The following are changes in previous 2.xx man page releases. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ==================== Released: 2004-12-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alberto Bertogli Anand Kumria Andrey Kiselev Andries Brouwer Chris Green Branden Robinson Emmanuel Colbus Enrico Zini Eric Estievenart Fabian Kreutz Florian Weimer Jan Kuznik Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Berg John V. Belmonte Karel Kulhavy Luis Javier Merino Morán Martin Pool Richard Kreckel Vasya Pupkin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion from Fabian Kreutz. Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and Andries Brouwer. For consistency, all instances "super-user" were changed to the more common "superuser". After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added to the SYNOPSIS of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros. In addition: -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed on various pages. -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed to "unsigned int", etc. -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed. The affected pages are: getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Individual pages ---------------- bind.2 Florian Weimer Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762 fcntl.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL. mtk/aeb Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb. See also: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2 getrlimit.2 mtk Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page. Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel 2.6.9 changes. Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING Also made a few other minor changes. getrusage.2 mtk This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting getrlimit.2. Repaired note on SIGCHLD behaviour to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. kill.2 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing when signals can be sent to init. mlock.2, munlock.2, mlockall.2, munlockall.2 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page. In the process, much duplication was eliminated and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9, mmap.2 mtk Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits. Eric Estievenart Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings msgctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. msgget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. msgop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. open.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8) mtk Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically personality.2 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze semctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Rewrote semun text. Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. semget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialise semaphore values. semop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Updated shmid_ds structure definitions. Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags. Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK since kernel 2.6.9. Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8) shmget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment of segments marked for destruction. sigaction.2 mtk Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP. Added SA_NOCLDWAIT. Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags. Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9. Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19). Other minor changes. signal.2 mtk Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer to sigaction.2. sigwaitinfo.2 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout" as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145 stat.2 Enrico Zini Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to st_mode field. as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698 swapon.2 After bug report from Anand Kumria Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi mtk Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area"). Added EBUSY error for swapon(). A few formatting fixes. times.2 mtk In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no longer time since boot, but rather: boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behaviour to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. Some formatting fixes. undocumented.2 After bug report from Johannes Berg Changed .TH UNIMPLEMENTED to: .TH UNDOCUMENTED as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741 wait.2 mtk Added waitid(2). Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10). Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP. Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behaviour. Much other text rewritten. wait4.2 mtk Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information, and replacing with pointers to wait.2. Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD" waitid.2 mtk New link to wait.2 assert.3 After bug report from Branden Robinson The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814 ctime.3 mtk Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day of the preceding month. getnameinfo.3 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero value indicating the error. mtk added EAI_OVERFLOW error killpg.3 mtk Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO. lseek64.3 aeb New page by Andries Brouwer tzset.3 Richard Kreckel Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ. http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601 printf.3 After bug report from Jan Kuznik http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example realpath.3 mtk Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL. random.4 After bug report from John V. Belmonte Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c) as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779 proc.5 mtk Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid. rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list boot.7 applied patch from Martin Schulze capabilities.7 mtk Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER netdevice.7 Karel Kulhavy and AEB formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a few wording fixes. signal.7 mtk /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING in kernel 2.6.8. tcp.7 mtk/aeb Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ==================== Released: 2004-12-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Carsten Hey Johannes Berg Joshua Kwan Marek Habersack Martin Schulze Matthew Dempsky Matthew Gregan Pedro Zorzenon Neto Tony Crawford Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Matthew Dempsky, mtk triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in the following pages: accept.2 close.2 send.2 setsid.2 socket.2 closedir.3 initgroups.3 mkstemp.3 opendir.3 readdir.3 telldir.3 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Individual pages ---------------- sendfile.2 mtk Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to 2.6 reality. Wording and formatting changes ctan.3 ctanh.3 Tony Crawford As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S. errno.3 Martin Schulze, mtk Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes on historical need for this declaration. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175 aio_return.3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)" posix_openpt.3 mtk New by mtk ptsname.3 mtk Added description of ptsname_r(). Added ERRORS. ptsname_r.3 mtk New link to ptsname.3. shm_open.3 Matthew Gregan add to synopsis as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243 strcasecmp.3 Marek Habersack .SH "CONFORMING TO" -BSD 4.4 +BSD 4.4, SUSv3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443 strfry.3 Joshua Kwan Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538 strftime.3 Cartsen Hey as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..0. SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said. (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 -- e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.) The glibc manual currently says 0..60. Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the manual page to also say this: -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61). +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.) sysconf.3 Johannes Berg / http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV system.3 Pedro Zorzenon as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros as for wait(2). mtk Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX). Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behaviour of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if 'command' is NULL. Other wording and formatting clean-ups. undocumented.3 Remove some functions names that *are* documented. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ==================== Released: 2005-04-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Branden Robinson Colin Watson David Lloyd Gordon Jin Heikki Orsila Jamie Lokier Johan Walles Kai Makisara Marko Kohtala Martin Pool Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Lang Michael Haardt Michael Mühlebach Mike Frysinger Sasa Stevanovic Serguei Leontiev Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Martin (Joey) Schulze Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent newctime(3) from: ctime.3 tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Individual pages ---------------- clone.2 mtk Noted the PID caching behaviour of NPTL's getpid() wrapper under BUGS. Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2), tkill(2) under SEE ALSO. epoll_ctl.2 epoll_create.2 Marko Kohtala / mtk Improved various error descriptions. epoll_wait.2 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala Added EINTR to errors. fcntl.2 Jamie Lokier / mtk Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to multi-threaded programs. Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN. Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are now in POSIX. link.2 mtk Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath is a symbolic link. See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html Michael Haardt / mtk Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. mincore.2 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin Updated ERRORS pipe.2 As per message from Serguei Leontiev Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional. (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and sockets on the latter.) posix_fadvise.2 mtk Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6. rename.2 Michael Haardt Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. semop.2 mtk Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop(). setitimer.2 Matthias Lang, mtk Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling. Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values. sigqueue.2 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO times.2 mtk Added notes on non-standard behaviour: Linux allows 'buf' to be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable. uselib.2 Andries Brouwer Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between EACCES and ENOEXEC. bcopy.3 Heikki Orsila bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not, so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned. getmntent_r.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze New link to man3/getmntent.3. memcpy.3 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic. strcasestr.3 mtk Created as link to strstr.3. strftime.3 mtk Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier. strstr.3 mtk Added description of strcasestr(). random.4 aeb Improved description of read from /dev/urandom. st.4 Kai Makisara Substantial updates. man.7 Martin Schulze Branden Robinson Colin Watson Mention the .URL macro more verbosely. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ==================== Released: 2005-06-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Nicolai Justin Pryzby Klaus Ethgen Pavel Heimlich Ross Boylan Vincent Fourmond Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Pavel Heimlich Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)' in: tty.4 mouse.4 vcs.4 console_ioctl.4 console.4 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Individual pages ---------------- clone.2 mtk Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD. Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED. Other minor fixes. execve.2 aeb Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program. fcntl.2 Johannes Nicolai / mtk Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4 and earlier. Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner. flock.2 mtk Noted that lock conversions are not atomic. getrusage.2 mtk ru_nswap has never contained useful information. Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also: http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html kill.2 mtk Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case. mount.2 mtk Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary. Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for each thread in a thread group. shmctl.2 mtk Noted aberrant Linux behaviour with respect to new attaches to a segment that has already been marked for deletion. Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK. wait.2 mtk Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid(). getconf.3 mtk Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION. hosts.5 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze various changes as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242 proc.5 mtk Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields. Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat. capabilities.7 mtk 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g regex.7 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do not seem to be in the glibc implementation. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666 tzselect.8 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo. (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ==================== Released: 2005-06-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Baurjan Ismagulov Dave Love Dieter Brueggemann Geoff Clare Guido Trotter kabloom Kevin Ryde Justin Pryzby Mike Furr Olivier Croquette Olivier Guilyardi Peter Cordes Philipp Spitzer Tanaka Akira Thierry Excoffier Thomas Hood Vincent Lefevre Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- For consistency across pages: 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pthreads.7 mtk An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk Various minor changes epoll_ctl.2 Mike Furr BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL 'event', even though this argument is ignored. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517. flock.2 mtk / Kevin Ryde Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks and open file entries and file descriptors. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121 getitimer.2 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy). getrlimit.2 mtk RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later". getrusage.2 Geoff Clare Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used. nice.2 mtk / Guido Trotter Rewrote description of return value. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183 open.2 Walter Harms O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE. mtk O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6 Various minor fixes atexit.3 mtk Various minor changes exit.3 mtk Various minor changes getopt.3 mtk / Philipp Spitzer Fix description of return value. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359 hsearch.3 mtk Changed (char *) to (void *) in example. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607 log1p.3 Justin Pryzby make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578 makecontext.3 Tanaka Akira Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext() As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800 on_exit.3 mtk Various minor changes rand.3 kabloom@ucdavis.edu Small fix to a code example As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842. realpath.3 mtk / Thomas Hood When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath() will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes. Plus other minor changes. See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424 rcmd.3 Dave Love The required header file for these functions on Linux is As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680 scanf.3 Olivier Guilyardi Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109 stdin.3 Vincent Lefevre freopen() can change the descriptors associated with stdin/stdout/stderr. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859. strerror.3 Baurjan Ismagulov strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880 sysconf.3 Peter Cordes / mtk Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV" proc.5 mtk Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7 ip.7 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically. tcp.7 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ==================== Released: 2005-06-27 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A Costa Andries Brouwer Bas Zoetekouw Dan Jacobson Delian Krustev Dora Anna Volgyesi Martin (Joey) Schulze Ove Kaaven Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to A Costa.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". close.2 mtk Clarified what type of lock close() affects. Minor formatting changes. dup.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags" Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate. Minor formatting fixes fcntl.