1536 lines
54 KiB
HTML
1536 lines
54 KiB
HTML
|
<!--startcut ==========================================================-->
|
|||
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
|
|||
|
<html>
|
|||
|
<head>
|
|||
|
<title>More 2 Cent Tips & Tricks LG #56</title>
|
|||
|
</head>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#0000AF"
|
|||
|
ALINK="#FF0000">
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<CENTER>
|
|||
|
<!-- *** BEGIN navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
<IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/left.jpg" WIDTH="14" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"><A HREF="lg_answer56.html"><IMG ALT="[ Prev ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/prev.jpg" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Table of Contents ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/toc.jpg" WIDTH="220" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><A HREF="../index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Front Page ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/frontpage.jpg" WIDTH="137" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="../faq/index.html"><IMG ALT="[ FAQ ]" SRC="./../gx/navbar/faq.jpg"WIDTH="62" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="collinge.html"><IMG ALT="[ Next ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/next.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/right.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="bottom">
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
</CENTER>
|
|||
|
<!--endcut ============================================================-->
|
|||
|
<H4 ALIGN="center">"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
|
|||
|
</H4>
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- QUICK TIPS SECTION ================================================== -->
|
|||
|
<center>
|
|||
|
<H1><A NAME="tips"><IMG ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="" SRC="../gx/twocent.jpg">
|
|||
|
More 2¢ Tips!</A></H1> <BR>
|
|||
|
Send Linux Tips and Tricks to <A HREF="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">
|
|||
|
gazette@ssc.com
|
|||
|
</A></center>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- BEGIN tips -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|||
|
<A NAME="tag/6"></A>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ip question</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 18 Jul 2000 14:24:30 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Don Marti, Linux Gazette Asst. Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
On Tue, Jul 18, 2000, James Strong wrote:
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<P><strong>
|
|||
|
In studying ip addressing I come across the reference of 255 and 256.
|
|||
|
<br>if all ones (11111111) = ?
|
|||
|
<br>if all 0s (00000000) = ?
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
How does one come up with 256 sometime and 255 other times?
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
-confused
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
There are no "256"s in valid IP addresses.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
IP addresses are 32 bits, and are written in 4 octets of 8-bit
|
|||
|
numbers expressed in decimal form. The biggest possible 8-bit
|
|||
|
number is 255, which is 2^7 + 2^6 + ... + 2^1 + 2^0.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
A good explanation of IP addresses is in the Linux Network
|
|||
|
Administrator's Guide, available in your favorite Linux distribution
|
|||
|
or from linuxdoc.org.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
Don Marti
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 6 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/40"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">LILO</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 28 Jun 2000 03:05:22 ADT
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Heather Stern, Linux Gazette Technical Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>Mathieu
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:blackened69@hotmail.com">blackened69@hotmail.com</a>)
|
|||
|
wrote:</p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hi, I had a problem with LILO, everytimes I've install Redhat 6.2 on this
|
|||
|
hhd it did the same problem... My hdd partition has 2055 cylenders and
|
|||
|
when I boot up the computer, it just prints "LI"...
|
|||
|
Have any idear?
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
- Mathieu
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<em><blockquote><P>[
|
|||
|
This is the number one problem with LILO <TT>-</TT> it's a bit sensitive to some
|
|||
|
matters of size and cylinder location. Matthieu here isn't the only one
|
|||
|
who's had this question, it comes up several times every month, and has been
|
|||
|
in the FAQ for a while. The number two problem is the same with some number
|
|||
|
speewing at you.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Either usually means there is a geometry problem, and the right options can be
|
|||
|
added to lilo.conf with any text editor. See LILO's own docs (usually in
|
|||
|
<TT>/usr/doc/packages/lilo</TT>). Somewhat more usefully, the LILO Mini-Howto was
|
|||
|
just updated a few days ago:
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/LILO.html"
|
|||
|
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/LILO.html</A>
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I think you readers will also be pleased to know there are numerous
|
|||
|
alternatives. You can find a stack of them by going to freshmeat.net and
|
|||
|
typing "boot loader" or "bootloader" into its search box. (Do both seperately,
|
|||
|
you get different lists.) Ones worth highlighting are GRUB, Smart Boot Manager,
|
|||
|
GAG (it may be a slow link, but it looks really nice) and Winux (an odd one...
|
|||
|
it's a configurator for using LOADLIN effectively). They don't seem to
|
|||
|
mention <A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</A>'s 'mbr' <TT>-</TT> which (like Smart Boot Manager) is only a first
|
|||
|
stage (you still need LILO or something like it to chain into the kernel) but
|
|||
|
even less verbose than <A HREF="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</A>'s spartan partition picker. You have to press
|
|||
|
SHIFT if you care to change which partition to boot from.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Lastly, if after you install LILO, Windows/DOS won't boot even from a floppy,
|
|||
|
boot from a rescue disk and use Linux fdisk to change your extended partition
|
|||
|
type to 85 (linux extend). This will stop it from looking for a D: that
|
|||
|
simply isn't there.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</p></em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 40 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/7"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">POP3 Login Problem... solved</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 5 Jul 2000 14:54:26 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Steve Lobo
|
|||
|
(<A HREF="mailto:steve@caboco.com"
|
|||
|
>steve@caboco.com</A>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
I love your columns <TT>-</TT> very informative and very helpful.
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
I've searched high and low for a solution to this problem but haven't had
|
|||
|
any luck.
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
I recently re-installed RH6.0 (after root was compromised by a non-malicious
|
|||
|
hacker), and haven't done updated anything (yet) except my version of
|
|||
|
XWindows.
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
Everything is more or less working, but I'm having difficulty logging into
|
|||
|
my POP3 server. I have a perfectly valid and functioning user account, but
|
|||
|
POP3 is rejecting my login (with the Linux account's password) with a "<TT>-ERR</TT>
|
|||
|
Bad login" message.
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
Are there any circumstances where my POP3 server would be looking for a
|
|||
|
different password than the OS? Or is there something else that could be
|
|||
|
going on?
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
Thanks in advance for your assistance!
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<P?<STRONG>
|
|||
|
-Steve Lobo
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p>But Steve found his answer and sent it in:</p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Nevermind! Not sure why, but the pop file didn't exist in <TT>/etc/pam.d</TT> <TT>-</TT> so
|
|||
|
although everything looked to be in order in terms of connecting to port 110
|
|||
|
attempting to get into a transaction state, POP had no idea about how to
|
|||
|
authenticate. I just rebuilt imap* from my RH CDRoms and everything's
|
|||
|
fine...
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Thanks anyway!
