mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
215 lines
6.2 KiB
Groff
215 lines
6.2 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright 1996 Daniel Quinlan (Daniel.Quinlan@linux.org)
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.\"
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.\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_DOC_FULL)
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.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
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.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
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.\"
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.\" intermediate and printed output.
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.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
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.\"
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.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
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.\" License along with this manual; if not, see
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.\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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.\" %%%LICENSE_END
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.\"
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.\" 2007-12-14 mtk Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS.
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.\"
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.TH FILESYSTEMS 5 2014-01-15 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.nh
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.SH NAME
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filesystems \- Linux filesystem types: minix, ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, Reiserfs,
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XFS, JFS, xiafs, msdos,
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umsdos, vfat, ntfs, proc, nfs, iso9660, hpfs, sysv, smb, ncpfs
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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When, as is customary, the
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.B proc
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filesystem is mounted on
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.IR /proc ,
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you can find in the file
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.I /proc/filesystems
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which filesystems your kernel currently supports;
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see
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.BR proc (5)
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for more details.
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If you need a currently unsupported filesystem, insert the corresponding
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module or recompile the kernel.
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In order to use a filesystem, you have to
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.I mount
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it; see
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.BR mount (8).
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Below a short description of the available or historically available
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filesystems in Linux kernel. See kernel documentation for a comprehensive
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description of all options and limitations.
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.TP 10
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.B minix
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is the filesystem used in the Minix operating system, the first to run
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under Linux.
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It has a number of shortcomings, including a 64MB partition size
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limit, short filenames, and a single timestamp.
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It remains useful for floppies and RAM disks.
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.TP
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.B ext
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is an elaborate extension of the
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.B minix
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filesystem.
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It has been completely superseded by the second version
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of the extended filesystem
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.RB ( ext2 )
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and has been removed from the kernel (in 2.1.21).
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.TP
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.B ext2
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is the high performance disk filesystem used by Linux for fixed disks
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as well as removable media.
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The second extended filesystem was designed as an extension of the
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extended filesystem
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.RB ( ext ).
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.B ext2
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offers the best performance (in terms of speed and CPU usage) of
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the filesystems supported under Linux.
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.RB See " ext2 " (5).
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.TP
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.B ext3
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is a journaling version of the
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.B ext2
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filesystem.
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It is easy to
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switch back and forth between
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.BR ext2 " and " ext3 .
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.RB See " ext3 " (5).
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.TP
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.B ext4
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is a set of upgrades to
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.B ext3
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including substantial performance and
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reliability enhancements,
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plus large increases in volume, file, and directory size limits.
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.RB See " ext4 " (5).
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.TP
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.B Reiserfs
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is a journaling filesystem, designed by Hans Reiser,
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that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.1.
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.TP
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.B XFS
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is a journaling filesystem, developed by SGI,
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that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.20.
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.TP
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.B JFS
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is a journaling filesystem, developed by IBM,
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that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.24.
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.TP
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.B xiafs
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was designed and implemented to be a stable, safe filesystem by
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extending the Minix filesystem code.
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It provides the basic most
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requested features without undue complexity.
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The
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.B xiafs
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filesystem is no longer actively developed or maintained.
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It was removed from the kernel in 2.1.21.
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.TP
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.B msdos
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is the filesystem used by DOS, Windows, and some OS/2 computers.
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.B msdos
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filenames can be no longer than 8 characters, followed by an
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optional period and 3 character extension.
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.TP
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.B umsdos
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is an extended DOS filesystem used by Linux.
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It adds capability for
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long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and special files
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(devices, named pipes, etc.) under the DOS filesystem, without
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sacrificing compatibility with DOS.
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.TP
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.B vfat
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is an extended DOS filesystem used by Microsoft Windows95 and Windows NT.
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.B vfat
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adds the capability to use long filenames under the MSDOS filesystem.
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.TP
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.B ntfs
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replaces Microsoft Window's FAT filesystems (VFAT, FAT32).
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It has reliability, performance, and space-utilization enhancements
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plus features like ACLs, journaling, encryption, and so on.
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.TP
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.B proc
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is a pseudo filesystem which is used as an interface to kernel data
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structures rather than reading and interpreting
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.IR /dev/kmem .
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In particular, its files do not take disk space.
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See
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.BR proc (5).
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.TP
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.B iso9660
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is a CD-ROM filesystem type conforming to the ISO 9660 standard.
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.RS
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.TP
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.B "High Sierra"
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Linux supports High Sierra, the precursor to the ISO 9660 standard for
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CD-ROM filesystems.
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It is automatically recognized within the
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.B iso9660
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filesystem support under Linux.
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.TP
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.B "Rock Ridge"
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Linux also supports the System Use Sharing Protocol records specified
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by the Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol.
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They are used to further describe the files in the
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.B iso9660
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filesystem to a UNIX host, and provide information such as long
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filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and devices.
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It is automatically recognized within the
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.B iso9660
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filesystem support under Linux.
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.RE
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.TP
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.B hpfs
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is the High Performance Filesystem, used in OS/2.
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This filesystem is
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read-only under Linux due to the lack of available documentation.
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.TP
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.B sysv
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is an implementation of the SystemV/Coherent filesystem for Linux.
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It implements all of Xenix FS, SystemV/386 FS, and Coherent FS.
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.TP
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.B nfs
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is the network filesystem used to access disks located on remote computers.
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.TP
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.B smb
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is a network filesystem that supports the SMB protocol, used by
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Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan Manager.
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.sp
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To use
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.B smb
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fs, you need a special mount program, which can be found in the ksmbfs
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package, found at
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.UR ftp://sunsite.unc.edu\:/pub\:/Linux\:/system\:/Filesystems\:/smbfs
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.UE .
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.TP
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.B ncpfs
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is a network filesystem that supports the NCP protocol, used by
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Novell NetWare.
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.sp
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To use
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.BR ncpfs ,
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you need special programs, which can be found at
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.UR ftp://linux01.gwdg.de\:/pub\:/ncpfs
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.UE .
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR ext2 (5),
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.BR ext3 (5),
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.BR ext4 (5),
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.BR proc (5),
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.BR fsck (8),
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.BR mkfs (8),
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.BR mount (8)
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