man-pages/man3p/wprintf.3p

.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
.TH "FWPRINTF" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
.\" fwprintf 
.SH NAME
fwprintf, swprintf, wprintf \- print formatted wide-character output
.SH SYNOPSIS
.LP
\fB#include <stdio.h>
.br
#include <wchar.h>
.br
.sp
int fwprintf(FILE *restrict\fP \fIstream\fP\fB, const wchar_t *restrict\fP
\fIformat\fP\fB, ...);
.br
int swprintf(wchar_t *restrict\fP \fIws\fP\fB, size_t\fP \fIn\fP\fB,
.br
\ \ \ \ \ \  const wchar_t *restrict\fP \fIformat\fP\fB, ...);
.br
int wprintf(const wchar_t *restrict\fP \fIformat\fP\fB, ...);
.br
\fP
.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
The \fIfwprintf\fP() function shall place output on the named output
\fIstream\fP. The \fIwprintf\fP() function shall place
output on the standard output stream \fIstdout\fP. The \fIswprintf\fP()
function shall place output followed by the null wide
character in consecutive wide characters starting at *\fIws\fP; no
more than \fIn\fP wide characters shall be written, including
a terminating null wide character, which is always added (unless \fIn\fP
is zero).
.LP
Each of these functions shall convert, format, and print its arguments
under control of the \fIformat\fP wide-character string.
The \fIformat\fP is composed of zero or more directives: \fIordinary
wide-characters\fP, which are simply copied to the output
stream, and \fIconversion specifications\fP, each of which results
in the fetching of zero or more arguments. The results are
undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the \fIformat\fP.
If the \fIformat\fP is exhausted while arguments remain, the
excess arguments are evaluated but are otherwise ignored.
.LP
Conversions can be applied to the \fIn\fPth argument after the \fIformat\fP
in the argument list, rather than to the next unused
argument. In this case, the conversion specifier wide character \fB%\fP
(see below) is replaced by the sequence \fB"%n$"\fP ,
where \fIn\fP is a decimal integer in the range [1,{NL_ARGMAX}], giving
the position of the argument in the argument list. This
feature provides for the definition of \fIformat\fP wide-character
strings that select arguments in an order appropriate to
specific languages (see the EXAMPLES section).
.LP
The \fIformat\fP can contain either numbered argument specifications
(that is, \fB"%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$"\fP and
\fB"*\fP\fIm\fP\fB$"\fP), or unnumbered argument conversion specifications
(that is, \fB%\fP and \fB*\fP ), but not
both. The only exception to this is that \fB%%\fP can be mixed with
the \fB"%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$"\fP form. The results of
mixing numbered and unnumbered argument specifications in a \fIformat\fP
wide-character string are undefined. When numbered
argument specifications are used, specifying the \fIN\fPth argument
requires that all the leading arguments, from the first to the
(\fIN\fP-1)th, are specified in the \fIformat\fP wide-character string.
.LP
In \fIformat\fP wide-character strings containing the \fB"%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$"\fP
form of conversion specification, numbered
arguments in the argument list can be referenced from the \fIformat\fP
wide-character string as many times as required. 
.LP
In \fIformat\fP wide-character strings containing the \fB%\fP form
of conversion specification, each argument in the
argument list shall be used exactly once.
.LP
All
forms of the \fIfwprintf\fP() function allow for the insertion of
a locale-dependent radix character in the output string, output
as a wide-character value. The radix character is defined in the program's
locale (category \fILC_NUMERIC ).\fP In the POSIX
locale, or in a locale where the radix character is not defined, the
radix character shall default to a period ( \fB'.'\fP ).
.LP
Each conversion specification is introduced by the \fB'%'\fP wide
character   \ or by the
wide-character sequence \fB"%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$"\fP,  \ after
which the following appear in sequence:
.IP " *" 3
Zero or more \fIflags\fP (in any order), which modify the meaning
of the conversion specification.
