mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
145 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
145 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
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.TH "TAN" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
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.\" tan
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.SH NAME
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tan, tanf, tanl \- tangent function
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.LP
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\fB#include <math.h>
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.br
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.sp
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double tan(double\fP \fIx\fP\fB);
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.br
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float tanf(float\fP \fIx\fP\fB);
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.br
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long double tanl(long double\fP \fIx\fP\fB);
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.br
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\fP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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These functions shall compute the tangent of their argument \fIx\fP,
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measured in radians.
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.LP
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An application wishing to check for error situations should set \fIerrno\fP
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to zero and call
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\fIfeclearexcept\fP(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before calling these functions.
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On return, if \fIerrno\fP is non-zero or
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\fIfetestexcept\fP(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW)
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is non-zero, an error has occurred.
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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.LP
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Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the tangent
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of \fIx\fP.
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.LP
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If the correct value would cause underflow, and is not representable,
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a range error may occur, and \ either 0.0 (if
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supported), or \ an implementation-defined value shall be
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returned.
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.LP
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If
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\fIx\fP is NaN, a NaN shall be returned.
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.LP
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If \fIx\fP is \(+-0, \fIx\fP shall be returned.
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.LP
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If \fIx\fP is subnormal, a range error may occur and \fIx\fP should
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be returned.
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.LP
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If \fIx\fP is \(+-Inf, a domain error shall occur, and either a NaN
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(if supported), or an implementation-defined value
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shall be returned.
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.LP
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If the correct value would cause underflow, and is representable,
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a range error may occur and the correct value shall be
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returned.
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.LP
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If the correct value would cause overflow, a range error shall occur
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and \fItan\fP(), \fItanf\fP(), and \fItanl\fP() shall
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return \(+-HUGE_VAL, \(+-HUGE_VALF, and \(+-HUGE_VALL, respectively,
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with the same sign as the correct value of the
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function.
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.SH ERRORS
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.LP
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These functions shall fail if:
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.TP 7
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Domain\ Error
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The value of \fIx\fP is \(+-Inf.
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.LP
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If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
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then \fIerrno\fP shall be set to [EDOM]. If the
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integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero,
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then the invalid floating-point exception shall be raised.
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.TP 7
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Range\ Error
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The result overflows
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.LP
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If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
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then \fIerrno\fP shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the
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integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero,
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then the overflow floating-point exception shall be raised.
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.sp
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.LP
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These functions may fail if:
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.TP 7
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Range\ Error
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The result underflows, \ or the value of \fIx\fP is subnormal.
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.LP
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If the integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) is non-zero,
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then \fIerrno\fP shall be set to [ERANGE]. If the
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integer expression (math_errhandling & MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero,
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then the underflow floating-point exception shall be
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raised.
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.sp
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.LP
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\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.SS Taking the Tangent of a 45-Degree Angle
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fB#include <math.h>
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\&...
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double radians = 45.0 * M_PI / 180;
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double result;
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\&...
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result = tan (radians);
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\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.SH APPLICATION USAGE
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.LP
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There are no known floating-point representations such that for a
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normal argument, \fItan\fP( \fIx\fP) is either overflow or
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underflow.
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.LP
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These functions may lose accuracy when their argument is near a multiple
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of pi/2 or is far
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from 0.0.
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.LP
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On error, the expressions (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) and (math_errhandling
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& MATH_ERREXCEPT) are independent of
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each other, but at least one of them must be non-zero.
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.SH RATIONALE
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.LP
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None.
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.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
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.LP
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None.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.LP
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\fIatan\fP() , \fIfeclearexcept\fP() , \fIfetestexcept\fP() , \fIisnan\fP()
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, the Base Definitions volume of
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IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, Section 4.18, Treatment of Error Conditions
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for
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Mathematical Functions, \fI<math.h>\fP
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.SH COPYRIGHT
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Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
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from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
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-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
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Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
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Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
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event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
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The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
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is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
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http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
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