mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
663 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
663 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
==================== Changes in man-pages-4.00 ====================
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Released: 2015-05-07, Munich
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Contributors
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------------
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The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
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in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
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incorporated in changes in this release:
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Advait Dixi <advaitdixit@hotmail.com>
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Alain Kalker <a.c.kalker@gmail.com>
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Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
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Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
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Andreas Heiduk <asheiduk@googlemail.com>
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Askar Safin <safinaskar@mail.ru>
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Brice Goglin <Brice.Goglin@inria.fr>
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Cameron Norman <camerontnorman@gmail.com>
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Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
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Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
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Christophe Lohr <Christophe.Lohr@telecom-bretagne.eu>
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Christopher Head <chead@chead.ca>
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Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
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David Wilcox <davidvsthegiant@gmail.com>
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Denis Du <denisdu@ruggedcom.com>
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Egmont Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
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Filipe Brandenburger <filbranden@gmail.com>
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Filipus Klutiero <chealer@gmail.com>
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Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
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Frédéric Maria <frederic.maria@free.fr>
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Gleb Fotengauer-Malinovskiy <glebfm@altlinux.org>
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Graham Shaw <gdshaw@riscpkg.org>
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Gregor Jasny <igjasny@googlemail.com>
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Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
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Guy Harris <guy@alum.mit.edu>
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Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
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Ian Pilcher <arequipeno@gmail.com>
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Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
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Jason Newton <nevion@gmail.com>
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J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
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Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
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Joachim Wuttke <j.wuttke@fz-juelich.de>
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Joern Heissler <contact@joern.heissler.de>
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Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
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Joonas Salo <salo.joonas@gmail.com>
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Jussi Lehtola <jussilehtola@fedoraproject.org>
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Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
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KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
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Laurence Gonsalves <laurence@xenomachina.com>
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Magnus REFTEL <magnus.xm.reftel@stericsson.com>
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Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Regid Ichira <regid23@nt1.in>
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Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
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Steinar H. Gunderson <sgunderson@bigfoot.com>
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Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
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Stephane Fillod <fillods@users.sf.net>
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Tetsuo Handa <from-linux-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
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Thomas Hood <jdthood@gmail.com>
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Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
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Vasiliy Kulikov <segooon@gmail.com>
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Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
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Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
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William Woodruff <william@tuffbizz.com>
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Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
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Apologies if I missed anyone!
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New and rewritten pages
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-----------------------
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get_phys_pages.3
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William Woodruff
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Document get_phys_pages() and get_avphys_pages()
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loop.4
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Urs Thuermann, Michael Kerrisk
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New page documenting the loop device
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xattr.7
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Andreas Gruenbacher
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Import attr(5) man page from the 'attr' project
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After discussions with Andreas Gruenbacher, it makes sense to
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move this page into man-pages, since it mostly relates to
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kernel details. Since this is an overview page,
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we'll move it to Section 7.
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Michael Kerrisk
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Rename page
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"xattr" is a more meaningful name than "attr" (it resonates
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with the names of the system calls), so as long as we are
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moving the page to a new section, we'll change the name as well,
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and retain an acl(5) link so that old references remain valid.
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Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
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---------------------------------------------
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mmap.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Andi Kleen]
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Document MAP_HUGE_2MB, MAP_HUGE_1GB, and MAP_HUGE_SHIFT
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shmget.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Andi Kleen]
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Document SHM_HUGE_2MB, SHM_HUGE_1GB, and SHM_HUGE_SHIFT
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resolver.3
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Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan Nieder]
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Add descriptions of some other resolver functions
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Add res_ninit(), res_nquery(), res_nsearch(),
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and res_nquerydomain(), res_nmkquery(), res_nsend().
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tty_ioctl.4
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Frédéric Maria [Stephane Fillod, Andreas Heiduk]
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Document TIOCMIWAIT and TIOCGICOUNT
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Michael Kerrisk
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Document TIOCGEXCL
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Michael Kerrisk
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Document TIOGCPKT
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Michael Kerrisk
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Document TIOCSPTLCK
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Michael Kerrisk
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Document TIOCGPTLCK
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New and changed links
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---------------------
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CMSG_DATA.3
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Michael Kerrisk
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New link to cmsg(3)
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CMSG_LEN.3
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Michael Kerrisk
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New link to cmsg(3)
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dprintf.3
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Michael Kerrisk
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Convert to a link to printf.3
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get_avphys_pages.3
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William Woodruff
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New link to new get_phys_pages.3 page
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res_ninit.3
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res_nmkquery.3
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res_nquery.3
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res_nquerydomain.3
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res_nsearch.3
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res_nsend.3
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Michael Kerrisk
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New links to resolver(3) man page
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loop-control.4
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Michael Kerrisk
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New link to loop.4
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attr.5
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Michael Kerrisk
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New link to xattr(7)
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Global changes
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--------------
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chown.2
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execve.2
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prctl.2
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truncate.2
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proc.5
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capabilities.7
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ld.so.8
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Michael Kerrisk
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Tighter wording: 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
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For sticky, set-UID, and set-GID mode bits (as used in POSIX).
