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==================== Changes in man-pages-5.00 ====================
Released: 2019-03-06, Munich
Contributors
------------
The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
incorporated in changes in this release:
Adam Manzanares <adam.manzanares@wdc.com>
Alan Jenkins <alan.christopher.jenkins@gmail.com>
Alec Leamas <leamas.alec@gmail.com>
Alessandro Vesely <vesely@tana.it>
Alexander E. Patrakov <patrakov@gmail.com>
Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Anatoly Borodin <anatoly.borodin@gmail.com>
Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Andreas Westfeld <andreas.westfeld@htw-dresden.de>
Andrei Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Andrew Price <andy@andrewprice.me.uk>
Anthony Iliopoulos <ailiopoulos@suse.com>
Antonio Chirizzi <antonio.chirizzi@gmail.com>
Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
Arkadiusz Drabczyk <arkadiusz@drabczyk.org>
Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>
Bernd Petrovitsch <bernd@petrovitsch.priv.at>
bert hubert <bert.hubert@powerdns.com>
Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
Burkhard Lück <lueck@hube-lueck.de>
Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
Claudio Scordino <claudio@evidence.eu.com>
Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Daniel Kamil Kozar <dkk089@gmail.com>
Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
David Newall <glibc@davidnewall.com>
Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Elliot Hughes <enh@google.com>
Elvira Khabirova <lineprinter@altlinux.org>
Emil Fihlman <emil.fihlman@gmail.com>
Enrico Scholz <enrico.scholz@sigma-chemnitz.de>
Eric Benton <erbenton@comcast.net>
Eric Sanchis <eric.sanchis@iut-rodez.fr>
Eugene Syromiatnikov <esyr@redhat.com>
Eugene Syromyatnikov <evgsyr@gmail.com>
Felipe Gasper <felipe@felipegasper.com>
Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Frank Theile <ftheile@grundfos.com>
G. Branden Robinson <g.branden.robinson@gmail.com>
Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.com>
Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.de>
Göran Häggsjö <goran.haggsjo@icloud.com>
Harry Mallon <hjmallon@gmail.com>
Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Henry Wilson <henry.wilson@acentic.com>
Hiroya Ito <hiroyan@gmail.com>
Howard Johnson <hj@HowardJohnson.name>
Ian Turner <iturner@janestreet.com>
Ignat Loskutov <ignat.loskutov@gmail.com>
Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@usta.de>
Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
James Weigle <jtweigle@uchicago.edu>
Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Johannes Altmanninger <aclopte@gmail.com>
Johannes Liebermann <johanan.liebermann@gmail.com>
Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
Joseph C. Sible <josephcsible@gmail.com>
Joseph Sible <josephcsible@gmail.com>
Josh Gao <jmgao@google.com>
Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson@gmail.com>
Keno Fischer <keno@juliacomputing.com>
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Konst Mayer <cdlscpmv@gmail.com>
Leah Hanson <lhanson@pivotal.io>
Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@intel.com>
Lucas Werkmeister <mail@lucaswerkmeister.de>
Luka Macan <Luka.Macan@fer.hr>
Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Marcus Gelderie <marcus.gelderie@gmail.com>
Marcus Gelderie <redmnic@gmail.com>
Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
Mark Schott <schottm@google.com>
Matthew Bobrowski <mbobrowski@mbobrowski.org>
Matthew Kilgore <mattkilgore12@gmail.com>
Mattias Engdegård <mattiase@acm.org>
Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Michael Becker <mjbecker@web.de>
Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Mihir Mehta <mihir@cs.utexas.edu>
Mike Frysinger <vapier@chromium.org>
Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Mike Weilgart <mike.weilgart@verticalsysadmin.com>
Nadav Har'El <nyh@math.technion.ac.il>
Nick Gregory <ghost@capsule8.com>
Niklas Hambüchen <mail@nh2.me>
Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
nixiaoming <nixiaoming@huawei.com>
Oded Elisha <oded123456@gmail.com>
Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
Paul Millar <paul.millar@desy.de>
Philip Dumont <phil@solidstatescientific.com>
Pierre Chifflier <pollux@debian.org>
Quentin Monnet <quentin.monnet@netronome.com>
Radostin Stoyanov <rstoyanov1@gmail.com>
Robert O'Callahan <robert@ocallahan.org>
Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
Robin Kuzmin <kuzmin.robin@gmail.com>
ruschein <ruschein@protonmail.com>
Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
Sean Young <sean@mess.org>
Shawn Landden <shawn@git.icu>
Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
snyh <snyh@snyh.org>
Solal Pirelli <solal.pirelli@gmail.com>
Stan Schwertly <stan@schwertly.com>
Stephan Knauss <linux@stephans-server.de>
Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com>
Thomas Posch <kernel.org@online.posch.name>
Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Troy Engel <troyengel@gmail.com>
Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws>
Tycho Kirchner <tychokirchner@mail.de>
Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Xiao Yang <yangx.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
Apologies if I missed anyone!
