
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"
|
||
TARGET="_top"
|
||
>www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html</A
|
||
>.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
><DIV
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><HR><H1
|
||
CLASS="sect1"
|
||
><A
|
||
NAME="acknowledgements"
|
||
></A
|
||
>13. Acknowledgements</H1
|
||
><P
|
||
>Miguel Freitas helped educate me about some of the techicalities of
|
||
video formats.</P
|
||
></DIV
|
||
></DIV
|
||
></BODY
|
||
></HTML
|
||
> |