1275 lines
90 KiB
Plaintext
1275 lines
90 KiB
Plaintext
|
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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The Wine FAQ
|
||
|
||
Frequently asked questions about Wine.
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||
-----------------------------------------------------------
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Questions
|
||
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||
Click on the question to see its answer.
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||
|
||
About Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
1. What is Wine?
|
||
2. What's UNIX? What's Linux? What's FreeBSD? What's GNU?
|
||
3. Is Wine an emulator?
|
||
4. What's the history of Wine?
|
||
5. Why would anyone want Wine? Doesn't Windows suck?
|
||
6. What is Wine, and what is it supposed to do?
|
||
7. What is the current version of Wine?
|
||
8. When will Wine be finished?
|
||
9. What undocumented APIs / interfaces are not understood?
|
||
Would seeing Microsoft source help?
|
||
|
||
Getting Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
10. Do I need Unix first? Where can I get Linux?
|
||
11. Can I get Wine on CD?
|
||
|
||
Common troubles with configuring Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
12. This RPM requires libncurses.so.5, but the latest
|
||
ncurses I can find is libncurses.so.4?
|
||
13. Why does it keep saying that Xpm is not installed?
|
||
14. What is this kernel/kernel32 mismatch warning?
|
||
15. I'm getting a X_OpenFont crash when starting Wine!
|
||
16. All my Wine windows stick on top and/or on all my
|
||
desktops!
|
||
17. Wine looks like Windows 3.1, but I run Windows 95
|
||
applications?
|
||
18. I compiled Wine from source, but it can't find the .so
|
||
files, like libavifil32.so!
|
||
19. Wine won't start on my new glibc2.1.3-based
|
||
distribution (RedHat 6.2, Mandrake 7.0, etc)!
|
||
|
||
Common troubles with running programs with Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
20. I'm getting a relocation records stripped message,
|
||
what's this?
|
||
21. I can't start programs in paths with spaces in them!
|
||
22. I tried to run a setup application, but it complains
|
||
that it can't create start menu entries, what can I do?
|
||
23. My application wants me to change disks/CD-ROMs, but I
|
||
can't unmount it while it is running, what can I do?
|
||
|
||
Getting Help
|
||
|
||
|
||
24. Is there any documentation for Wine?
|
||
25. I couldn't find the answer to my question in the
|
||
documentation, but I've written a document explaining
|
||
how to solve it. What should I do?
|
||
|
||
Developing programs using Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
26. Can I use Wine to port my Win32 sources to Unix?
|
||
27. Will MFC work with Wine? What do I need to do?
|
||
28. Are there any commercial applications which have been
|
||
ported using Wine?
|
||
29. How can I detect Wine?
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||
|
||
Becoming a Wine developer
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||
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||
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||
30. How do I become a Wine developer? What do I need to
|
||
know?
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||
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||
About this FAQ
|
||
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||
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31. How recent is this FAQ? Where can I get the latest
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||
version?
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32. Who maintains this FAQ? What's its history? How do I
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||
submit additions?
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||
33. What's the copyright on this FAQ? How may I use it?
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||
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||
Capabilities
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||
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||
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34. Which programs does Wine currently run?
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35. Are there programs which Wine will never be able to
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run?
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||
36. Can I use Wine to access my Winmodem?
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||
37. Will MS Windows programs typically run faster or slower
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||
under UNIX and Wine than they do under DOS and MS
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Windows? Will certain kinds of programs run slower or
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||
faster?
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||
38. Are there any advantages or disadvantages to running MS
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Windows applications under Wine that I should be aware
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of?
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39. Will Wine support MS Windows networked applications
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||
that use winsock.dll?
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||
40. I'm a software developer who wants to use UNIX to
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||
develop programs rather than DOS, but I need to write
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||
DOS and MS Windows programs as well. Will I be able to
|
||
run my favorite DOS and/or MS Windows compilers under
|
||
Wine?
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||
|
||
What You Need to Run Wine
|
||
|
||
|
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41. Under what hardware platform(s) and operating system(s)
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||
will Wine run?
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||
42. What minimum CPU must I have in my computer to be able
|
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to run Wine and MS Windows applications smoothly?
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||
43. How much disk space will the Wine source code and
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||
binaries take on my hard drive? What other software do
|
||
I need to have installed to compile and run Wine?
|
||
44. How much RAM do I need to have on my UNIX system to be
|
||
able to run Wine and MS Windows applications smoothly?
|
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45. I have a Drivespaced, Doublespaced or Stackered DOS
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||
partition. Can Wine run MS Windows binaries located in
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||
such a partition?
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||
46. Do I need to have a DOS partition on my system to use
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Wine? Does MS Windows need to be loaded into that
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||
partition in order to run MS Windows programs under
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Wine?
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||
47. If Wine completely replaces MS Windows, will it
|
||
duplicate all of the functions of MS Windows?
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||
48. Will I be able to install MS Windows applications in
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any flavor of a UNIX filesystem?
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||
49. Will Wine run only under X, or can it run in character
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||
mode?
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||
50. Will Wine run under any X window manager? Does it
|
||
require a window manager at all?
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||
51. Will 32-bit Windows 95/98 applications run under Wine?
|
||
52. What about NT specific programs, which use NT-only
|
||
features?
