1802 lines
31 KiB
HTML
1802 lines
31 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>Linux Distributions</TITLE
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><META
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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>The Linux FAQ</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="sect1"
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><H1
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CLASS="sect1"
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><A
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NAME="linux-distributions"
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></A
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>7. Linux Distributions</H1
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><DIV
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CLASS="qandaset"
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><DL
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#where-do-i-start"
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>How Do I Get Started?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#how-much-hard-disk-space-does-linux-need"
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>What are the Disk Space Requirements for Minimal, Server, and Workstation Use?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#how-much-memory-does-linux-need"
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>What are the Minimum and Maximum Memory Requirements?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#what-is-best"
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>What Is the Best Distribution, SCSI Card, Editor, CD-ROM Drive, etc?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#how-to-get-a-distro"
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>How Can I Get a Distribution?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#get-linux-material-by-ftp"
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>Where Are the Linux FTP Archives?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#install-linux-using-ftp"
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>How Do I Install Linux Using FTP?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#i-dont-have-ftp-access"
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>How Can I Get Linux Without FTP Access?</A
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></DT
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><DT
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>Q: <A
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#how-to-install"
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>How Do I Install Linux?</A
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></DT
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></DL
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><DIV
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CLASS="qandaentry"
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><DIV
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CLASS="question"
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><P
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><A
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NAME="where-do-i-start"
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></A
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><B
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>Q: </B
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>How Do I Get Started?</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="answer"
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><P
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><B
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>A: </B
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>If you are new to Linux, you should start by buying or downloading a
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general-purpose Linux distribution. A distribution is a complete operating
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system, including the Linux kernel and all the utilities and software you are
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likely to need, ready to install and use. Most distributions include thousands
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of software packages, including user-friendly desktops, office suites, and games.
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</P
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><P
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>There are a handful of major Linux distributions, and as a beginner you are
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probably safer using one of them. For information about them, and how they
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are installed, see the <I
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CLASS="citetitle"
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>Distributions-HOWTO</I
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> from the Linux Documentation
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Project. Also, a list of distributions is updated weekly at <A
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HREF="http://lwn.net"
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TARGET="_top"
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><I
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CLASS="citetitle"
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>http://lwn.net</I
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></A
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>.
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</P
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><P
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>Before you select which distribution you want to try, read their descriptions
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carefully and compare them to your needs. Each distribution is tailored to a
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particular type of user. Some are optimized to function as servers, some are
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optimized for gaming, and some are optimized for desktop and office use.
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</P
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><P
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>There are a few distributions which are considered to be outstanding choices
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for new users:
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</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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><LI
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><P
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>Red Hat is particularly good for servers
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Mandrake is excellent as a desktop system
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>SuSE is also excellent as a desktop system
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</P
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></LI
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></UL
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><P
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>There are also a large number of releases which are distributed less globally
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that suit special local and national needs. Many of them are archived at
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<A
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HREF="ftp://ftp.tux.org"
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TARGET="_top"
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><I
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CLASS="citetitle"
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>ftp://ftp.tux.org</I
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></A
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>.
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</P
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="qandaentry"
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><DIV
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CLASS="question"
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><P
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><A
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NAME="how-much-hard-disk-space-does-linux-need"
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></A
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><B
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>Q: </B
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>What are the Disk Space Requirements for Minimal, Server, and Workstation Use?</P
|
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="answer"
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><P
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><B
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>A: </B
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>Linux needs about 10Mb for a very minimal installation,
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suitable for trying Linux, and not much else.
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</P
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><P
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>You can fit a typical server installation, including the X Window System GUI,
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into 80Mb.
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Installing a small Debian GNU/Linux workstation takes from 500Mb to 1GB,
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including kernel source code, some space for user files, and spool areas.
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</P
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><P
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>Installing a commercial distribution that has a desktop GUI environment,
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commercial word processor, and front-office productivity suite, will claim
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15.1 GB of disk space, approximately.
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</P
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><P
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>A fully installed Debian GNU/Linux system could use several Gigabytes
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of disk space.
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</P
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="qandaentry"
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><DIV
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CLASS="question"
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><P
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><A
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NAME="how-much-memory-does-linux-need"
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></A
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><B
|
|
>Q: </B
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>What are the Minimum and Maximum Memory Requirements?</P
|
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></DIV
|
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><DIV
|
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CLASS="answer"
|
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><P
|
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><B
|
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>A: </B
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>Linux needs at least 4MB, and then you will need to use special installation procedures
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until the disk swap space is installed. Linux will run comfortably in 4MB of
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RAM, although running GUI apps is impractically slow because they need to
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swap out to disk.