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags" Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2 with a cross ref to dup.2 Minor wording and formatting fixes fpclassify.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02 to differentiate positive and negative infinity. See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765 getgid.2 getuid.2 Delian Krustev Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852 getitimer.2 mtk The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12. getpriority.2 mtk Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19. Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems. open.2 mtk / aeb Clarification of term "open file description" along with explanation of what information it maintains. Other wording improvements Various minor wording changes atexit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on shared library unload. Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on abnormal termination. Formatting fixes. exit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Minor rewording and formatting changes. getloadavg.3 mtk Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype log2.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Add ERANGE error. readdir.3 mtk Added definition of Linux dirent structure. Some formatting cleanups. strtod.3 Dora Anna Volgyesi/ mtk strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668 tdestroy.3 mtk New link to tsearch.3 tsearch.3 mtk Added tdestroy to .TH line mem.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem" null.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero" vcs.4 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515 signal.7 Ove Kaaven SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369 urn.7 mtk New link to uri.7 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ==================== Released: 2005-07-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Bhavesh P Davda Clau Weber Dov Murik David Lloyd Frederik Deweerdt Justin Pryzby Lars Wirzenius Martin Pool Mike Frysinger Petter Reinholdtsen Steven Murdoch Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected. New pages --------- canonicalize_file_name.3 Walter Harms / mtk Removed Pages ------------- sstk.2 mtk AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other than be a stub) on any Unix. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. bind.2 mtk Minor formatting changes clone.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes connect.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. epoll_create.2 Bhavesh P Davda s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor] getrlimit.2 mtk Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit. RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30. (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.) s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/ listen.2 mtk Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling. Minor wording and formatting changes. semop.2 mtk Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken up when the value does actually reach zero. http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2 socket.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements umask.2 mtk Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation mask" clearer. Various, mostly small, wording changes errno.3 Martin Pool Change description for ESTALE As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344 fgetgrent.3 getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 David Lloyd Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3) See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336 getgrent.3 getgrnam.3 getpwent.3 getpwnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages. getnameinfo.3 mtk Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror(). getnetent.3 Petter Reinholdtsen s/endservent/endnetent/ As per Debian Bug#316517 getspnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk, Claus Weber Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc. hsearch.3 Frederik Deweerdt Fix hsearch_r() prototype scanf.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Fix description of RETURN VALUE As per Debian Bug#317037 mtk various parts substantially rewritten; added description of %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation). shm_open.3 mtk Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new object are set. Various minor wording and formatting cleanups. elf.5 Mike Frysinger tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF' add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine fix indenting to be consistent tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros document the Elf_Dyn structure proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/stat. Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files. ip.7 Steven Murdoch Change protocol in UDP prototype. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635 tcp.7 Dov Murik The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense). It has been removed. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ==================== Released: 2005-07-19 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages. Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID" (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID", saved group ID", etc.) Global fixes in textual descriptions: uid --> UID gid --> GID pid --> PID id --> ID Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime. Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- setresuid.2 mtk Some rewording. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev. mtk Various wording and formatting improvements. truncate.2 mtk Some formatting fixes ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ==================== Released: 2005-09-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Alain PORTAL Andrew Pimlott Andries Brouwer Baurzhan Ismagulov Bernhard R. Link Bodo Stroesser David N. Welton Dov Murik Heikki Orsila Hasso Tepper Hrvoje Niksic Justin Pryzby Ludovic Courtes Mike Frysinger Nicolas Francois Norbert Buchmuller Paul Brook Ramiro Aceves Tommy Pettersson Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn" (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn"). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- du.1 Mike Frysinger To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human", not "HUMAN". time.1 Mike Frysinger s/standard output/standard error/ clone.2 Paul Brook / mtk Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID connect.2 Heikki Orsila Add EINTR error See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254 getpriority.2 mtk Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel representations of the nice value. Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error. Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority(). getrlimit.2 mtk Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO Added description of RLIMIT_NICE mmap.2 mtk Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7. mremap.2 mtk Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype. Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE. Rewrote description of EAGAIN error. Added discussion of resizing of memory locks. Added entries to SEE ALSO. Some formatting fixes. msgctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions. nanosleep.2 Baurzhan Ismagulov Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309 As per Debian bug 314435 nice.2 mtk Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described in getpriority.2. Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on RLIMIT_NICE. outb.2 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk Clarified the order of value and port arguments; As per Debian bug 263756 pause.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2 Some formatting fixes. poll.2 Tommy Pettersson nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t As per Debian bug 322934 mtk Some wording and formatting improvements. prctl.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2. rand.3 Hrvoje Niksic / mtk Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function. As per debian bug 328629 readv.2 mtk / Walter harms Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when vector size exceeds IOV_MAX. Formatting clean-ups. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downwards. sched_setparam.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and resource limits. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO. semctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions. shmctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions. sigaction.2 mtk Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out into separate new pages. Other minor changes mtk NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in all kernels up to and including 2.6.13. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2 List: linux-kernel Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong From: Bodo Stroesser Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06 signal.2 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2 sigpending.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Changed CONFORMING TO. sigprocmask.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument. Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL, and SIGSEGV. Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process. Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic. Changed CONFORMING TO. sigsuspend.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added NOTES on usage. Added new text to DESCRIPTION. Changed CONFORMING TO. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve st_blocks description. carg.3 Ramiro Aceves / aeb Change: One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z)) to: One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z) As per Debian bug 326720 cmsg.3 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) dlopen.3 Alain Portal s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/ getaddrinfo.3 mtk Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior is all that SUSv3 requires). 1,$s/PF_/AF_/g Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED, and AI_NUMERICSERV. Some wording and formatting fixes. getpwnam.3 Bernhard R. Link / mtk Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME inet.3 Mike Frysinger Mention "little endian" and "big endian". Added note about octal and hex interpretation of numbers-and-dots notation. rpc.3 mtk / Ludovic Courtes Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently have such a page in the man-pages set. In response to Debian bug report 325115 setenv.3 mtk glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug strnlen.3 Mike Frysinger Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype. initrd.4 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing the root device is obsolete, in favour of pivot root. (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually describe the pivot_root method...) As per Debian bug 323621. proc.5 mtk Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13) Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13) More needs to be said about this file Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted in part of the text of this page being duplicated. utmp.5 Mike Frysinger Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv. capabilities.7 mtk Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE. ip.7 mtk / Andrew Pimlott Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number. Reformat long source lines (no text changed). s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) Hasso Tepper Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL signal.7 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2 socket.7 mtk Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED. tcp.7 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) udp.7 mtk Added description of UDP_CORK socket option s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ==================== Released: 2005-10-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Peter Chubb Samuel Thibault Tomas Pospisek Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- ptsname.3 getpt.3 unlockpt.3 openpty.3 posix_openpt.3 grantpt.3 pts.4 tty_ioctl.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pty.7 mtk Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 mtk Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). fcntl.2 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a file descriptor that is opened read-only. See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"): http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2 mprotect.2 mtk Add new text to ENOMEM error mremap.2 mtk Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument under NOTES. Revised text of EINVAL error. read.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT mtk Added open(2) to SEE ALSO shmget.2 mtk s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). write.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT atanh.3 mtk Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7) fopen.3 mtk Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). getrpcent.3 mtk s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). stdio.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are BSDisms that don't appear in glibc. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174 strftime.3 mtk Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). nsswitch.conf.5 mtk s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). proc.5 mtk Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout. socket.7 mtk Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT. (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ==================== Released: 2005-10-19 Global changes -------------- The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to the following rules: -- Function name references should *always* be followed by parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section number). -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be formatted. Thus, for example, instead of: .B name() one should write: .BR name () Much of the change was automated using two scripts: add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh. For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'. NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL: -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.) -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules: some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided to help find remaining instances of function names without following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh. The following changes were made: -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections 2 and 3. -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7 (the only sections where such changes were required). -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand. (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ==================== Released: 2005-10-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain PORTAL Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has been removed where it occurred. Many minor formatting fixes were made. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getrlimit.2 mtk Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit(). path_resolution.2 mtk Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion. prctl.2 mtk Removed text saying there is no library interface. There is nowadays. mkfifo.3 mtk Minor change to RETURN VALUE text. sk98lin.4 Alain Portal Formatting fixes capabilities.7 mtk Minor changes ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ==================== Released: 2005-10-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson herbert@gondor.apana.org.au Martin Landers Michael Benedict Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mlock.2 mtk Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used. path_resolution.2 mtk / aeb Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well" since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while the effective UID is not. Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of it into capabilities.7 setresuid.2 mtk Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file system GID. shmget.2 mtk Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB. sigaltstack.2 mtk / Martin Landers Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel. byteorder.3 Brian M. Carlson / herbert@gondor.apana.org.au Change to in prototype; add text explaining that some systems need the former header. As per Debian bug 265244 capabilities.7 mtk Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities. Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities". Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ==================== Released: 2005-11-03 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes. Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Function and page cross references that were italicised were made bold (which is how the majority of function and page cross references were already done). Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to "null-terminated string". Pathnames, structures, arguments, and that were bold were changed to italics. Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already formatted.) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ==================== Released: 2005-11-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Angelo Avery Pennarun Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Stefan Brüns Volker Reichelt Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- rexec.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution. (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are the same.) See also Debian bug 336875. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- arch_prctl.2 mtk Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc. execve.2 mtk Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum of the bytes in both environment and argument list. fcntl.2 mtk Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases, noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption by signal handler, or termination by signal in lease breaker. In response to Debian bug 339037. stat.2 mtk / Stefan Brüns Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps. frexp.3 Volker Reichelt / mtk Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example program to demonstrate this. open.2 mtk / Avery Pennarun Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases. In response to Debian bug 339037. putenv.3 mtk Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is what manual pages on many implementations also say). posix_memalign.3 mtk Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in . In fact, many declare it in . strtok.3 mtk Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out that the existing page was deficient. sd.4 Martin Schulze Remove SEE ALSO for non-existent scsi.4. proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max. signal.7 mtk Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO. ld.so.8 mtk Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ==================== Released: 2005-11-30 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer James Vega Malcolm Scott Senthil Kumar Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- sigvec.3 -- for details, see below. sigset.3 -- for details, see below. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- kill.2 mtk Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred when sending signals to a process group. sigaction.2 mtk Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux. sigpending.2 mtk Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed in glibc versions <= 2.2.1. sigpause.2 mtk Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below. sigsetops.3 mtk Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(), sigandset(), and sigorset(). sigvec.2 sigblock.2 mtk These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API. siggetmask.2 sigmask.2 sigsetmask.2 mtk These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3: sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3. sigvec.3 mtk This new page is provides a fuller description of the BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2 and sigblock.2. sigblock.3 siggetmask.3 sigmask.3 sigsetmask.3 mtk Created as links to sigvec.3. sigpause.3 mtk Moved here from Section 2. Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of X/Open flavour of this function. sigset.3 mtk New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(), sigrelse(), sigignore(). strftime.3 James Vega Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in glibc2. mtk Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width' components of conversion specifiers. Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3. Added an example program. vm86old.2 mtk / aeb Add as new linik to vm86.2. intro.7 mtk Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section 7 pages provide overviews of various topics. signal.7 mtk Added some SEE ALSO entries. socket.7 Senthil Kumar / mtk Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT. udp.7 Malcolm Scott s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example Fixes Debian bug 340927 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ==================== Released: 2005-12-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Stern Andries Brouwer Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP Urs Thuermann Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package. poll.2 mtk Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other implementations. shmop.2 Alan Stern The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)". strftime.r aeb Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment in page). ip.7 Urs Thuermann Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/ packet.7 Urs Thuermann Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET% ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ==================== Released: 2005-12-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Michael Haardt Urs Thuermann Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- fmemopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page. open_memstream.3 mtk New link to new fmemopen.3 pipe.7 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by Michael Haardt) New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages. fork.2 mtk Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2. pipe.2 mtk Added an example program. Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. wait.2 mtk Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid(). carg.3 Justin Pryzby Delete line that should have been deleted when applying 2.08 fix for this page. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically. inet.3 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required to expose declaration of inet_aton(). fifo.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. environ.5 mtk Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common. socket.7 Urs Thuermann Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP. tcp.7 mtk Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK. udp.7 mtk Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ==================== Released: 2005-12-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Karsten Sperling Martin (Joey) Schulze Mike Frysinger Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Added mention of AF_INET6 address family. Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the Unix domain. recv.2 mtk Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. send.2 mtk Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK in udp(7). Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. err.3 mtk Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are non-standard BSDisms. errno.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867) gethostbyname.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references to resolv+(8). (See also Debian Bug#308397.) perror.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867) resolver.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to resolv.conf(5). (See also Debian Bug#214892) Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5) (See Debian Bug#251122.) strerror.3 mtk / Stefan Puiu Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavours of strerror_r(), and added some additional information on strerror(). Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867) elf.5 Mike Frysinger Fix three typos in identifier names. operator.7 Karsten Sperling The + operator should be in the list of unary operators. raw.7 mtk Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere. Reformatted some long lines. socket.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Reformatted some long lines. Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. udp.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Added unix.7 and ipv6.7 to SEE ALSO. unix.7 mtk Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE. Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for Unix domain sockets. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ==================== Released: 2005-12-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Walter Harms Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Minor changes. bind.2 Stefan Puiu / mtk Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future: see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behaviour has been unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change. Add EADDRINUSE to errors. send.2 aeb Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO. fopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open). pipe.7 mtk / aeb Some wording changes to description of pipes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ==================== Released: 2006-01-03 Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sigaltstack.2 mtk Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which sigaltstack() is employed. getloadavg.3 mtk Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2. strcpy.3 mtk s/nulls/null bytes/ capabilities.7 mtk Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11. arp.7 icmp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 netdevice.