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<TITLE>The teTeX HOWTO: The Linux-teTeX Local Guide: Appendix B: Installing the CTAN teTeX distribution. </TITLE>
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<A HREF="TeTeX-HOWTO.html#toc9">Contents</A>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="ctan-install"></A> <A NAME="s9">9. Appendix B: Installing the CTAN teTeX distribution. </A></H2>
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<P>The generic, teTeX distribution isn't any harder to install than the
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Linux packages. See section
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<A HREF="#generic-CTAN">Generic CTAN distribution</A>, below.
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<P>You should consider installing the generic teTeX distribution from the
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CTAN archives if:
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<UL>
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<LI>Your system isn't based on one of the standard Linux
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distributions. </LI>
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<LI>You don't have root privileges on your system.</LI>
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<LI>You want or need to have the very latest version of teTeX, or LaTeX.</LI>
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<LI>You don't have enough disk space available for a full
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installation.</LI>
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<LI>You want to install teTeX somewhere instead of the <CODE>/usr</CODE> file
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system.</LI>
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<LI>You would like to share your teTeX installation with other UNIX
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variants or platforms on a network. In this case, you should
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strongly consider installing from the <EM>source</EM> distribution.
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See section
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<A HREF="#generic-CTAN">Installing the source distribution</A>, below.</LI>
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<LI>You want the latest versions of teTeX's public domain Type 1
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fonts, which are significantly better than the fonts included in
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earlier releases.</LI>
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</UL>
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<P>A complete installation of the binary distribution requires 40-50 Mb
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of disk space, and building the distribution from the source code takes
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about 75 Mb, so you should make sure that the disk space is available
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before you start. You don't need to have the GCC compiler
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or the X Windows System installed (although X certainly helps because
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it is much easier to preview documents on-screen). All you need is an
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editor that is capable of producing plain ASCII, text (see section
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2). What could be simpler?
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<P>You can retrieve the files from one of the CTAN archives listed in
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section
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<A HREF="TeTeX-HOWTO-8.html#ctan-list">Appendix A</A>. In the examples
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below, the files were retrieved from the CTAN archive at
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<A HREF="ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk">ftp.tex.ac.uk</A>.
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss9.1">9.1 Installing the binary distribution.</A>
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</H2>
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<P>
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<P>
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<H3><A NAME="minimal-installation"></A> Minimal installation. </H3>
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<P>
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<P>First, FTP to
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<A HREF="ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/contrib">ftp.tex.ac.uk</A> and <CODE>cd</CODE> to the directory
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/
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</PRE>
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Retrieve the files
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<PRE>
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INSTALL.bin
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install.sh
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</PRE>
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and place them in the top-level directory where you want to install
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teTeX, for example, <CODE>/var/teTeX</CODE> if you plan to install teTeX
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in the <CODE>/var</CODE> file system.
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<P>Print out the <CODE>INSTALL.bin</CODE> file. Keep this file handy,
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because it describes how to install a minimal teTeX installation. The
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minimal installation requires only 10-15 MB of disk space, but it is
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recommended that you install the complete teTeX package if at all
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possible. For a minimum installation, you'll need the files
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/base/latex-base.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/base/tetex-base.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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You'll also need one of two archives which contain the executable
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teTeX programs. Retrieve the archive file
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/binaries/i386-linux.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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if your system uses the Linux ELF shared libraries, <CODE>ld.so</CODE>
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of at least version 1.73, and clibs of at least version 5.09. If it
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doesn't, retrieve the archive
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/binaries/i386-linuxaout.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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which is compiled for systems that use the older, a.out-format static
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libraries.
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<P>Then, following the instructions in the file <CODE>INSTALL.bin</CODE>,
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execute the command
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<PRE>
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sh ./install.sh
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</PRE>
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while in the top-level teTeX installation directory. (Make sure that
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the teTeX archives are located there, too.) After a few moments, the
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installation program will warn you that you are missing some of the
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teTeX packages. However, if you're planning only a minimal teTeX
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installation, you should ignore the warnings and proceed. To
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configure the basic teTeX system, see section
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<A HREF="#base-config">Base system configuration</A>, below.