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||
|
||
How to Find, Install, Configure and Run Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
53. Where can I get Wine?
|
||
54. If I do not have an Internet account, how can I get
|
||
Wine?
|
||
55. How do I install Wine on my hard drive?
|
||
56. How do I compile the Wine distribution source code?
|
||
57. How do I configure Wine to run on my system?
|
||
58. How do I run an MS Windows program under Wine?
|
||
59. I have installed and configured Wine, but Wine cannot
|
||
find MS Windows on my drive. Where did I go wrong?
|
||
60. I'm running a DirectX game, but the graphics is slow,
|
||
how can I speed it up?
|
||
61. I think I've found a bug. How do I report this bug to
|
||
the Wine programming team?
|
||
62. I was able to get various MS Windows programs to run,
|
||
but parts of them do not work. What is wrong?
|
||
63. I have run various MS Windows programs, but since the
|
||
program menus do not work, how can I exit these
|
||
programs?
|
||
64. How do I remove Wine from my computer?
|
||
|
||
How to Get Help with Wine
|
||
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||
|
||
65. Is there a Usenet newsgroup for Wine?
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||
66. Is there a World Wide Web site for Wine?
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||
|
||
How You Can Help with the Wine Project
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||
|
||
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||
67. How can I help contribute to the Wine project, and in
|
||
what way(s)?
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||
68. I want to help beta test Wine. How can I do this?
|
||
69. I have written some code that I would like to submit to
|
||
the Wine project. How do I go about doing this?
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||
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||
Who's Responsible for Wine?
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||
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||
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||
70. Who is responsible for writing and maintaining the Wine
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||
source code?
|
||
71. Who are the folks and organizations who have
|
||
contributed money or equipment to the Wine project?
|
||
|
||
Questions and Answers
|
||
|
||
About Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
1. What is Wine?
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||
|
||
Wine is Windows on UNIX.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2. What's UNIX? What's Linux? What's FreeBSD? What's GNU?
|
||
|
||
UNIX refers to a number of OSes based on the OS started
|
||
at Bell Labs in the 70's. GNU is a longstanding project
|
||
to create a free Unix. Linux and FreeBSD are free
|
||
Unixes, building on the GNU project. Some distributors,
|
||
such as Debian, refer to the result as GNU/Linux in
|
||
recognition of the GNU heritage.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
3. Is Wine an emulator?
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||
|
||
Unfortunately, no. Wine provides low-level binary
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||
compatibility, but currently only for OSes running on
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Intel-compatible chips.
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||
|
||
|
||
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||
4. What's the history of Wine?
|
||
|
||
As far as I remember it was a discussion in
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comp.os.linux about Windows emulation. The first real
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||
code came from Eric Youngdale (at this point he was
|
||
toying around with object formats, i.e. he was writing
|
||
the ELF infrastructure for Linux and applied this
|
||
knowledge to write a simple loader for Windows
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||
binaries). Then Bob Amstadt got the actual project
|
||
running (with TK widgets). -- Joerg
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||
|
||
Also see http://www.winehq.com/about.html.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
5. Why would anyone want Wine? Doesn't Windows suck?
|
||
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||
Not everyone thinks so. And for those that don't,
|
||
Windows programs would suck less when run on a more
|
||
stable and flexible UNIX platform.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
6. What is Wine, and what is it supposed to do?
|
||
|
||
Wine is a program which allows the operation of DOS and
|
||
MS Windows programs (Windows 3.x and Win32 executables)
|
||
on UNIX. It consists of a program loader, which loads
|
||
and executes a Windows binary, and a library that
|
||
implements Windows API calls using their UNIX or X11
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||
equivalents. The library may also be used for porting
|
||
Win32 code into native UNIX executables.
|
||
|
||
Wine is free software, and its license (contained in
|
||
the file LICENSE in each distribution) is BSD style.
|
||
Basically, this means that you can do anything with
|
||
Wine except claim that you wrote it.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
7. What is the current version of Wine?
|
||
|
||
A new version of Wine is distributed about every three
|
||
weeks. You will be able to keep up on all the latest
|
||
releases by reading the newsgroup
|
||
|
||
comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine
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||
|
||
where new release announcements are made. You can also
|
||
subscribe to the wine-announce mailing list to be
|
||
notified of new releases via email.
|
||
|
||
When downloading Wine from your FTP site of choice (see
|
||
http://www.winehq.com/download.html for some of these
|
||
choices), you can make sure that you are getting the
|
||
latest version by watching the version numbers in the
|
||
distribution filename.
|
||
|
||
For instance, the distribution released on June 20,
|
||
1994 was called Wine-940620.tar.gz.
|
||
|
||
Patch files are also available. If you are current to
|
||
the previous version, you can download and apply just
|
||
the current patch file rather than the entire new
|
||
distribution. The patch filenames follow the same
|
||
conventions as the monthly distribution.
|
||
|
||
Read-only CVS access is also available. See http://
|
||
www.winehq.com/dev.html
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
8. When will Wine be finished?
|
||
|
||
Large software projects are never finished, only
|
||
released.
|
||
|
||
Because Wine is being developed by volunteers, it is
|
||
difficult to predict when it will be ready for general
|
||
release. Between 90-98% of the functions used by MS
|
||
Windows applets, and 80-90% of the functions used by
|
||
major programs, have been at least partially
|
||
implemented at this time. However, the remaining 10%
|
||
will likely take another 90% of the time, not including
|
||
debugging.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
9. What undocumented APIs / interfaces are not understood?
|
||
Would seeing Microsoft source help?
|
||
|
||
The best would be if the Windows API would be fully
|
||
documented, so Wine could be a perfect "clean-room"
|
||
implementation. Seeing the source code might make it
|
||
harder to prove that no copyright violations have taken
|
||
place. That said, the documentation is often bad,
|
||
nonexistent, and even misleading where it exists, so a
|
||
fair amount of reverse engineering have been necessary,
|
||
particularly in the shell (Explorer) interface.
