1100 lines
37 KiB
HTML
1100 lines
37 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<html> <head>
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<title> The Back Page LG #69</title>
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</head>
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<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#0000AF"
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ALINK="#FF0000">
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<CENTER>
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<A HREF="http://www.linuxgazette.com/">
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<H1><IMG ALT="LINUX GAZETTE" SRC="../gx/lglogo.png"
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WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="124" border="0"></H1></A>
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<!-- *** BEGIN navbar *** -->
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<IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/left.jpg" WIDTH="14" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"><A HREF="spiel.html"><IMG ALT="[ Prev ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/prev.jpg" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Table of Contents ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/toc.jpg" WIDTH="220" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><A HREF="../index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Front Page ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/frontpage.jpg" WIDTH="137" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="../faq/index.html"><IMG ALT="[ FAQ ]" SRC="./../gx/navbar/faq.jpg"WIDTH="62" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/right.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="bottom">
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<P>
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</CENTER>
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<!--endcut ============================================================-->
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<H4 ALIGN="center">
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"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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</H4>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<H1><font color="maroon">The Back Page</font></H1>
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<ul>
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<li><a HREF="#wacko">Wacko Topic of the Month</a>
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<li><a HREF="#nottag">Not The Answer Gang</a>
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<li><a HREF="#spam">World of Spam</a>
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</ul>
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<a name="wacko"></a>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--====================================================================-->
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<center><H3><font color="maroon">Wacko Topic of the Month</font></H3></center>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--====================================================================-->
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<FONT COLOR="purple">
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[Ben] O'course, "linux" _could_ just be another type of rhubard... <sic<
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*that* would explain some things. :)
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</FONT>
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<a name="nottag"></a>
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<P> <hr> <P>
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<!--====================================================================-->
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<center><H3><font color="maroon">Not The Answer Gang</font></H3></center>
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<P> <HR> <P>
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<!--======================================================================-->
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<P>
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<H3 ALIGN="center">Homework assignment: reading directions</H3>
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<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Iron
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</strong></FONT></p>
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<STRONG>
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question 1. using the man page on a linux work station identify four flags that
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can be supplied to the shutdown command . giving the description of each flag.
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<P> question 2. using the man page on linux work station find out what three
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options can be used with the Is command .include a brief descrption of how the
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output will be formatted.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Iron]
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It says right in the question what to do. Which part of "using the man page" do
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you not understand?
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<P> But here's a hint: there is no 'Is' command. Do you mean 'ls'? But it has a lot more than
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three options.
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<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
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<H3 ALIGN="center">Homework assignment: American colonists</H3>
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<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Frank Rodolf, Heather
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Stern, Iron and Huibert Alblas
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</strong></FONT></p>
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<STRONG>
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1 question
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<P> what methods did colonists use to protest actions by parliament between 1765
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and 1775
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Frank]
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Hmm... Lets see if a European can answer that...
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<P> My first guess was they dropped penguins in the parliamentary buildings. I
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don't think that is correct though.
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<P> I guess you did not realize you were sending this question to a list that is
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about helping people with problems with Linux, a computer operating system,
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not a homework help line. :)
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<P> You might go to a search engine - www.google.com might be a good choice, and
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search for (for instance):
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rebellion 1765-1775
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Heather]
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We (The Answer Gang)
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are not a study group. Most especially not a USA
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History 101 study group.
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<P> The only way you could have found us is because we:
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<OL>
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<LI> regularly advise people asking us questions that are
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poorly phrased to "do their homework first".
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<LI> advise people who send us pieces of their computing
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exams in college that they can ask us these things,
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but it's no substitute for doing their homework. We
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then welcome them to read the rest of the Gazette.
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</OL>
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<P> Ask instead:
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<H4>Q.</H4>
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What methods did high school and college students use
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to study the late 1700s before the internet promised
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them a fast answer to everything?
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<H4>A.</H4>
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Books. There is probably a library near you. Failing
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that the textbook that was suggested by your professor
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may have the answer in it, or a bibliography leading
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to more useful books. Reading such books and thereby
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gaining an understanding of the question and its
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answers... there may be many... is called "research"
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and you can probably do an internet search on any
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buzzwords you find that way.
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<P> Good luck in your quest. And your quizzes.
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Iron]
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The Boston tea party.