.LP
.IP " *" 3
An optional minimum \fIfield width\fP. If the converted value has
fewer wide characters than the field width, it shall be
padded with spaces by default on the left; it shall be padded on the
right, if the left-adjustment flag ( \fB'-'\fP ), described
below, is given to the field width. The field width takes the form
of an asterisk ( \fB'*'\fP ), described below, or a decimal
integer.
.LP
.IP " *" 3
An optional \fIprecision\fP that gives the minimum number of digits
to appear for the \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP ,
\fBu\fP , \fBx\fP , and \fBX\fP conversion specifiers; the number
of digits to appear after the radix character for the
\fBa\fP , \fBA\fP , \fBe\fP , \fBE\fP , \fBf\fP , and \fBF\fP conversion
specifiers; the maximum number of
significant digits for the \fBg\fP and \fBG\fP conversion specifiers;
or the maximum number of wide characters to be printed
from a string in the \fBs\fP conversion specifiers. The precision
takes the form of a period ( \fB'.'\fP ) followed either by
an asterisk ( \fB'*'\fP ), described below, or an optional decimal
digit string, where a null digit string is treated as 0. If a
precision appears with any other conversion wide character, the behavior
is undefined.
.LP
.IP " *" 3
An optional length modifier that specifies the size of the argument.
.LP
.IP " *" 3
A \fIconversion specifier\fP wide character that indicates the type
of conversion to be applied.
.LP
.LP
A field width, or precision, or both, may be indicated by an asterisk
( \fB'*'\fP ). In this case an argument of type
\fBint\fP supplies the field width or precision. Applications shall
ensure that arguments specifying field width, or precision, or
both appear in that order before the argument, if any, to be converted.
A negative field width is taken as a \fB'-'\fP flag
followed by a positive field width. A negative precision is taken
as if the precision were omitted.   \ In
\fIformat\fP wide-character strings containing the \fB"%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$"\fP
form of a conversion specification, a field
width or precision may be indicated by the sequence \fB"*\fP\fIm\fP\fB$"\fP,
where \fIm\fP is a decimal integer in the
range [1,{NL_ARGMAX}] giving the position in the argument list (after
the \fIformat\fP argument) of an integer argument containing
the field width or precision, for example:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBwprintf(L"%1$d:%2$.*3$d:%4$.*3$d\\n", hour, min, precision, sec); 
\fP
.fi
.RE
.LP
The flag wide characters and their meanings are:
.TP 7
\fB'\fP
The integer portion of the result of a decimal conversion ( \fB%i\fP
, \fB%d\fP , \fB%u\fP , \fB%f\fP , \fB%F\fP ,
\fB%g\fP , or \fB%G\fP ) shall be formatted with thousands' grouping
wide characters. For other conversions, the behavior is
undefined. The numeric grouping wide character is used. 
.TP 7
\fB-\fP
The result of the conversion shall be left-justified within the field.
The conversion shall be right-justified if this flag is
not specified.
.TP 7
\fB+\fP
The result of a signed conversion shall always begin with a sign (
\fB'+'\fP or \fB'-'\fP ). The conversion shall begin
with a sign only when a negative value is converted if this flag is
not specified.
.TP 7
<space>
If the first wide character of a signed conversion is not a sign,
or if a signed conversion results in no wide characters, a
<space> shall be prefixed to the result. This means that if the <space>
and \fB'+'\fP flags both appear, the
<space> flag shall be ignored.
.TP 7
\fB#\fP
Specifies that the value is to be converted to an alternative form.
For \fBo\fP conversion, it increases the precision (if
necessary) to force the first digit of the result to be 0. For \fBx\fP
or \fBX\fP conversion specifiers, a non-zero result
shall have 0x (or 0X) prefixed to it. For \fBa\fP , \fBA\fP , \fBe\fP
, \fBE\fP , \fBf\fP , \fBF\fP , \fBg\fP
, and \fBG\fP conversion specifiers, the result shall always contain
a radix character, even if no digits follow it. Without
this flag, a radix character appears in the result of these conversions
only if a digit follows it. For \fBg\fP and \fBG\fP
conversion specifiers, trailing zeros shall \fInot\fP be removed from
the result as they normally are. For other conversion
specifiers, the behavior is undefined.