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 8 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/11"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Addendum to Tech FAQ 4 ("Where do I find help")</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 17 Jul 2000 06:09:27 +0200
|
|||
|
<BR>From: "Mechelynck Antoine"
|
|||
|
(<A HREF="mailto:tonymec@belgacom.net"
|
|||
|
>tonymec@belgacom.net</A>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If you prefer reading HTML to plain text, the <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> help system (program
|
|||
|
kdehelp) provides a nice interface to man pages (But of course it's supposed
|
|||
|
to be used under the kdm display manager, not on a "dumb" console.) Either
|
|||
|
type "man:<command>" (without the quotes and <>
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=";)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle"> into the URL line, or go
|
|||
|
through the main menu. It also provides an interface to the other help
|
|||
|
system (info pages) but less nicely formatted (you can type "info:<command>
|
|||
|
invocation" into the URL line but in this case I think it's easier to
|
|||
|
navigate the menu system).
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":-)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="top">
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 11 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/12"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">linux and windows95</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 17 Jul 2000 19:45:32 GMT
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Michael Williams, Linux Gazette AnswerGang
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
can u run linux and windows95 on the same computer and selecting whic
|
|||
|
operating system u want to run on the bootup?
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Why, yes, yes you can. It's no easy process though, and you'll have to read
|
|||
|
a bit, so chek out
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org"
|
|||
|
>http://www.linuxdoc.org</A>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Or more specifically:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/Linux+Windows-GUIDE/index.html"
|
|||
|
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/Linux+Windows-GUIDE/index.html</A>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Installing Linux <em>can</em> mean re-partitioning, unfortunately. So be careful!
|
|||
|
There are ways to avoid re-partitioning, however. Check out:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.vmware.com"
|
|||
|
>http://www.vmware.com</A>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Also, if you just wanna test out Linux, may I suggest Mandrake 7.0, which
|
|||
|
comes with a program called Linux for Windows, which will install Linux onto
|
|||
|
a FAT formatted partition.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Linux comes with a program called LILO (LInux LOader), which installs itself
|
|||
|
to the Master boot record, and can easily be configured to boot multiple
|
|||
|
OS's, such as Windows.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Mike
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 12 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/14"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Computer Tax Credits</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 19 Jul 2000 16:38:43 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Jim Dennis, Linux Gazette Sr. Contributing Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- ::
|
|||
|
Computer Tax Credits
|
|||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|||
|
:: -->
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Sir:
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Is there a program or programs that accept computer trade-in for
|
|||
|
tax credit?
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Joe Kellum-NYC
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Probably.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I did a Google (<A HREF="http://www.google.com"
|
|||
|
>http://www.google.com</A>) search on the phrase
|
|||
|
"computer donation tax" and got 35,000 hits. The first
|
|||
|
several appeared relevant.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
However, this has nothing to do with Linux or with the
|
|||
|
free software movement. It's also not a technical question.
|
|||
|
Thus you've posted it to the wrong venue.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Perhaps you should talk to a tax professional.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- sig -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<blockquote><p><em>[ The real tip here is, we're the <strong>Linux</strong>
|
|||
|
Gazette, not the tax writeoff gazette. You might try donating
|
|||
|
it to the
|
|||
|
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>, the
|
|||
|
<a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> project, or a developer who
|
|||
|
is working on stuff your company uses, but is poor and could use the
|
|||
|
particular hardware you have.
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</em></p></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 14 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/15"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">recherche driver son</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 12 Jul 2000 21:20:20 +0200
|
|||
|
<BR>From: JOEL.MORALES (<A HREF="mailto:joel.morales@wanadoo.fr"
|
|||
|
>joel.morales@wanadoo.fr</A>)
|
|||
|
<P><strong>bonjour, je recherche un driver son yamaha labway
|
|||
|
olp3-sax, pouvez vous me dire comment faire sur internet pour le trouver
|
|||
|
?</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>voici mon adresse : <A
|
|||
|
href="mailto:joel.morales@wanadoo.fr">joel.morales@wanadoo.fr</A></strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p><strong>merci d'avance <20> bient<6E>t.
|
|||
|
joel.</strong></p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>I thought I would need to post a translation request in Help Wanted
|
|||
|
again, but our assistant editor Don Marti stepped up to the plate:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Joel,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<DL><DT>
|
|||
|
Il y a un driver pour le Yamaha OPL3-SA2 et OPL3-SA3 <20> ALSA:
|
|||
|
<DD><A HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org"
|
|||
|
>http://www.alsa-project.org</A>
|
|||
|
</DL>
|
|||
|
<DL><DT>
|
|||
|
Voici le HOWTO:
|
|||
|
<DD><A HREF="http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/fr/mini/Alsa-sound.gz"
|
|||
|
>http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/fr/mini/Alsa-sound.gz</A>
|
|||
|
</DL>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
Don Marti
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 16 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/20"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">A Question!</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 12 Jul 2000 09:49:16 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Don Marti, Linux Gazette Asst. Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
On Wed, Jul 12, 2000 at 09:27:23AM <TT>-0500</TT>, Kishore T. Kapale wrote:
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
I want to connect a Laptop and a PC both running RedHat 6.2, through an
|
|||
|
ethernet connection.
|
|||
|
I do not need any technical details, I am aware of those. I have onlyone
|
|||
|
question, which is can I use thin 10Base2 network without a hub to achieve
|
|||
|
this?