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<P> That inspired the Silicon Valley tea party some 200 years later.
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<A HREF="http://www.svlug.org/events/tea-party-199811.shtml">
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http://www.svlug.org/events/tea-party-199811.shtml</A>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Halb]
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Nope, actualy the colonist were sick and tired from the English trying
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to impose somekind off copyrightlisencefees and taxes on
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software,mp3,linux,_stamps_,and everything but the kitchensink.
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<P> The colonist reacted in not using M$-windows anymore and burning some
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MP3 cd's.
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<P> Get the real story on:
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<A HREF="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?euq187&tocid=0">
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?euq187&tocid=0</A>
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<P> This Brittanica thing is quite good, I wish it had been there back then
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when I was supposed to do my history homework.....
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Iron]
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Never mind the irony of looking up the American Revolution in a British
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encyclopedia!
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<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
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<H3 ALIGN="center">Homework assignment: modernizing an office</H3>
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<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Heather Stern
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</strong></FONT></p>
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<STRONG>
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respected sir;(to whom it may concern)
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i have visited ur webpage
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Heather]
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You may have visited them, but you haven't read them... or you'd know we
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don't answer for the operating systems you have asked about. Or else you
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don't mind taking a few flames, because you hope there will be a useful
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tidbit anyway. If that's so, please read onward.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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ir i am student of IT and want ur help in solving my college assignment, as
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it is tecnically advanced ur i think u can give me help.
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points of the asssignments are;
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</STRONG>
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<P>
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With a certain amount of rolling our eyes towards the heavens... who told
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you to mail us?
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If you just found us in some search engine, that would be because the
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buzzword "homework" is part of the commonly used phrases here:
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<UL>
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<LI> SO you have some homework to do.
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<LI> Trying to get us to do your homework, eh?
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</UL>
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When we answer these sorts of questions it is nearly always with some
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better places to look. The
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<A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/">Linux Documentation Project</A>, for
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instance.
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<P> Shall we send a carbon copy of this message to your professor, too?
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<P> I think you can stand to read the back issues of the Linux Gazette in some
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detail. This is a very old practice in schools called "research". I've
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heard that some people get better answers from technical forums when they
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try to do some of it before just dumping their take-home exam in someone
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else's lap.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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The company is tradionalist in information privacy, security, and the
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applications of new technologies: so
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<P> 1)if i am doing job in World computer inc.and i have to upgrade the system
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into modern arena
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</STRONG>
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<P> Can't "up" grade until you know what you want it to do. If it is already
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doing its job well, "up" grading it is a waste of your time, and annoys
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the users.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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Q1)from security point of view ...
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</STRONG>
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<P> To quote another member of The Answer Gang:
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<blockquote>
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"Security is the enforcement of policy. First you must set
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policy, then you can try to enforce it."
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</blockquote>
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<P> Not all security policies are about computers - for those, there is only
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a slight amount software can do.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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... which software is better Sun solaris or Windows NT.and which of them
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can better ...
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</STRONG>
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<P> can [verb] better?
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We don't care which of those two is better - FOR WHAT? - this is the
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<EM>LINUX</EM> Gazette.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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...in the environment of data processsing deapartmant.
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</STRONG>
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<P> I hope you would better know the context of a data processing department
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than I would, because those aren't the kind of sites I work with most. I
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have no idea if COBOL exists for either one.
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<P> But you might try Celeste Stokely's home page, it has much more general
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UNIX related information. And some humor.
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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so plz give me strengths and of the software u recommend----?
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</STRONG>
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<P> Yes, if you're used to Sun versions of UNIX, try Slackware as your Linux
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distribution. It's very "BSDish" which means some of its commands may be
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more comfortable to use. KDE or Openlook window managers might resemble
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the default X interfaces found on Suns. And you'll need Samba to talk to
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those NT domains...
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<P> Oh what the heck, here's a bonus tip: Samba works on Solaris too, so you
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can have that Solaris box talk to NT boxen. You could use *both*...
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<P>
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<STRONG>
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sir i would be very gr8ful to u if u give me some suggestions as soon
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possible because i have to submit this assignment after 2 days.
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</STRONG>
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<P> The Answer Gang does not promise anybody any answer at all, timely or
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otherwise. If we do, we can publish them on the Linux Gazette website.
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THE ANSWERS WILL BE ABOUT LINUX. Tell your friends we are not a college
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study group.
