mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
93 lines
3.1 KiB
Plaintext
93 lines
3.1 KiB
Plaintext
.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
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.TH "STDIN" 3P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
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.\" stdin
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.SH PROLOG
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This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
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The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
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the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
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or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
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.SH NAME
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stderr, stdin, stdout \- standard I/O streams
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.LP
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\fB#include <stdio.h>
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.br
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.sp
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extern FILE *stderr, *stdin, *stdout;
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.br
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\fP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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A file with associated buffering is called a \fIstream\fP and is declared
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to be a pointer to a defined type \fBFILE\fP. The \fIfopen\fP() function
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shall create certain descriptive data for a stream and return a pointer
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to designate the stream in all further transactions. Normally, there
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are three open streams with constant pointers declared in the
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\fI<stdio.h>\fP header and associated with the standard open files.
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.LP
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At program start-up, three streams shall be predefined and need not
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be opened explicitly: \fIstandard input\fP (for reading
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conventional input), \fIstandard output\fP (for writing conventional
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output), and \fIstandard error\fP (for writing diagnostic
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output). When opened, the standard error stream is not fully buffered;
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the standard input and standard output streams are fully
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buffered if and only if the stream can be determined not to refer
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to an interactive device.
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.LP
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The
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following symbolic values in \fI<unistd.h>\fP define the file descriptors
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that shall
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be associated with the C-language \fIstdin\fP, \fIstdout\fP, and \fIstderr\fP
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when the application is started:
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.TP 7
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STDIN_FILENO
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Standard input value, \fIstdin\fP. Its value is 0.
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.TP 7
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STDOUT_FILENO
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Standard output value, \fIstdout\fP. Its value is 1.
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.TP 7
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STDERR_FILENO
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Standard error value, \fIstderr\fP. Its value is 2.
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.sp
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.LP
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The \fIstderr\fP stream is expected to be open for reading and writing.
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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.LP
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None.
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.SH ERRORS
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.LP
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No errors are defined.
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.LP
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\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.LP
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None.
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.SH APPLICATION USAGE
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.LP
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None.
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.SH RATIONALE
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.LP
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None.
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.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
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.LP
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None.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.LP
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\fIfclose\fP(), \fIfeof\fP(), \fIferror\fP(),
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\fIfileno\fP(), \fIfopen\fP(), \fIfread\fP(), \fIfseek\fP(), \fIgetc\fP(),
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\fIgets\fP(), \fIpopen\fP(), \fIprintf\fP(), \fIputc\fP(), \fIputs\fP(),
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\fIread\fP(), \fIscanf\fP(), \fIsetbuf\fP(), \fIsetvbuf\fP(),
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\fItmpfile\fP(), \fIungetc\fP(), \fIvprintf\fP(), the Base Definitions
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volume of
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IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fI<stdio.h>\fP, \fI<unistd.h>\fP
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.SH COPYRIGHT
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Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
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from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
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-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
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Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
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Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
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event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
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The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
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is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
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http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
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