|
||
|
||
Getting Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
10. Do I need Unix first? Where can I get Linux?
|
||
|
||
The short answer is yes: Wine is not an OS, it runs on
|
||
top of your OS. A project named Generic Windows, a
|
||
prepacked setup of FreeBSD+XFree86+Wine, has been
|
||
proposed, but its domain name, genericwindows.com,
|
||
seems to have disappeared from the Web.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
11. Can I get Wine on CD?
|
||
|
||
You can get the source on any CD which mirrors a Wine
|
||
site, such as the Metalab CD's marketed by Walnut Creek
|
||
CDROM. Be warned that these might be slightly out of
|
||
date by the time you get them.
|
||
|
||
Common troubles with configuring Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
12. This RPM requires libncurses.so.5, but the latest
|
||
ncurses I can find is libncurses.so.4?
|
||
|
||
RedHat has pulled a bad versioning trick; ncurses 5 is
|
||
still installed as libncurses.so.4 in order to avoid
|
||
having to recompile the rest of the distribution. If
|
||
you must use a RPM rather than compile from source,
|
||
make a symlink, like
|
||
cd /usr/lib
|
||
ln -s libncurses.so.4 libncurses.so.5
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
13. Why does it keep saying that Xpm is not installed?
|
||
|
||
You need the Xpm development headers. On RedHat and
|
||
SuSE, this is the xpm-devel package. On Debian, this is
|
||
the xpm4g-dev package. Remember to rm config.cache (or
|
||
make distclean) before trying again.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
14. What is this kernel/kernel32 mismatch warning?
|
||
|
||
An error in the configuration file, which unfortunately
|
||
many RPM creators have overlooked. If you run win32
|
||
applications and have win95/winNT installed with this
|
||
error, Wine will crash on startup. The wine.conf should
|
||
contain something like this (but you may ignore the
|
||
DllPairs section if it doesn't exist, as it was
|
||
obsoleted a while ago):
|
||
[DllPairs]
|
||
krnl386 = kernel32
|
||
[DllOverrides]
|
||
kernel32, gdi32, user32 = builtin
|
||
krnl386, gdi, user = builtin
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
15. I'm getting a X_OpenFont crash when starting Wine!
|
||
|
||
Make sure you have run mkfontdir in all your X font
|
||
directories to make sure X has a current list of
|
||
available fonts. Also, some Windows fonts do not work
|
||
properly in X. When Wine starts, it queries the X
|
||
server for the metrics of every font on the system, and
|
||
for some fonts this may fail. Run wine -debugmsg +font
|
||
-sync to see what fonts it was querying the X server
|
||
about, then remove the offending font.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
16. All my Wine windows stick on top and/or on all my
|
||
desktops!
|
||
|
||
Have you tried the -managed or -desktop command line
|
||
options? See the man page for details.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
17. Wine looks like Windows 3.1, but I run Windows 95
|
||
applications?
|
||
|
||
The visual look and the API are completely different
|
||
and independent things, think of the look as a theme,
|
||
it does not change what the applications think they are
|
||
running on. That said, to change the look, set the
|
||
WineLook option under [Tweak.Layout] in your wine.conf.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
18. I compiled Wine from source, but it can't find the .so
|
||
files, like libavifil32.so!
|
||
|
||
When compiling from source, the libraries go into /usr/
|
||
local/lib by default. Most Linux distributions aren't
|
||
set up to look there by default, you have to add /usr/
|
||
local/lib to /etc/ld.so.conf (and then rerun ldconfig)
|
||
yourself (or let tools/wineinstall do it for you).
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
19. Wine won't start on my new glibc2.1.3-based
|
||
distribution (RedHat 6.2, Mandrake 7.0, etc)!
|
||
|
||
There are severe bugs in stock glibc2.1.3. For towupper
|
||
crashes, or errors about MENU_CopySysPopup and USER,
|
||
you can work around the problem by defining the
|
||
environment variable LC_ALL, i.e. export LC_ALL=en (in
|
||
bash) or setenv LC_ALL en (in tcsh).
|
||
|
||
Common troubles with running programs with Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
20. I'm getting a relocation records stripped message,
|
||
what's this?
|
||
|
||
It means that a Win32 application tried to start
|
||
another executable, but this new executable wanted
|
||
itself loaded at an address typically already occupied
|
||
by the old executable, and did not have the relocation
|
||
records necessary for it to be loaded anywhere else
|
||
(recent versions of MSVC++ removes (strips) this
|
||
information by default). Sometimes you can get the
|
||
application up anyway by just manually starting the
|
||
other executable it was trying to run (this applies to
|
||
Lotus Notes, for example).
|
||
|
||
The root of this problem is that Win32 keeps separate
|
||
address spaces for each Win32 process, so that two
|
||
executables will never clash under Windows. However,
|
||
there is a lot of work left before Wine can do the
|
||
same, mostly having to do with how these applications
|
||
are going to communicate with each other once they are
|
||
separated.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
21. I can't start programs in paths with spaces in them!
|
||
|
||
Did you do something like wine /c/Program Files/foo/
|
||
bar.exe? The shell sees unescaped spaces as argument
|
||
separators, for obvious reasons. To tell it that it's
|
||
all one argument, you must quote it. Examples:
|
||
wine /c/Program\ Files/foo/bar.exe
|
||
wine "/c/Program Files/foo/bar.exe"
|
||
|
||
But the best and simplest idea is always to cd into the
|
||
program's directory first and then just run wine
|
||
bar.exe. Many applications depend on the current
|
||
directory being the program directory, and they might
|
||
not work otherwise.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
22. I tried to run a setup application, but it complains
|
||
that it can't create start menu entries, what can I do?