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</P
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><P
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>Some applications, like StarOffice, require 32 MB of physical memory, and
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compiling C++ code can easily consume over 100 MB of combined physical and
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virtual memory.
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</P
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><P
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>There is a distribution, "Small Linux", that will run on machines with 2MB of
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RAM. Refer to the answer to: <A
|
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HREF="linux-distributions.html#get-linux-material-by-ftp"
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><I
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>Where Are the Linux FTP Archives?</I
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></A
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>.
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</P
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><P
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>A number of people have asked how to address more than 64 MB of memory, which
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is the default upper limit in most standard kernels. Either type, at the
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<TT
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CLASS="literal"
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>BOOT lilo:</TT
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> prompt:
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</P
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><P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
|
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
|
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CLASS="screen"
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>mem=XXM</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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</P
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><P
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>Or place the following in your <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
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> file:
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</P
|
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><TABLE
|
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BORDER="0"
|
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
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WIDTH="100%"
|
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
|
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><PRE
|
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CLASS="programlisting"
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> append="mem=XXM" </PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
|
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>The parameter "<EM
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>XX</EM
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>M" is the amount of memory, specified
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as megabytes; for example, "128M."
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</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>If an "<TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>append=</TT
|
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>" directive with other configuration options
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already exists in <TT
|
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CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
|
|
>, then add the
|
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<TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>mem=</TT
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> directive to the end of the existing argument, and
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separated from the previous arguments by a space; e.g.:
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</P
|
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><TABLE
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
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><FONT
|
|
COLOR="#000000"
|
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><PRE
|
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CLASS="programlisting"
|
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># Example only; do not use.
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append="parport=0x3bc,none serial=0x3f8,4 mem=XXM"</PRE
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></FONT
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
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></TABLE
|
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><P
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>Be sure to run the "<B
|
|
CLASS="command"
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|
>lilo</B
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>" command to install the new
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configuration.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>If Linux still doesn't recognize the extra memory, the kernel may need
|
|
additional configuration. Refer to the <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/usr/src/linux/Documentation/memory.txt</TT
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|
>
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file in the kernel source as a start.
|
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</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>For further information about LILO, refer to the manual pages for
|
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<B
|
|
CLASS="command"
|
|
>lilo</B
|
|
> and <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>lilo.conf</TT
|
|
>, the documentation
|
|
in <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/usr/doc/lilo</TT
|
|
>, the <I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>LILO-HOWTO</I
|
|
>, and the answer for:
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<A
|
|
HREF="booting.html#boot-time-parameters"
|
|
><I
|
|
>How Do I Set the Boot-Time Configuration?</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>, below.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
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></DIV
|
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><DIV
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|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
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><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
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><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="what-is-best"
|
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></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>What Is the Best Distribution, SCSI Card, Editor, CD-ROM Drive, etc?</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>The "best" of anything depends on your particular needs. Discussions like these
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frequently occur on Usenet. Most often they're flame bait. Answering is
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generally a waste of time. Free software licensing is unrestrictive enough,
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that, with a little experience, you can perform your own testing on your own
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hosts.
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</P
|
|
><P
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|
>A better way to phrase a specific inquiry might be: "Where can I find...."
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</P
|
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></DIV
|
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></DIV
|
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><DIV
|
|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
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><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
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><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="how-to-get-a-distro"
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></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>How Can I Get a Distribution?</P
|
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></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
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CLASS="answer"
|
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><P
|
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><B
|
|
>A: </B
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>If you can, please dig into your wallet and buy a copy of your distribution.
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Linux distributions are extremely inexpensive - usually around $30 for a complete
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system, and anywhere from $70 to around $150 for a larger system with more server
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software or development tools. Even the $30 "basic" systems contain the equivalent
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of thousands of dollars in proprietary tools, and are an incredible value.
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The distributors invest many of your dollars into further development, and most
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of them fund outside open source projects.
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</P
|
|
><P
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|
>Commercial distributions are available from book and electronics stores,
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or you can order from their websites.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>If you use Debian GNU/Linux, which is a volunteer project and a non-profit,
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you can donate directly to them instead.