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<P>To install the remaining packages, see the next section.
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<P>
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<H3><A NAME="complete-installation"></A> Complete installation. </H3>
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<P>To perform a complete teTeX installation, retrieve the archive files
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listed in the previous section, as well as the following files:
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/ams-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/bibtex-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/eplain-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/fonts-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/general-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/generic-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/latex-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/makeindex-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/metapost-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/doc/programs-doc.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/ams-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/dc-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/ec-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/misc-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/postscript-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/fonts/sauter-fonts.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/amstex.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/bibtex.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/eplain.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/latex-extra.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/metapost.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/pictex.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/pstricks.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/texdraw.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/goodies/xypic.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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All of these files should be placed in the top-level directory where
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you want teTeX to reside. As with the minimal installation, execute
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the command
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<PRE>
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sh ./install.sh
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</PRE>
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<H2><A NAME="base-config"></A> <A NAME="ss9.2">9.2 Base system configuration. </A>
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</H2>
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<P>The <CODE>install.sh</CODE> script, after determining which teTeX archive
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series are present, will present you with a menu of options. The only
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setting you need to make at this point is to set the top-level
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directory where you want teTeX installed, by selecting the ``D'' option.
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You must, of course, choose a directory in whose parent directory you
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have write permissions. For example, if you are installing teTeX in
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your home directory, you would specify the teTeX installation
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directory as
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<PRE>
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/home/john.q.public/teTeX
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</PRE>
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and, after returning to the main menu, select ``I'' to proceed with the
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installation. Note that the directory must not exist already: the
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<CODE>install.sh</CODE> script must be able to create it.
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<P>An option which you should consider enabling, is setting an
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alternative directory for generated fonts. Even if you plan to use
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only Postscript-format, Type 1 scalable fonts, occasionally you'll
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process a file that requires the Computer Modern fonts. Enabling this
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option requires that you enter the directory to use. You must have
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write permissions for the parent directory. Following the example
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above, you could specify
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<PRE>
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/home/john.q.public/texfonts
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</PRE>
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or, if you want the generated fonts to be accessible by all users on
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the system, specify a directory like
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<PRE>
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/var/texfonts
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</PRE>
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I would recommend that you <EM>not,</EM> however, use the default
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<CODE>/var/tmp/texfonts</CODE> directory for this option, because the
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generated fonts could be deleted after the next reboot, and the fonts
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will need to be generated again the next time they're needed.
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<P>After you've selected the option ``I'', and <CODE>install.sh</CODE> has
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installed the archives, set various permissions, and generated its
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links and format files, the program will exit with a message telling
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you to add the teTeX binary directory to your <CODE>$PATH</CODE>
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environment variable, and the directories where the man pages and info
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files reside to your <CODE>$MANPATH</CODE> and
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<CODE>$INFOPATH</CODE> environment variables. For example, add the
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statements
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<PRE>
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export PATH=$PATH:"/home/john.q.public/teTeX/bin"
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export MANPATH=$MANPATH":/home/john.q.public/teTeX/man"
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export INFOPATH$=INFOPATH":/home/john.q.public/teTeX/info"
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</PRE>
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to your <CODE>~/.bash_profile</CODE> if you use <CODE>bash</CODE> as
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your shell, or to your <CODE>~/.profile</CODE> if you use another
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shell for logins.
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<P>Log out, and then log in again, so the environment variables are
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registered. Then, run the command
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<PRE>
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texconfig confall
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</PRE>
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to insure that the installation is correct.
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<P>Next, you can configure teTeX for you specific hardware. See section
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<A HREF="#post-install">Post-installation configuration details</A>, below.