.TP 7
\fB0\fP
For \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP , \fBx\fP , \fBX\fP , \fBa\fP
, \fBA\fP , \fBe\fP ,
\fBE\fP , \fBf\fP , \fBF\fP , \fBg\fP , and \fBG\fP conversion specifiers,
leading zeros (following any indication
of sign or base) are used to pad to the field width; no space padding
is performed. If the \fB'0'\fP and \fB'-'\fP flags both
appear, the \fB'0'\fP flag shall be ignored. For \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP
, \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP , \fBx\fP , and \fBX\fP
conversion specifiers, if a precision is specified, the \fB'0'\fP
flag shall be ignored. If the \fB'0'\fP and \fB'"\fP
flags both appear, the grouping wide characters are inserted before
zero padding. For other conversions, the behavior is
undefined.
.sp
.LP
The length modifiers and their meanings are:
.TP 7
\fBhh\fP
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBsigned char\fP or \fBunsigned char\fP argument (the
argument will have been promoted according to the integer
promotions, but its value shall be converted to \fBsigned char\fP
or \fBunsigned char\fP before printing); or that a following
\fBn\fP conversion specifier applies to a pointer to a \fBsigned char\fP
argument.
.TP 7
\fBh\fP
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBshort\fP or \fBunsigned short\fP argument (the argument
will have been promoted according to the integer
promotions, but its value shall be converted to \fBshort\fP or \fBunsigned
short\fP before printing); or that a following
\fBn\fP conversion specifier applies to a pointer to a \fBshort\fP
argument.
.TP 7
\fBl\fP\ (ell)
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBlong\fP or \fBunsigned long\fP argument; that a following
\fBn\fP conversion specifier applies to a pointer to
a \fBlong\fP argument; that a following \fBc\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBwint_t\fP argument; that a following
\fBs\fP conversion specifier applies to a pointer to a \fBwchar_t\fP
argument; or has no effect on a following \fBa\fP ,
\fBA\fP , \fBe\fP , \fBE\fP , \fBf\fP , \fBF\fP , \fBg\fP , or \fBG\fP
conversion specifier.
.TP 7
\fBll\fP\ (ell-ell)
.sp
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBlong long\fP or \fBunsigned long long\fP argument;
or that a following \fBn\fP conversion specifier applies to
a pointer to a \fBlong long\fP argument.
.TP 7
\fBj\fP
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to an \fBintmax_t\fP or \fBuintmax_t\fP argument; or that
a following \fBn\fP conversion specifier applies to a
pointer to an \fBintmax_t\fP argument.
.TP 7
\fBz\fP
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBsize_t\fP or the corresponding signed integer type
argument; or that a following \fBn\fP conversion specifier
applies to a pointer to a signed integer type corresponding to a \fBsize_t\fP
argument.
.TP 7
\fBt\fP
Specifies that a following \fBd\fP , \fBi\fP , \fBo\fP , \fBu\fP ,
\fBx\fP , or \fBX\fP conversion specifier
applies to a \fBptrdiff_t\fP or the corresponding \fBunsigned\fP type
argument; or that a following \fBn\fP conversion
specifier applies to a pointer to a \fBptrdiff_t\fP argument.
.TP 7
\fBL\fP
Specifies that a following \fBa\fP , \fBA\fP , \fBe\fP , \fBE\fP ,
\fBf\fP , \fBF\fP , \fBg\fP , or
\fBG\fP conversion specifier applies to a \fBlong double\fP argument.
.sp
.LP
If a length modifier appears with any conversion specifier other than
as specified above, the behavior is undefined.
.LP
The conversion specifiers and their meanings are:
.TP 7
\fBd\fP,\ \fBi\fP
The \fBint\fP argument shall be converted to a signed decimal in the
style \fB"[-]\fP\fIdddd"\fP. The precision specifies
the minimum number of digits to appear; if the value being converted
can be represented in fewer digits, it shall be expanded with
leading zeros. The default precision shall be 1. The result of converting
zero with an explicit precision of zero shall be no wide
characters.