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<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
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<H3 ALIGN="center">Loans</H3>
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<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Ben Okopnik
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</strong></FONT></p>
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<STRONG>
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Dear Sir:
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Please send infor on how to apply for a student loan.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Ben]
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<OL>
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<LI> Get the paperwork.
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<LI> Using a #2 pencil, fill it out.
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<LI> Submit it to the proper agency.
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</OL>
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<P> Hint: If you don't learn to spell the word "information" properly, you
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won't be able to apply for a number of the available courses,
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especially in the field of computing. <EM>Verbum sapienti</EM>, eh?
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<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
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<H3 ALIGN="center">Pagers</H3>
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<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Heather Stern
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</strong></FONT></p>
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<STRONG>
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I need some basic information on how pagers work. I would appreciate it if you
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could help me out by showing me some links on the related subject, or by mailing
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me any diagram or .pdf file containig any information about it. Thanks a lot.
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</STRONG></P>
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<P>
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<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
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HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
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> [Heather]
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They work just like cellphones, except that they don't eat as much, so
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when they are on their lunch break, they get to hang out by the coffee
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for a bit longer. They like that because they can catch the local buzz.
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<P> Honestly, the reason they don't eat as much is usually because the cell
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phones regularly "ping" their cell site to make sure they don't have
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to negotiate a handoff in order to keep listening, while pagers are
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usally passive and they get whatever signal they get. So they only
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use a tiny amount of juice to remember messages they already recieved,
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and to ding or buzz or whatever it is they do.
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<P> Two way pagers may act more like cellphones, and some cellphones are
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definitely pagers too, so beyond this, you need to hit the web searching
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on the model number. Some even let you web browse but even there, you
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are still not close to Linux. See the search engines, using the keyword
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"WAP" for more about that stuff.
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<P> Try "how pagers work" in google?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<H3 ALIGN="center">The TAG skirmish</H3>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Ben Okopnik, Heather
|
|||
|
Stern, Jim Dennis and Iron
|
|||
|
</strong></FONT></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Sudhakar An asked:
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
Gazette's July issue was pretty interesting. Jim I
|
|||
|
assume you literally had a quarrel with Ben heh?
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
Yeah... he got in a fairly good lick with that bullwhip, but I'm pretty
|
|||
|
fast with the nunchucks. We'll both be out of the hospital in no time at
|
|||
|
all; the No-Holds Barred Smackdown rematch is already sold out, we're
|
|||
|
both making a fortune on the t-shirts and the pre-printed mousepads, and
|
|||
|
the crowds are screaming for blood.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I've *heard* that there are people that can disagree and remain
|
|||
|
friends... but I'm sure that it's a myth; "Death before Dishonor", I
|
|||
|
always say.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> <laugh> I'm _very_ interested in how you see The Answer Gang,
|
|||
|
Sudhakar. You must have quite a colorful imagination.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
ps: Cool it Jim
|
|||
|
</STRONG>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Hey, Jim *is* cool. Just because we try to kill each other in the ring
|
|||
|
doesn't mean we can't be the best of friends at other times, right?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Heather]
|
|||
|
Hey, I thought we agreed, no mousepads unless you send a few to his Mom...
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
But my problem started when I enabled services like
|
|||
|
ftp,telnet, ssh , .... under xinetd.
|
|||
|
</STRONG>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Jim]
|
|||
|
Yes... I can promise you that you will. We've seen lots of complaints
|
|||
|
about it here.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Heather]
|
|||
|
And it's Ben in the ring, the Answer Guy himself Jim Dennis takes off
|
|||
|
his wizard cap to much cheering, and ... xinetd gets in the first swing.
|
|||
|
Zowie!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
(Psst - hey, Jim! I bet my t-shirt sales are higher than yours: I'm
|
|||
|
giving away a Genuine Ben Okopnik autograph <EM>and</EM> a set of Ginsu knives
|
|||
|
with each one!)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Heather]
|
|||
|
Yeah? I bet I can actually SELL Ginsu knives to these people! It's got
|
|||
|
g_n_u in it after all... half the donations to LinuxFund! So, you wanna
|
|||
|
bet on just the tshirts, or the whole kaboodle?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> btw, most geeks have plenty of tshirts. Plus hats and the occasional change
|
|||
|
purse. Maybe we should sell something they *don't* usually get, like the
|
|||
|
rest of the wardrobe :)
|
|||
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
<li> belts
|
|||
|
<li> kilts (with fashionable antispam safety pin.)