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Changes to individual pages
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---------------------------
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add_key.2
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keyctl.2
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request_key.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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SEE ALSO: add keyrings(7)
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add_key.2
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request_key.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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SEE ALSO: add keyctl(3)
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epoll_ctl.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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After EPOLLHUP, EOF will be seen only after all data has been consumed
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epoll_wait.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Clarify that signal mask treatment in epoll_pwait() is per-thread
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s/sigprocmask()/pthread_sigmask()/
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fcntl.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Vegard Nossum]
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Note an F_SETSIG corner case
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get_mempolicy.2, set_mempolicy
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Brice Goglin
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Policy is per thread, not per process
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getxattr.2
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listxattr.2
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removexattr.2
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setxattr.2
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capabilities.7
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Michael Kerrisk
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Adjust "attr(5)" references to "xattr(7)"
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ioctl.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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SEE ALSO: add console_ioctl(2) and tty_ioctl(2)
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listxattr.2
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xattr.7
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Michael Kerrisk
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Describe listxattr(2) E2BIG error and document it as a BUG
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mkdir.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Wording fixes + point reader at stat(2) for explanation of file mode
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Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Grünbacher]
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Further tweaks to text on S_ISVTX and 'mode' argument
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mknod.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Rewordings + point reader at stat(2) for details of mode bits
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mmap.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Remove text that implies that munmap() syncs MAP_SHARED mapping to file
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The existing text in this page:
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MAP_SHARED Share this mapping. Updates to the mapping
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are visible to other processes that map this
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file, and are carried through to the underly‐
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ing file. The file may not actually be
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updated until msync(2) or munmap() is called.
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implies that munmap() will sync the mapping to the underlying
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file. POSIX doesn't require this, and some light reading of the
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code and some light testing (fsync() after munmap() of a large
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file) also indicates that Linux doesn't do this.
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msync.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Rework text of DESCRIPTION
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Rewrite the text somewhat, for easier comprehension.
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No (intentional) changes to factual content
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nfsservctl.2
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Michael Kerrisk [J. Bruce Fields]
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Note that nfsservctl() was replaced by files in nfsd filesystem
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open.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Gruenbacher]
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open() honors the S_ISVTX, S_ISUID, and S_ISGID bits in 'mode'
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Michael Kerrisk
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Tighten wording: use 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
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Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown]
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BUGS: O_CREAT | O_DIRECTORY succeeds if pathname does not exist
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poll.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Ian Pilcher]
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Clarify that signal mask treatment in ppoll() is per-thread
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s/sigprocmask()/pthread_sigmask()/
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Michael Kerrisk [Sam Varshavchik]
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After POLLHUP, EOF will be seen only after all data has been consumed
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Michael Kerrisk
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Make it clearer which bits are ignored in 'events'
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prctl.2
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Michael Kerrisk [David Wilcox, Filipe Brandenburger]
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Note that "parent" for purposes of PR_SET_DEATHSIG is a *thread*
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43300
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sendfile.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Jason Newton]
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Note that sendfile does not support O_APPEND for 'out_fd'
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=82841
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Michael Kerrisk [Gregor Jasny]
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RETURN VALUE: note the possibility of "short sends"
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97491
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Michael Kerrisk [Askar Safin]
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Clarify text on 'out_fd' and regular files in Linux 2.4
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=86001
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shutdown.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Stéphane Aulery]
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BUGS: UNIX domain sockets now detect invalid 'how' values
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Bug fixed in Linux 3.7.