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</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
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><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>There are some websites that sell Linux CD's very inexpensively. Try:
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</P
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
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><LI
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><P
|
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><A
|
|
HREF="http://www.cheapbytes.com"
|
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TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://www.cheapbytes.com</I
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|
></A
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|
>
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</P
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|
></LI
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|
></UL
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>Every distribution provides a download on their home page.
|
|
This is a requirement of the licensing terms of the software,
|
|
so if you cannot afford to pay for your distribution, you can get a copy this way.
|
|
Some people compromise between paying and downloading,
|
|
for example by buying each major release (such as 6.0) but downloading the
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point releases (such as 6.1 and 6.2).
|
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</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>Also, archives of many of the distributions are on line at:
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.tux.org"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.tux.org</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> and <A
|
|
HREF="http://planetmirror.com/pub/linux"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://planetmirror.com/pub/linux</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
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</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>Some hardware vendors now ship systems with Linux pre-installed.
|
|
However, they sometimes make it very difficult to buy them -
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|
they offer Linux on only a few systems, which are server machines,
|
|
or they require you to go to a special "Linux" section on their website.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="get-linux-material-by-ftp"
|
|
></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>Where Are the Linux FTP Archives?</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>There are three main archive sites for Linux:
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/</I
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|
></A
|
|
> (Finland).
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="http://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US), with a nice WWW interface.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu//pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu//pub/linux/</I
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|
></A
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|
> (US).
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
><P
|
|
>The best place to get the Linux kernel is
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
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CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>. Linus Torvalds uploads the most
|
|
recent kernel versions to this site.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>Of the U.S. distributions, Debian GNU/Linux is available at
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://www.debian.org/distrib/"
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|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
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CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://www.debian.org/distrib/</I
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|
></A
|
|
>. Red Hat Linux's home site is
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.redhat.com/"
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|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.redhat.com/</I
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|
></A
|
|
>, and Linux Slackware's is
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.freesoftware.com/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.freesoftware.com/</I
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|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>The Small Linux distribution, which can run in 2 MB of RAM, is located at
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://smalllinux.netpedia.net/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://smalllinux.netpedia.net/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>The contents of these sites is mirrored (copied, usually approximately daily)
|
|
by a number of other sites. Please use a site close to you will be faster
|
|
for you and easier on the network.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
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><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (South Africa)
|
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</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
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|
><P
|
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><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.is.co.za/linux/sunsite/"
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|
TARGET="_top"
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|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.is.co.za/linux/sunsite/</I
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|
></A
|
|
> (South Africa)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
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|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.cuhk.hk/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.cs.cuhk.hk/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Hong Kong)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
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|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://sunsite.ust.hk/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://sunsite.ust.hk/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Hong Kong)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.spin.ad.jp/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.spin.ad.jp/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Japan)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.nuri.net/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.nuri.net/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Korea)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.jaring.my/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.jaring.my/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Malaysia)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.nus.sg/pub/unix/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.nus.sg/pub/unix/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Singapore)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Thailand)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://planetmirror.com/pub/linux"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://planetmirror.com/pub/linux</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Australia) (Also take a look at <A
|
|
HREF="http://planetmirror.com/archives.php"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://planetmirror.com/archives.php</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Australia)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.univie.ac.at/systems/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.univie.ac.at/systems/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Austria)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/Unix/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/Unix/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Czech Republic)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Finland)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.univ-angers.fr/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.univ-angers.fr/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (France)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.iut-bm.univ-fcomte.fr/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.iut-bm.univ-fcomte.fr/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (France)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (France)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.loria.fr/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.loria.fr/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (France)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.dfv.rwth-aachen.de/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.dfv.rwth-aachen.de/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/os/Linux/Mirror.SunSITE/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/os/Linux/Mirror.SunSITE/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.tu-dresden.de/pub/Linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.tu-dresden.de/pub/Linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/Linux/MIRROR.sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/Linux/MIRROR.sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/mirrors/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/mirrors/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/pub/linux/mirror.sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/pub/linux/mirror.sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.ba-mannheim.de/pub/linux/mirror.sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.ba-mannheim.de/pub/linux/mirror.sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/Mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/Mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.uni-rostock.de/Linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.uni-rostock.de/Linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.rus.