mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
188 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
188 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
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.TH "ASA" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
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.\" asa
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.SH NAME
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asa \- interpret carriage-control characters
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.LP
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\fBasa\fP \fB[\fP \fIfile\fP \fB...\fP \fB]\fP\fB\fP
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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The \fIasa\fP utility shall write its input files to standard output,
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mapping carriage-control characters from the text files
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to line-printer control sequences in an implementation-defined manner.
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.LP
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The first character of every line shall be removed from the input,
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and the following actions are performed.
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.LP
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If the character removed is:
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.TP 7
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<space>
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The rest of the line is output without change.
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.TP 7
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0
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A <newline> is output, then the rest of the input line.
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.TP 7
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1
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One or more implementation-defined characters that causes an advance
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to the next page shall be output, followed by the rest of
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the input line.
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.TP 7
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\fB+\fP
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The <newline> of the previous line shall be replaced with one or more
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implementation-defined characters that causes
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printing to return to column position 1, followed by the rest of the
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input line. If the \fB'+'\fP is the first character in the
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input, it shall be equivalent to <space>.
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.sp
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.LP
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The action of the \fIasa\fP utility is unspecified upon encountering
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any character other than those listed above as the first
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character in a line.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.LP
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None.
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.SH OPERANDS
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.TP 7
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\fIfile\fP
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A pathname of a text file used for input. If no \fIfile\fP operands
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are specified, the standard input shall be used.
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.sp
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.SH STDIN
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.LP
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The standard input shall be used only if no \fIfile\fP operands are
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specified; see the INPUT FILES section.
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.SH INPUT FILES
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.LP
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The input files shall be text files.
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.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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.LP
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The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
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\fIasa\fP:
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.TP 7
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\fILANG\fP
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Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that
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are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
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IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables
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for
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the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
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the values of locale categories.)
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.TP 7
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\fILC_ALL\fP
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If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
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other internationalization variables.
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.TP 7
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\fILC_CTYPE\fP
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Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
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of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
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opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).
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.TP 7
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\fILC_MESSAGES\fP
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Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
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contents of diagnostic messages written to standard
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error.
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.TP 7
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\fINLSPATH\fP
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Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of \fILC_MESSAGES
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\&.\fP
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.sp
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.SH ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
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.LP
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Default.
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.SH STDOUT
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.LP
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The standard output shall be the text from the input file modified
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as described in the DESCRIPTION section.
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.SH STDERR
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.LP
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None.
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.SH OUTPUT FILES
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.LP
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None.
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.SH EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
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.LP
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None.
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.SH EXIT STATUS
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.LP
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The following exit values shall be returned:
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.TP 7
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\ 0
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All input files were output successfully.
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.TP 7
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>0
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An error occurred.
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.sp
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.SH CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
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.LP
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Default.
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.LP
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\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
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.SH APPLICATION USAGE
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.LP
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None.
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.IP " 1." 4
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The following command:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fBasa\fP \fIfile\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.LP
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permits the viewing of \fIfile\fP (created by a program using FORTRAN-style
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carriage-control characters) on a terminal.
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.LP
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.IP " 2." 4
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The following command:
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.sp
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.RS
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.nf
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\fBa.out | asa | lp
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\fP
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.fi
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.RE
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.LP
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formats the FORTRAN output of \fBa.out\fP and directs it to the printer.
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.LP
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.SH RATIONALE
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.LP
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The \fIasa\fP utility is needed to map "standard" FORTRAN 77 output
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into a form acceptable to contemporary printers. Usually,
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\fIasa\fP is used to pipe data to the \fIlp\fP utility; see \fIlp\fP.
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.LP
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This utility is generally used only by FORTRAN programs. The standard
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developers decided to retain \fIasa\fP to avoid breaking
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the historical large base of FORTRAN applications that put carriage-control
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characters in their output files. There is no
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requirement that a system have a FORTRAN compiler in order to run
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applications that need \fIasa\fP.
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.LP
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Historical implementations have used an ASCII <form-feed> in response
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to a 1 and an ASCII <carriage-return> in
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response to a \fB'+'\fP . It is suggested that implementations treat
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characters other than 0, 1, and \fB'+'\fP as
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<space> in the absence of any compelling reason to do otherwise. However,
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the action is listed here as "unspecified",
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permitting an implementation to provide extensions to access fast
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multiple-line slewing and channel seeking in a non-portable
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manner.
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.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
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.LP
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None.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.LP
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\fIfort77\fP , \fIlp\fP
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.SH COPYRIGHT
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Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
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from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
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-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
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Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
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Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
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event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
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The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
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is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
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http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
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