.TP 7
\fBo\fP
The \fBunsigned\fP argument shall be converted to unsigned octal format
in the style \fB"dddd"\fP . The precision specifies
the minimum number of digits to appear; if the value being converted
can be represented in fewer digits, it shall be expanded with
leading zeros. The default precision shall be 1. The result of converting
zero with an explicit precision of zero shall be no wide
characters.
.TP 7
\fBu\fP
The \fBunsigned\fP argument shall be converted to unsigned decimal
format in the style \fB"dddd"\fP . The precision
specifies the minimum number of digits to appear; if the value being
converted can be represented in fewer digits, it shall be
expanded with leading zeros. The default precision shall be 1. The
result of converting zero with an explicit precision of zero
shall be no wide characters.
.TP 7
\fBx\fP
The \fBunsigned\fP argument shall be converted to unsigned hexadecimal
format in the style \fB"dddd"\fP ; the letters
\fB"abcdef"\fP are used. The precision specifies the minimum number
of digits to appear; if the value being converted can be
represented in fewer digits, it shall be expanded with leading zeros.
The default precision shall be 1. The result of converting
zero with an explicit precision of zero shall be no wide characters.
.TP 7
\fBX\fP
Equivalent to the \fBx\fP conversion specifier, except that letters
\fB"ABCDEF"\fP are used instead of \fB"abcdef"\fP
\&.
.TP 7
\fBf\fP,\ \fBF\fP
The \fBdouble\fP argument shall be converted to decimal notation in
the style \fB"[-]\fP\fIddd.ddd"\fP, where the number
of digits after the radix character shall be equal to the precision
specification. If the precision is missing, it shall be taken
as 6; if the precision is explicitly zero and no \fB'#'\fP flag is
present, no radix character shall appear. If a radix
character appears, at least one digit shall appear before it. The
value shall be rounded in an implementation-defined manner to the
appropriate number of digits. 
.LP
A \fBdouble\fP argument representing an infinity shall be converted
in one of the styles \fB"[-]inf"\fP or
\fB"[-]infinity"\fP ; which style is implementation-defined. A \fBdouble\fP
argument representing a NaN shall be converted in
one of the styles \fB"[-]nan"\fP or \fB"[-]nan(\fP\fIn-char-sequence\fP\fB)"\fP;
which style, and the meaning of any
\fIn-char-sequence\fP, is implementation-defined. The \fBF\fP conversion
specifier produces \fB"INF"\fP ,
\fB"INFINITY"\fP , or \fB"NAN"\fP instead of \fB"inf"\fP , \fB"infinity"\fP
, or \fB"nan"\fP , respectively.
.TP 7
\fBe\fP,\ \fBE\fP
The \fBdouble\fP argument shall be converted in the style \fB"[-]\fP\fId.ddd\fPe\fB\(+-dd"\fP,
where there shall be
one digit before the radix character (which is non-zero if the argument
is non-zero) and the number of digits after it shall be
equal to the precision; if the precision is missing, it shall be taken
as 6; if the precision is zero and no \fB'#'\fP flag is
present, no radix character shall appear. The value shall be rounded
in an implementation-defined manner to the appropriate number
of digits. The \fBE\fP conversion wide character shall produce a number
with \fB'E'\fP instead of \fB'e'\fP introducing
the exponent. The exponent shall always contain at least two digits.
If the value is zero, the exponent shall be zero. 
.LP
A \fBdouble\fP argument representing an infinity or NaN shall be converted
in the style of an \fBf\fP or \fBF\fP
conversion specifier.
.TP 7
\fBg\fP,\ \fBG\fP
The \fBdouble\fP argument shall be converted in the style \fBf\fP
or \fBe\fP (or in the style \fBF\fP or \fBE\fP
in the case of a \fBG\fP conversion specifier), with the precision
specifying the number of significant digits. If an explicit
precision is zero, it shall be taken as 1. The style used depends
on the value converted; style \fBe\fP (or \fBE\fP ) shall
be used only if the exponent resulting from such a conversion is less
than -4 or greater than or equal to the precision. Trailing
zeros shall be removed from the fractional portion of the result;
a radix character shall appear only if it is followed by a digit.