|
||
|
||
If you're running without a real Windows installation,
|
||
first you need to install the necessary registry
|
||
entries, if you haven't already done so. See
|
||
documentation/no-windows for more information. Next,
|
||
you need to create directories for the paths in the
|
||
registry. If your Drive C path is /c, you would type
|
||
something like
|
||
mkdir "/c/windows/Start Menu"
|
||
mkdir "/c/windows/Start Menu/Programs"
|
||
|
||
to prepare the start menus, and after this the install
|
||
should succeed. (The newest version of tools/
|
||
wineinstall should do all this for you.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
23. My application wants me to change disks/CD-ROMs, but I
|
||
can't unmount it while it is running, what can I do?
|
||
|
||
Use the Supermount kernel patch, and mount your
|
||
removable media using the Supermount filesystem (read
|
||
its README file). Supermount implements DOS/
|
||
Windows-like behaviour (it allows you to change media
|
||
(as long as no files are open) without unmounting).
|
||
|
||
(Mandrake kernels are known to include this patch by
|
||
default.)
|
||
|
||
Getting Help
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
24. Is there any documentation for Wine?
|
||
|
||
Yes, a bit. Look in the documentation/ directory of the
|
||
source distribution. Also see the WineHQ website and
|
||
the draft version of the Wine-HOWTO.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
25. I couldn't find the answer to my question in the
|
||
documentation, but I've written a document explaining
|
||
how to solve it. What should I do?
|
||
|
||
Updates and additions to the Wine documentation
|
||
directory should be sent to the wine-patches mailing
|
||
list. Website and FAQ additions should be sent to
|
||
webmaster@winehq.com.
|
||
|
||
Developing programs using Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
26. Can I use Wine to port my Win32 sources to Unix?
|
||
|
||
That is the idea of Winelib. Right now you may have
|
||
some difficulties, but this should change soon.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
27. Will MFC work with Wine? What do I need to do?
|
||
|
||
Work is underway to support this.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
28. Are there any commercial applications which have been
|
||
ported using Wine?
|
||
|
||
At this time, Corel's WordPerfect Office Suite and
|
||
Deneba's Canvas 7 are known to use Winelib.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
29. How can I detect Wine?
|
||
|
||
You shouldn't need to. If there's a quirk in Wine you
|
||
need to work around, it's better to fix it in Wine.
|
||
|
||
Becoming a Wine developer
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
30. How do I become a Wine developer? What do I need to
|
||
know?
|
||
|
||
If you can program C, that's a good start. Download the
|
||
sources via CVS, subscribe to the mailing lists, look
|
||
around the source, and pay attention to the
|
||
comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine newsgroup and the
|
||
mailing lists. See if there's anything that you think
|
||
you can fix or work on. You won't have much trouble
|
||
finding areas that need work in Wine (grep for FIXMEs
|
||
in the source).
|
||
|
||
About this FAQ
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
31. How recent is this FAQ? Where can I get the latest
|
||
version?
|
||
|
||
This document was last edited Tue Mar 06 01:33:11 EST
|
||
2001. It is available from http://www.winehq.com/
|
||
faq.html.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
32. Who maintains this FAQ? What's its history? How do I
|
||
submit additions?
|
||
|
||
Dave Gardner maintained it from 1995-1998. Douglas
|
||
Ridgway <ridgway@winehq.com>, the current maintainer,
|
||
took it over in 1999. Proposed new questions should be
|
||
sent to him.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
33. What's the copyright on this FAQ? How may I use it?
|
||
|
||
The original Wine FAQ, which this FAQ was based on, was
|
||
copyright <20> 1995-1998 David Gardner. It may be
|
||
reproduced and modified under the same terms as Wine
|
||
itself.
|
||
|
||
Capabilities
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
34. Which programs does Wine currently run?
|
||
|
||
Please see the Apps database.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
35. Are there programs which Wine will never be able to
|
||
run?
|
||
|
||
Wine is designed to allow applications to run, and
|
||
implements an application programming interface. It is
|
||
not designed to interface directly with hardware, which
|
||
is the responsibility of the underlying operating
|
||
system. Wine does not in general allow using Windows
|
||
drivers under Unix. That said, Wine has been used to
|
||
support parallel devices, such as parallel port
|
||
scanners for which no Unix driver is available.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
36. Can I use Wine to access my Winmodem?
|
||
|
||
No. These are usually cheap DAC/ADC boards that comes
|
||
with software that consumes some of the processing
|
||
power of your main CPU instead of letting the hardware
|
||
do its own job of decoding/encoding the acoustic
|
||
signals that carries data over the phone line. The
|
||
software drivers use VxDs to access the hardware, which
|
||
brings us to the previous question, above.
|
||
|
||
See http://www.linmodems.org/ instead.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
37. Will MS Windows programs typically run faster or slower
|
||
under UNIX and Wine than they do under DOS and MS
|
||
Windows? Will certain kinds of programs run slower or
|
||
faster?
|
||
|
||
When work on Wine is completed, programs should
|
||
typically run at about the same speed under Wine as
|
||
they do under DOS and MS Windows. Currently, there are
|
||
debugging features built into each release, and this
|
||
slows down the execution of programs. However, these
|
||
debugging features will be removed for any
|
||
post-development releases.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
38. Are there any advantages or disadvantages to running MS
|
||
Windows applications under Wine that I should be aware
|
||
of?
