371 lines
7.6 KiB
HTML
371 lines
7.6 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>After Your First Boot</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
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"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="The Linux Installation HOWTO"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="Booting Your New System"
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HREF="firstboot.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="Administrivia"
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HREF="administrivia.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="SECT1"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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ALINK="#0000FF"
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>The Linux Installation HOWTO</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="firstboot.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="administrivia.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><H1
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CLASS="SECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AFTERBOOT">8. After Your First Boot</H1
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><P
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>You should now be looking at the login prompt of a new Linux,
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just booted from your hard drive. Congratulations!</P
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><P
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>The <A
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HREF="http://algolog.tripod.com/postlnx.htm"
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TARGET="_top"
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>GNU/Linux
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post-install procedures</A
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> has some good suggestions about things you
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can do just after installation to minimize problems later on.</P
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT2"
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><H2
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CLASS="SECT2"
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><A
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NAME="ADMIN">8.1. Beginning System Administratration</H2
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><P
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>Depending on how the installation phase went, you may need to
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create accounts, change your hostname, or (re)configure X at this
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stage. There are many more things you could set up and configure,
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including backup devices, SLIP/PPP links to an Internet Service
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Provider, etc.</P
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><P
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>A good book on UNIX systems administration should help. (I suggest
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<I
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CLASS="CITETITLE"
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>Essential Systems Administration</I
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> from O'Reilly and
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Associates.) You will pick these things up as time goes by. You should
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read various other Linux HOWTOs, such as the
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<I
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CLASS="CITETITLE"
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>NET-3-HOWTO</I
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> and
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<I
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CLASS="CITETITLE"
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>Printing-HOWTO</I
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>, for information on other
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configuration tasks.</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="SECT2"
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><H2
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CLASS="SECT2"
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><A
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NAME="AEN606">8.2. Custom LILO Configuration<A
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NAME="CUSTOM-LILO"
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></A
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></H2
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><P
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>LILO is a boot loader, which can be used to select either Linux,
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MS-DOS, or some other operating system at boot time. Chances are
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your distribution automatically configured LILO for you during the
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installation phase (unless you're using OS/2, this is what you
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should have done). If so, you can skip the rest of this section.</P
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><P
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>If you installed LILO as the <EM
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>primary</EM
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> boot
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loader, it will handle the first-stage booting process for all operating
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systems on your drive. This works well if MS-DOS is the only other
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operating system that you have installed. However, you might be running
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OS/2, which has its own Boot Manager. In this case, you want OS/2's Boot
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Manager to be the primary boot loader, and use LILO just to boot Linux (as
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the <EM
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>secondary</EM
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> boot loader).</P
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><P
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>An important gotcha for people using EIDE systems: due to a BIOS
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limitation, your boot sectors for any OS have to live on one of the
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first two physical disks. Otherwise LILO will hang after writing
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"LI", no matter where you run it from.</P
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><P
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>If you have to configure LILO manually, this will involve editing the
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file <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
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>. Below we present an example of a
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LILO configuration file, where the Linux root partition is on
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/dev/hda2</TT
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>, and MS-DOS is installed on
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/dev/hdb1</TT
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> (on the second hard drive).</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="1"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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># Tell LILO to install itself as the primary boot loader on /dev/hda.
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boot = /dev/hda
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# The boot image to install; you probably shouldn't change this
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install = /boot/boot.b
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# The stanza for booting Linux.
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image = /vmlinuz # The kernel is in /vmlinuz
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label = linux # Give it the name "linux"
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root = /dev/hda2 # Use /dev/hda2 as the root filesystem
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vga = ask # Prompt for VGA mode
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append = "aha152x=0x340,11,7,1" # Add this to the boot options,
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# for detecting the SCSI controller
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# The stanza for booting MS-DOS
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other = /dev/hdb1 # This is the MS-DOS partition
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label = msdos # Give it the name "msdos"
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table = /dev/hdb # The partition table for the second drive</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
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>Once you have edited the <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
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> file,
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run <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>/sbin/lilo</B
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> as <EM
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>root</EM
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>. This will
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install LILO on your drive. Note that you must rerun
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>/sbin/lilo</B
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> anytime that you recompile your kernel in
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order to point the boot loader at it properly (something that you don't
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need to worry about just now, but keep it in mind).</P
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><P
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>Note how we use the <EM
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>append</EM
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> option in
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
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> to specify boot parameters as we did when
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booting the bootdisk.</P
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><P
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>You can now reboot your system from the hard drive. By default LILO
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will boot the operating system listed first in the configuration file,
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which in this case is Linux. In order to bring up a boot menu, in order to
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select another operating system, hold down <EM
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>shift</EM
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> or
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<EM
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>ctrl</EM
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> while the system boots; you should see a prompt
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such as</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="1"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>Boot:</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
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>Here, enter either the name of the operating system to boot (given by
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the <EM
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>label</EM
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> line in the configuration file; in this
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case, either <EM
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>linux</EM
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> or <EM
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>msdos</EM
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>), or
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press <EM
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>tab</EM
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> to get a list.</P
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><P
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>Now let's say that you want to use LILO as the secondary boot
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loader; if you want to boot Linux from OS/2's Boot Manager, for
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example. In order to boot a Linux partition from OS/2 Boot
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Manager, unfortunately, you must create the partition using OS/2's
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>FDISK</B
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> (not Linux's), and format the partition as FAT or
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HPFS, so that OS/2 knows about it. (That's IBM for you.)</P
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><P
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>In order to have LILO boot Linux from OS/2 Boot Manager, you only
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want to install LILO on your Linux root filesystem (in the above
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example, <TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>/dev/hda2</TT
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>). In this case, your LILO config file
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should look something like:</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="1"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>boot = /dev/hda2
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install = /boot/boot.b
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compact
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image = /vmlinuz
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label = linux
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root = /dev/hda2
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vga = ask</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
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>Note the change in the <EM
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>boot</EM
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> line. After running
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<B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>/sbin/lilo</B
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> you should be able to add the Linux partition
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to Boot Manager. This mechanism should work for boot loaders used
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by other operating systems as well.</P
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="firstboot.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
|
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="administrivia.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Booting Your New System</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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> </TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Administrivia</TD
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></TR
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> |