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47111
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sigaction.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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Refer the reader to fcntl(2) F_SETSIG for further details on si_fd
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stat.2
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Jann Horn
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Add note about stat() being racy
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Andreas Gruenbacher
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Improve description of some mode constants
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Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Grünbacher]
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Remove excessive leading zeros on some constants
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Michael Kerrisk
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Add text on POSIX terms "file mode bits" and "file permission bits"
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Recent changes to various pages employ this distinction.
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Michael Kerrisk
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Tighten wording: use 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
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According to POSIX, the the 9 UGO*RWX bits are permissions, and
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'mode' is used to refer to collectively to those bits plus sticky,
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set-UID, and set_GID bits.
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syslog.2
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Michael Kerrisk
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SEE ALSO: add dmesg(1)
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umask.2
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open.2
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mknod.2
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mkdir.2
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Andreas Gruenbacher
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Explain what default ACLs do
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Explain the effect that default ACLs have (instead of the umask)
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in umask.2. Mention that default ACLs can have an affect in
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open.2, mknod.2, and mkdir.2.
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unshare.2
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Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
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Give the reader a hint that unshare() works on processes or threads
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=59281
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atexit.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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bsearch.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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cmsg.3
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Michael Kerrisk [Christopher Head]
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Fix error in SCM_RIGHTS code sample
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Remove erroneous second initialization of msg.msg_controllen
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in the example code for SCM_RIGHTS.
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15952
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CPU_SET.3
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Chris Metcalf
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Clarify language about "available" cpus
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The CPU_SET.3 man page uses the adjective "available" when
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explaining what the argument to CPU_SET() means. This is
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confusing, since "available" isn't well-defined. The kernel
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has a set of adjectives (possible, present, online, and active)
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that qualify cpus, but normally none of these are what the
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cpu_set_t bit index means: it's just "which cpu", using the
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kernel's internal numbering system, even if that cpu isn't
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possible or present.
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This change removes the word "available" and adds a sentence
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warning that cpu sets may not be contiguous due to dynamic
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cpu hotplug, etc.
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err.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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ftw.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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gethostbyname.3
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Carlos O'Donell
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NSS plugins searched first
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Carlos O'Donell
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"order" is obsolete
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gethostid.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
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getmntent.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
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get_nprocs_conf.3
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Michael Kerrisk
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Use exit() rather than return in main()
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getopt.3
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Michael Kerrisk [Guy Harris]
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Remove crufty BUGS section
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See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90261
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iconv_close.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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inet_ntop.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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longjmp.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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lsearch.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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mcheck.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
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on_exit.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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printf.3
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Michael Kerrisk [Egmont Koblinger]
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Merge dprintf() and vdprintf() discussion into this page
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Michael Kerrisk
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SEE ALSO: add puts(3)
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Michael Kerrisk
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Move return value discussion to proper RETURN VALUE section
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putpwent.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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qsort.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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regex.3
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Michael Kerrisk [Laurence Gonsalves]
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Fix error in description of 'cflags'
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'cflags' is a bit mask of *zero* (not one) or more flags.
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resolver.3
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Stéphane Aulery
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Add info about RES_INSECURE1 and RES_INSECURE2 option in debug mode
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scanf.3
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Joern Heissler
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Improve description of %n specifier
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setjmp.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
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setlocale.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
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setlogmask.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
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sleep.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
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strsignal.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
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sysconf.3
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Zeng Linggang
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ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
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undocumented.3
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William Woodruff
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Remove documented functions
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tty_ioctl.4
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Michael Kerrisk [Denis Du]
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Fix error in code example
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proc.5
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Michael Kerrisk [Cameron Norman, Vasiliy Kulikov]
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Document /proc mount options
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Document the 'hidepid' and 'gid' mount options that were added in
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Linux 3.3. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90641
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Based on text by Vasiliy Kulikov in
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Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
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Michael Kerrisk [Kirill A. Shutemov]
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Improve description of /proc/PID/status
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Guillem Jover
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Document /proc/PID/exe behaviour on unlinked pathnames
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Michael Kerrisk [Weijie Yang]
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Document /proc/PID/status VmPMD
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resolv.conf.5
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Stéphane Aulery [Thomas Hood]
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Document use-vc option added to glibc 2.14
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Fix Ubuntu bug #1110781:
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/1110781
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Stéphane Aulery [Thomas Hood]
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Document RES_SNGLKUPREOP
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Fix Ubuntu bug #1110781:
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/1110781
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tzfile.5
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Sam Varshavchik
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Add various details on version 2 format
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aio.7
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Michael Kerrisk
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Add details and update URL for OLS 2003 paper on AIO
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xattr.7
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Michael Kerrisk
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Document EA limits for Btrfs
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Document VFS-imposed limits on EAs
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VFS imposes a 255-byte limit on EA names, and a 64kB limit on
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EA values.