|
||
|
||
As with OS/2, you will be running MS Windows programs
|
||
under a protected mode operating system, which brings
|
||
certain advantages (and some disadvantages).
|
||
|
||
For instance, there will be crash protection. That is,
|
||
each MS Windows application running under Wine will be
|
||
running in its own X window and its own portion of
|
||
reserved memory. If one MS Windows application crashes,
|
||
it will not crash the other MS Windows or UNIX
|
||
applications that you may have running at the same
|
||
time.
|
||
|
||
However, be aware that some applications are broken and
|
||
they access memory that they haven't properly (or at
|
||
all) allocated. Under OS/2 or Wine, they will crash.
|
||
Under MS Windows, they may work for a period of time,
|
||
but then eventually you will have to reboot the
|
||
machine.
|
||
|
||
Also, MS Windows programs should run at about the same
|
||
speed under Wine as they do under MS Windows.
|
||
|
||
When Wine is finished, you will be able to run your
|
||
favorite MS Windows applications in a UNIX environment.
|
||
However, be aware that any application written for MS
|
||
Windows will run much less efficiently than its native
|
||
UNIX cousin. For Linux, there is a database of such
|
||
applications at the Linux Apps Page.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
39. Will Wine support MS Windows networked applications
|
||
that use winsock.dll?
|
||
|
||
Yes, Wine does support such applications, more so the
|
||
16-bit than the 32-bit version of winsock. Working
|
||
applications include Agent (a Usenet newsreader), mIRC,
|
||
ws-FTP and Internet Explorer.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
40. I'm a software developer who wants to use UNIX to
|
||
develop programs rather than DOS, but I need to write
|
||
DOS and MS Windows programs as well. Will I be able to
|
||
run my favorite DOS and/or MS Windows compilers under
|
||
Wine?
|
||
|
||
Wine now supports DOS applications natively, which
|
||
means that you might be able to run command-line
|
||
utilities. Some have reported success in running (to
|
||
varying degrees of success) various C++ compilers, and
|
||
the Borland Dephi and Turbo Pascal for Windows
|
||
compilers. Others have reported success in running the
|
||
Borland C++ 5.0 command line compiler (bcc) as well as
|
||
some of the debugging tools in the MS SDK, but these
|
||
compilers' IDEs generally do not run yet.
|
||
|
||
What You Need to Run Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
41. Under what hardware platform(s) and operating system(s)
|
||
will Wine run?
|
||
|
||
Wine is being developed specifically to run on the
|
||
Intel x86 class of CPUs under certain UNIXes that run
|
||
on the x86 platform. UNIXes currently being tested for
|
||
Wine compatibility include Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris
|
||
x86. NetBSD, OpenBSD, Unixware, and SCO OpenServer 5
|
||
worked at one time, but Wine now requires kernel-level
|
||
threads which are not currently available (or
|
||
understood by the Wine team) in those platforms. The
|
||
Wine development team hopes to attract the interest of
|
||
other commercial UNIX and UNIX clone vendors as well.
|
||
|
||
There are side efforts underway to port Wine to the
|
||
Alpha, OS/2, and BeOS platforms. You can find out more
|
||
information about the OS/2 port at http://
|
||
www.winehq.com/wine/documentation/wine_os2
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
42. What minimum CPU must I have in my computer to be able
|
||
to run Wine and MS Windows applications smoothly?
|
||
|
||
Wine won't run on any x86 CPU less than an 80386. It is
|
||
known to also work in the 80486 and Pentium CPUs.
|
||
Beyond that, the basic test is, if you can run X11 now,
|
||
you should be able to run Wine and MS Windows
|
||
applications under it. As always, the faster your CPU,
|
||
the better. Having a math coprocessor is unimportant.
|
||
However, having a graphics accelerated video card
|
||
supported by X will help greatly.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
43. How much disk space will the Wine source code and
|
||
binaries take on my hard drive? What other software do
|
||
I need to have installed to compile and run Wine?
|
||
|
||
You need approximately 220 megabytes of free hard drive
|
||
space to store and compile the source code. Wine also
|
||
needs about 18 megs in your /tmp directory.
|
||
|
||
Many development tools need to be installed in order to
|
||
compile Wine. A list of required packages for several
|
||
distributions is included in the README.
|
||
|
||
To run Wine, you will need the following:
|
||
<20><>+<2B>The compiled Wine binary
|
||
<20><>+<2B>A properly configured wine.conf file (or ~/.winerc
|
||
file)
|
||
<20><>+<2B>An installed and working X Window system
|
||
<20><>+<2B>Some MS Windows programs to test
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
44. How much RAM do I need to have on my UNIX system to be
|
||
able to run Wine and MS Windows applications smoothly?
|
||
|
||
If you can run X smoothly on your UNIX system now, you
|
||
should be able to run Wine and MS Windows applications
|
||
just fine too. A typical Wine workstation should
|
||
realistically have at least 16 megabytes of RAM and a
|
||
16 megabyte swap partition. More is better, of course.
|
||
You can run Wine with 8/8, but it is not recommended.
|
||
If you wish to be part of the development team and
|
||
program Wine itself, be aware that the new debugger is
|
||
rather memory intensive. Some have suggested that 64
|
||
megabytes is the minimum RAM needed for Wine
|
||
development, although some are able to work (albeit
|
||
slowly) with 24 megabytes of physical RAM and lots of
|
||
swap space.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
45. I have a Drivespaced, Doublespaced or Stackered DOS
|
||
partition. Can Wine run MS Windows binaries located in
|
||
such a partition?
|
||
|
||
Yes, but only if the operating system supports mounting
|
||
those types of drives.