|
|||
|
<li> togas
|
|||
|
<li> tennis shoes (they should *definitely* give these out at Comdex)
|
|||
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
Rgds Jim , I can understand that you guys dont mean to
|
|||
|
be killing each other. Just seemed so real this
|
|||
|
quarrel.
|
|||
|
</STRONG>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
What was the original quarrel people keep on talking about? Not the
|
|||
|
"Dash it All! Coping with ---Unruly--- Filenames" thread? That's not
|
|||
|
quarreling, that's just having fun.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
I have no idea - I looked through the last ish and could find no signs
|
|||
|
of quarrels, arrows, or darts flung in anger or even irritation - but
|
|||
|
I'm sure having a ball with it. :)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<H3 ALIGN="center">The finger and the Internet oracle</H3>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Iron, Nick Moffitt, Heather Stern and Ben Okopnik
|
|||
|
</strong></FONT></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Anonymous Coward asked:
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
I have a question about the "finger" option on telnet. I know that you can
|
|||
|
find out when someone has logged in by entering "finger name" But I was
|
|||
|
wondering if it possible to find out who has tried to finger your e-mail
|
|||
|
account??
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
The short answer:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> If you are the sysadmin, you can run "fingerd" with the "-l" option to
|
|||
|
log incoming requests; see "man fingerd". Otherwise, if you have Unix
|
|||
|
progamming experience, it *may* be possible to write a script that logs
|
|||
|
information about the requests you get. If you're merely concerned
|
|||
|
about security, the correct answer is to turn off the "fingerd" daemon
|
|||
|
or read the "finger" and "fingerd" manpages to learn how to limit what
|
|||
|
information your computer is revealing about you and about itself.
|
|||
|
However, you have some misconceptions about the nature of "finger" which
|
|||
|
we should also address.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> The long answer:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> "finger" and "telnet" are two distinct Internet services. "http" (WWW)
|
|||
|
and "smtp" (sending e-mail) are two other Internet services. Each
|
|||
|
service is completely independent of the others.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Depending on the command-line options given and the cooperation of the
|
|||
|
remote site, "finger user@host" may tell you:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (1) BASIC USER INFORMATION: the user's login name, real name,
|
|||
|
terminal name and write status, idle time, login time, office location and
|
|||
|
office phone number.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (2) EXTENDED USER INFORMATION: home directory, home phone number, login
|
|||
|
shell, mail status (whether they have any mail or any unread mail), and the
|
|||
|
contents of their "~/.plan" and "~/.project" and "~/.forward" files.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (3) SERVER INFORMATION: a ``Welcome to ...'' banner which also shows some
|
|||
|
informations (e.g. uptime, operat<61>ing system name and release)--similar to what
|
|||
|
the "uname -a" and "uptime" commands reveal on the remote system.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Normally, ".plan", ".project" and ".forward" are regular text files.
|
|||
|
".plan" is normally a note about your general work, ".project" is a note
|
|||
|
about the status of your current project(s), and ".forward" shows
|
|||
|
whether your incoming mail is being forwarded somewhere else or whether
|
|||
|
you're using a mail filter (it also shows where it's being forwarded to
|
|||
|
and what your mail filter program is, scary).
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I've heard it's possible to make one of these files a named pipe
|
|||
|
connected to a script. I'm not exactly sure how it's done. (Other TAG
|
|||
|
members, please help.) You use "mkfifo" or "mknod -p" to create the
|
|||
|
special file, then somehow have a script running whose standard output
|
|||
|
is redirected to the file. Supposedly, whenever "finger" tries to read
|
|||
|
the file, it will read your script's output. But I don't know how your
|
|||
|
script would avoid a "broken pipe" error if it writes when there's
|
|||
|
nobody to read it, how it would know when there's a reader, or how the
|
|||
|
reader would pass identifying information to the script. Each Internet
|
|||
|
connection reveal's the requestor's IP, and if the remote machine is
|
|||
|
running the "identd" daemon, one can find out the username. But how
|
|||
|
your "finger" script would access that information, I don't know, since
|
|||
|
it's not running as a subprocess of "finger", so there's no way for
|
|||
|
"finger" to pass it the information in environment variables or
|
|||
|
command-line arguments.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> However, "finger" is much less useful nowadays than it was ten years
|
|||
|
ago. Part of this is due to security paranoia and part to the fact
|
|||
|
that we use servers differently nowadays.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (1) Re security, many sysadmins have rightly concluded that "finger" is a
|
|||
|
big security risk and have disabled "fingerd" on their servers, or enable it
|
|||
|
only for intranet requests (which are supposedly more trustworthy). Not only
|
|||
|
is the host information useful to crackerz and script kiddiez, but users may
|
|||
|
not realize how much information their revealing.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (2) Re how we use servers, in 1991 at my university, we had one Unix
|
|||
|
computer (Sequent/Dynix) that any student could get an account on.