New and rewritten pages
-----------------------
s390_guarded_storage.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
New page documenting s390_guarded_storage(2) s390-specific system call
address_families.7
Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov]
New page that contains details of socket address families
There is too much detail in socket(2). Move most of it into
a new page instead.
bpf-helpers.7
Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Borkmann, Quentin Monnet]
Add new man page for eBPF helper functions
(autogenerated from kernel source files)
Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
---------------------------------------------
prctl.2
Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk [Michael Kerrisk]
Document PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL and PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL
sched_setattr.2
Claudio Scordino [Michael Kerrisk]
Document SCHED_FLAG_DL_OVERRUN and SCHED_FLAG_RECLAIM
socket.2
Tobias Klauser
Document AF_XDP
Document AF_XDP added in Linux 4.18.
inotify.7
Henry Wilson
Document IN_MASK_CREATE
unix.7
Michael Kerrisk
Document SO_PASSSEC
Michael Kerrisk
Document SCM_SECURITY ancillary data
New and changed links
---------------------
reallocarray.3
Michael Kerrisk
New link to malloc(3)
precedence.7
Josh Triplett
Add as a redirect to operator.7
Global changes
--------------
Various pages
Michael Kerrisk [G. Branden Robinson]
Use '\e' rather than '\\' to get a backslash
Various pages
Michael Kerrisk [Bjarni Ingi Gislason, G. Branden Robinson]
Use zero‐width space in appropriate locations
Various pages
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify the distinction between "file descriptor" and "file description"
Various pages
Mike Rapoport
Update paths for in-kernel memory management documentation files
A few pages
Michael Kerrisk
Change references to '2.6.0-test*' series kernels to just '2.6.0'
Changes to individual pages
---------------------------
iconv.1
Marko Myllynen
SEE ALSO: add uconv(1)
localedef.1
Howard Johnson
Note that -f and -c, are reversed from what you might expect
time.1
Michael Kerrisk [Johannes Altmanninger]
Document the -q/--quiet option
Jakub Wilk
Update bug reporting address
bpf.2
Tobias Klauser
Update JIT support list for Linux 4.18
JIT support for x86-32 was during the Linux 4.18 release cycle.
Also correct the entry for MIPS (only MIPS64 is supported).
Oded Elisha
Fix bug in example
Quentin Monnet
SEE ALSO: add bpf-helpers(7)
capget.2
Michael Kerrisk
Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated functions
Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated capsetp(3) and
capgetp(3); the manual page for those functions has long (at least
as far back as 2007) noted that they are deprecated.
Michael Kerrisk
Remove first paragraph, which repeats details from capabilities(7)
chroot.2
Michael Kerrisk
Mention /proc/[pid]/root
clock_getres.2
Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring]
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW does not count while the system is suspended
Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring]
On Linux CLOCK_MONOTONIC counts time that the system has run since boot
Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring]
CLOCK_MONOTONIC does not count while the system is suspended
Michael Kerrisk
ERRORS: add EINVAL error for noncanonical clock_settime() value
clone.2
Michael Kerrisk
Rework discussion of threads and signals
The discussion is phrased in terms of signals sent using kill(2),
but applies equally to a signal sent by the kernel.
Jann Horn
Pending CLONE_NEWPID prevents thread creation
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify the discussion of threads and signals
And explicitly introduce the terms "process-directed" and
"thread-directed" signals.
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Add information about clone and clone2 on IA-64
Michael Kerrisk
ERRORS: EINVAL occurs with CLONE_NEWUSER if !CONFIG_USER_NS
connect.2
Benjamin Peterson
Document error semantics of nonblocking UNIX domain sockets
epoll_ctl.2
Michael Kerrisk
Use the term "interest list" consistently
epoll_wait.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify the behavior when epoll_wait()-ing on an empty interest list
Michael Kerrisk
Note that epoll_wait() round robins through the set of ready descriptors
eventfd.2
Michael Kerrisk
Move text noting that eventfd() creates a FD earlier in the page
fanotify_init.2
Michael Kerrisk
Add a little more detail on FAN_REPORT_TID
fanotify_init.2
fanotify.7
nixiaoming [Amir Goldstein]
Document FAN_REPORT_TID
fanotify_init.2: add new flag FAN_REPORT_TID
fanotify.7: update description of member pid in
struct fanotify_event_metadata
Amir Goldstein
Document FAN_MARK_FILESYSTEM
Monitor fanotify events on the entire filesystem.
Matthew Bobrowski [Amir Goldstein]
Document FAN_OPEN_EXEC and FAN_OPEN_EXEC_PERM
fcntl.2
Michael Kerrisk
Actual pipe capacity may in practice be less than nominal capacity
The number of bytes that can be written to the pipe may be less
(sometimes substantially less) than the nominal capacity.