.LP
A \fBdouble\fP argument representing an infinity or NaN shall be converted
in the style of an \fBf\fP or \fBF\fP
conversion specifier.
.TP 7
\fBa\fP,\ \fBA\fP
A \fBdouble\fP argument representing a floating-point number shall
be converted in the style \fB"[-]0xh.hhhhp\(+-d"\fP,
where there shall be one hexadecimal digit (which is non-zero if the
argument is a normalized floating-point number and is
otherwise unspecified) before the decimal-point wide character and
the number of hexadecimal digits after it shall be equal to the
precision; if the precision is missing and FLT_RADIX is a power of
2, then the precision shall be sufficient for an exact
representation of the value; if the precision is missing and FLT_RADIX
is not a power of 2, then the precision shall be sufficient
to distinguish values of type \fBdouble\fP, except that trailing zeros
may be omitted; if the precision is zero and the
\fB'#'\fP flag is not specified, no decimal-point wide character shall
appear. The letters \fB"abcdef"\fP are used for
\fBa\fP conversion and the letters \fB"ABCDEF"\fP for \fBA\fP conversion.
The \fBA\fP conversion specifier produces a
number with \fB'X'\fP and \fB'P'\fP instead of \fB'x'\fP and \fB'p'\fP
\&. The exponent shall always contain at least one
digit, and only as many more digits as necessary to represent the
decimal exponent of 2. If the value is zero, the exponent shall
be zero. 
.LP
A \fBdouble\fP argument representing an infinity or NaN shall be converted
in the style of an \fBf\fP or \fBF\fP
conversion specifier.
.TP 7
\fBc\fP
If no \fBl\fP (ell) qualifier is present, the \fBint\fP argument shall
be converted to a wide character as if by calling
the \fIbtowc\fP() function and the resulting wide character shall
be written. Otherwise, the
\fBwint_t\fP argument shall be converted to \fBwchar_t\fP, and written.
.TP 7
\fBs\fP
If no \fBl\fP (ell) qualifier is present, the application shall ensure
that the argument is a pointer to a character array
containing a character sequence beginning in the initial shift state.
Characters from the array shall be converted as if by
repeated calls to the \fImbrtowc\fP() function, with the conversion
state described by an
\fBmbstate_t\fP object initialized to zero before the first character
is converted, and written up to (but not including) the
terminating null wide character. If the precision is specified, no
more than that many wide characters shall be written. If the
precision is not specified, or is greater than the size of the array,
the application shall ensure that the array contains a null
wide character. 
.LP
If an \fBl\fP (ell) qualifier is present, the application shall ensure
that the argument is a pointer to an array of type
\fBwchar_t\fP. Wide characters from the array shall be written up
to (but not including) a terminating null wide character. If no
precision is specified, or is greater than the size of the array,
the application shall ensure that the array contains a null wide
character. If a precision is specified, no more than that many wide
characters shall be written.
.TP 7
\fBp\fP
The application shall ensure that the argument is a pointer to \fBvoid\fP.
The value of the pointer shall be converted to a
sequence of printable wide characters in an implementation-defined
manner.
.TP 7
\fBn\fP
The application shall ensure that the argument is a pointer to an
integer into which is written the number of wide characters
written to the output so far by this call to one of the \fIfwprintf\fP()
functions. No argument shall be converted, but one shall
be consumed. If the conversion specification includes any flags, a
field width, or a precision, the behavior is undefined.
.TP 7
\fBC\fP
Equivalent to \fBlc\fP . 
.TP 7
\fBS\fP
Equivalent to \fBls\fP . 
.TP 7
\fB%\fP
Output a \fB'%'\fP wide character; no argument shall be converted.
The entire conversion specification shall be \fB%%\fP
\&.
.sp
.LP
If a conversion specification does not match one of the above forms,
the behavior is undefined.