|
|||
|
Users were logged in directly from hardwired text terminals, dialup or
|
|||
|
telnet. You could use "finger" to see whether your friends were logged
|
|||
|
in. Since you knew where your friends normally logged in from, you had
|
|||
|
a fair idea where they were at the moment and could meet them to hack
|
|||
|
side-by-side with them or to read (Usenet) news or to play games
|
|||
|
together. (Actually, you didn't even need to use "finger". "tcsh" and
|
|||
|
"zsh" would automatically tell you when certain "watched" users logged
|
|||
|
in and out.) You could even use "w" to find out which interactive
|
|||
|
program they were currently running. But soon demand went above 350
|
|||
|
simultaneous users, especially when the university decided to promote
|
|||
|
universal e-mail use among its 35,000 students and 15,000 staff. The
|
|||
|
server was replaced by a cluster of servers, and every user logging in
|
|||
|
to the virtual host was automatically placed on one of the servers at
|
|||
|
random. Since "finger" and "w" information--as well as the tcsh/zsh
|
|||
|
"watch" service--are specific to a certain server, it was a pain to
|
|||
|
check all the servers to see if your friends were on any of them. About
|
|||
|
this time, people started using X-windows, and each "xterm" window would
|
|||
|
show up in "finger" as a separate logged-in user. Also, finger access
|
|||
|
became disabled outside the intranet. "finger" became a lot less
|
|||
|
convenient, so it fell into disuse.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> (3) "finger" only monitors login sessions. This includes the "login"
|
|||
|
program, "telnet", "xterm", "ssh" (and its insecure cousins "rsh" and
|
|||
|
"rlogin"). It does not include web browsing, POP mail reading, irc or
|
|||
|
interactive chat, or instant messaging. These servers *could* write
|
|||
|
login entries, but they don't. Most users coming from the
|
|||
|
web-browser-IS-my-shell background never log in, wouldn't know what to
|
|||
|
do at the shell prompt if they did log in, don't think they're missing
|
|||
|
anything, and their ISPs probably don't even have shell access anyway.
|
|||
|
That was the last nail in the coffin for "finger".
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> So in short, "finger" still works, but its usefulness is debatable.
|
|||
|
Linus used to use his ".plan" file to inform people of the current
|
|||
|
version of Linux and where to download it. SSC used to use it to
|
|||
|
propagte its public PGP key. There are a thousand other kinds of
|
|||
|
useful information it could be used for. However, now that everybody
|
|||
|
and his dog has a home page, this ".plan" information can just as easily
|
|||
|
be put on the home page, and it's just as easy (or easier for some
|
|||
|
people) to access it via the web than via "finger".
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> <EM>Nick Moffitt asks another question, and somehow these two threads
|
|||
|
tie together. Then one of the Gang (whose name fell off this message)
|
|||
|
suggested:</EM>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
In this case it'd be wickedly apropos to twist finger to doing
|
|||
|
what you want... so you can give some poor telnet-using sap "the
|
|||
|
finger" as it were.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
And Nick would enjoy doing it, too.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Nick]
|
|||
|
Hahaha! Sheesh, I write a single TAG mail, and up crops
|
|||
|
Heather Stern, Mike Orr, and Don Marti. You folks should become the
|
|||
|
next innurnet oracle!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
<aghast> You mean we're NOT? </aghast>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Heather]
|
|||
|
My caffeine must be a quart low... since I was pretty sure that we must be -
|
|||
|
otherwise we wouldn't get stupid highschooler homework questions, who
|
|||
|
invented the cardboard box, and driving instructions for spaceships who were
|
|||
|
dumb enough to install NT service packs just because their code-morphing
|
|||
|
technology was able to do that.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> We could probably come up with some cute database-generated silly answer
|
|||
|
to give instead of "These Aren't The Droids You're Looking For" but I think
|
|||
|
we're okay for now.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Except we might use postgresql instead of oracle...
|
|||
|
<grin duck and run!>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
<glaring> <EM>I</EM> managed to restrain myself.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<grin>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
Just making Linux a little bit more fun.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Nick]
|
|||
|
<EM>[In his signature:]</EM>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<PRE>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
You are not entitled to your opinions.
|
|||
|
</PRE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
Typical Moffittism.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Nick]
|
|||
|
<PRE>
|
|||
|
01234567 <- The amazing* indent-o-meter!
|
|||
|
^ (*: Indent-o-meter may not actually amaze.)
|
|||
|
</PRE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<H3 ALIGN="center">Backward compatibility of PC architecture</H3>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Ben Okopnik</strong></FONT></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Iron asked:
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
Yes, but *why* is this assbackwards architecture by far the most popular
|
|||
|
computer on the market? BECAUSE of the backwards compatibility.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Yes, but "backward compatibility" does not have to mean "keeping every
|
|||
|
single piece of old garbage". Once we reached the
|
|||
|
processing power of 486DX100s, emulating DOS for complete backward
|
|||
|
compatibility was a real option - and redesigning the architecture from
|
|||
|
the ground up while still maintaining backward compatibility was a
|
|||
|
reasonable goal. That was, erm, a few years ago.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<H3 ALIGN="center">Squid</H3>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Faber Fedor and Iron</strong></FONT></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Asdi Dera wrote to Faber Fedor:
|
|||
|
<STRONG>
|
|||
|
thank you very much for your ram disk tutorial..
|
|||
|
my squid run very fast. ;)
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
Maybe if you use a helicopter you can catch up to it. :)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<H3 ALIGN="center">Intrigues</H3>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p align="right"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><strong>Answered By Ben Okopnik and Iron</strong></FONT></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<EM> Answering some question, Ben said:</EM>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
I *have* found how to make it happen again, though.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Iron]
|
|||
|
He's got just enough information to make him dangerous. We'll have to
|
|||
|
take care of... Oh, hi Ben. [laughs innocuously] I didn't realize
|
|||
|
you were here.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/bbub.gif" ALT="(!)"
|
|||
|
HEIGHT="28" WIDTH="50" BORDER="0"
|
|||
|
> [Ben]
|
|||
|
<muttering while slowly backing into a corner> There is no Cabal. There
|
|||
|
is no Cabal. There is no... AAAAAAAHHHH!!!! &)_*&%$%$#LOST CARRIER
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<a name="spam"></a>
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<!--====================================================================-->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<center><H3><font color="maroon">World of Spam</font></H3></center>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> <HR> <P>
|
|||
|
<!--======================================================================-->
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Hi! How are you?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I send you this file in order to have your advice
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> See you later. Thanks
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|||
|
[The Answer Gang got hit with some twenty copies of the Sir Cam
|
|||
|
worm/virus in two days. Finally, we added the following stanza to
|
|||
|
all our .procmailrc's:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
</EM><PRE>
|
|||
|
:0B
|
|||
|
* (I send you this file in order to have your advice|\
|
|||
|
Te mando este archivo para que me des tu punto de vista)
|
|||
|
/dev/null
|
|||
|
</PRE><EM>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Which sends it to the great bit bucket in the sky, where it belongs.
|
|||
|
Remove the extra spaces in the middle of the sentances. They are just
|
|||
|
to keep <I>LJ</I> from being deleted by any overzealous spamfilter.
|
|||
|
The second text line is a Spanish version we also received. Of course,
|
|||
|
since most of the Gang doesn't read mail on Windows, we didn't have to
|
|||
|
worry about damage, just about the amount of disk space those buggers
|
|||
|
take up. Sir Can attaches a file to the message. It's a different file
|
|||
|
each time, but usually at least 200 KB. That means five of them take up
|
|||
|
an entire megabyte. LG's spamfile this month was a whopping
|
|||
|
</EM>55 megabytes (!)<EM>, mostly due twenty more copie of this virus.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-Iron.]