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Mention that l_sysid is not used even if present
Michael Kerrisk
Briefly explain the meaning of the 'l_sysid' field in 'struct flock'
futex.2
Benjamin Peterson
Make the example use C11 atomics rather than GCC builtins
getcpu.2
Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk]
getcpu() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2)
The glibc wrapper was added in glibc 2.29, release on 1 Feb 2019.
getgid.2
getpid.2
getuid.2
pipe.2
syscall.2
Eugene Syromiatnikov [Michael Kerrisk]
Describe 2nd return value peculiarity
Some architectures (ab)use second return value register for
additional return value in some system calls. Let's describe this.
getgroups.2
Michael Kerrisk
Note that a process can drop all groups with: setgroups(0, NULL)
getrlimit.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Note that setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU) doesn't fail
Michael Kerrisk
Resource limits are process-wide attributes shared by all threads
This was already noted in pthreads(7), but bears repeating here.
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Correct information about large limits on 32-bit architectures
gettid.2
Michael Kerrisk
Glibc provides a wrapper since version 2.30
gettimeofday.2
Michael Kerrisk
ERRORS: add EINVAL for noncanonical 'tv' argument to settimeofday()
gettimeofday.2
clock_getres.2
Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring]
ERRORS: EINVAL can occur if new real time is less than monotonic clock
getxattr.2
removexattr.2
setxattr.2
Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Gruenbacher, Enrico Scholz]
ERRORS: replace ENOATTR with ENODATA
See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201995
inotify_add_watch.2
Paul Millar
Add IN_ONLYDIR based error
Henry Wilson
Note errors that can occur for IN_MASK_CREATE
io_submit.2
Adam Manzanares
Document IOCB_FLAG_IOPRIO
Jeff Moyer
Fix the description of aio_data
aio_data is not a kernel-internal field.
madvise.2
Michal Hocko [Niklas Hambüchen]
MADV_FREE clarify swapless behavior
memfd_create.2
Marc-André Lureau
Update hugetlb file-sealing support
Lucas De Marchi
Fix header for memfd_create()
Joseph C. Sible
_GNU_SOURCE is required
mmap.2
Elliott Hughes
Explicitly state that the fd can be closed
Jann Horn [Michal Hocko, William Kucharski]
Fix description of treatment of the hint
The current manpage reads as if the kernel will always pick a free
space close to the requested address, but that's not the case.
mount.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clearly distinguish per-mount-point vs per-superblock mount flags
Michael Kerrisk
MS_SILENT is ignored when changing propagation type
Michael Kerrisk
Attempts to change MS_SILENT setting during remount are silently ignored
Michael Kerrisk [Harry Mallon]
Document EROFS for read-only filesystems
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200649
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify that per-superblock flags are shared during remount
Michael Kerrisk
Remove crufty sentence about MS_BIND + MS_REMOUNT
Michael Kerrisk
Mention /proc/PID/mountinfo
Many people are unaware of the /proc/PID/mountinfo file. Provide
a helpful clue here.
Michael Kerrisk
Mandatory locking also now requires CONFIG_MANDATORY_FILE_LOCKING
Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
Add MS_STRICTATIME to list of flags that can be used in remount
Michael Kerrisk
EACCES: note some reasons why a filesystem may be read-only
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add ioctl_iflags(2)
msgctl.2
semctl.2
shmctl.2
Davidlohr Bueso [Joe Lawrence, Michael Kerrisk]
Document STAT_ANY commands
msgop.2
Michael Kerrisk
Correct the capability description for msgsnd() EACCESS error
nfsservctl.2
Michael Kerrisk
Add VERSIONS section noting that this system call no longer exists
open.2
Lucas Werkmeister
Document ENXIO for sockets
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify a special use case of O_NONBLOCK for devices
Eugene Syromiatnikov
Mention presence of unused O_RSYNC definition
O_RSYNC is defined in <asm/fcntl.h> on HP PA-RISC, but is not
used anyway.
Eugene Syromiatnikov
Document FASYNC usage in Linux UAPI headers
Andrew Price
Remove O_DIRECT-related quotation
Remove a section that adds no benefit to the discussion of O_DIRECT.
Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin]
Clarify that O_NONBLOCK has no effect on poll/epoll/select
perf_event_open.2
Vince Weaver [Wang Nan]
Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl
The PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl was introduced in Linux 4.7.