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 socket.7 tcp.7 unix.7 udp.7 mtk The only changes to these pages have been for formatting: -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70 character lines. No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ==================== Released: 2006-01-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Falk Hueffner Mike Frysinger Senthil Kumar Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- dd.1 cp.1 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5 charsets.7 unix.7 mtk Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character). To rectify this the following changes were made in the above pages: Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'. Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'. Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'. Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'. Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'. Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'. Various pages mtk Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- mmap64.3 Mike Frysinger New link to mmap.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 mtk Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged capset() with 'pid' field == getpid(). epoll_ctl.2 mtk Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2. gethostname.2 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's gethostname() wrapper function. mmap.2 mtk / Mike Frysinger Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3) mtk A few other small rewordings. open.2 mtk Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT. dlopen.3 mtk Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument; added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE, and RTLD_DEEPBIND. Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is automatically called when a library is unloaded. fmemopen.3 mtk Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL. fseeko.3 Mike Frysinger Add RETURN VALUE section. getopt.3 mtk Noted historical use of to declare getopt(). qsort.3 mtk / Falk Hueffner Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar' function by providing an example. As per Debian bug 348072. proc.5 mtk Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15. Documented /proc/PID/task. Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task} are not available if the main thread has terminated. Senthil Kumar Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under /proc/sys/kernel/random. udp.7 Stefan Puiu / mtk Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT (add cross-ref to socket(7)). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ==================== Released: 2006-02-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andre Noll Andries Brouwer Colin Tuckley Stefan Puiu Thomas Hood Thorsten Kukuk Walter Harms Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- rt_sigreturn.2 Thorsten Kukuk New link to sigreturn.2 rt_sigsuspend.2 mtk New link to sigsuspend.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mmap.2 aeb/mtk Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS. Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS. waitid.2 mtk Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on most other implementations. getopt.3 Walter harms / mtk Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL. openpty.3 Thomas Hood / mtk In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys. qsort.3 mtk Small rewording under EXAMPLES strtol.3 strtoul.3 Stefan Puiu s/string must begin/string may begin/ proc.5 mtk Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify: max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ==================== Released: 2006-02-10 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Britton Leo Kerin Dan Jacobson Justin Pryzby Luc Van Oostenryck Kurt Wall Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Andree Robert Love Samuel Thibault Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- inotify_init.2 inotify_add_watch.2 inotify_rm_watch.2 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk. New pages describing the inotify API. mbind.2 get_mempolicy.2 set_mempolicy.2 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API. Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa. rtc.4 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk New page describing the real-time clock driver. inotify.7 mtk Overview of the inotify API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Andi Kleen On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall, but directly through "int $0x80". fcntl.2 mtk Small wording changes. Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify. kill.2 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin Small wording change under NOTES to clarify what happens when a process sends a signal to itself. See Debian bug 350236. mlock.2 mtk / Matthias Andree Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and RLIMIT_MEMLOCK. See the following LKML thread: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK" msgop.2 mtk / Samuel Thibault Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response to Debian bug report 350884. Various other wording fixes. open.2 mtk Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and "file status flags". read.2 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO for pread(2). As per Debian bug 351873. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Major rewrite. select.2 mtk Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(), FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET(). Other minor wording changes. read.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2). (Analogous with read.2 change above.) errno.3 Kurt Wall / mtk Add Linux specific errors to this page. localeconv.3 mtk Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn. Other minor wording changes. Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per Debian bug 351831. scanf.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Minor formatting & wording fixes. setlocale.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per Debian bug 351831. proc.5 mtk Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page. ascii.7 Dan Jacobson / mtk Add text describing characters 001 to 037. See Debian bug 342173. locale.7 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ==================== Released: 2006-02-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joerg Habenicht Luc Van Oostenryck Mike Frysinger Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- get_kernel_syms.2 create_module.2 delete_module.2 init_module.2 query_module.2 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck) man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6. Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of clean-ups and minor additions. Global changes -------------- various pages mtk Change "file name" to "filename" Change "path name" to "pathname" stpncpy.3 strstr.3 strcmp.3 toupper.3 strlen.3 stpcpy.3 puts.3 strdup.3 strtok.3 isalpha.3 strspn.3 gets.3 strpbrk.3 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions See Debian bug 351996. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text. Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag. Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified. fcntl.2 mtk Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files. inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Minor wording fix. msgop.2 mtk Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv(). fnmatch.3 Mike Frysinger / mtk Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME. lockf.3 Joerg Habenicht / mtk Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ==================== Released: 2006-03-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: James Peach Krzysztof Benedyczak Marten von Gagern Michael Haardt Michael Wronksi Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_open.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 mtk New pages describing POSIX message queue API. posix_fallocate.3 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach New page describing posix_fallocate(). mq_overview.7 mtk New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- lseek.2 Michael Haardt Add a case to the EINVAL error text. mtk Various minor wording fixes Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype. Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. proc.5 mtk Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page. inotify.7 Marten von Gagern Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ==================== Released: 2006-03-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Christoph Lameter Hasso Tepper Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Nicolas Francois Paul Brook Siward de Groot Steve Beattie Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- clone.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)). Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- openat.2 mtk New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16, and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls. mbind.2 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions, from numactl-0.9.2 man page. Plus a few other smaller fixes. fexecve.3 mtk New page describing fexecve(3). futimes.3 mtk New page describing futimes(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. intro.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall. msgctl.2 msgget.2 msgop.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7. open.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2. Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate NOTES section. Modified wording referring to raw(8) to indicate that this interface is deprecated. poll.2 mtk Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16. ppoll.2 mtk New link to poll.2. recvmsg.2 sendmsg.2 mtk / Paul Brook Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t. See Debian bug 356502 and the associated glibc bug report. http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448. mtk Various formatting fixes. select.2 mtk Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes. pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600". tempnam.3 Justin Pryzby Clean up description of EEXIST error. Debian bug 357893 unlink.2 mtk Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM. utime.2 mtk Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page. exec.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. shm_unlink.3 mtk New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page was originally written). swab.3 Walter Harms Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE". undocumented.3 mtk Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented. capabilities.7 mtk Various changes to bring this page closer to current kernel versions. inotify.7 mtk Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support for inotify. mq_overview.7 mtk Some rewording and added a few words about System V message queues. netlink.7 Hasso Tepper Substantial updates to various parts of this page. mtk, Alain Portal Minor fixes pthreads.7 mtk Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16. raw.7 Hasso Tepper Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL prevent datagrams from being fragmented. socket.7 mtk Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options, new in 2.6.14. Placed socket options in alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ==================== Released: 2006-03-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Charles P. Wright Christoph Lameter Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Daniel Jacobowitz Ingo Molnar Heiko Carstens Janak Desai Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- ushare.2 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 fork.2 vfork.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2. mbind.2 Christoph Lameter MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE. mremap.2 mtk Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed by glibc since version 2.4. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz, Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright; after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens. Document the following ptrace requests: PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6) plus associated flags: PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6) PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60) PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46) PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14) PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14) sched_get_priority_max.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_setparam.2 mtk, Ingo Molnar Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16. Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2, and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy. Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes. proc.5 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16. mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14. Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14. capabilities.7 mtk Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL). pthreads.7 mtk Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behaviour with respect to the alternate signal stack. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ==================== Released: 2006-03-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Blokhin Greg Johnson Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- sem_post.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_close.3 sem_open.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_wait.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_init.3 sem_overview.7 mtk New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API. These pages supercede and provide a superset of the information in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ppoll.2 Aleksandr Blokhin Fix broken link. ptrace.2 mtk Wrapped long lines (no content changes). semctl.2 semget.2 semop.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page. elf.5 Greg Johnson Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent core(5). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ==================== Released: 2006-04-06 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Michael Haardt Roberto Jimenoca Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- getrlimit.2 prctl.2 sigaction.2 elf.5 signal.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page. New pages --------- mkdirat.2 mtk New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16. mknodat.2 mtk New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16. core.5 mtk New page describing core dump files. mkfifoat.3 mtk New page describing mkfifoat(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 getpeername.2 getsockname.2 Michael Haardt / mtk Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0. fcntl.2 mtk Expanded discussion of mandatory locking. getrlimit.2 mtk Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit of zero seconds. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2 mkdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2. mknod.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2. open.2 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK. See Debian bug 360243. openat.2 mtk Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat(). Various other minor changes. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2. shmop.2 mtk Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary. unshare.2 mtk Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits with a consequent EINVAL error. mkfifo.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3. proc.5 mtk Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has been migrated to the new core.5 page. ip.7 Stefan Puiu Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4). sem_overview.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ==================== Released: 2006-04-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Lehovich Andries Brouwer Karel Kulhavy Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- linkat.2 mtk New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 renameat.2 mtk New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 symlinkat.2 mtk New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 unlinkat.2 mtk New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- link.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page. openat.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages. rename.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page. rmdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. symlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page. unlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. termios.3 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags. Karel Kulhavy Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text. Karel Kulhavy / mtk Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux. mtk Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed(). Various formatting changes. full.4 Andre Lehovich Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4). core.5 aeb / mtk Rework text describing circumstances in which core dump files are not produced. mtk / Stefan Puiu A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the PID in the core filename. mtk / Stefan Puiu Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ==================== Released: 2006-05-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joshua Kwan Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Mark Glines Martin (Joey) Schulze Nishanth Aravamudan Reuben Thomas Ryan S. Arnold Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various other pages have been adjusted. epoll.4 fifo.4 futex.4 complex.5 environ.5 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect* 'environ' to be in Section 7.) ipc.5 renamed to svipc.7 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid; eventually these links will be removed. New pages --------- fstatat.2 mtk New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16. adjtime.3 mtk New page for adjtime(3). error.