|
|||
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Have you been considering upgrading your web site for e-commerce or
|
|||
|
upgrading your existing shopping cart program to a higher level of performance?
|
|||
|
Many on-line retailer's success or failure is determined by their e-commerce
|
|||
|
solution.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> It sounds like we have some things in common. We are both
|
|||
|
interested in getting people to join our Internet businesses.
|
|||
|
Recently I found some FREE promotional software that I thought
|
|||
|
you might also like to try out.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
From: igsys <BR>
|
|||
|
Subject: the Nigeria/African money scam emails<BR>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Just to add some emails from where they sent me this scam, as mr. Justin
|
|||
|
Catterall
|
|||
|
<A HREF="../issue66/lg_backpage66.html">explained</A> in issue66 these are
|
|||
|
really bad people, they are efficient and have things well, well planned. Have
|
|||
|
a look below at their initial response which i did on purpose (fortunately i
|
|||
|
had read LG issue66) to get some more emails like XXXXX (adb stands
|
|||
|
for African Development Bank which is a "real" african bank...), this email is
|
|||
|
from http://XXXXX
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> i have been using Linux since 98, keep the excelent work of Linux Gazette.
|
|||
|
ps.: please do not publish my email for security reasons
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
From: isaacson jaide<BR>
|
|||
|
Subject: send the application and call immediately to confirm<BR>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I get your mail these morning because,since i sent you
|
|||
|
the last lether,my mind have not find any rest.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I'm very happy about your possitive interest in these
|
|||
|
business.
|
|||
|
Regarding to what it should be used for?
|
|||
|
what i know is that i'm going to invest mine over
|
|||
|
there in your contry.
|
|||
|
Please do as directed.
|
|||
|
The letter below is what you are going to fill your
|
|||
|
correct a/c No and full address of the Bank and send
|
|||
|
it directly to the Foreign Exchange managers e-mail
|
|||
|
address: adb@XXXXX.org
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> When you send it you confirm to me that you have done
|
|||
|
that and send a copy to me.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> I wait to hear from you<BR>
|
|||
|
yours<BR>
|
|||
|
Isaacson shakas.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<PRE>
|
|||
|
The Manager
|
|||
|
African Development Bank.
|
|||
|
Johannesburg.
|
|||
|
South-Africa.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
APPLICATION FOR THE RELEASE OF THE 126MILLION IN THE
|
|||
|
A/C NO 202-15689-1.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Reference to the above quoted A/C No. 202-15689-1 of
|
|||
|
Late Andreas B. Smith, with credit balance of 126
|
|||
|
Million Point Zero - Zero US Dollars Only.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
As the bonafide next of kin to the above named late
|
|||
|
Andreas B. Smith Holder of the dormant Ref A/C, we
|
|||
|
wish to apply for the release of the total said mount
|
|||
|
and initial part payment of $26, 000,000.00, (Twenty
|
|||
|
Six Million US Dollars only). in our favour
|
|||
|
representing first phase payment from the credit
|
|||
|
balance in the said a/c.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
In accordance with National and International Laws of
|
|||
|
inheritance kindly remit the stated amount in full to
|
|||
|
our a/c No quoted below:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
(PLEASE ENTER YOUR BANK DETAIL HERE)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
This request is predicated on the fact that since the
|
|||
|
death of our Manager Mr. Andreas B. Smith who was
|
|||
|
entrusted with The Management of KRUGER GOLD MINING
|
|||
|
CO. The need for the transfer of the money in the
|
|||
|
account becomes imperative.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We shall therefore be very grateful if this request
|
|||
|
meets with your favourable consideration
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Thanks
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Yours faithfully,
|
|||
|
(YOUR FULL NAME)
|
|||
|
</PRE>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I am interested in speaking with you about powering career centers for your
|
|||
|
online properties. XXXXXXXXXXX is the largest network of I.T. specific Job
|
|||
|
Posting Sites. The following URL will link you into a detailed description
|
|||
|
of all of XXXXXXXXXXX's Network Partners and their corresponding Homepages
|
|||
|
and XXXXXXXXXXX Career Centers. See revenue splits below. Career Centers
|
|||
|
are fully customized to your specifications and are implemented at No Cost
|
|||
|
Whatsoever.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Our standard revenue share structure is as follows:<BR>
|
|||
|
-You Receive 100% of banner ad revenues realized from the career center(avg.