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Most laptop ethernet cards that I've seen use 10Base-T, or
|
|||
|
twisted-pair, Ethernet. If you have this kind of Ethernet on
|
|||
|
both systems <TT>--</TT> it has an RJ-45 socket, like a wide version of
|
|||
|
a phone jack <TT>--</TT> then you can connect two, and only two, systems
|
|||
|
with a crossover cable, available at any well-stocked computer
|
|||
|
store. Or build your own crossover cable using the diagram at:
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.homepclan.com/cabcr20.jpg"
|
|||
|
>http://www.homepclan.com/cabcr20.jpg</A> You'll need a tool called
|
|||
|
an RJ-45 crimper, which is a good investment if you want to make
|
|||
|
a lot of cables in custom lengths.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If you have true 10Base-2 Ethernet, which is rare these days, both
|
|||
|
systems will have a BNC connector, which is round with two little pins
|
|||
|
on the sides. Using 10Base-2 Ethernet, you can connect any number of
|
|||
|
systems without a hub. You'll need a 10Base2 cable (which is a coaxial
|
|||
|
cable, similar to what cable TV uses but different) a BNC "T" connector
|
|||
|
for each system, and a BNC terminator for each end. All available at any
|
|||
|
well-stocked computer store.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
Don Marti
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 20 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/21"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">A couple questions</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 17 Jul 2000 17:36:28 GMT
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Michael Williams, Linux Gazette Answer Gang
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Hi,
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
I'm a newbie Linux user, and I just have a couple questions about my newly
|
|||
|
installed RedHat 6.0 system.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
1. I'm trying to figure out how to run <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> from the console. Running startx
|
|||
|
brings up either <A HREF="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</A>, Afterstep or FVWM and I can't switch to KDE from
|
|||
|
any
|
|||
|
of those. I don't want to use GDM, and I found a script called 'kde' on my
|
|||
|
system, which of course doesn't work because the X server is not up. I
|
|||
|
found
|
|||
|
that 'X' was a symbolic link to my installed X server, and that brings up
|
|||
|
the familiar gray background and mouse cursor. I tried just switching to a
|
|||
|
console and running 'kde' again, hoping it would find the X server I just
|
|||
|
started.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Use a text editor (eg emacs), to edit:
|
|||
|
<tt>/etc/sysconfig/desktop</tt>
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
So that it now holds the string 'KDE' (excluding the quote marks of course)
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 21 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/23"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Winmail.dat</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sat, 01 Jul 2000 13:03:00 +0200
|
|||
|
<BR>From: "Anthony E. Greene"
|
|||
|
(<A HREF="mailto:agreene@pobox.com"
|
|||
|
>agreene@pobox.com</A>)
|
|||
|
<BR>add'l: Heather Stern, Linux Gazette Technical Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
The Answer Guy, Jim Dennis, commented:
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Of course it would be unfair to single out Microsoft in this regard. I
|
|||
|
don't like Netscape's "vcard" attachments any less obnoxious than
|
|||
|
"winmail.dat" and I find Netscape's previously default behavior of
|
|||
|
appending HTML formatted copies of the body text to all outgoing e-mail
|
|||
|
to be almost as bad as appending .doc or other binary formats. (At least
|
|||
|
I can read between the tags if I care to).
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Netscape 4.72 (& 4.73?) still defaults to HTML mail, and vCards are an
|
|||
|
open standard (<A HREF="http://www.imc.org/pdi"
|
|||
|
>http://www.imc.org/pdi</A>) that I have found very useful.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I have a web application that, among other things, sends the user's
|
|||
|
contact information to us via email. Adding these users to our address
|
|||
|
book becomes almost trivial thanks to an Outlook add-in that imports
|
|||
|
vCards. My application includes a vCard attachment with the message and
|
|||
|
we can double-click to add the user to a shared contacts folder. We
|
|||
|
could do something similar using Netscape, or any *nix mail client that
|
|||
|
called <A HREF="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</A>Card as a vCard viewer if we were using *nix desktops.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
As long as sending a vCard is not the mail client's default behavior, I
|
|||
|
don't have a problem with it. It has more info than a plain sig, and
|
|||
|
since it's actually plain text, it's just as human-readable as an
|
|||
|
attached text file.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
<em><blockquote><P>[
|
|||
|
There is an Addreesbook written in perl which uses vCard format natively.
|
|||
|
Still working on vCard 3.0, but perhaps you can enjoy it anyway:
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.acm.rpi.edu/~jackal/ab.html"
|
|||
|
>http://www.acm.rpi.edu/~jackal/ab.html</A>
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
XCmail is a mail client which handles vCards and PGP (among other things):
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://www.fsai.fh-trier.de/~schmitzj/Xclasses/XCmail"
|
|||
|
>http://www.fsai.fh-trier.de/~schmitzj/Xclasses/XCmail</A>
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</p></em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 23 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/24"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">SuSe Linux and Micrsoft medialess OS</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sat, 01 Jul 2000 12:14:24 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Dwayne Miller
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:dmiller23@neo.rr.com">dmiller23@neo.rr.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Dear Linux Supporters:
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
I have started playing around with <A HREF="http://www.suse.com/">SuSE</A> Linux and am impressed with the product. I have been a died in the wool Microsoft user for
|
|||
|
the last eight years. I have seen them step on a lot of folks and that is part of business. I have also put up with their mindless CD keys
|
|||
|
that make a network administrators life miserable. Not copy protected is what it said on all of their software. That was until they
|
|||
|
controlled the market now everything is copy protected.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
But the latest rumor or plan that Microsoft has put me over the edge. I read the an article in the May 1, 2000 issue of INFO WORLD
|
|||
|
that Microsoft now wants to jam a "medialess OS" down our throats. The article is entitled "Users find Microsoft's medialess anti
|
|||
|
piracy play hard to swallow" explains their latest attempt to stop software piracy. This is it for me.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
I have been an ardent supporter up till this. I want to convert to something else. The problems are my word, access and other apps
|
|||
|
that use MS apps. Is there a way to continue to use these apps without Microsoft OS. Or is there a way to emulate win apps or is there
|
|||
|
other apps that transparently use their files? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Well as one newbie to another, good luck, Star office will import and
|
|||
|
save in most if not all the MS formats for office, personally I was
|
|||
|
using Star office on my MS machine, so I know it works at least for
|
|||
|
word, and excel, never used access or powerpoint, so cannot tell you how
|
|||
|
well those work.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
This issue with MS medialess OS? I had not heard anything about it, but
|
|||
|
sure am glad I am switching over to Linx myself. Very tired of Micr$oft
|
|||
|
and its games, was waiting until I had found the apps needed to switch
|
|||
|
over and with the release of Coreal office for linux, I figured the
|
|||
|
time was at hand. Now to convince my wife.....
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I am looking over the stuff for development on the <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> platform, namely
|
|||
|
the KDevelop IDE. If Microsoft would have developed something like this,
|
|||
|
and gave it way, Windows would not be the mess it is. Alot more
|
|||
|
developers would be able to work, without resorting to piracy to get the
|
|||
|
tools needed.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Good luck and have fun...
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 24 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/28"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">USR Modem</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Fri, 9 Jun 2000 17:07:02 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Heather Stern, Linux Gazette Technical Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p>Douglas Macdonald (<a href="mailto:dmacdona@sas.upenn.edu"
|
|||
|
>dmacdona@sas.upenn.edu</a>) wrote:
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I have a US robotics modem PCI Fax modem 3cp5610
|
|||
|
and running <A HREF="http://www.redhat.com/">Red Hat</A> Linux. I can not get it to work. Any
|
|||
|
suggestions ?