|
||
|
||
There is a Linux filesystem driver called dmsdos that
|
||
will allow read/write access through Doublespaced and
|
||
Drivespace 1.0 drives. More specifically, it supports
|
||
mounting DOS 6.0 and 6.2 Doublespaced, DOS 6.22
|
||
Drivespaced, and Windows 95 Doublespaced compressed
|
||
partitions (read and write access works fine, but write
|
||
access is slow). It can be found at ftp://
|
||
metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/filesystems/dosfs/.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
46. Do I need to have a DOS partition on my system to use
|
||
Wine? Does MS Windows need to be loaded into that
|
||
partition in order to run MS Windows programs under
|
||
Wine?
|
||
|
||
Unlike Wabi, you do not need a licensed and installed
|
||
copy of DOS or MS Windows to install, configure and run
|
||
Wine. However, Wine has to be able to 'see' an MS
|
||
Windows binary if it is to run it.
|
||
|
||
Some folks have successfully installed and run some
|
||
small programs in their UNIX filesystem without having
|
||
a DOS partition or MS Windows. However, not all
|
||
programs will work this way yet. Some applications'
|
||
installation programs want to distribute some of the
|
||
package's files into the /windows and /windows/system
|
||
directories in order to run, and unless these exist on
|
||
your UNIX filesystem, those programs will not install
|
||
correctly and probably will not run well, if at all.
|
||
|
||
If you have a DOS partition with MS Windows installed
|
||
in it, make sure that your UNIX system can 'see' this
|
||
partition (check your /etc/fstab file or mount the
|
||
partition manually) so that Wine can run the MS Windows
|
||
binaries located in the DOS partition.
|
||
|
||
When it is finished, Wine will not require that you
|
||
have a DOS partition on your system at all, meaning
|
||
that you will not need to have MS Windows installed
|
||
either. Wine programmers will provide an application
|
||
setup program to allow you to install your MS Windows
|
||
programs straight from your distribution diskettes or
|
||
CDs onto your UNIX filesystem, or from within your UNIX
|
||
filesystem if you ftp an MS Windows program over the
|
||
Internet.
|
||
|
||
To run without a DOS partition, you need to set a UNIX
|
||
path to be your drive C, and make sure that the /
|
||
windows and /windows/system directories point to some
|
||
place that actually exist. Here's an example, copied
|
||
from a machine which has no DOS partition but
|
||
successfully runs Wine
|
||
[Drive C]
|
||
Path=/var/lib/wine
|
||
Type=hd
|
||
Label=MS-DOS
|
||
Filesystem=win95
|
||
|
||
[wine]
|
||
Windows=c:\windows
|
||
System=c:\windows\system
|
||
Temp=e:\
|
||
Path=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:
|
||
|
||
In /var/lib/wine/windows, you will need to install a
|
||
win.ini config file that you might find on a typical MS
|
||
Windows 3.1 machine. The directory /var/lib/wine/
|
||
windows/system should exist, but doesn't need to
|
||
contain anything. However, to use MS DLLs, you can copy
|
||
them into that directory.
|
||
|
||
If you have DOS/MS Windows installed on your system,
|
||
you can mount that partition at bootup by modifying the
|
||
file /etc/fstab in your UNIX partition. If you edit
|
||
this file by hand, it should contain something similar
|
||
to the following
|
||
/dev/hda1 /dosc msdos uid=0,gid=100,umask=007 0 0
|
||
|
||
This will allow you to read and write to the DOS
|
||
partition without being root.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
47. If Wine completely replaces MS Windows, will it
|
||
duplicate all of the functions of MS Windows?
|
||
|
||
Most of them, yes. However, some applications and
|
||
applets that come with MS Windows, such as File Manager
|
||
and Calculator, can be considered by some to be
|
||
redundant, since 32-bit UNIX programs that duplicate
|
||
these applets' functions already exist.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
48. Will I be able to install MS Windows applications in
|
||
any flavor of a UNIX filesystem?
|
||
|
||
Wine is written to be filesystem independent, so MS
|
||
Windows applications will install and run under any
|
||
filesystem supported by your brand of UNIX.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
49. Will Wine run only under X, or can it run in character
|
||
mode?
|
||
|
||
Most of Wine's development effort is geared against MS
|
||
Windows' GUI, but some limited support for character
|
||
mode has appeared, by setting GraphicsDriver=ttydrv in
|
||
wine.conf's [wine] section.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
50. Will Wine run under any X window manager? Does it
|
||
require a window manager at all?
|
||
|
||
Wine is window manager independent, so the X window
|
||
manager you choose to run has no bearing on your
|
||
ability to run MS Windows programs under Wine. Wine
|
||
uses standard X libraries, so no additional ones are
|
||
needed. Wine has its own window management, which acts
|
||
like MS Windows. It can be turned off to use the native
|
||
window manager with the -managed command-line switch.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
51. Will 32-bit Windows 95/98 applications run under Wine?
|
||
|
||
Yes, 32-bit programs are now about as well supported as
|
||
16-bit programs.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
52. What about NT specific programs, which use NT-only
|
||
features?
|
||
|
||
These are only poorly supported.
|
||
|
||
How to Find, Install, Configure and Run Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
53. Where can I get Wine?
|
||
|
||
Because of lags created by using mirror, word of this
|
||
newest release may reach you before the release is
|
||
actually available at the ftp sites listed here. The
|
||
sources are available from the following locations:
|
||
<20><>+<2B>ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/wine/
|
||
development/
|
||
<20><>+<2B>ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/Wine/
|
||
development/
|
||
<20><>+<2B>ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/
|
||
ALPHA/wine/development/
|
||
<20><>+<2B>ftp://ftp.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/Wine/development/
|
||
|
||
It should also be available from any site that mirrors
|
||
tsx-11 or metalab (formerly sunsite).