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Michael Kerrisk
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The ext[234] block limitation applies to sum of all EAs
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||
It is not a per-EA limit.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Clarify permissions required to work with 'user' EAs
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
ext2 and ext3 no longer need mounting with 'user_xattr' for user EAs
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Add various relevant pages to SEE ALSO
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Add CONFORMING TO section
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Modify headings to man-pages norms
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Btrfs also supports extended attributes
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
File capabilities are implemented using *security* attributes
|
||
Not *system* attributes
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Describe limit on EA values for JFS, XFS, and Reiserfs
|
||
|
||
bootparam.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Alain Kalker]
|
||
Update discussion of 'debug' option
|
||
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97161
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Summary of multiple changes: remove cruft from this page.
|
||
Much of the detail on hardware specifics in this page dates
|
||
from the 20th century. (The last major update to this page was in
|
||
man-pages-1.14!) It's hugely out of date now (many of these
|
||
devices disappeared from the kernel years ago.) So, I've taken
|
||
a large scythe to the page to remove anything that looks
|
||
seriously dated. In the process, the page has shrunk to less
|
||
than 50% of its previous size.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove "buff=" details
|
||
This seems to have gone away in Linux 2.2.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "Mouse drivers" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "General non-device-specific boot arguments" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "Hard disks" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "mem=" details
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty details on IBM MCA bus devices
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove 'swap=" details
|
||
This seems to have gone away in Linux 2.2,
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty floppy disk driver options
|
||
In the specific case of floppy drives: the drivers still
|
||
exist, but it's been a while since most of saw these devices
|
||
in the wild. So, just refer the reader to the kernel source
|
||
file for details. (The detail in this man page was after all
|
||
originally drawn from that file.)
|
||
Remove crufty "ISDN drivers" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "line printer driver" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "Serial port drivers" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty reference to CONFIG_BUGi386
|
||
That option disappeared in Linux 2.4.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty text
|
||
"bootsetups array" dates from Linux 2.0.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty "Video hardware" options
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty SCSI device driver options
|
||
|
||
fanotify.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
|
||
Since Linux 3.19, fallocate(2) generates FAN_MODIFY events
|
||
|
||
inotify.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
|
||
Since Linux 3.19, fallocate(2) generates IN_MODIFY events
|
||
|
||
ip.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Explain how IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP determines its argument type
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Jiri Pirko, Magnus REFTEL]
|
||
Clarify details of the IP_MULTICAST_IF socket option
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Advait Dixi]
|
||
Remove dubious text that says that SO_PRIORITY set IP TOS
|
||
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=35852
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Relocate misplaced text describing ENOPROTOOPT error
|
||
|
||
packet.7
|
||
Graham Shaw
|
||
Add sll_protocol to list of required fields for outbound packets
|
||
|
||
pthreads.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro]
|
||
Using thread IDs whose lifetime has expired gives undefined behavior
|
||
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=53061
|
||
|
||
raw.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
|
||
For incoming datagrams, sin_port is set to zero
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Mention sendto(), recvfrom(), and so on when discussing address format
|
||
This gives the reader a little context for the following
|
||
discussion of 'sin_port'.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Remove crufty reference to <netinet/in.h>
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Replace reference to RFC 1700 with pointer to IANA protocol number list
|
||
|
||
signal.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Steinar H. Gunderson]
|
||
Clarify that I/O operations on disks are not interrupted by signals
|
||
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97721
|
||
|
||
unix.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk [Christophe Lohr]
|
||
Remove mention of UNIX_PATH_MAX
|
||
This kernel constant is not exposed to user space.
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Note the 108 bytes for sun_path is how things are done on Linux
|
||
And refer the reader to NOTES for discussion of portability.
|
||
|
||
|
||
xattr.7
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Explicitly mention some of the xattr system calls in DESCRIPTION
|
||
Naming the system calls helps to orient the reader
|
||
|
||
nscd.8
|
||
Michael Kerrisk
|
||
Add mention of 'services' and 'netgroup' databases
|
||
This makes the page consistent with nscd.conf(5).
|