|
|||
|
40 imp/user)<BR>
|
|||
|
-50/50 split on spotlight job advertising<BR>
|
|||
|
-50/50 split on job posting received trough your sites<BR>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|||
|
[And banner ads are SOOO lucrative! -Iron.]
|
|||
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Valerie XXXX, a patient of dentist and hypnotherapist Dr. Bruce XXXXXXXX,
|
|||
|
was trained to use hypnosis to see into the future and discovered an
|
|||
|
undiagnosed medical problem that threatened the mother's (Joann's) life.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Are you looking for your first Internet business...or your last?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> If it's your first, wouldn't you like it to be your last? Your last should
|
|||
|
be like going home....it should be the one that allows you to double your full
|
|||
|
time income on a part time basis, is stable, will be there for your heirs, and
|
|||
|
give you the lifestyle you dream of.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Listen, you don't have to tell me - I KNOW what your experiences
|
|||
|
have been marketing online. You've been in one of two places. EITHER
|
|||
|
you're fairly new on the Internet, and you KNOW that SOMEBODY
|
|||
|
makes money online - but you can't quite figure out HOW. OR MAYBE
|
|||
|
you can "sign people up" like gangbusters - and those people just
|
|||
|
SIT THERE. Those people don't just "sit there" because they are "lazy",
|
|||
|
"stupid" or "don't have the desire". The ONLY way for this to work is
|
|||
|
to do what is done in EVERY OTHER industry but ours - and that is,
|
|||
|
let the "marketers" do the "marketing" - and let the other people do
|
|||
|
what THEY do best!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Some people just STINK at marketing. And they will NEVER
|
|||
|
make money online -no matter which "HOT! NEW!" thing they jump
|
|||
|
into again THIS week! But the thing is - you don't HAVE to! Want to
|
|||
|
find out why I market for OTHER PEOPLE all day? Then you
|
|||
|
need to see my open letter about HOW we do that. Just a word to the
|
|||
|
wise. LOTS of people do it our way. Want to FINALLY make money
|
|||
|
online? Want to NEVER have to "recruit" and "motivate" and "babysit"
|
|||
|
again? Then see how YOU can succeed online even if you HATE to
|
|||
|
market! WHY IN THE WORLD would you NOT want us to do the
|
|||
|
marketing FOR you? Are you having such GREAT success trying to
|
|||
|
do it on your own? Are your people? Let US set up a totally
|
|||
|
AUTOMATED system for you where WE do all the marketing for
|
|||
|
you and we ALL make money!!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|||
|
["Or your last" ... because so many people are getting out of the
|
|||
|
Internet business! -Iron.]
|
|||
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="center"> <!-- ***************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Update Your Income Now!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><EM>
|
|||
|
[That's it, I want to get an income upgrade. -Iron.]
|
|||
|
</EM></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<HR NOSHADE WIDTH="80%"> <!-- ************************************** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Happy Linuxing!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> Mike ("Iron") Orr<br>
|
|||
|
Editor, <A HREF="http://www.linuxgazette.com/"><i>Linux Gazette</i></A>, <A
|
|||
|
HREF="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</a>
|
|||
|
<BR CLEAR="all">
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END Not Linux *** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- *** BEGIN copyright *** -->
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<H5 ALIGN=center>
|
|||
|
Copyright © 2001, the Editors of <I>Linux Gazette</I>.<BR>
|
|||
|
Copying license <A HREF="../copying.html">http://www.linuxgazette.com/copying.html</A><BR>
|
|||
|
Published in Issue 69 of <i>Linux Gazette</i>, August 2001</H5>
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END copyright *** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- startcut ============================================================-->
|
|||
|
<CENTER>
|
|||
|
<!-- *** BEGIN navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
<IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/left.jpg" WIDTH="14" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"><A HREF="spiel.html"><IMG ALT="[ Prev ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/prev.jpg" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Table of Contents ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/toc.jpg" WIDTH="220" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><A HREF="../index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Front Page ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/frontpage.jpg" WIDTH="137" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="../faq/index.html"><IMG ALT="[ FAQ ]" SRC="./../gx/navbar/faq.jpg"WIDTH="62" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/right.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="bottom">
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
</CENTER>
|
|||
|
<!-- endcut ============================================================-->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
</BODY></HTML>
|