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="generic-CTAN"></A> <A NAME="ss9.3">9.3 Installing the CTAN source distribution. </A>
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</H2>
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<P>To install teTeX V. 0.4 from the source code, <CODE>ftp</CODE> to a CTAN
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site like
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<A HREF="ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk">ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk</A> and retrieve the files
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<PRE>
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/INSTALL.src
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/sources/README.texmf-src
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/sources/teTeX-lib-0.4pl8.tar.gz
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ctan/tex-archive/systems/unix/teTeX/distrib/sources/teTeX-src-0.4pl7.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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<P>Read over the instructions in <CODE>INSTALL.src</CODE>, then <CODE>su</CODE>
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to root and unpack the files in a directory for which you have
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read-write-execute permissions.
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<P>Remember to use the <CODE>p</CODE> argument to <CODE>tar</CODE>, and also
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remember to unset the <CODE>noclobber</CODE> option of <CODE>bash</CODE>.
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You can do this with the counterintuitive command
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<PRE>
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set +o noclobber
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</PRE>
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Note that the argument <CODE>+o</CODE> to <CODE>set</CODE> <EM>un</EM>sets a
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variable, just exactly backwards from what you might expect.
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<P>The file <CODE>teTeX-lib-0.4pl8.tar.gz</CODE> will create the directory
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<CODE>./teTeX</CODE>. The file <CODE>teTeX-src-0.4pl7.tar.gz</CODE> will
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create the directory <CODE>teTeX-src-0.4</CODE> Print out the file
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<CODE>INSTALL.src</CODE> and keep it nearby for the following
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steps. <CODE>cd</CODE> to the <CODE>./teTeX-src-0.4</CODE> directory, and, per
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the instructions in the <CODE>INSTALL.src</CODE> file, edit
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<CODE>./Makefile</CODE>. You need to set the <CODE>TETEXDIR</CODE> variable
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to the absolute path of the parent teTeX directory. This will be the
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subdirectory <CODE>teTeX</CODE> of the directory where you unpacked the
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source and library archives. For example, if you unpacked the
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archives in your home directory, you would set <CODE>TETEXDIR</CODE> to
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<PRE>
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/home/john.q.public/teTeX
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</PRE>
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The rest of the <CODE>Makefile</CODE> options are pretty generic. With
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GCC version 2.7.2 and later, you should not need to make
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any further adjustments unless you have a non-standard compiler and
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library setup, or want the compiler to perform some further
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optimizations, or for some other reason. Check that the
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<CODE>USE_DIALOG</CODE>, <CODE>USE_NCURSES</CODE>, and <CODE>HAVE_NCURSES</CODE>
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variables are set correctly for your system, because the
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<CODE>dialog</CODE> program needs the ncurses library to be installed. A
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<CODE>ncurses</CODE> library is included in the source distribution,
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so the default values in the <CODE>Makefile</CODE> should work fine. If
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you can't get <CODE>ncurses</CODE> to compile or link,
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<CODE>texconfig</CODE> can also be run from the command line.
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<P>If you've done everything correctly up to this point, you should be
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able to type <CODE>make world</CODE> in the top-level source directory,
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and relax until the teTeX executables are built. This can take a few
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hours.
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<P>After the build has completed, set the environment variables
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<CODE>$PATH, $MANPATH</CODE>, and <CODE>$INFOPATH</CODE>
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to include the teTeX directories. The statements which would be added
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to the file <CODE>~/.bash_profile</CODE>, in the example, above,
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would be
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<PRE>
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export PATH=$PATH":/home/john.q.public/teTeX/bin/i386-linux"
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export MANPATH=$MANPATH":/home/john.q.public/teTeX/man"
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export INFOPATH=$INFOPATH":/home/john.q.public/teTeX/info"
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</PRE>
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The <CODE>$PATH</CODE> variable is different in the source
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distribution than in the binary distribution. Note that here the path
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to the binaries is <CODE>teTeX/bin/i386-linux</CODE> instead of simply
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<CODE>teTeX/bin</CODE> as in the binary distribution.