Vince Weaver
Fix wording in multiplexing description
Vince Weaver
Clarify exclude_idle
Vince Weaver
Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_QUERY_BPF ioctl
Vince Weaver
Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES ioctl
Vince Weaver
Fix prctl behavior description
pivot_root.2
Elvira Khabirova
Joseph Sible [Joseph C. Sible]
Document EINVAL if root is rootfs
pkey_alloc.2
Michael Kerrisk [Szabolcs Nagy]
Switch to glibc prototype in SYNOPSIS
poll.2
Michael Kerrisk
Note that poll() and ppoll() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK
posix_fadvise.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Describe the difference between fadvise64/fadvise64_64
prctl.2
Benjamin Peterson
PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE may now be used as many times as desired
Michael Kerrisk
Add some further historical details on PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE
Michael Kerrisk [Jann Horn]
Explain the circumstances in which the parent-death signal is sent
Michael Kerrisk
Rework the PR_SET_PDEATHSIG description a little, for easier readability
Michael Kerrisk
Add additional info on PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
The signal is process directed and the siginfo_t->si_pid
filed contains the PID of the terminating parent.
Michael Kerrisk
Note libcap(3) APIs for operating on ambient capability set
(However, the libcap APIs do not yet seem to have
manual pages...)
Michael Kerrisk
Mention libcap APIs for operating on capability bounding set
ptrace.2
Dmitry V. Levin
Do not say that PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD may not work
Jann Horn
BUGS: ptrace() may set errno to zero
readdir.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Fix struct old_linux_dirent in accordance with current definition
readv.2
Xiao Yang [Florian Weimer]
Fix wrong errno for an unknown flag
rename.2
Michael Kerrisk
glibc 2.28 adds library support for renameat2()
Tobias Klauser
Add feature test macro for renameat2()
The glibc wrapper for renameat2() was added in glibc 2.28 and
requires _GNU_SOURCE.
Eugene Syromiatnikov
Some additional notes regarding RENAME_WHITEOUT
Lucas Werkmeister [Michael Kerrisk]
Add kernel versions for RENAME_NOREPLACE support
Michael Kerrisk
Rework list of supported filesystems for RENAME_NOREPLACE
Tobias Klauser
renameat2() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2)
s390_runtime_instr.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Add a note about runtime_instr.h availability
s390_sthyi.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov [Heiko Carstens]
Some minor additions
sched_setattr.2
Michael Kerrisk
Add a bit more detail for SCHED_DEADLINE
sched_setparam.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify that scheduling parameters are per-thread (not per-process)
seccomp.2
Michael Kerrisk
(Briefly) document SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_SPEC_ALLOW
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add bpfc(1)
select.2
Michael Kerrisk
BUGS: the use of value-result arguments is a design bug
Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin]
Note that select() and pselect() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK
select_tut.2
Michael Kerrisk [Antonio Chirizzi]
Diagnose inet_aton() errors with simple fprintf() (not perror())
setgid.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces
setns.2
Michael Kerrisk
When joining a user namespace, it must be a descendant user namespace
Michael Kerrisk
Note capability requirements for changing PID namespace
Note capability requirements for changing network, IPC, or UTS namespace
Note capability requirements for changing cgroup namespace
Michael Kerrisk
Some text restructuring and reordering
set_thread_area.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Mention related prctl() requests in SEE ALSO
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Mention that get_thread_area() is also Linux-specific
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Describe set_thread_area()/get_thread_area() on m68k/MIPS
setuid.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces
sigaction.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk]
Describe obsolete usage of struct sigcontext as signal handler argument
sigsuspend.2
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify that sigsuspend() suspends the calling *thread*
socket.2
Michael Kerrisk
Remove references to external docs
This information is all in the new address_families(7)
Michael Kerrisk
Add cross reference to address_families(7)
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Reinstate AF_VSOCK mention
Michael Kerrisk
Simplify list of address families
Remove many of the details that are in address_families(7)
Nikola Forró
Remove notes concerning AF_ALG and AF_XDP
All address families are now documented in address_families.7.
Michael Kerrisk
Remove some more obscure protocols from address family list
The list of address families in this page is still
overwhelmingly long. So let's shorten it.
The removed entries are all in address_families(7).
Michael Kerrisk
Remove a few obsolete protocols
Documentation for these remains in address_families(7)
socketpair.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Note that AF_TIPC also supports socketpair(2)
Introduced by Linux commit v4.12-rc1~64^3~304^2~1.
stat.2
Michael Kerrisk [Alessandro Vesely]
ERRORS: ENOENT can occur where a path component is a dangling symlink
See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=909789
Benjamin Peterson
SEE ALSO: add statx(2)
statx.2
Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk]
statx() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2)
syscall.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk]
Elaborate x32 ABI specifics
snyh
Fix wrong retval register number in alpha architecture
Helge Deller
parisc needs care with syscall parameters
Michael Kerrisk
Rework table to render within 80 columns
syscalls.2
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Change example of a thin syscall wrapper to chdir()
As truncate(3) should dispatch between truncate/truncate64,
as noted later in the page.
Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk]
Update syscall table
Added: arc_gettls, arc_settls, arc_usr_cmpxchg, arch_prctl,
atomic_barrier, atomic_cmpxchg_32, bfin_spinlock, breakpoint,
clone2, cmpxchg, cmpxchg_badaddr, dma_memcpy, execv, get_tls,
getdomainname, getdtablesize, gethostname, getxgid, getxpid,
getxuid, metag_get_tls, metag_set_fpu_flags,metag_set_tls,
metag_set_global_bit, newfstatat, old_adjtimex, oldumount,
or1k_atomic, pread, pwrite, riscv_flush_icache,
sched_get_affinity, sched_set_affinity, set_tls, setaltroot,
sethae, setpgrp, spill, sram_alloc, sram_free, swapcontext,
switch_endian, sys_debug_setcontext, syscall, sysmips, timerfd,
usr26, usr32, xtensa.
Uncommented: memory_ordering
Renamed: ppc_rtas to rtas (__NR_rtas), ppc_swapcontext to
swapcontext (__NR_swacontext).
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Note about s390x and old_mmap
Michael Kerrisk
Add s390_guarded_storage(2)
Michael Kerrisk
Update syscall list for Linux 4.18
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Note that not all architectures return errno negated
Helge Deller
parisc Linux does not any longer emulate HP-UX
Michael Kerrisk
Comment out details of a few system calls that only ever briefly existed
unshare.2
Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
Same EINVAL errors as for clone(2) can also occur with unshare(2)
Tycho Andersen
Note EINVAL when unsharing pid ns twice
The kernel doesn't allow unsharing a pid NS if it has
previously been unshared.
ustat.2
Michael Kerrisk
Starting with version 2.28, glibc no longer provides a wrapper function
vmsplice.2
Andrei Vagin
Note that vmsplice can splice pages from pipe to memory
wait.2
Michael Kerrisk
Add some cross references to core(5)
write.2
Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El]
RETURN VALUE: clarify details of partial write and
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197961
Goldwyn Rodrigues
Add details on partial direct I/O writes
alloca.3
Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin]
Prevent any misunderstanding about when allocated memory is released
bsd_signal.3
Xiao Yang
Fix the wrong version of _POSIX_C_SOURCE
bstring.3
Michael Kerrisk [Emil Fihlman]
Correct argument list for memmem() prototype
cmsg.3
Michael Kerrisk
Explain zero-initialization requirement for CMSG_NXTHDR()
Michael Kerrisk
Remove out of place mention of MSG_CTRUNC
This detail is covered in recvmsg(2), and now also in unix(7).
Michael Kerrisk
Note that CMSG_FIRSTHDR can return NULL
Michael Kerrisk
Remove unnecessary 'fdptr' intermediate variable in example code
des_crypt.3
encrypt.3
Michael Kerrisk
The functions described in these pages are removed in glibc 2.28
dlsym.3
Michael Kerrisk
Describe a case where a symbol value may be NULL
errno.3
Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day]
Mention that errno(1) is part of the 'moreutils' package
exec.3
Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov]
Note that SPARCC provides an execv() system call
exit.3
Mike Frysinger
Note wider sysexits.h availability
ferror.3
Elliot Hughes
Warn about closing the result of fileno()
fnmatch.3
Elliott Hughes
Clarify "shell wildcard pattern"
getaddrinfo.3
Michael Kerrisk [Eric Sanchis]
Fix off-by-one error in example client program
getcwd.3
Michael Kerrisk
Rework text on use of getcwd() system call
Make it clear that all of the library functions described on this
page will use the getcwd() system call if it is present.
Michael Kerrisk
Add details on the getcwd() syscall and how it used by libc functions
Michael Kerrisk
Reorder the text describing "(unreachable)" being returned by getcwd()
getmntent.3
Elliot Hughes
Clarify that endmntent() should be used rather than fclose()
isatty.3
Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
Most non-tty files nowadays result in the error ENOTTY
Historically, at least FIFOs and pipes yielded the error EINVAL.
lockf.3
Ian Turner
ERRORS: add EINTR
malloc.3
Michael Kerrisk
Add reference to glibc MallocInternals wiki
Michael Kerrisk
Note that calloc() detects overflow when multiplying its arguments
Michael Kerrisk
Since glibc 2.29, realloc() is exposed by defining _DEFAULT_SOURCE
Info gleaned from glilic NEWS file.
pthread_attr_init.3
Michael Kerrisk [Göran Häggsjö, Jakub Wilk]
Use correct printf() specifier for "size_t" in example program
pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np.3
Carlos O'Donell
Remove bug notes
pthread_setname_np.3
Jakub Wilk
Explain _np suffix
Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np"
suffix is because these functions are non-portable.
putenv.3
Michael Kerrisk
Note a glibc extension: putenv("NAME") removes an environment variable
resolver.3
Michael Becker
Add documentation of res_nclose()
strcmp.3
Heinrich Schuchardt
Clarify that strcmp() is not locale aware
strcpy.3
Matthew Kilgore
Fix example code for strncpy, which could pass an incorrect length
Michael Kerrisk [Frank Theile]
Use "destination" consistently (instead of "target" sometimes)
strfry.3
Keith Thompson
Remove incorrect reference to rand(3)
string.3
strlen.3
strnlen.3
Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
Use 'bytes' not 'characters'
This is in line with POSIX terminology.