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/unix/systems/linux/MIRROR.sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.rus.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/unix/systems/linux/MIRROR.sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.uni-tuebingen.de/pub/linux/Mirror.sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.uni-tuebingen.de/pub/linux/Mirror.sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Germany)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.kfki.hu/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Hungary)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://linux.italnet.it/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://linux.italnet.it/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Italy)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Italy)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://giotto.unipd.it/pub/unix/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://giotto.unipd.it/pub/unix/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Italy)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://cnuce-arch.cnr.it/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://cnuce-arch.cnr.it/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Italy)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/mirror2/metalab.unc.edu/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.flashnet.it/mirror2/metalab.unc.edu/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Italy)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.nijenrode.nl/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.nijenrode.nl/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Netherlands)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.LeidenUniv.nl/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.LeidenUniv.nl/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Netherlands)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.nvg.unit.no/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.nvg.unit.no/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Norway)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/metalab.unc.edu/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/metalab.unc.edu/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Poland)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.rediris.es/software/os/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.rediris.es/software/os/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://sunsite.rediris.es/software/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://sunsite.rediris.es/software/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.cs.us.es/pub/Linux/sunsite-mirror/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.cs.us.es/pub/Linux/sunsite-mirror/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/mirror/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.etse.urv.es/pub/mirror/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.luna.gui.es/pub/linux.new/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.luna.gui.es/pub/linux.new/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Spain)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.metu.edu.tr/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.metu.edu.tr/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Turkey)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk/mirrors/sunsite/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk/mirrors/sunsite/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (UK)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.maths.warwick.ac.uk/mirrors/linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.maths.warwick.ac.uk/mirrors/linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (UK)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.idiscover.co.uk/pub/Linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.idiscover.co.uk/pub/Linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (UK)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/packages/linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/packages/linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (UK)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.io.org/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.io.org/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Canada)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.cc.gatech.edu/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.cc.gatech.edu/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.freesoftware.com/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.freesoftware.com/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.siriuscc.com/pub/Linux/Sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.siriuscc.com/pub/Linux/Sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.engr.uark.edu/pub/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.engr.uark.edu/pub/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (US)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://linux.if.usp.br/pub/mirror/metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://linux.if.usp.br/pub/mirror/metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Brazil)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="ftp://farofa.ime.usp.br/pub/linux/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://farofa.ime.usp.br/pub/linux/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> (Brazil)
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
><P
|
|
>Please send updates and corrections to this list to the Linux FAQ maintainer,
|
|
see <A
|
|
HREF="intro.html#feedback"
|
|
><I
|
|
>Asking Questions and Sending Comments</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
Not all of these mirror all of the other "source" sites,
|
|
and some have material not available on the "source" sites.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="install-linux-using-ftp"
|
|
></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>How Do I Install Linux Using FTP?</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>Most distributions are too large and complex to
|
|
make FTP installation practical. Installing a basic Linux system that doesn't
|
|
have a GUI or major applications is possible with FTP, however. The main
|
|
non-commercial distribution in use is Debian GNU/Linux, and this answer
|
|
describes an installation of a basic Debian system, to which you can add
|
|
other Linux applications and commercial software as necessary.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>This answer describes installation on IBM-compatible machines with an Intel
|
|
x86 or Pentium processor. You will need a machine with at least a 80386
|
|
processor, 8 Mb of memory, and about 100 Mb of disk space. More memory and a
|
|
larger disk is necessary however, for practical everyday use.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>For other hardware, substitute "-arm", "-ppc", "-m68k", or other
|
|
abbreviation in directory names for "-i386".
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>For detailed and hardware-specific information refer to:
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Connect to
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://ftp.debian.org/dists/stable/main/disks-i386/current/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://ftp.debian.org/dists/stable/main/disks-i386/current/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
If you use anonymous FTP, connect to
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/disks-i386/current/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/disks-i386/current/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Choose the <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>images-*/</TT
|
|
> subdirectory that matches the type of floppy drive
|
|
installed on your machine, if unsure try <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>images-1.44/</TT
|
|
>. Retrieve the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>rescue.bin</TT
|
|
>, <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>root.bin</TT
|
|
>, and <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>driver-*.bin</TT
|
|
> disk images.