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<blockquote><EM><p>[ You are a very lucky guy - you actually have an
|
|||
|
honest to goodness real modem there. So, you need to see what IRQ
|
|||
|
it's getting, and if necessary use setserial to advise Linux' drivers to
|
|||
|
keep it that way.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If you recompiled a kernel, double check that you have serial support.
|
|||
|
Also, in the "extended dumb serial options" turn on IRQ sharing. People
|
|||
|
who know modems a bit know that under MSwin 2 serial ports get the same
|
|||
|
IRQ, but a different I/O address. Same here, if you tell it so.
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</p></em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 28 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/30"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Boot Floppy for Linux</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 09 Jul 2000 01:31:28 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: david sarraf
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:david.sarraf@paonline.com">david.sarraf@paonline.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p><strong>
|
|||
|
"I was wondering if you have ever heard of anyone booting up a system
|
|||
|
with a linux boot floppy. The system previously lacks the ability to
|
|||
|
boot from a CD , but after installing linux, uses the CD drive to
|
|||
|
install another operating sytem which at teh same time will write over
|
|||
|
the Linux system."
|
|||
|
</strong></p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
Noah:
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
Three different machines at work use boot floppies to start Linux. I
|
|||
|
have had problems using LILO and modifying the boot sector on two of
|
|||
|
those machines. Using a floppy gives me a safe and simple way to have
|
|||
|
Linux and Windows on the same machine with no changes to the boot
|
|||
|
sector. I did need to do an RDEV on the boot floppy's kernel to point
|
|||
|
it toward the proper partition on the hard drive. Other than that minor
|
|||
|
detail using a boot floppy works quite well.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
Dave Sarraf
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 30 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/34"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Diamond Stealth Pro VL and X -- A Contribution, I Hope</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sat, 22 Jul 2000 18:30:33 -0500
|
|||
|
<BR>From: "Jeannine and Chris Gianakopoulos"
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:pilolla@gateway.net">pilolla@gateway.net</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hello, I have been playing with Linux for about 4 months, and I would
|
|||
|
like to share some information that may already be available, but not
|
|||
|
evident to me. My system has an older VESA local bus motherboard, and
|
|||
|
the processor is a 486DX2 running at 66 MHz. It took me approximately 2
|
|||
|
months to get Xfree86 working with my Diamond Stealth Pro VL (VESA local
|
|||
|
bus) board which used an 80C929 device. Anyway, I want to prevent other
|
|||
|
Linux people from pulling overnight hacks like I did (that will never
|
|||
|
happen), so here is the section of the XF86Config file of importance for
|
|||
|
a Diamond Stealth Pro VL video board (VL for VESA local bus).
|
|||
|
<br>------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<Pre>
|
|||
|
Section "Device"
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Identifier "Diamond Stealth Pro"
|
|||
|
VendorName "Diamond Multimedia"
|
|||
|
BoardName "Stealth Pro VL"
|
|||
|
VideoRam 2048
|
|||
|
Ramdac "ss2410"
|
|||
|
Option "diamond"
|
|||
|
Clockchip "icd2061a"
|
|||
|
Chipset "s3_generic"
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
EndSection
|
|||
|
</pre>
|
|||
|
<p>------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
<br>My Linux distribution is <A HREF="http://www.suse.com/">SuSE</A> 6.4. The parameters in the above file
|
|||
|
reference the components in my video board.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
The line which really made my system work without crashing while running
|
|||
|
X was the Chipset directive. The default chipset was mmio_928. When
|
|||
|
that option was used, I would get system hangs (you couldn't even
|
|||
|
telenet via the ethernet), segmentation faults, and lots of other
|
|||
|
problems. I will make the bold (and possibly incorrect) assumption that
|
|||
|
the assumed memory locations (for memory mapped I/O) were in conflict
|
|||
|
with the memory space of a running process (possibly kernel space?)
|
|||
|
I do not know for sure, but, using s3_generic (which implies I/O mapping
|
|||
|
for device registers) fixed the problem.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>I am pleased that Linux came into
|
|||
|
existance, and it is one of the ultimate hacks. Your Linux Gazette has
|
|||
|
helped me lots and lots (I read all the back issues <TT>--</TT> I am up to May
|
|||
|
2000), and I hope that I can achieve the knowledge to help other people
|
|||
|
the way your extensive documentation has helped me.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
Chris Gianakopoulos
|
|||
|
(soon to be Linux hacker)
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<!-- end 34 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/35"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ext2 fs question</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Fri, 7 Jul 2000 13:28:37 -0500
|
|||
|
<br>From: Mike Perham (<a href="mailto:mperham@motive.com">mperham@motive.com</a>)
|
|||
|
<BR>add'l: Heather Stern, Linux Gazette Technical Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
James, I find your Linux Gazette column to be very valuable. I have a
|
|||
|
problem that I have not been able to find the answer to: is it possible to
|
|||
|
get NT/2000 to read ext2 partitions seamlessly? I found a utility which
|
|||
|
will allow the user read-access but it is painfully slow and requires you to
|
|||
|
copy anything you want Windows apps to be able to access:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<A HREF="http://uranus.it.swin.edu.au/~jn/linux/explore2fs.htm"
|
|||
|
>http://uranus.it.swin.edu.au/~jn/linux/explore2fs.htm</A>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
<blockquote><em><p>[
|
|||
|
Yes, there is at the very least Ext2Read, which is a GUI to fit a package
|
|||
|
of loose tools originally designed for DOS, then ported for NT. It's
|
|||
|
reputed to work on W95, and appears to have a number of features. Note,
|
|||
|
I haven't used it:
|
|||
|
<br><a href="http://www-scf.usc.edu/~vakopian/programs/progs.html#ext2read/"
|
|||
|
>http://www-scf.usc.edu/~vakopian/programs/progs.html#ext2read/</a>
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
There's also EXT2 Researcher, but the documentation is slim. I haven't used
|
|||
|
it either:
|
|||
|
<br><a href="http://winfiles.cnet.com/apps/nt/disk-analyze.html"
|
|||
|
>http://winfiles.cnet.com/apps/nt/disk-analyze.html</a>
|
|||
|
<br>--Heather.]</em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
As an alternative, is there a way to transform the filesystem from ext2 to
|
|||
|
ntfs? Reformatting is out of the question as I have 30GB of data on the
|
|||
|
partition.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
----
|
|||
|
Mike Perham,
|
|||
|
<br>Java Server Guy
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 35 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/36"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">locate</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 10 Jul 2000 09:03:22 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Mike Orr, Linux Gazette Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Somebody wrote a few days ago about how modern distributions have too
|
|||
|
many files and it makes the "locate" command unusable. Because anything
|
|||
|
you type matches a whole slew of pixmap and HTML files used for the
|
|||
|
desktop interface. The person was asking the distributions to move
|
|||
|
these into tar files.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Another strategy is just to filter those filenames out of the "locate"
|
|||
|
output:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
loc () {
|
|||
|
locate "$1" | egrep -v 'bmp|html|whatever'
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
This creates a shell function called loc, so that when you type:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
$ loc time
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
you don't get back entries containing 'bmp', 'html' or 'whatever'.