system.3
Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
Use '(char *) NULL' rather than '(char *) 0'
Michael Kerrisk
Note that system() can fail for the same reasons as fork(2)
Arkadiusz Drabczyk
Mention that 'errno' is set on error
termios.3
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Note an XTABS alpha issue
trunc.3
Michael Kerrisk [Eric Benton, G. Branden Robinson]
Make the description a little clearer
Michael Kerrisk
Emphasize that the return value is a floating-point number
xcrypt.3
Jason A. Donenfeld
Warn folks not to use these functions
lirc.4
Sean Young
Fix broken link
Sean Young
Document error returns more explicitly
Sean Young
lirc.h include file is in /usr/include/linux/lirc.h
Sean Young [Alec Leamas, Mauro Carvalho Chehab]
Remove ioctls and feature bits which were never implemented
Sean Young
Unsupported ioctl() operationsalways return ENOTTY
Sean Young
LIRC_MODE_LIRCCODE has been replaced by LIRC_MODE_SCANCODE
Sean Young
Document remaining ioctl (LIRC_GET_REC_TIMEOUT)
Now all ioctls are documented.
Sean Young
Timeout reports are enabled by default
Sean Young
Some devices are send only
Sean Young
Update SEE ALSO
Sean Young
LIRC_CAN_SET_REC_DUTY_CYCLE_RANGE was never supported
No driver ever supported such a thing.
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify the description LIRC_SET_REC_TIMEOUT
tty.4
Michael Witten
Add `vcs(4)' and `pty(7)' to the `SEE ALSO' section
vcs.4
Mattias Engdegård [Michael Witten]
Fix broken example code
core.5
Michael Kerrisk
Add cross reference to vdso(7) where "virtual DSO" is mentioned
filesystems.5
Eugene Syromyatnikov
Mention sysfs(2)
host.conf.5
Nikola Forró
Clarify glibc versions in which spoof options were removed
proc.5
Michael Kerrisk [Philip Dumont]
Document /proc/[tid]
See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201441
Michael Kerrisk
Add an overview section describing the groups of files under /proc
Keno Fischer [Robert O'Callahan]
Correct description of NStgid
Lucas Werkmeister
Document fdinfo format for timerfd
Stephan Knauss
Mention /proc/uptime includes time spent in suspend
Michael Kerrisk
Reword /proc/PID/fdinfo timerfd field descriptions as a hanging list
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add htop(1) and pstree(1)
fs/proc/uptime.c:uptime_proc_show() fetches time using
ktime_get_boottime which includes the time spent in suspend.
Michael Kerrisk
Document /proc/PID/status CoreDumping field
Michael Kerrisk
Mention choom(1) in discussion of /proc/[pid]/oom_score_adj
Michael Kerrisk
Add a few details on /rpoc/PID/fdinfo timerfd
Michael Kerrisk
Document /proc/meminfo KReclaimable field
Added in Linux 4.20.
Michael Kerrisk
Explain how to determine top-most mount in /proc/PID/mountinfo
Explain how to determine the top-most mount at a particular
location by inspecting /proc/PID/mountinfo.
Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
Remove bogus suggestion to use cat(1) to read files containing '\0'
Michael Kerrisk
Refer to mount(2) for explanation of mount vs superblock options
Michael Kerrisk
Fix description of /proc/PID/* ownership to account for user namespaces
Elvira Khabirova
Describe ambiguities in /proc/<pid>/maps
Michael Kerrisk [Nick Gregory]
Since Linux 4.5, "stack:" is no longer shown in /proc/PID/maps
Nikola Forró
Document /proc/[pid]/status Speculation_Store_Bypass field
Alan Jenkins
Vmalloc information is no longer calculated (Linux 4.4)
Michael Kerrisk [Alexander E. Patrakov, Jakub Wilk, Michael Kerrisk]
Use 'tr '\000' '\n' to display contents of /proc/PID/environ
Michael Kerrisk
Setting dumpable to 1 reverts ownership of /proc/PID/* to effective IDs
Michael Kerrisk
Document /proc/Meminfo LazyFree field
Michael Kerrisk
Fix kernel source pathname for soft-dirty documentation
Michael Kerrisk
/proc/[pid]/status VmPMD field was removed in Linux 4.15
resolv.conf.5
Nikola Forró
Document no-reload (RES_NPRELOAD) option
tzfile.5
Paul Eggert
Sync from tzdb upstream
capabilities.7
Michael Kerrisk
Fix some imprecisions in discussion of namespaced file capabilities
The file UID does not come into play when creating a v3
security.capability extended attribute.