.LP
In no case does a nonexistent or small field width cause truncation
of a field; if the result of a conversion is wider than the
field width, the field shall be expanded to contain the conversion
result. Characters generated by \fIfwprintf\fP() and
\fIwprintf\fP() shall be printed as if \fIfputwc\fP() had been called.
.LP
For \fBa\fP and \fBA\fP conversions, if FLT_RADIX is not a power of
2 and the result is not exactly representable in the
given precision, the result should be one of the two adjacent numbers
in hexadecimal floating style with the given precision, with
the extra stipulation that the error should have a correct sign for
the current rounding direction.
.LP
For \fBe\fP , \fBE\fP , \fBf\fP , \fBF\fP , \fBg\fP , and \fBG\fP
conversion specifiers, if the number of
significant decimal digits is at most DECIMAL_DIG, then the result
should be correctly rounded. If the number of significant
decimal digits is more than DECIMAL_DIG but the source value is exactly
representable with DECIMAL_DIG digits, then the result
should be an exact representation with trailing zeros. Otherwise,
the source value is bounded by two adjacent decimal strings
\fIL\fP < \fIU\fP, both having DECIMAL_DIG significant digits; the
value of the resultant decimal string \fID\fP should
satisfy \fIL\fP <= \fID\fP <= \fIU\fP, with the extra stipulation
that the error should have a correct sign for the
current rounding direction.
.LP
The
\fIst_ctime\fP and \fIst_mtime\fP fields of the file shall be marked
for update between the call to a successful execution of
\fIfwprintf\fP() or \fIwprintf\fP() and the next successful completion
of a call to \fIfflush\fP() or \fIfclose\fP() on the same stream,
or a
call to \fIexit\fP() or \fIabort\fP(). 
.SH RETURN VALUE
.LP
Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the number
of wide characters transmitted, excluding the terminating
null wide character in the case of \fIswprintf\fP(), or a negative
value if an output error was encountered,   \ and set
\fIerrno\fP to indicate the error. 
.LP
If \fIn\fP or more wide characters were requested to be written, \fIswprintf\fP()
shall return a negative value,   \ and set
\fIerrno\fP to indicate the error. 
.SH ERRORS
.LP
For the conditions under which \fIfwprintf\fP() and \fIwprintf\fP()
fail and may fail, refer to \fIfputwc\fP() .
.LP
In addition, all forms of \fIfwprintf\fP() may fail if:
.TP 7
.B EILSEQ
A wide-character code that does not correspond to a valid character
has been detected. 
.TP 7
.B EINVAL
There are insufficient arguments. 
.sp
.LP
In addition, \fIwprintf\fP() and \fIfwprintf\fP() may fail if:
.TP 7
.B ENOMEM
Insufficient storage space is available. 
.sp
.LP
\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
.SH EXAMPLES
.LP
To print the language-independent date and time format, the following
statement could be used:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBwprintf(format, weekday, month, day, hour, min);
\fP
.fi
.RE
.LP
For American usage, \fIformat\fP could be a pointer to the wide-character
string:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBL"%s, %s %d, %d:%.2d\\n"
\fP
.fi
.RE
.LP
producing the message:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBSunday, July 3, 10:02
\fP
.fi
.RE
.LP
whereas for German usage, \fIformat\fP could be a pointer to the wide-character
string:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBL"%1$s, %3$d. %2$s, %4$d:%5$.2d\\n"
\fP
.fi
.RE
.LP
producing the message:
.sp
.RS
.nf

\fBSonntag, 3. Juli, 10:02
\fP
.fi
.RE
.SH APPLICATION USAGE
.LP
None.
.SH RATIONALE
.LP
None.
.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
.LP
None.
.SH SEE ALSO
.LP
\fIbtowc\fP() , \fIfputwc\fP() , \fIfwscanf\fP() , \fImbrtowc\fP()
, \fIsetlocale\fP()
, the Base Definitions volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, Chapter 7,
Locale, \fI<stdio.h>\fP, \fI<wchar.h>\fP
.SH COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .