==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ==================== Released: 2004-12-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alberto Bertogli Anand Kumria Andrey Kiselev Andries Brouwer Chris Green Branden Robinson Emmanuel Colbus Enrico Zini Eric Estievenart Fabian Kreutz Florian Weimer Jan Kuznik Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Berg John V. Belmonte Karel Kulhavy Luis Javier Merino Morán Martin Pool Richard Kreckel Vasya Pupkin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Fabian Kreutz Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion from Fabian Kreutz. Various pages Fabian Kreutz / aeb Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and Andries Brouwer. Various pages mtk For consistency, all instances of "super-user" were changed to the more common "superuser". Various pages Vasya Pupkin / mtk After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added to the SYNOPSIS of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros. In addition: -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed on various pages. -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed to "unsigned int", etc. -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed. The affected pages are: getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 Florian Weimer Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762. fcntl.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL. mtk/aeb Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb. See also: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2 getrlimit.2 mtk Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page. Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel 2.6.9 changes. Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING. Also made a few other minor changes. getrusage.2 mtk This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting getrlimit.2. Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. kill.2 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing when signals can be sent to init(1). mlock.2 munlock.2 mlockall.2 munlockall.2 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page. In the process, much duplication was eliminated and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9, mmap.2 mtk Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits. Eric Estievenart Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings msgctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. msgget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. msgop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. open.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8) mtk Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically personality.2 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze semctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Rewrote semun text. Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. semget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialize semaphore values. semop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Updated shmid_ds structure definitions. Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags. Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK since kernel 2.6.9. Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8) shmget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment of segments marked for destruction. sigaction.2 mtk Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP. Added SA_NOCLDWAIT. Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags. Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9. Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19). Other minor changes. signal.2 mtk Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer to sigaction.2. sigwaitinfo.2 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout" as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145 stat.2 Enrico Zini Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to st_mode field. as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698 swapon.2 After Debian bug report from Anand Kumria Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error. mtk Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area"). Added EBUSY error for swapon(). A few formatting fixes. times.2 mtk In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no longer time since boot, but rather: boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. Some formatting fixes. undocumented.2 After bug report from Johannes Berg Changed .TH UNIMPLEMENTED to: .TH UNDOCUMENTED as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741 wait.2 mtk Added waitid(2). Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10). Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP. Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behavior. Much other text rewritten. wait4.2 mtk Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information, and replacing with pointers to wait.2. Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD" waitid.2 mtk New link to wait.2 assert.3 After bug report from Branden Robinson The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814 ctime.3 mtk Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day of the preceding month. getnameinfo.3 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero value indicating the error. mtk added EAI_OVERFLOW error killpg.3 mtk Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO. lseek64.3 aeb New page by Andries Brouwer tzset.3 Richard Kreckel Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ. http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601 printf.3 After bug report from Jan Kuznik http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example realpath.3 mtk Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL. random.4 After bug report from John V. Belmonte Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c) as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779 proc.5 mtk Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid. rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list boot.7 applied patch from Martin Schulze capabilities.7 mtk Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER netdevice.7 Karel Kulhavy and AEB Formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a few wording fixes. signal.7 mtk /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING in kernel 2.6.8. tcp.7 mtk/aeb Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ==================== Released: 2004-12-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Carsten Hey Johannes Berg Joshua Kwan Marek Habersack Martin Schulze Matthew Dempsky Matthew Gregan Pedro Zorzenon Neto Tony Crawford Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- accept.2 close.2 send.2 setsid.2 socket.2 closedir.3 initgroups.3 mkstemp.3 opendir.3 readdir.3 telldir.3 Matthew Dempsky, mtk triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in these pages. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sendfile.2 mtk Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to 2.6 reality. Wording and formatting changes. ctan.3 ctanh.3 Tony Crawford As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S. errno.3 Martin Schulze, mtk Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes on historical need for this declaration. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175 aio_return.3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)". posix_openpt.3 mtk New by mtk ptsname.3 mtk Added description of ptsname_r(). Added ERRORS. ptsname_r.3 mtk New link to ptsname.3. shm_open.3 Matthew Gregan add to synopsis as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243 strcasecmp.3 Marek Habersack .SH "CONFORMING TO" -BSD 4.4 +BSD 4.4, SUSv3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443 strfry.3 Joshua Kwan Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538 strftime.3 Cartsen Hey as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60. SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said. (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 -- e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.) The glibc manual currently says 0..60. Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the manual page to also say this: -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61). +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.) sysconf.3 Johannes Berg See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV system.3 Pedro Zorzenon as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros from for wait(2). mtk Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX). Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behavior of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if 'command' is NULL. Other wording and formatting clean-ups. undocumented.3 Remove some functions names that *are* documented. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ==================== Released: 2005-04-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Branden Robinson Colin Watson David Lloyd Gordon Jin Heikki Orsila Jamie Lokier Johan Walles Kai Makisara Marko Kohtala Martin Pool Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Lang Michael Haardt Michael Mühlebach Mike Frysinger Sasa Stevanovic Serguei Leontiev Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- ctime.3 tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 Martin (Joey) Schulze Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent newctime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Noted the PID caching behavior of NPTL's getpid() wrapper under BUGS. Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2), tkill(2) under SEE ALSO. epoll_ctl.2 epoll_create.2 Marko Kohtala / mtk Improved various error descriptions. epoll_wait.2 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala Added EINTR to errors. fcntl.2 Jamie Lokier / mtk Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to multi-threaded programs. Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN. Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are now in POSIX. link.2 mtk Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath is a symbolic link. See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html Michael Haardt / mtk Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. mincore.2 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin Updated ERRORS. pipe.2 As per message from Serguei Leontiev Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional. (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and sockets on the latter.) posix_fadvise.2 mtk Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6. rename.2 Michael Haardt Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. semop.2 mtk Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop(). setitimer.2 Matthias Lang, mtk Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling. Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values. sigqueue.2 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO. times.2 mtk Added notes on non-standard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable. uselib.2 Andries Brouwer Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between EACCES and ENOEXEC. bcopy.3 Heikki Orsila bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not, so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned. getmntent_r.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze New link to man3/getmntent.3. memcpy.3 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic. strcasestr.3 mtk Created as link to strstr.3. strftime.3 mtk Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier. strstr.3 mtk Added description of strcasestr(). random.4 aeb Improved description of read from /dev/urandom. st.4 Kai Makisara Substantial updates. man.7 Martin Schulze Branden Robinson Colin Watson Mention the .URL macro more verbosely. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ==================== Released: 2005-06-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Nicolai Justin Pryzby Klaus Ethgen Pavel Heimlich Ross Boylan Vincent Fourmond Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- console.4 console_ioctl.4 mouse.4 tty.4 vcs.4 Pavel Heimlich Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)'. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD. Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED. Other minor fixes. execve.2 aeb Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program. fcntl.2 Johannes Nicolai / mtk Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4 and earlier. Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner. flock.2 mtk Noted that lock conversions are not atomic. getrusage.2 mtk ru_nswap has never contained useful information. Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also: http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html kill.2 mtk Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case. mount.2 mtk Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary. Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for each thread in a thread group. shmctl.2 mtk Noted aberrant Linux behavior with respect to new attaches to a segment that has already been marked for deletion. Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK. wait.2 mtk Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid(). confstr.3 mtk Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION. hosts.5 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze various changes as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242 proc.5 mtk Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields. Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat. capabilities.7 mtk 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g regex.7 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do not seem to be in the glibc implementation. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666 tzselect.8 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo. (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ==================== Released: 2005-06-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Baurjan Ismagulov Dave Love Dieter Brueggemann Geoff Clare Guido Trotter kabloom Kevin Ryde Justin Pryzby Mike Furr Olivier Croquette Olivier Guilyardi Peter Cordes Philipp Spitzer Tanaka Akira Thierry Excoffier Thomas Hood Vincent Lefevre Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk For consistency across pages: 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pthreads.7 mtk An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk Various minor changes. epoll_ctl.2 Mike Furr BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL 'event', even though this argument is ignored. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517 flock.2 mtk / Kevin Ryde Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks and open file entries and file descriptors. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121 getitimer.2 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy). getrlimit.2 mtk RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later". getrusage.2 Geoff Clare Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used. nice.2 mtk / Guido Trotter Rewrote description of return value. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183 open.2 Walter Harms O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE. mtk O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6. Various minor fixes. atexit.3 mtk Various minor changes. exit.3 mtk Various minor changes. getopt.3 mtk / Philipp Spitzer Fix description of return value. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359 hsearch.3 mtk Changed (char *) to (void *) in example. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607 log1p.3 Justin Pryzby Make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3), as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578 makecontext.3 Tanaka Akira Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext(), as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800 on_exit.3 mtk Various minor changes. rand.3 kabloom Small fix to a code example, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842 realpath.3 mtk / Thomas Hood When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath() will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes. Plus other minor changes. See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424 rcmd.3 Dave Love The required header file for these functions on Linux is , as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680 scanf.3 Olivier Guilyardi Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109 stdin.3 Vincent Lefevre freopen() can change the descriptors associated with stdin/stdout/stderr, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859 strerror.3 Baurjan Ismagulov strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880 sysconf.3 Peter Cordes / mtk Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV". proc.5 mtk Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7. ip.7 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically. tcp.7 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg. mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ==================== Released: 2005-06-27 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A Costa Andries Brouwer Bas Zoetekouw Dan Jacobson Delian Krustev Dora Anna Volgyesi Martin (Joey) Schulze Ove Kaaven Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to A Costa.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". close.2 mtk Clarified what type of lock close() affects. Minor formatting changes. dup.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags". Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate. Minor formatting fixes. fcntl.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags". Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2 with a cross ref to dup.2 Minor wording and formatting fixes. fpclassify.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02 to differentiate positive and negative infinity. See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765 getgid.2 getuid.2 Delian Krustev Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852 getitimer.2 mtk The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12. getpriority.2 mtk Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19. Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems. open.2 mtk / aeb Clarification of term "open file description" along with explanation of what information it maintains. Other wording improvements. Various minor wording changes. atexit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on shared library unload. Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on abnormal termination. Formatting fixes. exit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Minor rewording and formatting changes. getloadavg.3 mtk Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype. log2.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Add ERANGE error. readdir.3 mtk Added definition of Linux dirent structure. Some formatting cleanups. strtod.3 Dora Anna Volgyesi / mtk strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668 tdestroy.3 mtk New link to tsearch.3. tsearch.3 mtk Added tdestroy to .TH line. mem.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem". null.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero". vcs.4 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515 signal.7 Ove Kaaven SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369 urn.7 mtk New link to uri.7 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ==================== Released: 2005-07-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Bhavesh P Davda Clau Weber Dov Murik David Lloyd Frederik Deweerdt Justin Pryzby Lars Wirzenius Martin Pool Mike Frysinger Petter Reinholdtsen Steven Murdoch Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected. New pages --------- canonicalize_file_name.3 Walter Harms / mtk Removed Pages ------------- sstk.2 mtk AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other than be a stub) on any Unix. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. bind.2 mtk Minor formatting changes clone.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes connect.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. epoll_create.2 Bhavesh P Davda s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor] getrlimit.2 mtk Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit. RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30. (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.) s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/ listen.2 mtk Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling. Minor wording and formatting changes. semop.2 mtk Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken up when the value does actually reach zero. http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2 socket.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements umask.2 mtk Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation mask" clearer. Various, mostly small, wording changes errno.3 Martin Pool Change description for ESTALE As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344 fgetgrent.3 getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 David Lloyd Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3) See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336 getgrent.3 getgrnam.3 getpwent.3 getpwnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages. getnameinfo.3 mtk Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror(). getnetent.3 Petter Reinholdtsen s/endservent/endnetent/ As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316517 getspnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk, Claus Weber Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc. hsearch.3 Frederik Deweerdt Fix hsearch_r() prototype scanf.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Fix description of RETURN VALUE As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=317037 mtk various parts substantially rewritten; added description of %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation). shm_open.3 mtk Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new object are set. Various minor wording and formatting cleanups. elf.5 Mike Frysinger tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF' add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine fix indenting to be consistent tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros document the Elf_Dyn structure proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/stat. Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files. ip.7 Steven Murdoch Change protocol in UDP prototype. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635 tcp.7 Dov Murik The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense). It has been removed. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ==================== Released: 2005-07-19 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages. Various pages mtk Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID" (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID", saved group ID", etc.) Various pages mtk Global fixes in textual descriptions: uid --> UID gid --> GID pid --> PID id --> ID Various pages mtk Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime. Various pages mtk Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- setresuid.2 mtk Some rewording. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev. mtk Various wording and formatting improvements. truncate.2 mtk Some formatting fixes ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ==================== Released: 2005-09-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Alain PORTAL Andrew Pimlott Andries Brouwer Baurzhan Ismagulov Bernhard R. Link Bodo Stroesser David N. Welton Dov Murik Heikki Orsila Hasso Tepper Hrvoje Niksic Justin Pryzby Ludovic Courtes Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Norbert Buchmuller Paul Brook Ramiro Aceves Tommy Pettersson Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn" (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn"). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- du.1 Mike Frysinger To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human", not "HUMAN". time.1 Mike Frysinger s/standard output/standard error/ clone.2 Paul Brook / mtk Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID connect.2 Heikki Orsila Add EINTR error See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254 getpriority.2 mtk Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel representations of the nice value. Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error. Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority(). getrlimit.2 mtk Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO Added description of RLIMIT_NICE mmap.2 mtk Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7. mremap.2 mtk Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype. Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE. Rewrote description of EAGAIN error. Added discussion of resizing of memory locks. Added entries to SEE ALSO. Some formatting fixes. msgctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions. nanosleep.2 Baurzhan Ismagulov Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=314435 nice.2 mtk Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described in getpriority.2. Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on RLIMIT_NICE. outb.2 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk Clarified the order of value and port arguments; As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263756 pause.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2 Some formatting fixes. poll.2 Tommy Pettersson nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=322934 mtk Some wording and formatting improvements. prctl.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2. rand.3 Hrvoje Niksic / mtk Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function. As per debian bug 328629 readv.2 mtk / Walter harms Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when vector size exceeds IOV_MAX. Formatting clean-ups. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downwards. sched_setparam.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and resource limits. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO. semctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions. shmctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions. sigaction.2 mtk Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out into separate new pages. Other minor changes mtk NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in all kernels up to and including 2.6.13. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2 List: linux-kernel Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong From: Bodo Stroesser Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06 signal.2 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2 sigpending.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Changed CONFORMING TO. sigprocmask.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument. Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL, and SIGSEGV. Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process. Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic. Changed CONFORMING TO. sigsuspend.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added NOTES on usage. Added new text to DESCRIPTION. Changed CONFORMING TO. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve st_blocks description. carg.3 Ramiro Aceves / aeb Change: One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z)) to: One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=326720 cmsg.3 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) dlopen.3 Alain Portal s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/ getaddrinfo.3 mtk Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior is all that SUSv3 requires). 1,$s/PF_/AF_/g Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED, and AI_NUMERICSERV. Some wording and formatting fixes. getpwnam.3 Bernhard R. Link / mtk Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME. inet.3 Mike Frysinger Mention "little endian" and "big endian". Added note about octal and hex interpretation of numbers-and-dots notation. rpc.3 mtk / Ludovic Courtes Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently have such a page in the man-pages set. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=325115 setenv.3 mtk glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug. strnlen.3 Mike Frysinger Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype. initrd.4 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing the root device is obsolete, in favor of pivot root. (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually describe the pivot_root method...) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323621 proc.5 mtk Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files. Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13). Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13). More needs to be said about this file. Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted in part of the text of this page being duplicated. utmp.5 Mike Frysinger Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv. capabilities.7 mtk Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE. ip.7 mtk / Andrew Pimlott Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number. Reformat long source lines (no text changed). s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) Hasso Tepper Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL. signal.7 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2. socket.7 mtk Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED. tcp.7 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) udp.7 mtk Added description of UDP_CORK socket option. s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ==================== Released: 2005-10-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Peter Chubb Samuel Thibault Tomas Pospisek Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- ptsname.3 getpt.3 unlockpt.3 openpty.3 posix_openpt.3 grantpt.3 pts.4 tty_ioctl.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pty.7 mtk Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 mtk Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). fcntl.2 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a file descriptor that is opened read-only. See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"): http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2 mprotect.2 mtk Add new text to ENOMEM error. mremap.2 mtk Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument under NOTES. Revised text of EINVAL error. read.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT mtk Added open(2) to SEE ALSO. shmget.2 mtk s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). write.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT atanh.3 mtk Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). fopen.3 mtk Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). getrpcent.3 mtk s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). stdio.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are BSDisms that don't appear in glibc. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174 strftime.3 mtk Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). nsswitch.conf.5 mtk s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). proc.5 mtk Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout. socket.7 mtk Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT. (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ==================== Released: 2005-10-19 Global changes -------------- The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to the following rules: -- Function name references should *always* be followed by parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section number). -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be formatted. Thus, for example, instead of: .B name() one should write: .BR name () Much of the change was automated using two scripts: add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh. For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'. NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL: -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.) -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules: some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided to help find remaining instances of function names without following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh. The following changes were made: -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections 2 and 3. -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7 (the only sections where such changes were required). -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand. (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ==================== Released: 2005-10-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain PORTAL Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has been removed where it occurred. Many minor formatting fixes were made. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getrlimit.2 mtk Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit(). path_resolution.2 mtk Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion. prctl.2 mtk Removed text saying there is no library interface. There is nowadays. mkfifo.3 mtk Minor change to RETURN VALUE text. sk98lin.4 Alain Portal Formatting fixes. capabilities.7 mtk Minor changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ==================== Released: 2005-10-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson herbert Martin Landers Michael Benedict Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mlock.2 mtk Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used. path_resolution.2 mtk / aeb Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well" since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while the effective UID is not. Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of it into capabilities.7 setresuid.2 mtk Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file system GID. shmget.2 mtk Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB. sigaltstack.2 mtk / Martin Landers Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel. byteorder.3 Brian M. Carlson / herbert Change to in prototype; add text explaining that some systems need the former header. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=265244 capabilities.7 mtk Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities. Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities". Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ==================== Released: 2005-11-03 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes. Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Function and page cross references that were italicized were made bold (which is how the majority of function and page cross references were already done). Various pages mtk Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to "null-terminated string". Various pages mtk Pathnames, structures, arguments, and that were bold were changed to italics. Various pages mtk Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already formatted.) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ==================== Released: 2005-11-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Angelo Avery Pennarun Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Stefan Brüns Volker Reichelt Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- rexec.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution. (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are the same.) See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336875 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- arch_prctl.2 mtk Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc. execve.2 mtk Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum of the bytes in both environment and argument list. fcntl.2 mtk Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases, noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption by signal handler, or termination by signal in lease breaker. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037 stat.2 mtk / Stefan Brüns Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps. frexp.3 Volker Reichelt / mtk Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example program to demonstrate this. open.2 mtk / Avery Pennarun Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037 putenv.3 mtk Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is what manual pages on many implementations also say). posix_memalign.3 mtk Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in . In fact, many declare it in . strtok.3 mtk Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out that the existing page was deficient. sd.4 Martin Schulze Remove SEE ALSO for nonexistent scsi.4. proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max. signal.7 mtk Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO. ld.so.8 mtk Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ==================== Released: 2005-11-30 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer James Vega Malcolm Scott Senthil Kumar Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- sigvec.3 -- for details, see below. sigset.3 -- for details, see below. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- kill.2 mtk Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred when sending signals to a process group. sigaction.2 mtk Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux. sigpending.2 mtk Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed in glibc versions <= 2.2.1. sigpause.2 mtk Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below. sigsetops.3 mtk Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(), sigandset(), and sigorset(). sigvec.2 sigblock.2 mtk These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API. siggetmask.2 sigmask.2 sigsetmask.2 mtk These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3: sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3. sigvec.3 mtk This new page is provides a fuller description of the BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2 and sigblock.2. sigblock.3 siggetmask.3 sigmask.3 sigsetmask.3 mtk Created as links to sigvec.3. sigpause.3 mtk Moved here from Section 2. Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of X/Open flavor of this function. sigset.3 mtk New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(), sigrelse(), sigignore(). strftime.3 James Vega Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in glibc2. mtk Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width' components of conversion specifiers. Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3. Added an example program. vm86old.2 mtk / aeb Add as new link to vm86.2. intro.7 mtk Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section 7 pages provide overviews of various topics. signal.7 mtk Added some SEE ALSO entries. socket.7 Senthil Kumar / mtk Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT. udp.7 Malcolm Scott s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=340927 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ==================== Released: 2005-12-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Stern Andries Brouwer Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP Urs Thuermann Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package. poll.2 mtk Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other implementations. shmop.2 Alan Stern The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)". strftime.3 aeb Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment in page). ip.7 Urs Thuermann Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/ packet.7 Urs Thuermann Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET% ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ==================== Released: 2005-12-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Michael Haardt Urs Thuermann Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- fmemopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page. pipe.7 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by Michael Haardt) New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages. fork.2 mtk Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2. pipe.2 mtk Added an example program. Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. wait.2 mtk Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid(). carg.3 Justin Pryzby Delete line that should have been deleted when applying 2.08 fix for this page. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically. inet.3 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required to expose declaration of inet_aton(). open_memstream.3 mtk New link to new fmemopen.3. fifo.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. environ.5 mtk Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common. socket.7 Urs Thuermann Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP. tcp.7 mtk Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK. udp.7 mtk Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ==================== Released: 2005-12-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Karsten Sperling Martin (Joey) Schulze Mike Frysinger Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Added mention of AF_INET6 address family. Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the Unix domain. recv.2 mtk Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. send.2 mtk Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK in udp(7). Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. err.3 mtk Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are non-standard BSDisms. errno.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 gethostbyname.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references to resolv+(8). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308397 perror.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3 . http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 resolver.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to resolv.conf(5). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214892 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5); see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=251122 strerror.3 mtk / Stefan Puiu Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavors of strerror_r(), and added some additional information on strerror(). Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 elf.5 Mike Frysinger Fix three typos in identifier names. operator.7 Karsten Sperling The + operator should be in the list of unary operators. raw.7 mtk Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere. Reformatted some long lines. socket.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Reformatted some long lines. Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. udp.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. unix.7 mtk Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE. Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for Unix domain sockets. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ==================== Released: 2005-12-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Walter Harms Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Minor changes. bind.2 Stefan Puiu / mtk Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future: see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behavior has been unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change. Add EADDRINUSE to errors. send.2 aeb Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO. fopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open). pipe.7 mtk / aeb Some wording changes to description of pipes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ==================== Released: 2006-01-03 Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sigaltstack.2 mtk Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which sigaltstack() is employed. getloadavg.3 mtk Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2. strcpy.3 mtk s/nulls/null bytes/ capabilities.7 mtk Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11. arp.7 icmp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 netdevice.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 socket.7 tcp.7 unix.7 udp.7 mtk The only changes to these pages have been for formatting: -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70 character lines. No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ==================== Released: 2006-01-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Falk Hueffner Mike Frysinger Senthil Kumar Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- dd.1 cp.1 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5 charsets.7 unix.7 mtk Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character). To rectify this the following changes were made in the above pages: Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'. Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'. Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'. Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'. Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'. Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'. Various pages mtk Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 mtk Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged capset() with 'pid' field == getpid(). epoll_ctl.2 mtk Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2. gethostname.2 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's gethostname() wrapper function. mmap.2 mtk / Mike Frysinger Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3). mtk A few other small rewordings. mmap64.3 Mike Frysinger New link to mmap.2. open.2 mtk Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT. dlopen.3 mtk Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument; added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE, and RTLD_DEEPBIND. Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is automatically called when a library is unloaded. fmemopen.3 mtk Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL. fseeko.3 Mike Frysinger Add RETURN VALUE section. getopt.3 mtk Noted historical use of to declare getopt(). qsort.3 mtk / Falk Hueffner Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar' function by providing an example. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348072 proc.5 mtk Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15. Documented /proc/PID/task. Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task} are not available if the main thread has terminated. Senthil Kumar Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under /proc/sys/kernel/random. udp.7 Stefan Puiu / mtk Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT (add cross-ref to socket(7)). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ==================== Released: 2006-02-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andre Noll Andries Brouwer Colin Tuckley Stefan Puiu Thomas Hood Thorsten Kukuk Walter Harms Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mmap.2 aeb / mtk Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS. Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS. rt_sigreturn.2 Thorsten Kukuk New link to sigreturn.2. rt_sigsuspend.2 mtk New link to sigsuspend.2. waitid.2 mtk Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on most other implementations. getopt.3 Walter harms / mtk Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL. openpty.3 Thomas Hood / mtk In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys. qsort.3 mtk Small rewording under EXAMPLES. strtol.3 strtoul.3 Stefan Puiu s/string must begin/string may begin/ proc.5 mtk Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify: max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ==================== Released: 2006-02-10 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Britton Leo Kerin Dan Jacobson Justin Pryzby Luc Van Oostenryck Kurt Wall Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Andree Robert Love Samuel Thibault Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- inotify_init.2 inotify_add_watch.2 inotify_rm_watch.2 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk. New pages describing the inotify API. mbind.2 get_mempolicy.2 set_mempolicy.2 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API. Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa. rtc.4 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk New page describing the real-time clock driver. inotify.7 mtk Overview of the inotify API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Andi Kleen On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall, but directly through "int $0x80". fcntl.2 mtk Small wording changes. Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify. kill.2 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin Small wording change under NOTES to clarify what happens when a process sends a signal to itself. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350236 mlock.2 mtk / Matthias Andree Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and RLIMIT_MEMLOCK. See the following LKML thread: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK" msgop.2 mtk / Samuel Thibault Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350884 Various other wording fixes. open.2 mtk Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and "file status flags". read.2 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO for pread(2). As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351873 sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Major rewrite. select.2 mtk Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(), FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET(). Other minor wording changes. read.