Michael Kerrisk
Note that v3 security.attributes are transparently created/retrieved
Michael Kerrisk
Improve the discussion of when file capabilities are ignored
The text stated that the execve() capability transitions are not
performed for the same reasons that setuid and setgid mode bits
may be ignored (as described in execve(2)). But, that's not quite
correct: rather, the file capability sets are treated as empty
for the purpose of the capability transition calculations.
Michael Kerrisk
Rework bounding set as per-thread set in transformation rules
Michael Kerrisk
Substantially rework "Capabilities and execution of programs by root"
Rework for improved clarity, and also to include missing details
on the case where (1) the binary that is being executed has
capabilities attached and (2) the real user ID of the process is
not 0 (root) and (3) the effective user ID of the process is 0
(root).
Marcus Gelderie
Add details about SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS
The description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is misleading about the
effects on the effective capabilities of a process during a
switch to nonzero UIDs. The effective set is cleared based on
the effective UID switching to a nonzero value, even if
SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is set. However, with this bit set, the
effective and permitted sets are not cleared if the real and
saved set-user-ID are set to nonzero values.
Marcus Gelderie
Mention header for SECBIT constants
Mention that the named constants (SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS and others)
are available only if the linux/securebits.h user-space header
is included.
Michael Kerrisk
Add text introducing bounding set along with other capability sets
Michael Kerrisk [Allison Randal]
Update URL for location of POSIX.1e draft standard
Michael Kerrisk
CAP_SYS_CHROOT allows use of setns() to change the mount namespace
Michael Kerrisk [Pierre Chifflier]
Ambient capabilities do not trigger secure-execution mode
Michael Kerrisk
Add a subsection on per-user-namespace "set-user-ID-root" programs
Michael Kerrisk
Rework discussion of exec and UID 0, correcting a couple of details
Clarify the "Capabilities and execution of programs by root"
section, and correct a couple of details:
* If a process with rUID == 0 && eUID != 0 does an exec,
the process will nevertheless gain effective capabilities
if the file effective bit is set.
* Set-UID-root programs only confer a full set of capabilities
if the binary does not also have attached capabilities.
Michael Kerrisk
Update URL for libcap tarballs
The previous location does not seem to be getting updated.
(For example, at the time of this commit, libcap-2.26
had been out for two months, but was not present at
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs.
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify which capability sets capset(2) and capget(2) apply to
capset(2) and capget(2) apply operate only on the permitted,
effective, and inheritable process capability sets.
Michael Kerrisk
Correct the description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS
Michael Kerrisk
Add background details on capability transformations during execve(2)
Add background details on ambient and bounding set when
discussing capability transformations during execve(2).
Michael Kerrisk
Document the 'no_file_caps' kernel command-line option
cgroup_namespaces.7
Michael Kerrisk [Troy Engel]
Clarify the example by making an implied detail more explicit.
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201047
Michael Kerrisk
Add more detail on v2 'cpu' controller and realtime threads
Explicitly note the scheduling policies that are relevant for the
v2 'cpu' controller.
cgroups.7
Michael Kerrisk
Document the use of 'cgroup_no_v1=named' to disable v1 named hierarchies
This feature was added in Linux 5.0.
Michael Kerrisk [Mike Weilgart]
Complete partial sentence re kernel boot options and 'nsdelegate'
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201029
Michael Kerrisk
Reframe the text on delegation to include more details about cgroups v1
Michael Kerrisk [Leah Hanson]
Rework discussion of writing to cgroup.type file
In particular, it is possible to write "threaded" to a
cgroup.type file if the current type is "domain threaded".
Previously, the text had implied that this was not possible.
Michael Kerrisk [Balbir Singh, Marcus Gelderie]
Soften the discussion about delegation in cgroups v1
Balbir pointed out that v1 delegation was not an accidental
feature.
epoll.7
Michael Kerrisk
Introduce the terms "interest list" and "ready list"
Michael Kerrisk
Consistently use the term "interest list" rather than "epoll set"
Michael Kerrisk
Reformat Q&A list
Michael Kerrisk
Note that edge-triggered notification wakes up only one waiter
Note a useful performance benefit of EPOLLET: ensuring that
only one of multiple waiters (in epoll_wait()) is woken
up when a file descriptor becomes ready.
Michael Kerrisk
Expand the discussion of the implications of file descriptor duplication
In particular, note that it may be difficult for an application
to know about the existence of duplicate file descriptors.
feature_test_macros.7
Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Westfeld]
Add more detail on why FTMs must be defined before including any header
inotify.7
Michael Kerrisk [Paul Millar]
Note ENOTDIR error that can occur for IN_ONLYDIR
Note ENOTDIR error that occurs when requesting a watch on a
nondirectory with IN_ONLYDIR.
ip.7
Bert Hubert
IP_RECVTTL error fixed
I need to get the TTL of UDP datagrams from userspace, so I set
the IP_RECVTTL socket option. And as promised by ip.7, I then get
IP_TTL messages from recvfrom. However, unlike what the manpage
promises, the TTL field gets passed as a 32 bit integer.
man.7
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: remove mdoc.samples(7)
mount_namespaces.7
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add findmnt(8)
namespaces.7
Michael Kerrisk
List factors that may pin a namespace into existence
Various factors may pin a namespace into existence, even when it
has no member processes.