|
|||
|
You can of course adjust the egrep expression to your heart's content.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
-Mike
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 36 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/37"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Summing up a column of numbers</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 26 Jul 2000 15:40:52 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Mike Orr, Linux Gazette Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Recently I had to sum up a column of numbers appearing in a
|
|||
|
tab-delimited text file. The following awk program 'summ'
|
|||
|
worked well, in conjunction with a few other tricks.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
{
|
|||
|
total = total + $1
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
END {
|
|||
|
print total
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Assume the data file contains:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<pre><BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
aaa 44 asdf
|
|||
|
bbb 55 asdf
|
|||
|
ccc 67 asqq
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
$ cut -f2 data.txt | summ
|
|||
|
166
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If I wanted to process only some of the lines, I can put a
|
|||
|
'grep' before it:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
$ grep 'asdf' data.txt | cut -f2 | summ
|
|||
|
99
|
|||
|
</pre></BLOCKQuote>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If I wanted, I could move both these operations into the
|
|||
|
awk script. The "1" in $1 could be replaced by any column
|
|||
|
number, and I could put a regular expression before the
|
|||
|
first bracket:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><pre>
|
|||
|
/asdf/ {
|
|||
|
total = total + $2
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
</Pre></blockquote>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
However, I prefer one generic script. I wanted to call it
|
|||
|
'sum' but the name was already taken. ('sum' produces checksums.)
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
--
|
|||
|
-Mike
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 37 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/38"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">Return to spellcheck</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Wed, 31 May 2000 02:29:55 +0100 (BST)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Joseph Petrow
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:joepet@searchspell.com">joepet@searchspell.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hi,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<DL><DT>
|
|||
|
I happened upon your article at
|
|||
|
<DD><A HREF="http://www.linuxgazette.com/issue44/tag/17.html"
|
|||
|
>http://www.linuxgazette.com/issue44/tag/17.html</A>
|
|||
|
</DL>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
In regards to spellchecking for homonyms, I have built a web search
|
|||
|
spellchecker at <A HREF="http://www.searchspell.com"
|
|||
|
>http://www.searchspell.com</A>. It is a lookup database of
|
|||
|
misspellings using ePerl and MySQL on a Linux box. It allows me to
|
|||
|
customize spelling rules for particular rules, and even recommend possible
|
|||
|
corrections to words with correct spellings ("hear" for "here", "where"
|
|||
|
for "wear", etc.) Before reading your column I did not have "hoard" and
|
|||
|
"horde" in my database, but that is now fixed, and I'm tracking down more
|
|||
|
and more everyday.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Currently my database has over 2,000,000 entries, which I'm able to
|
|||
|
permute in billions of typo corrections, and each day I'm getting closer
|
|||
|
to a true "intelligent" spellchecking system.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If you have some spare time, please check it out.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Regards,
|
|||
|
<br>Joe Petrow
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 38 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/41"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">redhat ifup/ifdown problems</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 18 Jun 2000 19:27:26 -0500
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Dan Watling
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:dwatling@mc.net">dwatling@mc.net</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hey,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I'm having some trouble with allowing regular users to control the
|
|||
|
ppp0 connection. I even enabled "Allow any user (de)active the
|
|||
|
interface" under netconf. Essentially what happens is the user types in
|
|||
|
"ifup ppp0" or "ifdown ppp0" and it sits there without ever doing
|
|||
|
anything. Any ideas or suggestions would be appreciated.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<em><blockquote><P>[
|
|||
|
You could install <strong>mserver</strong>, then let the users have a
|
|||
|
<strong>masqdialer</strong> client each;
|
|||
|
they even exist for Windows. But the question is still a good one;
|
|||
|
why does this hang?
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</p></em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Also, would you happen to know of a Linux help site that is in
|
|||
|
message board format?
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Thanks.
|
|||
|
-Dan
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 41 -->
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|||
|
<H4><font color="maroon">
|
|||
|
Tips in the following section are answers to questions printed in the Mail
|
|||
|
Bag column or comments on AnswerGuy mail from previous issues.
|
|||
|
</font></H4>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- BEGIN tips.answers -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<!--================================================================-->
|
|||
|
<A NAME="tag/3"></A>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: grep</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sat, 8 Jul 2000 18:27:15 -0400 (EDT)
|
|||
|
<br>From: Jason Dixon <<A HREF="mailto:jason@nimbus.skycache.com"
|
|||
|
>jason@nimbus.skycache.com</A>>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hi Angus:
|
|||
|
<br>The quickest, easiest way to do what you want is just to extend your
|
|||
|
expression a bit...
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
finger | grep 'potatoe '
|
|||
|
<instead of>
|
|||
|
finger | grep potatoe
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Note that I added the quotes, with the trailing space. This will match
|
|||
|
all instances of "potatoe" with a trailing space (for example, a
|
|||
|
username). However, hostnames (potatoe.onthefarm.com) won't match because
|
|||
|
of the trailing ".".
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hope this helps!
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Jason Dixon
|
|||
|
<br>Systems Engineer
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 3 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/2"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Grep</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 13:41:48 -0700 (PDT)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Srinivasa Shikaripura
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:srinivasa_sa@yahoo.com">srinivasa_sa@yahoo.comi</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
hi,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Things you could try are:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P><ol><li>
|
|||
|
Try 'finger <TT>-s|</TT> grep "^potato"', which greps all the user
|
|||
|
names starting with potato.
|
|||
|
<li>
|
|||
|
You could use 'awk' to do whatever you want to (currently
|
|||
|
I am not in a mood to dig an awk script, it's been long!)
|
|||
|
<li>
|
|||
|
Also look into 'cut' command where you can cut fields
|
|||
|
of a multi-column line, which also could be used
|
|||
|
to do some tricky things.
|
|||
|
</ol></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
As advice, learn about regular expressions in *nix. The
|
|||
|
first solution above, used the '^' symbol to indicate to
|
|||
|
grep to get the lines starting with potato. You could do
|
|||
|
many such things with regular expressions...