|
||
|
||
Some of these ftp sites may archive previous versions
|
||
of Wine as well as the current one. To determine which
|
||
is the latest one, look at the distribution filename,
|
||
which will take the form Wine-YYMMDD.tar.gz. Simply
|
||
replace YYMMDD in the distribution filename with the
|
||
numbers for year, month and date, respectively. The
|
||
latest one is the one to get.
|
||
|
||
Wine binary packages are available for several OS'es
|
||
and distributions. See http://www.winehq.com/
|
||
download.html for the most recent list.
|
||
|
||
Current Wine sources are also available via anonymous
|
||
client/server CVS. You will need CVS 1.9 or above. If
|
||
you are coming from behind a firewall, you will either
|
||
need a hole in the firewall for the CVS port (2401) or
|
||
use SOCKS. To login to the CVS tree, do
|
||
export CVSROOT=:pserver:cvs@cvs.winehq.com:/home/wine
|
||
cvs login
|
||
|
||
Use "cvs" as the password (without the quotes). Note
|
||
that /home/wine is a path on the server, not on your
|
||
machine.
|
||
|
||
To check out the entire Wine source tree (which may be
|
||
slow), use
|
||
cvs -z 3 checkout wine
|
||
|
||
or if you just want a subtree, or individual file, you
|
||
can do that too with
|
||
cvs -z 3 checkout wine/ANNOUNCE
|
||
|
||
Be aware, though, that getting the entire Wine source
|
||
tree via CVS is pretty slow, especially compared to
|
||
getting Wine from an FTP mirror near you.
|
||
|
||
Patch files are also available, so that you don't have
|
||
to download, install and configure the entire
|
||
distribution each week if you are current to the
|
||
previous release. Patch file release names follow the
|
||
same numbering convention as do the general releases,
|
||
and take the form
|
||
|
||
Wine-YYMMDD.diff.gz
|
||
|
||
Patch files are available from the same sites that
|
||
distribute the full release. To upgrade to a new
|
||
release by using a patch file, first cd to the
|
||
top-level directory of the release (the one containing
|
||
the README file), then do a "make clean", and patch the
|
||
release with
|
||
gunzip -c patch-file | patch -p1
|
||
|
||
where patch-file is the name of the patch file
|
||
something like Wine-YYMMDD.diff.gz. You can then re-run
|
||
./configure, and then run make depend && make.
|
||
|
||
If you are mirroring the Wine distribution from the
|
||
tsx-11 site and wish to be listed here in this FAQ,
|
||
please send email to the FAQ author/maintainer at
|
||
webmaster@winehq.com
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
54. If I do not have an Internet account, how can I get
|
||
Wine?
|
||
|
||
Some CD-ROM archives of Internet sites, notably those
|
||
from Walnut Creek that archive ftp.cdrom.com and
|
||
metalab.unc.edu, may include some versions of Wine on
|
||
their CD releases. However, the age of these
|
||
distributions should always be questioned, as the
|
||
'snapshot' of the ftp site may have been taken anywhere
|
||
from 1-4 months (or more) prior to the CD's pressing
|
||
date.
|
||
|
||
Your best bet to get the very latest distribution of
|
||
Wine, if you do not have your own Internet account, is
|
||
to find a friend who does have an Internet account, and
|
||
have him/her ftp the necessary file(s) for you.
|
||
Unfortunately, since the Wine source no longer fits on
|
||
a 1.44 MB floppy, you'll have to figure out some way to
|
||
transfer the file to your computer.
|
||
|
||
If you have an email account on a BBS that can reach
|
||
the Internet through a gateway, you may be able to use
|
||
'email ftp' to get the Wine release sent to you; check
|
||
with your BBS system operator for details.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
55. How do I install Wine on my hard drive?
|
||
|
||
Just un-gzip and un-tar the file, and follow the
|
||
instructions contained in the README file that will be
|
||
located in the base Wine directory.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
56. How do I compile the Wine distribution source code?
|
||
|
||
See the README for instructions. Additionally, you may
|
||
want to set the TMPDIR environment variable TMPDIR=~/
|
||
tmp or TMPDIR=/tmp (if you are root)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
57. How do I configure Wine to run on my system?
|
||
|
||
Wine requires that you have a file called usr/local/etc
|
||
/wine.conf (you can supply a different filename when
|
||
configuring wine) or a file called .winerc in your home
|
||
directory. The format of this file is explained in the
|
||
wine.conf man page . The file wine.ini contains a
|
||
config file example. More explicit directions can be
|
||
found in the README file that will be located in the
|
||
base Wine directory after you ungzip and untar the
|
||
distribution file.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
58. How do I run an MS Windows program under Wine?
|
||
|
||
When invoking Wine, you must specify the entire path to
|
||
the executable, or by filename only.
|
||
|
||
For example to run Windows' solitaire, type any of the
|
||
following:
|
||
<20><>+<2B>wine sol or wine sol.exe (using the search path to
|
||
locate the file)
|
||
<20><>+<2B>wine c:\\windows\\sol.exe (using a DOS filename)
|
||
<20><>+<2B>wine /usr/windows/sol.exe (using a UNIX filename)
|
||
|
||
The path of the file will also be added to the path
|
||
when a full name is supplied on the command line.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
59. I have installed and configured Wine, but Wine cannot
|
||
find MS Windows on my drive. Where did I go wrong?
