299 lines
7.0 KiB
HTML
299 lines
7.0 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>Packages, Tools and Repositories</TITLE
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="Fedora Multimedia Installation HOWTO"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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TITLE="Introduction"
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HREF="introduction.html"><LINK
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TITLE="Security considerations and other risks"
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HREF="x126.html"></HEAD
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><TH
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>Fedora Multimedia Installation HOWTO</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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>Prev</A
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><DIV
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CLASS="sect1"
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><H1
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CLASS="sect1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN82"
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></A
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>2. Packages, Tools and Repositories</H1
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><P
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>Modern Linuxes are rapidly moving towards a world in which physical
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media are used for OS installation only, with updates being fetched and
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installed by tools querying Internet repositories. You'll need to know a
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bit about some of these tools and the repositories they get binary packages
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from.</P
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><P
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>Fedora packages are called RPMs. Each can be installed or uninstalled
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as a unit, and provides some application together with any support files it
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needs. Some packages depend on others — an application, for example,
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may require specific support libraries. Part of the job a package
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installation program does is to chase down those dependencies and install
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them before installing the main package.</P
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><P
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>Unfortunately, RPMs can clash with each other — for example, by
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wanting to put incompatible versions of a command or support file in place.
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A repository maintainer's main job is to make sure that (a) the RPMs in his
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collection don't clash with each other, and (b) all their dependencies are
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resolved either within his repository or some 'base' repository that he
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advertises depending on.</P
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><P
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>There is one base repository for Fedora Linux maintained by the
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Fedora project itself, and about half a dozen extension repositories that
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depend on that base. These extension or "third-party" repositories are
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where you will get your Damned Things; they are run by volunteers
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independent of the Fedora Project, often located in places outside the
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U.S. where they will be less exposed to predatory lawyers.</P
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><P
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>The extension repositories form cliques defined by who is compatible
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with who else. There is a lot of turbulence and politics around these
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cliques which, as an end user, you can largely ignore. The only reason
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for you to know about this at all is that you have to choose one clique
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in order to avoid clashes. In early 2006 there are, essentially, three
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cliques to choose from, as I'll describe later on.</P
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><P
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>First I need to introduce you to the tools you will need to fetch
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your Damned Things:</P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="variablelist"
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><DL
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><DT
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>yum</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>yum (the Yellow Dog Updater, Modified), is a command-line
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tool that comes installed
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with Fedora Core. It will help you download updates from the Fedora
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repository, and from other repositories that carry Damned Things that
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Fedora won't.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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>pirut</DT
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><DD
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><P
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>This is a GUI wrapper around yum introduced in FC5. It's a
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slightly kinder, gentler way to use yum.</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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><P
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>You also need to know about some repositories. Each is a collection
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of RPMs, divided into subcollections called 'channels'. </P
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><P
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></P
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><DIV
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CLASS="variablelist"
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><DL
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><DT
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><A
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HREF="http://fedora.redhat.com"
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TARGET="_top"
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>fedora.redhat.com</A
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>This is the basic Fedora repository. The RPMs in the
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'stable' and 'updates' channels of this repo are what go on a Fedora
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CD-ROM. Historical note for readers of previous version of this document:
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the Red Hat repo now includes, in its 'extras' part, equivalents of the
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stuff that used to be at fedora.us.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><A
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HREF="http://rpmforge.net/"
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TARGET="_top"
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>RPMForge</A
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>A clique formed by all the major third-party RPM sites
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except livna and ATrpms. These packages are intended to extend the Fedora
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Core and Extras repositories, and the maintainers are careful not to clash
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with the Fedora repositories. The consortium includes freshrpms, Dag
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Wieers's repository, the Dries repository, NewRPMs and PlanetCCRMA.
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They're working towards merging their repositories, and already build with
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common source RPMS. Unfortunately, the RPMForge collection is known to
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have some serious clashes with livna and ATRPMs.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><A
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HREF="http://rpm.livna.org"
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TARGET="_top"
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>rpm.livna.org</A
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>A site, located outside the U.S. and beyond the reach of
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the DMCA, that specifically dedicated to providing Damned Things that
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Fedora Core and Extras won't carry. There is no official connection, and
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in fact the Fedora people won't mention livna in their web pages or
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documentation for fear of being slammed with a speech-suppressing lawsuit
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by the evil scumweasels at the DVDCCA, but the livna people track what
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Fedora does very closely. The livna repositories depend on the Fedora
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repositories. They clash with the RPMForge repositories.</P
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></DD
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><DT
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><A
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HREF="http://macromedia.mplug.org/"
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TARGET="_top"
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>http://macromedia.mplug.org/</A
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></DT
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><DD
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><P
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>The main source for packaged versions of Macromedia
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Flash. It's safe to use this RPM with any of the extension-repository
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cliques.</P
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></DD
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></DL
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></DIV
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><P
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>The three cliques I referred to earlier are RPMForge, livna (all by
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itself) and ATrpms (all by itself). With FC5 you can get all the
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multimedia support you theoretically need from livna, rather than using
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RPMforge as I advised in previous versions of this FAQ. I say
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'theoretically' because, in fact, almost none of the video stuff actually
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works in FC5.</P
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><P
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>To enable access to livna, do this:</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="programlisting"
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> rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-5.rpm
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
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>This should drop a yum repo configuration file in
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>/etc/yum.repos.d/</TT
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></P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="introduction.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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HREF="x126.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Introduction</TD
|
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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> </TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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>Security considerations and other risks</TD
|
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></TR
|
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></BODY
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></HTML
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> |