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hope that helps.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
cheers
|
|||
|
-Sas
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 2 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/4"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Netscape 2c tip</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Fri, 07 Jul 2000 15:29:50 -0700
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Sudhakar Chandra
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:thaths@netscape.com">thaths@netscape.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
Matthew Willis (<A HREF="mailto:matt@optimus.cee.cornell.edu"
|
|||
|
>matt@optimus.cee.cornell.edu</A>) wrote;
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
You can get a two-column printout from netscape by using the psutils
|
|||
|
packages. For letter-sized printouts, just change your "Print Command"
|
|||
|
in netscape to
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG><CODE>
|
|||
|
pstops -q -w8.5in -h11in -pletter "2:0L@0.7(8.in,-0.1in)+1L@0.7(8.in,4.95in)" | lpr -h
|
|||
|
</CODE></STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG><DL><DT>
|
|||
|
The PSUtils are avalable at
|
|||
|
<DD><A HREF="http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/ajcd/psutils/index.html"
|
|||
|
>http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/ajcd/psutils/index.html</A>
|
|||
|
</DL></STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
You will have to edit the Makefile and set PAPER=letter if you live
|
|||
|
in North America.
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
Why bother with such a verbose command. Part of the psutils package is a
|
|||
|
program called psnup. The preceding verbose command can be replaced by:
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE><BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
|
|||
|
psnup -c -n 2 | lpr -pprinter
|
|||
|
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
psnup has also been hacked (by yours truly
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=";-)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle"> to generate back-to-back
|
|||
|
postscript documents. See <A HREF="http://www.aunet.org/thaths/hacks/psutils"
|
|||
|
>http://www.aunet.org/thaths/hacks/psutils</A>
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
<BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
Thanhs
|
|||
|
<br>Sudhakar C13n
|
|||
|
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 4 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/9"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: ppp-compress-xx</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 2 Jul 2000 17:40:50 +0200 (MET DST)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: "Werner Gerstmann"
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:101.234011@germanynet.de">101.234011@germanynet.de</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hallo Jim,
|
|||
|
<br>your question in LG#55: You simply have to put into the conf.modules or modules.conf file in the etc directory:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<pre>
|
|||
|
alias ppp-compress-21 bsd_comp
|
|||
|
alias ppp-compress-24 ppp_deflate
|
|||
|
alias ppp-compress-26 ppp_deflate
|
|||
|
</pre>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
and reboot. Regards Werner Gerstmann
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 9 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/13"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: File formats!!!</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 13:28:52 -0700 (PDT)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Srinivasa Shikaripura
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:srinivasa_sa@yahoo.com">srinivasa_sa@yahoo.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
hi,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
There are definitely well defined file formats.
|
|||
|
If you are looking for Windows/Dos, the file formats
|
|||
|
are <TT>.COM</TT> and <TT>.EXE.</TT> To get to know about these formats
|
|||
|
refer to any standard assmbly language book, like
|
|||
|
"Introduction to assmbley languge" (not sure about the title)
|
|||
|
by Peter Norton and Socha.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
In *nix world there are two famous execution file
|
|||
|
formats(AFAIK),
|
|||
|
"a.out" and "elf (Executable and Linking Format)".
|
|||
|
"a.out" is a little old standard and Linux came out of that
|
|||
|
format sometime back. elf is a old but very generic and good
|
|||
|
one.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
There is a standards document somewhere which defines the
|
|||
|
format of an elf file. Even you could try 'man elf' and
|
|||
|
it could tell you something.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
In short, elf file contains a number of sections,
|
|||
|
one for each of constant-data, un-initialized data,
|
|||
|
executable code, startup-code and debug-info tables.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
May be if you look at programs like objdump or elf library
|
|||
|
(libelf.o) related header files, you would get interesting
|
|||
|
things.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hope that helps a little.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
cheers
|
|||
|
-Sas
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<!-- end 13 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/18"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: KPPP Question</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 09:55:35 -0700 (PDT)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: adh math
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:adh_math@yahoo.com">adh_math@yahoo.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Dear Ms. Parker,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I hope you've gotten your question posted at Linux
|
|||
|
Gazette answered by now (six weeks later), but in case
|
|||
|
not, here are some suggestions:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
In the KPPP Setup dialogue, under the IP Address tab
|
|||
|
there's a box "configure hostname automatically";
|
|||
|
*un-check* this box.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
KPPP does indeed edit <TT>/etc/resolve.conf</TT>, but if (under
|
|||
|
the DNS tab in Setup) you do not check the box
|
|||
|
"disable existing DNS servers" then your default DNS
|
|||
|
server (e.g., your local caching DNS server, if you've
|
|||
|
set one up) should also work, and will be tried before
|
|||
|
your ISP's DNS server is consulted.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Again, I hope this is <EM>not</EM> helpful (i.e., that you've
|
|||
|
already gotten things working again
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="top">.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
adh
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 18 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/10"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: about stripping libraries</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 13:14:19 +0200 (CEST)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Dario Papoff
|
|||
|
(<A HREF="mailto:papoff@jetai.org"
|
|||
|
>papoff@jetai.org</A>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hi,
|
|||
|
<BR>when you strip a library with strip or objcopy <TT>--strip-all</TT> you
|
|||
|
don't wipe out the dynamic symbol table, this mean that static
|
|||
|
libraries become useless but when you strip a dynamic library you don't
|
|||
|
loose dynamic symbols (have a look with nm <TT>-D</TT> or objdump <TT>-T</TT> on your
|
|||
|
stripped library) and so library functions can be still referenced
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Bye,
|
|||
|
Dario Papoff
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 10 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/17"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: kppp playing up</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 2 Jul 2000 17:41:38 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Pierre Abbat
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:phma@oltronics.net">phma@oltronics.net</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I have a LAN, so my boxes have 192.168 addresses, but I use kppp as you do.
|
|||
|
Here are the relevant options:
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Bring up kppp, hit Setup, under the Accounts tab select the ISP, and hit Edit.
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
IP: Uncheck "Auto-configure hostname".
|
|||
|
<br>DNS: If you run your own name server, the address list should have only
|
|||
|
0.0.0.0.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>Some versions of libc will not work if <TT>/etc/resolv.conf</TT> has the word
|
|||
|
"localhost" in it. If "Disable existing" is checked, the contents of
|
|||
|
<TT>/etc/resolv.conf</TT> will be commented out while you are on line.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
phma
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 17 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/22"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Intel i810</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 25 Jun 2000 11:23:02 EDT
|
|||
|
<BR>From: GregV (<a href="mailto:Kvgov@aol.com">Kvgov@aol.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Dear Answer Guy,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Searching for more inormation about the i810 chipset I came across
|
|||
|
your discussion about it and Linux.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I had a similar porblem with my Linux installation, where as Linux installed
|
|||
|
fine and I could utilize the command line wihtout a problem. However I had no
|
|||
|
graphics support, that is to say no XFree86.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
The soultion to this porblem is to be found at support.intel.com, under the
|
|||
|
i810 fourm site. They have the X server and Kernel module and complete
|
|||
|
instrcutions for how to install and use the software. You must however read
|
|||
|
the fourm posts as there are a few tricks to the setup procedure.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
That being said, I would like to know when/if kernel support will be provided
|
|||
|
for the i810 chipset. Actually I would rather learn how to find this
|
|||
|
information for myself. If you teach a man to fish, etc....
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Thanks,
|
|||
|
<br>GregV
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<blockquote><em>[ Xfree86 is a userspace application; the kernel is only
|
|||
|
involved a tiny bit for video (unless you use framebuffer, then
|
|||
|
kernel space is doing a lot of the work). A good way to search
|
|||
|
is to download a current kernel source package from
|
|||
|
<a href="http://www.kernel.org/">kernel.org</a>, install it, and
|
|||
|
grep around in its Documentation/ directory. You can also give
|
|||
|
keywords you find here (like "AGP" "framebuffer" etc.) to normal
|
|||
|
search engines like the <I>Gazette's</I> own, or Google!
|
|||
|
-- Ed.]</em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 22 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/26"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: fsck</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 11:19:10 -0700 (PDT)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: adh math
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:adh_math@yahoo.com">adh_math@yahoo.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Dear Mr. Gauthier,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
When you run fsck (or e2fsck) on a filesystem, it is
|
|||
|
<EM>very important</EM> that the filesystem be mounted
|
|||
|
read-only; otherwise fsck will do further (possibly
|
|||
|
severe) damage to the filesystem being checked.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
As you may know, Linux stores data in RAM buffers, so
|
|||
|
when there's a sudden power-out, a lot of data about
|
|||
|
the running system is lost. However, unless the power
|
|||
|
goes out while you're booting, I don't think you
|
|||
|
should lose configuration files like inetd.conf.
|
|||
|
That's what makes me suspect that fsck was run on a
|
|||
|
read-write filesystem.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Recent kernels (2.2.14 or later, say) are better about
|
|||
|
syncing RAM buffers to the disk every minute or so (so
|
|||
|
less data is lost in a crash), and ext3 (the new
|
|||
|
filesystem type) handles crashes better than ext2 (in
|
|||
|
theory
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
About desktop applications, <A HREF="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</A> allows you to add
|
|||
|
executable icons on your desktop; right click on the
|
|||
|
desktop and select "New Application" in the dialogue
|
|||
|
box that pops up, then fill in information as
|
|||
|
directed. You should have a couple of clock programs,
|
|||
|
such as "xclock", "oclock", perhaps even "daliclock"
|
|||
|
(perhaps this is a <A HREF="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</A> program...?).
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hope that's helpful.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
adh
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 26 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/31"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: RH Upgrade Problems</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 10 Jul 2000 04:13:12 +0100 (WEST)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Luis Pinto
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:lmpinto@student.dei.uc.pt">lmpinto@student.dei.uc.pt</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hi! I saw your question on <I>Linux Gazette</I>, which i try to respond:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
After the upgrade, you have probably erased your
|
|||
|
<TT>/etc/X11/XF86Config.</TT> Now, the computer is trying to boot X upon the linux
|
|||
|
boot because you have the line:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<Pre>
|
|||
|
id:5:initdefault:
|
|||
|
</Pre>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
in your <TT>/etc/inittab</TT> file. You must change the number 5 to 3. To do so,
|
|||
|
you must boot giving the 'single' option to LILO:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<Pre>
|
|||
|
LILO boot: linux single
|
|||
|
</Pre>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Then, you must edit the <TT>/etc/inittab</TT> file, change the previous line, and
|
|||
|
reboot. After that, you must use Xconfigurator, XF86Setup or any other
|
|||
|
tool to configure your X.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Hope to have helped...
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Luis Pinto
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 31 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/25"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: linux crash</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Sun, 2 Jul 2000 17:53:36 -0400
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Pierre Abbat
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:phma@oltronics.net">phma@oltronics.net</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
You may have a bad sector. I had a bad sector in the inode area, and every so
|
|||
|
often a file would land there and cause havoc. The worst was when <TT>/etc/mtab</TT>
|
|||
|
landed on the bad inode. The computer couldn't tell what was mounted and
|
|||
|
refused to boot. I fixed it with fsck <TT>-c</TT> .
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
phma
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 25 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/27"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Port forwarding</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 11:46:29 -0700 (PDT)
|
|||
|
<BR>From: adh math
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:adh_math@yahoo.com">adh_math@yahoo.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Dear Mr. Adams,
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Regarding your June 15 post at Linux Gazette, you
|
|||
|
might swing the desired arrangement with port
|
|||
|
forwarding on the proxy server (ipportfw, one of the
|
|||
|
IP masquerading utilities), but it may not be easy
|
|||
|
(read: impossible if you don't have root access on the
|
|||
|
proxy, merely difficult otherwise). I'm pretty sure
|
|||
|
it's impossible if the proxy is also accepting HTTP
|
|||
|
connections on port 80, since you can't (to my
|
|||
|
knowledge) run two services on the same port.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Even if the technicalities can be overcome, there are
|
|||
|
good reasons not to allow telnet connections through
|
|||
|
your proxy firewall's www port:
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P><ol>
|
|||
|
<li> Your employer is presumably monitoring all network
|
|||
|
activity, and may not appreciate having the firewall
|
|||
|
breached (or circumvented, if you prefer).
|
|||
|
<li> It makes the firewall and the network behind it
|
|||
|
more vulnerable to attack (because it complicates the
|
|||
|
routing rulesets, opens another port/service, etc,
|
|||
|
etc).
|
|||
|
<li> Telnet sends clear text passwords, and should not
|
|||
|
be used for any reason over a non-private network; ssh
|
|||
|
(secure shell) is a no-cost, open source, encrypted
|
|||
|
replacement, and is very easy to compile and install
|
|||
|
(again, if you have root access).