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<P>At this point you can run <CODE>texconfig confall</CODE> to ensure that
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the paths have been set correctly, and then proceed to configure teTeX
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as in the binary distribution. See the
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section
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<A HREF="#post-install">Post-installation configuration details</A>, below.
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="post-install"></A> <A NAME="ss9.4">9.4 Post-installation configuration details. </A>
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</H2>
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<P>The first thing you want to do is look at Thomas Esser's
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<CODE>README</CODE> file. It contains a lot of hints on how to configure
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teTeX for your output device (i.e., printer). The <CODE>README</CODE>
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file is located in the directory
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<PRE>
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/usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/doc/tetex
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</PRE>
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Read the file over with the command (the path in the following
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examples is that of the Slackware distribution):
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<PRE>
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less /usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/doc/tetex/README
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</PRE>
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or, print it out with the command
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<PRE>
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cat /usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/doc/tetex/README >/dev/lp0
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</PRE>
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assuming that your printer is connected to <CODE>/dev/lp0</CODE>.
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Substitute the device driver file that your printer is connected to,
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as appropriate.
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<P>Or, better still, print it using the <CODE>lpr</CODE>
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command:
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<PRE>
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lpr /usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/doc/tetex/README
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</PRE>
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You should have installed the printer daemon that is included with
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your distribution of Linux. If not, do that now, per the instructions
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that come with the package.
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<P>Print out the <CODE>teTeX-FAQ.</CODE> Keep the FAQ handy because it
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contains useful hints for configuring teTeX's output drivers for your
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printer. We'll get to that in a moment. In more recent releases of
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teTeX, the <CODE>teTeX-FAQ</CODE> is viewable via the <CODE>texconfig</CODE>
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utility.
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<P>Next, you want to define a directory to store your own TeX
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format files. teTeX searches the directories listed by the
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<CODE>$TEXINPUTS</CODE> environment variable for local TeX input
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files:
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<PRE>
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export TEXINPUTS=".:~/texinputs:"
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</PRE>
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to the system-wide <CODE>/etc/profile</CODE> file. Individual users can
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set their own local <CODE>$TEXINPUTS</CODE> directory, by adding
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the line in their <CODE>~/.profile</CODE> or
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<CODE>~/.bash_profile</CODE> if <CODE>bash</CODE> is the default
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shell. The <CODE>$TEXINPUTS</CODE> environment variable tells
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teTeX to look for users' individual TeX style files in the
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<CODE>~/texinputs</CODE> directories under each user's home
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directory. It is <EM>critical</EM> that a colon appear before and
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after this directory. teTeX is going to append its own directory
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searches to your own. You want to have teTeX search the local format
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files first, so it uses the local versions of any of the standard
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files you have edited.
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<P>Add the <CODE>/usr/lib/teTeX/bin</CODE> directory to the system-wide path
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if you're installing teTeX as root. Again, if you're installing a
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personal copy of teTeX, add the directory where the teTeX binaries are
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located to <EM>the front</EM> your <CODE>$PATH</CODE> with the
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following line in your <CODE>~/.profile</CODE> or
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<CODE>~/.bash_profile</CODE>:
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<PRE>
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export PATH="~/tetex/bin:"$PATH
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</PRE>
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Now, log in as <CODE>root</CODE> and run <CODE>texconfig</CODE> per the
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instructions in the <CODE>teTeX-FAQ</CODE> and choose the printer that is
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attached to your system. Make sure that you configure teTeX for both
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the correct printer and printer resolution.
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<P>Finally, run the <CODE>texhash</CODE> program. This ensures that teTeX's
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internal database is up to date. The database is actually a
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<CODE>ls-lR</CODE> file. You <EM>must</EM> run <CODE>texhash</CODE> every
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time you change the system configuration, or teTeX will not be able to
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locate your changes.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<A HREF="TeTeX-HOWTO-10.html">Next</A>
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<A HREF="TeTeX-HOWTO-8.html">Previous</A>
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<A HREF="TeTeX-HOWTO.html#toc9">Contents</A>
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