Michael Kerrisk [Tycho Kirchner]
Briefly explain why CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed to create nonuser namespaces
Michael Kerrisk
Mention ioctl(2) in discussion of namespaces APIs
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add pam_namespace(8)
pid_namespaces.7
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify the semantics for the adoption of orphaned processes
Because of setns() semantics, the parent of a process may reside
in the outer PID namespace. If that parent terminates, then the
child is adopted by the "init" in the outer PID namespace (rather
than the "init" of the PID namespace of the child).
Michael Kerrisk
Note a detail of /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children behavior
After clone(CLONE_NEWPID), /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children is empty
until the first child is created. Verified by experiment.
Michael Kerrisk
Note that a process can do unshare(CLONE_NEWPID) only once
(See the recent commit to the unshare(2) manual page.)
sched.7
Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov]
In the kernel source SCHED_OTHER is actually called SCHED_NORMAL
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add ps(1) and top(1)
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add chcpu(1), lscpu(1)
signal.7
Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin]
Clarify that sigsuspend() and pause() suspend the calling *thread*
Helge Deller
Add signal numbers for parisc
Michael Kerrisk
Unify signal lists into a signal table that embeds standards info
Having the signals listed in three different tables reduces
readability, and would require more table splits if future
standards specify other signals.
Michael Kerrisk
Reorder the architectures in the signal number lists
x86 and ARM are the most common architectures, but currently
are in the second subfield in the signal number lists.
Instead, swap that info with subfield 1, so the most
common architectures are first in the list.
Michael Kerrisk
Place signal numbers in a separate table
The current tables of signal information are unwieldy,
as they try to cram in too much information.
Michael Kerrisk
Insert standards info into tables
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add clone(2)
socket.7
Michael Kerrisk
Refer reader to unix(7) for information on SO_PASSSEC
Michael Kerrisk
SEE ALSO: add address_families(7)
socket.7
unix.7
Michael Kerrisk
Move text describing SO_PEERCRED from socket(7) to unix(7)
This is, AFAIK, an option specific to UNIX domain sockets, so
place it in unix(7).
tcp.7
udp.7
Michael Kerrisk
Add a reference to socket(7) noting existence of further socket options
unix.7
Michael Kerrisk
Enhance the description of SCM_RIGHTS
The existing description is rather thin. More can be said.
Michael Kerrisk
There is a limit on the size of the file descriptor array for SCM_RIGHTS
The limit is defined in the kernel as SCM_MAX_FD (253).
Michael Kerrisk
Rework SO_PEERCRED text for greater clarity
Michael Kerrisk [Felipe Gasper]
Clarify SO_PASSCRED behavior
Michael Kerrisk
Explicitly note that SO_PASSCRED provides SCM_CREDENTIALS messages
Michael Kerrisk
If the buffer to receive SCM_RIGHTS FDs is too small, FDs are closed
Michael Kerrisk
One must send at least one byte of real data with ancillary data
Michael Kerrisk
Ancillary data forms a barrier when receiving on a stream socket
Michael Kerrisk
When sending ancillary data, only one item of each type may be sent
Michael Kerrisk
Improve wording describing socket option argument/return values
Michael Kerrisk
Clarify treatment of incoming ancillary data if 'msg_control' is NULL
Michael Kerrisk
Note behavior if buffer to receive ancillary data is too small
Michael Kerrisk
Fix a minor imprecision in description of SCM_CREDENTIALS
Michael Kerrisk
Refer reader to socket(7) for information about SO_PEEK_OFF
user_namespaces.7
Michael Kerrisk
Rework terminology describing ownership of nonuser namespaces
Prefer the word "owns" rather than "associated with" when
describing the relationship between user namespaces and non-user
namespaces. The existing text used a mix of the two terms, with
"associated with" being predominant, but to my ear, describing the
relationship as "ownership" is more comprehensible.
vdso.7
Helge Deller
Fix parisc gateway page description
ld.so.8
Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, David Newall]
Document the --preload command-line option added in glibc 2.30
Michael Kerrisk
Note delimiters for 'list' in --audit and --inhibit-rpath
Michael Kerrisk
Place OPTIONS in alphabetical order
Michael Kerrisk
LD_PRELOAD-ed objects are added to link map in left-to-right order
zdump.8
Paul Eggert
Sync from tzdb upstream
zic.8
Paul Eggert
Sync from tzdb upstream
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