|
|||
|
</ol></P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
(That's just off the top of my head...I'm confident
|
|||
|
there are other good reasons
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Well, not to lecture, but it sounds like a bad idea to
|
|||
|
me. More positively, I think you'd do better to
|
|||
|
convince your employer to run an SSH server inside the
|
|||
|
firewall, and/or to allow outgoing SSH connections.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Sincerely,
|
|||
|
<br>adh
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 27 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/32"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: re: linux booting</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 00:10:04 -0500
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Jim Liedeka
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:jliedeka@facstaff.wisc.edu">jliedeka@facstaff.wisc.edu</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
I have run into the problem you are describing. I added a SCSI card to
|
|||
|
my machine which hosed Win95. I never did get Win95 working but I kept
|
|||
|
hosing my boot sector trying to reinstall it. The solution is really
|
|||
|
pretty simple.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p><ol>
|
|||
|
<li> Obtain a boot disk. If you don't have one, you can make one from
|
|||
|
linux by typing (as root)
|
|||
|
<br>
|
|||
|
<tt>mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0</tt> <kernel version #>
|
|||
|
<li> This will save you some time, copy down the information from
|
|||
|
<TT>/etc/fstab</TT> related to your hard disk partitions. When you boot from the
|
|||
|
floppy, nothing will be mounted for you. You have to do it manually.
|
|||
|
<li> Boot from the floppy and type "rescue" at the lilo prompt.
|
|||
|
<li> Now you are in a minimal linux environment. You won't have all the
|
|||
|
nifty commands but that's okay. You need to mount your <TT>/</TT> partition and
|
|||
|
possibly other partitions if <TT>/etc</TT>, <TT>/sbin</TT>, <TT>/boot</TT> and possible <TT>/usr</TT> and/or
|
|||
|
/usr/local.
|
|||
|
<li> <tt>chroot /</TT>, this isn't strictly necessary but the other way is much
|
|||
|
harder.
|
|||
|
<li> run <TT>/sbin/lilo.</TT> That should rewrite the boot sector and allow you to
|
|||
|
boot with lilo.
|
|||
|
</ol></p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
I wrote this from memory so I may have left out a step or two but I hope
|
|||
|
this will give you the idea.
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<p>
|
|||
|
Jim
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 32 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/33"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Anyone out there know more?</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Tue, 11 Jul 2000 10:47:00 +1000
|
|||
|
<BR>From: chimera
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:chimera@alphalink.com.au">chimera@alphalink.com.au</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<P><STRONG>
|
|||
|
I think either objcopy or strip can be used. However, the Linux
|
|||
|
Bootdisk HOWTO says that only debug symbols should be removed
|
|||
|
(<TT>--strip-debug</TT>). What would happen if everything is removed
|
|||
|
(<TT>--strip-all</TT>)? I have tried and the resulting boot/root disk seems to
|
|||
|
be OK. However, something must be wrong ...
|
|||
|
</STRONG></P>
|
|||
|
P>
|
|||
|
I found this out after some hair-pulling exercise. Some distributions
|
|||
|
have a "depmod <TT>-a"</TT> in the initialisation scripts. This uses the
|
|||
|
object symbols to resolve the dependances between modules. If you strip
|
|||
|
all, depmod cannot resolve and hence cannot work out that whenever you
|
|||
|
load sound.o you will also need to load sb.o.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
If your bootdisk already has a depmod, then I suppose you can strip-all
|
|||
|
to save space. There maybe other reasons why you shouldn't do a
|
|||
|
strip-all that I don't know about.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
chimera
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 33 -->
|
|||
|
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
|
|||
|
<P> <A NAME="tag/39"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
|
|||
|
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
|
|||
|
<FONT COLOR="navy">ANSWER: Linux Voice Mail, etc.</FONT></H3>
|
|||
|
Mon, 26 Jun 2000 13:05:21 CDT
|
|||
|
<BR>From: Heather Stern, Linux Gazette Technical Editor
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:linux-questions-only@ssc.com">linux-questions-only@ssc.com</a>)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<p>Norman King
|
|||
|
(<a href="mailto:cable4096@hotmail.com">cable4096@hotmail.com</a>) wrote:
|
|||
|
</p>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I saw a post by you on the Linux Gazzette about Voice Mail, E-Mail, Faxes,
|
|||
|
etc. integrated on Linux. You said it was possible via scripts, but you did
|
|||
|
not cite any examples of software to use to do this.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
I have seen mgetty+sendfax but it is not ready for prime-time and won't work
|
|||
|
with but a few voice modems, and even still, doesn't always work and is in
|
|||
|
the beta test stage.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Do you know of any open-sourced, shareware, freeware, or commercial Linux
|
|||
|
solutions that do all of this that costs under $200 if commercial?
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
Thanks.
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<blockquote><EM><p>[
|
|||
|
You could certainly try HylaFax, it is open source and absolutely free.
|
|||
|
Specifically, the fellow who wrote it works at SGI, and they let him
|
|||
|
give it away, as long as they get to disclaim everything and not be
|
|||
|
involved in it. So check out <A HREF="http://www.hylafax.org"
|
|||
|
>http://www.hylafax.org</A> right away
|
|||
|
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
|
|||
|
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
|
|||
|
</P>
|
|||
|
<P>
|
|||
|
There are probably others, I'm sure we'll get notes about it now.
|
|||
|
--Heather.]</P></em></blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- end 39 -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- END tips.answers -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- *** BEGIN copyright *** -->
|
|||
|
<P> <hr> <P>
|
|||
|
<H5 ALIGN=center>
|
|||
|
This page written and maintained by the Editors of the <I>Linux Gazette</I>.
|
|||
|
Copyright © 2000, <A HREF="mailto:gazette@ssc.com">gazette@ssc.com</A><BR>
|
|||
|
Published in Issue 56 of <i>Linux Gazette</i>, August 2000</H5>
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END copyright *** -->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<!-- startcut ============================================================-->
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
<CENTER>
|
|||
|
<!-- *** BEGIN navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
<IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/left.jpg" WIDTH="14" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"><A HREF="lg_answer56.html"><IMG ALT="[ Prev ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/prev.jpg" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Table of Contents ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/toc.jpg" WIDTH="220" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><A HREF="../index.html"><IMG ALT="[ Front Page ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/frontpage.jpg" WIDTH="137" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="../faq/index.html"><IMG ALT="[ FAQ ]" SRC="./../gx/navbar/faq.jpg"WIDTH="62" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom"></A><A HREF="collinge.html"><IMG ALT="[ Next ]" SRC="../gx/navbar/next.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" BORDER="0" ALIGN="bottom" ></A><IMG ALT="" SRC="../gx/navbar/right.jpg" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="bottom">
|
|||
|
<!-- *** END navbar *** -->
|
|||
|
</CENTER>
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
</BODY></HTML>
|
|||
|
<!-- endcut ============================================================-->
|