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page describing error() and error_at_line() Fixes Debian bug 186307. error_at_line.3 error_message_count.3 error_on_per_line.3 error_print_progname.3 mtk New links to new error.3. program_invocation_name.3 mtk New page describing program_invocation_name and program_invocation_short_name variables. program_invocation_short_name.3 mtk New link to new program_invocation_name.3. sockatmark.3 mtk New page for sockatmark(3). ftm.7 mtk New page describing feature test macros. time.7 mtk New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems. Global changes -------------- getgroups.2 wait4.2 chown.2 chdir.2 gettimeofday.2 initgroups.3 dirfd.3 mtk Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro. times.2 time.2 gettimeofday.2 getitimer.2 nanosleep.2 ctime.3 rtc.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7. err.3 errno.3 perror.3 strerror.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3. getdate.3 printf.3 scanf.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 Mark Glines Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket type does not support accept()ing connections. adjtimex.2 mtk Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3 page. fsync.2 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for, fsync(2) and fdatasync(2). getitimer.2 mtk Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds. Added text to note that current incorrect behaviour of normalising tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future kernel; applications should be fixed now. gettimeofday.2 Karel Kulhavy Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should normally be NULL. mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. mount.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable on a per-mount basis. Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT. nanosleep.2 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. recv.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3. rmdir.2 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Correct wording of EBUSY case. mtk Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error select.2 Karel Kulhavy Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL. mtk / Karel Kulhavy Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select(). mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. semget.2 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores in a new set are indeterminate. shmget.2 mtk Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero values. sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for. stat.2 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most /proc files. mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. syscall.2 Justin Pryzby / mtk Remove bogus BUGS text. utime.2 mtk Various minor changes. confstr.3 mtk Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion. Updated CONFORMING TO. Removed BUGS. ctanh.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Fix errors in DESCRIPTION. ctime.3 mtk The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61). fmemopen.3 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an fmemopen() stream. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3. See Debian bug 364772. strtod.3 strtoul.3 mtk Describe correct handling of errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3). strtol.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Add an example program. mtk Describe correct handling or errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. tmpfile.3 Reuben Thomas DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name" just "temporary file", since the name is in any case unavailable to the user. See Debian bug 363518. mtk In DESCRIPTION: Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/ to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/ since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination. ip.7 Karel Kulhavy / mtk Various wording improvements and clarifications. signal.7 mtk / Ulrich Drepper Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide, shared by all threads. mtk Add text on changing signal dispositions. Add text on "signal mask and pending signals". Other minor edits. time.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3. ld.so.8 Justin Pryzby Remove bogus duplicate line. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ==================== Released: 2006-05-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Johannes Weiner Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Paul Brook Pavel Heimlich Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- faccessat.2 mtk New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchmodat.2 mtk New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchownat.2 mtk New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16. futimesat.2 mtk New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page. capget.2 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. chmod.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page. chown.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page. mmap.2 mtk Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory in proc.5. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages. shmget.2 mtk Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15. truncate.2 Paul Brook / mtk Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if asked to extend a file beyond its current length. Add EPERM error. utime.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. fopen.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Document 'm' (mmap) flag. Debian bug 365754. mtk Document 'c' (notcancel) flag. futimes.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. qsort.3 Johannes Weiner Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE. mtk Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE. termios.3 Karel Kulhavy Clarify meaning of IXANY. Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME. mtk Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented on Linux. Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and "XSI". capabilities.7 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_NICE. Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_ADMIN. Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages(). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ==================== Released: 2006-05-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Justin Pryzby Martin Osvald" Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- ftm.7 renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7 mtk / Stefan Puiu New pages --------- mq_getsetattr.2 mtk New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3). CPU_ISSET.3 CPU_CLR.3 CPU_SET.3 CPU_ZERO.3 mtk New links to sched_setaffinity.2 FD_CLR.3 FD_ISSET.3 FD_SET.3 FD_ZERO.3 mtk New links to select.2. mq_setattr.3 mtk New link to mq_getattr.3. mq_timedreceive.3 mtk New link to mq_receive.3. mq_timedsend.3 mtk New link to mq_send.3. rpmatch.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page for rpmatch(3). sigandset.3 sigisemptyset.3 sigorset.3 mtk New links to sigsetops.3. strchrnul.3 mtk New link to strchr.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chmod.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. POSIX does now document ELOOP. open.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. mmap.2 Justin Pryzby Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO. See Debian bug 367401. msync.2 Justin Pryzby Note that EINVAL can also be caused by flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section. select.2 mtk Various minor changes. select_tut.2 mtk Removed much material that is redundant with select.2. Various other changes. umask.2 mtk Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'. fts.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to ftw.3. ftw.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to fts.3. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Various minor clarifications. mkstemp.3 mtk Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag. mq_open.3 Martin Osvald Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'. mq_notify.3 Martin Osvald s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/ setlocale.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3. stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3 See Debian bug 367667. strchr.3 Justin Pryzby Add description of strchrnul(). undocumented.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and therefore don't need to be documented. See Debian bug 367671. unlocked_stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3 See Debian bug 367667. mq_overview.7 mtk Added section describing relationship between library interfaces and system calls. Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2. feature_test_macros.7 Stefan Puiu Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/