|
|
Once you have installed those floppy images, the rest of the system can be retrieved
|
|
from a Debian mirror site, or installed from CD. If you have a Linux
|
|
machine, you can use dd to write the images to the diskettes. If you
|
|
are creating the installation diskettes on a MS-DOS machine, also
|
|
download the <B
|
|
CLASS="command"
|
|
>RAWRITE.EXE</B
|
|
> MS-DOS utility, which will copy the raw binary
|
|
images to floppy disks. Also download the <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>install.en.txt</TT
|
|
> document, which
|
|
contains the detailed installation instructions.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Create the installation disk set on floppies using either <B
|
|
CLASS="command"
|
|
>dd</B
|
|
> under
|
|
Linux (e.g.: <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>dd if=resc1440.bin of=/dev/fd0</TT
|
|
>), or the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>RAWRITE.EXE</TT
|
|
> utility under MS-DOS. Be sure to label each
|
|
installation diskette.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Insert the rescue diskette into the floppy drive and reboot the computer. If all goes well, the
|
|
Linux kernel will boot, and you will be able start the installation program
|
|
by pressing <B
|
|
CLASS="keycap"
|
|
>Enter</B
|
|
> at the <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>boot:</TT
|
|
> prompt.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Follow the on-screen instructions for
|
|
partitioning the hard disk, installing device drivers, the basic system
|
|
software, and the Linux kernel. If the machine is connected to a local
|
|
network, enter the network information when the system asks for it.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>To install additional software over the
|
|
Internet, be sure that you have installed the <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>ppp</TT
|
|
> module
|
|
during the installation process, and run (as root) the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/usr/sbin/pppconfig</TT
|
|
> utility. You will need to provide
|
|
your user name with your ISP, your password, the ISP's dial-up phone number,
|
|
the address(es) of the ISP's Domain Name Service, and the serial port that
|
|
your modem is connected to, <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/dev/ttyS0</TT
|
|
> <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/dev/ttyS3</TT
|
|
>. Be sure also
|
|
to specify the <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>defaultroute</TT
|
|
> option to the PPP system, so
|
|
the computer knows to use the PPP connection for remote Internet addresses.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>You may have to perform additional
|
|
configuration on the PPP scripts in the <TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/etc/ppp</TT
|
|
>
|
|
subdirectory, and in particular, the ISP-specific script in the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="filename"
|
|
>/etc/ppp/peers</TT
|
|
> subdirectory. There are basic
|
|
instructions in each script. For detailed information, refer to the
|
|
Debian/GNU Linux installation instructions that you downloaded, the pppd
|
|
manual page (type <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>man pppd</TT
|
|
>), and the <I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>PPP
|
|
HOWTO</I
|
|
> from the Linux Documentation project,
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://tldp.org/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://tldp.org/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
|
><P
|
|
>Once you have a PPP connection established with your ISP (it
|
|
will be displayed in the output of ifconfig), use the dselect program to
|
|
specify which additional software you want to install. Use the
|
|
<B
|
|
CLASS="command"
|
|
>apt</B
|
|
> <TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>[A]ccess</TT
|
|
> option to retrieve
|
|
packages via anonymous FTP, and make sure to use the
|
|
<TT
|
|
CLASS="literal"
|
|
>[U]pdate</TT
|
|
> option to retrieve a current list of packages
|
|
from the FTP archive.
|
|
</P
|
|
></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="i-dont-have-ftp-access"
|
|
></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>How Can I Get Linux Without FTP Access?</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>The easiest thing is probably to find a friend with FTP access. If there is a Linux user's group near you, they may be able to help.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>If you have a reasonably good email
|
|
connection, you could try the FTP-by-mail servers at
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="mailto:ftpmail@ftp.sunet.se"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftpmail@ftp.sunet.se</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>, or
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="mailto:ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>Linux is also available via traditional mail on CD-ROM. The file
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>, and the file
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Distribution-HOWTO"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Distribution-HOWTO</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> contain information on these distributions.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="qandaentry"
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="question"
|
|
><P
|
|
><A
|
|
NAME="how-to-install"
|
|
></A
|
|
><B
|
|
>Q: </B
|
|
>How Do I Install Linux?</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>Once you obtain a distribution, it will contain instructions on installation.
|
|
Each distribution has its own installation program.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>There is a very thorough installation guide on line at
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/linux.html"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/linux.html</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="answer"
|
|
><P
|
|
><B
|
|
>A: </B
|
|
>Some distributions (e.g., Debian GNU/Linux) can be installed via anonymous
|
|
FTP from various Linux archive sites, but unless you have cable, DSL,
|
|
or some other broadband Internet access, the size of the distribution makes this impractical.
|
|
See <A
|
|
HREF="linux-distributions.html#get-linux-material-by-ftp"
|
|
><I
|
|
>Where Are the Linux FTP Archives?</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
><P
|
|
>Postings on the Usenet News groups, including the FAQ, are archived on
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="http://groups.google.com/"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>http://groups.google.com/</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>. Search for
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="news:comp.os.linux"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>news:comp.os.linux</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>,
|
|
<A
|
|
HREF="news:alt.uu.comp.os.linux"
|
|
TARGET="_top"
|
|
><I
|
|
CLASS="citetitle"
|
|
>news:alt.uu.comp.os.linux</I
|
|
></A
|
|
> and their subgroups, or whatever is appropriate, to
|
|
retrieve articles from the Linux News groups. See <A
|
|
HREF="online-resources.html#what-newsgroups"
|
|
><I
|
|
>What News Groups Are There for Linux?</I
|
|
></A
|
|
>.
|
|
</P
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
|
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
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