|
||
|
||
If you have a DOS partition, first make sure that you
|
||
have mounted it, either by putting the entry into [tt /
|
||
etc/fstab], or by manually mounting it. Remember too
|
||
that unless your version of UNIX can see through it, or
|
||
you are running a utility that can see through it, your
|
||
DOS partition must not be located on a Drivespaced,
|
||
Doublespaced or Stackered partition, as neither Linux,
|
||
FreeBSD, NetBSD or Wine can natively 'see' files
|
||
located in these compressed DOS partitions.
|
||
|
||
Check your path statements in the wine.conf file. No
|
||
capital letters may be used in paths, as they are
|
||
automatically converted to lowercase.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
60. I'm running a DirectX game, but the graphics is slow,
|
||
how can I speed it up?
|
||
|
||
If you're using XFree86, you can take advantage of DGA.
|
||
You must have rw access to /dev/mem to do this. On many
|
||
distributions, you can add yourself to the kmem group.
|
||
Otherwise, you have to change /dev/mem permissions, or
|
||
even play as root.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
61. I think I've found a bug. How do I report this bug to
|
||
the Wine programming team?
|
||
|
||
Bug reports should be posted to the newsgroup
|
||
comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine. See documentation/
|
||
bugreports for a list of what to include. This means at
|
||
least the following:
|
||
<20><>+<2B>The Wine version tested
|
||
<20><>+<2B>The MS Windows program name and, if possible, the
|
||
version number of the software tested
|
||
<20><>+<2B>A brief description of the bug
|
||
<20><>+<2B>The relevant part(s) of the output of the Wine
|
||
debugger
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
62. I was able to get various MS Windows programs to run,
|
||
but parts of them do not work. What is wrong?
|
||
|
||
Wine is not complete at this time, so some of each
|
||
programs' features may not work. They will in time as
|
||
more of the MS Windows API calls are included in Wine.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
63. I have run various MS Windows programs, but since the
|
||
program menus do not work, how can I exit these
|
||
programs?
|
||
|
||
Kill the xterm shell window that you called up to run
|
||
your MS Windows program, and the X window that appeared
|
||
with the program will be killed too.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
64. How do I remove Wine from my computer?
|
||
|
||
All you have to do is to type
|
||
rm -fR \[/path/\]Wine*
|
||
|
||
Make sure that you specify the exact path when using
|
||
the powerful 'rm -fR' command. If you are afraid that
|
||
you might delete something important, or might
|
||
otherwise delete other files within your filesystem, cd
|
||
into each Wine subdirectory singly and delete the files
|
||
found there manually, one file or directory at a time.
|
||
Neither the Wine developers and programmers, nor the
|
||
Wine FAQ author/maintainer, can be held responsible for
|
||
your deleting any files in your own filesystem.
|
||
|
||
How to Get Help with Wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
65. Is there a Usenet newsgroup for Wine?
|
||
|
||
Yes, and it's called comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine.
|
||
The newsgroup serves as a place for developers to
|
||
discuss Wine, and for minor announcements for the
|
||
general public. Major announcements will be crossposted
|
||
to other appropriate newsgroups, such as the following
|
||
comp.os.linux.announce comp.windows.x.announce
|
||
comp.emulators.announce If your Usenet site does not
|
||
carry these newsgroups, please urge your ISP's sysadmin
|
||
and/or uplink to add them.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
66. Is there a World Wide Web site for Wine?
|
||
|
||
Here are a few
|
||
<20><>+<2B>WineHQ The official site.
|
||
<20><>+<2B>http://www.qbc.clic.net/~krynos/wine_en.html
|
||
|
||
If you are installing or maintain a WWW page pertaining
|
||
to Wine that you feel would be useful for others to
|
||
read, please inform the FAQ author/maintainer at
|
||
webmaster@winehq.com.
|
||
|
||
How You Can Help with the Wine Project
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
67. How can I help contribute to the Wine project, and in
|
||
what way(s)?
|
||
|
||
You can contribute programming skills, or monetary or
|
||
equipment donations, to aid the Wine developers in
|
||
reaching their goals. To find out who, what, where,
|
||
when and why, please post your desire to contribute to
|
||
the newsgroup comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
68. I want to help beta test Wine. How can I do this?
|
||
|
||
Beta testers are currently not needed, as Wine is still
|
||
Alpha code at this time. However, anyone is welcome to
|
||
download the latest version and try it out at any time.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
69. I have written some code that I would like to submit to
|
||
the Wine project. How do I go about doing this?
|
||
|
||
Patches are greatly appreciated and should be submitted
|
||
to the wine-patches mailing list. Also see this page
|
||
for a description of what happens to submitted patches.
|
||
|
||
Who's Responsible for Wine?
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
70. Who is responsible for writing and maintaining the Wine
|
||
source code?
|
||
|
||
Wine is available thanks to the work of many people.
|
||
Please see the file AUTHORS in the distribution for the
|
||
complete list.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
71. Who are the folks and organizations who have
|
||
contributed money or equipment to the Wine project?
|
||
|
||
People and organizations who have given generous
|
||
contributions of money, equipment, or licenses, include
|
||
<20><>+<2B>David L. Harper
|
||
<20><>+<2B>Bob Hepple
|
||
<20><>+<2B>Mark A. Horton
|
||
<20><>+<2B>Kevin P. Lawton
|
||
<20><>+<2B>the Syntropy Institute
|
||
<20><>+<2B>James Woulfe
|
||
<20><>+<2B>vmWare Inc.
|
||
<20><>+<2B>Corel
|
||
|