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2). (Analogous with read.2 change above.) errno.3 Kurt Wall / mtk Add Linux specific errors to this page. localeconv.3 mtk Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn. Other minor wording changes. Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831 scanf.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Minor formatting & wording fixes. setlocale.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831 proc.5 mtk Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page. ascii.7 Dan Jacobson / mtk Add text describing characters 001 to 037. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=342173 locale.7 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ==================== Released: 2006-02-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joerg Habenicht Luc Van Oostenryck Mike Frysinger Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- get_kernel_syms.2 create_module.2 delete_module.2 init_module.2 query_module.2 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck) man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6. Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of clean-ups and minor additions. Global changes -------------- various pages mtk Change "file name" to "filename" Change "path name" to "pathname" stpncpy.3 strstr.3 strcmp.3 toupper.3 strlen.3 stpcpy.3 puts.3 strdup.3 strtok.3 isalpha.3 strspn.3 gets.3 strpbrk.3 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351996 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text. Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag. Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified. fcntl.2 mtk Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files. inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Minor wording fix. msgop.2 mtk Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv(). fnmatch.3 Mike Frysinger / mtk Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME. lockf.3 Joerg Habenicht / mtk Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ==================== Released: 2006-03-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: James Peach Krzysztof Benedyczak Marten von Gagern Michael Haardt Michael Wronksi Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_open.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 mtk New pages describing POSIX message queue API. posix_fallocate.3 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach New page describing posix_fallocate(). mq_overview.7 mtk New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- lseek.2 Michael Haardt Add a case to the EINVAL error text. mtk Various minor wording fixes Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype. Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. proc.5 mtk Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page. inotify.7 Marten von Gagern Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ==================== Released: 2006-03-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Christoph Lameter Hasso Tepper Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Nicolas François Paul Brook Siward de Groot Steve Beattie Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- clone.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)). Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- openat.2 mtk New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16, and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls. mbind.2 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions, from numactl-0.9.2 man page. Plus a few other smaller fixes. fexecve.3 mtk New page describing fexecve(3). futimes.3 mtk New page describing futimes(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. intro.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall. msgctl.2 msgget.2 msgop.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7. open.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2. Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate NOTES section. Modified wording referring to raw(8) to indicate that this interface is deprecated. poll.2 mtk Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16. ppoll.2 mtk New link to poll.2. recvmsg.2 sendmsg.2 mtk / Paul Brook Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=356502 and the associated glibc bug report. http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448 mtk Various formatting fixes. select.2 mtk Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes. pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600". tempnam.3 Justin Pryzby Clean up description of EEXIST error. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=357893 unlink.2 mtk Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM. utime.2 mtk Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page. exec.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. shm_unlink.3 mtk New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page was originally written). swab.3 Walter Harms Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE". undocumented.3 mtk Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented. capabilities.7 mtk Various changes to bring this page closer to current kernel versions. inotify.7 mtk Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support for inotify. mq_overview.7 mtk Some rewording and added a few words about System V message queues. netlink.7 Hasso Tepper Substantial updates to various parts of this page. mtk, Alain Portal Minor fixes pthreads.7 mtk Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16. raw.7 Hasso Tepper Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL prevent datagrams from being fragmented. socket.7 mtk Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options, new in 2.6.14. Placed socket options in alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ==================== Released: 2006-03-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Charles P. Wright Christoph Lameter Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Daniel Jacobowitz Ingo Molnar Heiko Carstens Janak Desai Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- man7/* mtk Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- unshare.2 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 fork.2 vfork.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2. mbind.2 Christoph Lameter MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE. mremap.2 mtk Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed by glibc since version 2.4. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz, Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright; after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens. Document the following ptrace requests: PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6) plus associated flags: PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6) PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60) PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46) PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14) PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14) sched_get_priority_max.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_setparam.2 mtk, Ingo Molnar Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16. Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2, and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy. Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes. proc.5 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16. mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14. Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14. capabilities.7 mtk Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL). pthreads.7 mtk Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behavior with respect to the alternate signal stack. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ==================== Released: 2006-03-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Blokhin Greg Johnson Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- sem_post.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_close.3 sem_open.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_wait.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_init.3 sem_overview.7 mtk New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API. These pages supersede and provide a superset of the information in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ppoll.2 Aleksandr Blokhin Fix broken link. ptrace.2 mtk Wrapped long lines (no content changes). semctl.2 semget.2 semop.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page. elf.5 Greg Johnson Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent core(5). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ==================== Released: 2006-04-06 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Michael Haardt Roberto Jimenoca Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- getrlimit.2 prctl.2 sigaction.2 elf.5 signal.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page. New pages --------- mkdirat.2 mtk New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16. mknodat.2 mtk New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16. core.5 mtk New page describing core dump files. mkfifoat.3 mtk New page describing mkfifoat(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 getpeername.2 getsockname.2 Michael Haardt / mtk Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0. fcntl.2 mtk Expanded discussion of mandatory locking. getrlimit.2 mtk Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit of zero seconds. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2 mkdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2. mknod.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2. open.2 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=360243 openat.2 mtk Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat(). Various other minor changes. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2. shmop.2 mtk Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary. unshare.2 mtk Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits with a consequent EINVAL error. mkfifo.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3. proc.5 mtk Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has been migrated to the new core.5 page. ip.7 Stefan Puiu Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4). sem_overview.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ==================== Released: 2006-04-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Lehovich Andries Brouwer Karel Kulhavy Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- linkat.2 mtk New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 renameat.2 mtk New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 symlinkat.2 mtk New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 unlinkat.2 mtk New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- link.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page. openat.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages. rename.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page. rmdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. symlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page. unlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. termios.3 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags. Karel Kulhavy Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text. Karel Kulhavy / mtk Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux. mtk Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed(). Various formatting changes. full.4 Andre Lehovich Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4). core.5 aeb / mtk Rework text describing circumstances in which core dump files are not produced. mtk / Stefan Puiu A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the PID in the core filename. mtk / Stefan Puiu Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ==================== Released: 2006-05-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joshua Kwan Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Mark Glines Martin (Joey) Schulze Nishanth Aravamudan Reuben Thomas Ryan S. Arnold Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various other pages have been adjusted. epoll.4 fifo.4 futex.4 complex.5 environ.5 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect* 'environ' to be in Section 7.) ipc.5 renamed to svipc.7 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid; eventually these links will be removed. New pages --------- fstatat.2 mtk New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16. adjtime.3 mtk New page for adjtime(3). error.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page describing error() and error_at_line() Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=186307 program_invocation_name.3 mtk New page describing program_invocation_name and program_invocation_short_name variables. sockatmark.3 mtk New page for sockatmark(3). ftm.7 mtk New page describing feature test macros. time.7 mtk New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems. Global changes -------------- getgroups.2 wait4.2 chown.2 chdir.2 gettimeofday.2 initgroups.3 dirfd.3 mtk Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro. times.2 time.2 gettimeofday.2 getitimer.2 nanosleep.2 ctime.3 rtc.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7. err.3 errno.3 perror.3 strerror.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3. getdate.3 printf.3 scanf.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 Mark Glines Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket type does not support accept()ing connections. adjtimex.2 mtk Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3 page. fsync.2 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for, fsync(2) and fdatasync(2). getitimer.2 mtk Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds. Added text to note that current incorrect behavior of normalizing tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future kernel; applications should be fixed now. gettimeofday.2 Karel Kulhavy Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should normally be NULL. mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. mount.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable on a per-mount basis. Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT. nanosleep.2 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. program_invocation_short_name.3 mtk New link to new program_invocation_name.3. recv.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3. rmdir.2 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Correct wording of EBUSY case. mtk Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error select.2 Karel Kulhavy Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL. mtk / Karel Kulhavy Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select(). mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. semget.2 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores in a new set are indeterminate. shmget.2 mtk Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero values. sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for. stat.2 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most /proc files. mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. syscall.2 Justin Pryzby / mtk Remove bogus BUGS text. utime.2 mtk Various minor changes. confstr.3 mtk Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion. Updated CONFORMING TO. Removed BUGS. ctanh.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Fix errors in DESCRIPTION. ctime.3 mtk The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61). error_at_line.3 error_message_count.3 error_on_per_line.3 error_print_progname.3 mtk New links to new error.3. fmemopen.3 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an fmemopen() stream. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=364772 strtod.3 strtoul.3 mtk Describe correct handling of errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3). strtol.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Add an example program. mtk Describe correct handling or errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. tmpfile.3 Reuben Thomas DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name" just "temporary file", since the name is in any case unavailable to the user. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=363518 mtk In DESCRIPTION: Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/ to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/ since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination. ip.7 Karel Kulhavy / mtk Various wording improvements and clarifications. signal.7 mtk / Ulrich Drepper Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide, shared by all threads. mtk Add text on changing signal dispositions. Add text on "signal mask and pending signals". Other minor edits. time.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3. ld.so.8 Justin Pryzby Remove bogus duplicate line. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ==================== Released: 2006-05-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Johannes Weiner Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Paul Brook Pavel Heimlich Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- faccessat.2 mtk New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchmodat.2 mtk New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchownat.2 mtk New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16. futimesat.2 mtk New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page. capget.2 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. chmod.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page. chown.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page. mmap.2 mtk Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory in proc.5. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages. shmget.2 mtk Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15. truncate.2 Paul Brook / mtk Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if asked to extend a file beyond its current length. Add EPERM error. utime.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. fopen.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Document 'm' (mmap) flag. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=365754 mtk Document 'c' (notcancel) flag. futimes.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. qsort.3 Johannes Weiner Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE. mtk Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE. termios.3 Karel Kulhavy Clarify meaning of IXANY. Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME. mtk Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented on Linux. Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and "XSI". capabilities.7 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_NICE. Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_ADMIN. Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages(). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ==================== Released: 2006-05-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Justin Pryzby Martin Osvald" Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- ftm.7 mtk / Stefan Puiu renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7 New pages --------- mq_getsetattr.2 mtk New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3). rpmatch.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page for rpmatch(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chmod.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. POSIX does now document ELOOP. open.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. mmap.2 Justin Pryzby Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367401 msync.2 Justin Pryzby Note that EINVAL can also be caused by flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section. select.2 mtk Various minor changes. select_tut.2 mtk Removed much material that is redundant with select.2. Various other changes. umask.2 mtk Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'. CPU_ISSET.3 CPU_CLR.3 CPU_SET.3 CPU_ZERO.3 mtk New links to sched_setaffinity.2 FD_CLR.3 FD_ISSET.3 FD_SET.3 FD_ZERO.3 mtk New links to select.2. fts.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to ftw.3. ftw.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to fts.3. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Various minor clarifications. mkstemp.3 mtk Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag. mq_open.3 Martin Osvald Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'. mq_notify.3 Martin Osvald s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/ mq_setattr.3 mtk New link to mq_getattr.3. mq_timedreceive.3 mtk New link to mq_receive.3. mq_timedsend.3 mtk New link to mq_send.3. setlocale.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3. sigandset.3 sigisemptyset.3 sigorset.3 mtk New links to sigsetops.3. stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667 strchr.3 Justin Pryzby Add description of strchrnul(). strchrnul.3 mtk New link to strchr.3. undocumented.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and therefore don't need to be documented. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367671 unlocked_stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667 mq_overview.7 mtk Added section describing relationship between library interfaces and system calls. Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2. feature_test_macros.7 Stefan Puiu Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ==================== Released: 2006-06-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho bert hubert Chris Curtis Eduardo Madeira Fleury Joerg Scheurich Justin Pryzby Kenichi Okuyama Marc Lehmann Martin (Joey) Schulze Mats Wichmann Mike Frysinger Peter Eiserloh Stefan Puiu Thomas Dickey Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 mtk, Joey Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public domain. bindresvport.3 getrpcent.3 getrpcport.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 rpc.5 mtk, aeb, Joey Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and license: .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license) New pages --------- ioprio_set.2 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13. offsetof.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page describing offsetof() macro. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2. acct.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5. fcntl.2 mtk Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY. inotify_add_watch.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 mtk Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'. Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item. mtk The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify file descriptor. mtk Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7. inotify_init.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 inotify_rm_watch.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 mtk The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify file descriptor. ioprio_get.2 mtk New link to new ioprio_set.2. mmap.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2. mount.2 Kenichi Okuyama s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error. mremap.2 Mike Frysinger s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS. pipe.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2. read.2 mtk SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3. readahead.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2. send.2 Peter Eiserloh Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send() and sendto() calls. setsid.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3. shmctl.2 mtk Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION. stat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2. statfs.2 mtk Relocated "Note" about f_fsid. write.2 mtk SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3. __setfpucw.3 mtk, Joey Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with Joerg Scheurich. assert_perror.3 Justin Pryzby Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype difftime.3 Joey Added note about time_t representation on other systems. Added CONFORMING TO. ftw.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk A fairly major revision... Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE"; Reorganized and rewrote much of the page Added an example program. inet.3 Marc Lehmann Fixed typo in NOTES. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=370277 isalpha.3 Joey Updated CONFORMING TO. mktemp.3 mtk Updated CONFORMING TO. printf.3 Walter Harms Add documentation of %m. readdir.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3. re_comp.3 mtk Note that these functions are obsolete in favor of regcomp(3). Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3 scandir.3 Mats Wichmann Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort(). strchr.3 Stefan Puiu Fix prototype for strchrnul(). strtoul.3 Stefan Puiu Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with minus sign. tmpnam.3 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL). mtk Clarify discussion of use of free(3). Various other minor changes to text and formatting. tmpfile.3 mtk Updated CONFORMING TO. tmpnam.3 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL). Updated CONFORMING TO. undocumented.3 mtk Remove offsetof(), which is now documented. null.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4. console_codes.4 Thomas Dickey Various improvements and corrections. epoll.7 mtk Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and Solaris /dev/poll. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added pointer to location of LFS specification. futex.7 mtk, after suggestion by Joey. Added license statement to page, after discussion with original author, bert hubert. mtk Reformat long lines; no content changes. inotify.7 mtk 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'. A few minor rewordings. Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs. ip.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3. man.7 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7). http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369253 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ==================== Released: 2006-07-06 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andrew Morton Bauke Jan Douma Davide Libenzi Denis Barbier Horacio Rodriguez Montero Johan Lithander Justin Pryzby Mike Frysinger Stefan Puiu Thorsten Kukuk Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- sync_file_range.2 Andrew Morton / mtk New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- adjtime.3 mtk Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761 bind.2 Stefan Puiu Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error. Stefan Puiu / mtk Make example code more complete. epoll_ctl.2 mtk / Davide Libenzi Added EPOLLRDHUP description. mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2. poll.2 mtk / Davide Libenzi Added POLLRDHUP description. mtk The correct header file is , not . Rewrote and reformatted various other parts. readlink.2 mtk Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in POSIX.1-2001. wavelan.4 mtk Added license statement. nscd.conf.5 Thorsten Kukuk Add documentation for various new fields. passwd.5 Horacio Rodriguez Montero Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field. mtk The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star". tcp.7 Johan Lithander Update RFC reference for ECN. Andi Kleen Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ==================== Released: 2006-07-11 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Jens Axboe Justin Pryzby Kyle McMartin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- MAINTAINING mtk How to maintain man-pages. TODO mtk Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day. scripts/FIXME_list.sh mtk This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers, displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fdatasync.2 fsync.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2. sendfile.2 mtk / Jens Axboe Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case where 'offset' is NULL. ferror.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3. intro.3 mtk Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't reflect current reality, and probably never has. Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2. tcp.7 Kyle McMartin Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ==================== Released: 2006-08-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Dean Gaudet Frank van Viegen Helmut Grohne Ivana Varekova Thomas Huriaux Ville Skyttä Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Thomas Huriaux / mtk Various formatting problems found as a result of reviewing the following command were fixed. for a in $(wc man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 ' | grep -v total); do echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null; done 2>&1 | less See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378544 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- readlinkat.2 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova) New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 Ville Skyttä Document "-u" option. chdir.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory. chroot.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory. epoll_ctl.2 Frank van Viegen / mtk Fix description of EBADF error. exevce.2 mtk Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to saved set-IDs during execve(). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379297 getitimer.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval timers. getrlimit.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits. getpriority.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve(). inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Some rewording; included text describing required file permissions. intro.2 mtk Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO. makecontext.3 Helmut Grohne / mtk Point out that args following 'argc' are int. mtk Added an example program. Various minor wording fixes. mmap.2 mtk Expand description of MAP_POPULATE. mtk, after prompting by Dean Gaudet Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK. mtk Various minor formatting fixes. openat.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2. nanosleep.2 mtk Noted buggy behavior in Linux 2.4 and earlier when nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals. nice.2 mtk Very minor rewording. readlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve(). setpgid.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID. setsid.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID. umask.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask. atexit.3 mtk Noted inheritance of registrations across fork(). capabilities.7 mtk Added material on privileges required for move_pages(). CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN. keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require CAP_SYS_ADMIN. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ==================== Released: 2006-08-03 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Most pages mtk There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections in most manual pages. * generally try to rationalize the names used for standards. The preferred names are now documented as the head words of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is probably no need to talk about anything more than C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4. (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.) * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other systems. This information exists only patchily in the manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain, and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was). * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages. intro.1 intro.2 intro.3 intro.4 intro.5 intro.7 feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7. Various pages mtk Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX". Various pages mtk Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX" Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- standards.7 mtk Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to include discussion of many additional standards. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error. intro.2 mtk Removed information on standards to new standards.7. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ==================== Released: 2006-08-05 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references in various pages that were missed for 2.38. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chdir.2 mtk _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype. standards.7 mtk Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ==================== Released: 2006-09-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Christoph Hellwig Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Samuel Thibault Toralf Förster Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal) Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various minor rewordings. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words. execve.2 mtk Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec(). fork.2 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ in parent and child. linkat.2 mtk Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18). set_mempolicy.2 mtk / Andi Kleen Memory policy is preserved across execve(). write.2 mtk / Alain Portal SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3. (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34) getcwd.3 Samuel Thibault / mtk Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and get_current_dir(). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=381692 proc.5 Chuck Ebbert Document /proc/PID/auxv. capabilities.7 Alain Portal Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39. regex.7 mtk / Alain Portal Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2". ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ==================== Released: 2006-10-12 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Andrew Morton Britton Leo Kerin Dan Jacobson Guillem Jover Hrvoje Niksic Jens Axboe Justin Pryzby Kevin Ryde Marcel Holtmann Senthil Kumar Stefan Puiu Stuart MacDonald Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- splice.2 tee.2 vmsplice.2 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk See also: http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/ http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/ http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/ http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 Stefan Puiu Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared. execve.2 mtk The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve(). fork.2 mtk Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited by child. getdtablesize.2 mtk Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable applications. getpagesize.2 mtk Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable applications. _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems. madvise.2 mtk Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16. Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16. mount.2 mtk / Trond Myklebust MNT_FORCE can cause data loss. mmap.2 mtk Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of length==0. Justin Pryzby / mtk Added some EINVAL errors. mremap.2 mtk Remove superfluous "#include " from SYNOPSIS. msync.2 mtk Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to a locked region. posix_fadvise.2 Andrew Morton Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op. prctl.2 Marcel Holtmann / mtk Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer possible. Guillem Jover Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced. Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME, PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU, PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC. Michael Kerrisk Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS. sync_file_range.2 mtk Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17. vfork.2 mtk Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs. wait4.2 mtk Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS. clog2.3 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde Fix broken text in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214 clog10.3 Kevin Ryde Fix broken text in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214 mq_receive.3 Britton Leo Kerin Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t". See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=387551 qsort.2 Hrvoje Niksic Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar' function. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=391402 sendfile.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page. termios.3 mtk Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4). tzset.3 mtk Added some TZ examples. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386087 proc.5 mtk Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm. ip.7 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP. pthreads.7 mtk Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL. socket.7 Senthil Kumar Place socket options in alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ==================== Released: 2006-11-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrew Morton Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Doug Goldstein Eduard Bloch Evan Teran Pavel Heimlich Petr Baudis Randy Dunlap Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- brk.2 Evan Teran / mtk Add text describing behavior of the Linux brk() system call and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different behavior. mtk Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc that calls the brk() system call. futex.2 mtk FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007. getaddrinfo.3 getnameinfo.3 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name extensions. open.2 mtk / Eduard Bloch Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test macros. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE. syslog.3 Doug Goldstein Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS. wcwidth.3 Petr Baudis Fix CONFORMING TO. core.5 mtk Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6). Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not be produced. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.43 ==================== Released: 2006-11-29 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen David Brownell Eduard Bloch Egmont Koblinger Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ioperm.2 mtk Clarify discussion of privilege requirements. Added ENOMEM to ERRORS. open.2 mtk / Eduard Bloch Clarify description of O_LARGEFILE. crypt.3 Egmont Koblinger Make description of MD5 output string less ambiguous. strerror.3 Reuben Thomas Add C99 to CONFORMING TO; see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400634 rtc.4 David Brownell Update the RTC man page to reflect the new RTC class framework: - Generalize ... it's not just for PC/AT style RTCs, and there may be more than one RTC per system. - Not all RTCs expose the same feature set as PC/AT ones; most of these ioctls will be rejected by some RTCs. - Be explicit about when {A,P}IE_{ON,OFF} calls are needed. - Describe the parameter to the get/set epoch request; correct the description of the get/set frequency parameter. - Document RTC_WKALM_{RD,SET}, which don't need AIE_{ON,OFF} and which support longer alarm periods. - Hey, not all system clock implementations count timer irqs any more now that the new RT-derived clock support is merging. proc.5 mtk s/fseek(3)/lseek(2)/ under /proc/PID/mem entry. feature_test_macros.7 mtk / Eduard Bloch The LFS spec is now at http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html raw.7 udp.7 Andi Kleen Describe the correct default for UDP/RAW path MTU discovery. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.44 ==================== Released: 2007-04-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Majorel Benjamin Gilbert Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Ivana Varekova Jakub Jelinek John Ward Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto Julien Blache Julien Cristau Justin Pryzby Martín Ferrari Mike Frysinger Nick Piggin Nick Pollitt Nicolas François Pádraig Brady Premysl Hruby Reuben Thomas Samuel Thibault Serge E. Hallyn Thomas Huriaux Timo Sirainen Val Henson Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- termio.7 mtk, after a bit of prodding by Reuben Thomas A brief discussion of the old System V termio interface, with pointers to pages that will contain the information that the reader probably wants. scripts/find_repeated_words.sh mtk Find consecutive duplicate words in a man page, some of which may be grammar errors. Global changes -------------- Various pages Justin Pryzby / mtk Add "#define _ATFILE_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS in following pages: faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 unlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 Various pages mtk Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. Various pages mtk, after a suggestion by Reuben Thomas Updated various header pages to accurately reflect which functions are and are not part of C89. Also fixed/improved a few other CONFORMING TO entries. Various pages mtk s/Unices/Unix systems/ on the 5 pages where it appears. Various pages mtk Wrapped long source lines in the following files getsockopt.2 mknodat.2 io_setup.2 select_tut.2 select.2 readlinkat.2 io_cancel.2 syslog.2 wcsncat.3 getipnodebyname.3 cmsg.3 wcpncpy.3 wcsrtombs.3 wcstok.3 fgetwc.3 wmemcmp.3 wcsspn.3 div.3 modf.3 stdio_ext.3 ctermid.3 des_crypt.3 wcsncmp.3 wmemchr.3 wcsstr.3 wmemcpy.3 wprintf.3 wcsnrtombs.3 termios.3 erf.3 ceil.3 lround.3 nextafter.3 wcsncpy.3 wmemset.3 getw.3 console_ioctl.4 sk98lin.4 environ.7 unix.7 time.7 Various pages mtk Added a SEE ALSO reference for feature_test_macros(7) to all pages where a feature test macro appears in the SYNOPSIS. Various pages mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to time.7 alarm.2 nanosleep.2 ualarm.3 usleep.3 Various pages Justin Pryzby / mtk Fixed consecutive duplicate word typos on a number of pages. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François!) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Since 2.6.20, access() honors the MS_NOEXEC mount flag. Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto / mtk Improve ENOENT description. clone.2 mtk Added some detail to the prototype. Added some notes on IA-64's clone2(). epoll_ctl.2 mtk Add text to note that EPOLLRDHUP appeared in kernel 2.6.17. faccessat.2 Justin Pryzby Various fixes as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411177 * s/effective/real/ in description text. * added to synopsis. * various other changes. getrlimit.2 mtk / Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Added a few words to note that RLIMIT_NPROC is really a limit on threads. io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova s%linux/aio.h%libaio.h% in SYNOPSIS. Changed return type from "long" to "int". mbind.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk Fix EINVAL description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411777 mincore.2 Nick Piggin Kernel 2.6.21 fixes several earlier bugs in mincore(). Nick Pollitt Remove words "of a file" -- mincore() is describing memory residence information, not properties of a file. mtk Rewrote various parts to make the page clearer. mmap.2 mtk Rewrote and reorganized various parts to be clearer. Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Removed text stating that mmap() never returns 0; that's not true. mount.2 mtk / Val Henson Document MS_RELATIME, new in Linux 2.6.20. open.2 Andre Majorel / mtk On Linux, the error returned when opening a large file on a 32-bit system is actually EFBIG, not EOVERFLOW. posix_fadvise.2 Pádraig Brady Fix RETURN VALUE description: returns error number of failure. rename.2 mtk / Timo Sirainen Various improvements to DESCRIPTION. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=416012 semop.2 mtk If sops contains multiple operations, then these are performed in array order. All Unix systems that I know of do this, and some Linux applications depend on this behavior. SUSv3 made no explicit statement here, but SUSv4 will explicitly require this behavior. Small rewording of explanation of "atomically". signal.2 Nicolas François Fix incorrect argument name in DESCRIPTION. mtk Small wording improvement. socket.2 Nicolas François Add reference to ipv6.7 page. socketcall.2 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. splice.2 Benjamin Gilbert Fix inconsistent argument names in SYNOPSIS and DESCRIPTION. statvfs.2 mtk Small wording clarification. symlink.2 mtk / Nicolas François Removed cryptic text under CONFORMING to referring to "open(2) and NFS". There is no relevant text in open.2 as far as I (mtk) can see. time.2 mtk / Reuben Thomas Remove sentence "gettimeofday() obsoleting time() on 4.3BSD". This information is old, and probably no longer relevant. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=403888 write.2 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch. Clarified discussion of /count == 0/ case. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert When the parent receives an event with PTRACE_EVENT_* set, the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This means the parent cannot do ptrace(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal or ptrace(PTRACE_KILL). kill() with a SIGKILL signal can be used instead to kill the child process after receiving one of these messages. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Fix glibc version number in description of 'cpusetsize' argument. vfork.2 mtk Stripped some excess/outdated text from the BUGS section. basename.3 mtk / Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto Add text to clarify that the pointer returned by these functions may be into some part of 'path'. dlopen.3 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova + Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Add "#include " to example program. fclose.3 mtk Complete rewrite. The existing page was hard to read, and the RETURN VALUE description seems to be wrong. getopt.3 mtk Added getopt() example program. mtk Add a few words to clarify the operation of the GNU-specific double-colon feature, which allows options to have optional arguments. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=352139 glob.3 Nicolas François Fix PROTOTYPE. inet_network.3 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch. Clarified description of inet_network(). log.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. log10.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. malloc.3 Nicolas François Small rewording to mention calloc(). posix_openpt.3 Martín Ferrari Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400971 Needs _XOPEN_SOURCE == 600; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400975 Julien BLACHE s/ptsname/posix_openpt/ in RETURN VALUE re_comp.3 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Add "#define _REGEX_RE_COMP" to SYNOPSIS. regex.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. termios.3 mtk Added .SS headers to give some structure to this page; and a small amount of reordering. mtk Added a section on canonical and non-canonical mode. mtk Enhanced the discussion of "raw" mode for cfmakeraw(). mtk Document CMSPAR. mtk Make description of PARODD a little clearer. Reuben Thomas Add SEE ALSO link to tty_ioctl.4 mtk Add SEE ALSO link to console_ioctl.4 ualarm.3 mtk Removed BSD prototype from synopsis. Various rewordings. usleep.3 mtk Removed BSD prototype from synopsis. Various rewordings. termcap.5 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova s/curses/ncurses/ under SEE ALSO bootparam.7 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Documented "mem=nopentium". feature_test_macros.7 mtk The default treatment of _POSIX_C_SOURCE changed in glibc 2.4. mtk, after a suggestion by Justin Pryzby Added some text warning that the "__" macros that defines internally should never be directly defined by programs. mtk, based on notes by Jakub Jelinek Document _FORTIFY_SOURCE (See http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html ) mtk Document _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE. mdoc.7 mtk / Nicolas François Remove CONFIGURATION section, since this does not seem to be true for Linux. svipc.7 Nicolas François Fix data types in associated data structures; remove nonexistent semzcnt and semncnt fields. time.7 mtk Since kernel 2.6.20, the software clock can also be 300 HZ. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.45 ==================== Released: 2007-04-05 Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages. With the exception of the few individual changes noted below, no changes were made to content. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_cancel.2 io_submit.2 mtk Clarified RETURN VALUE text bindresvport.3 mtk Rewrote prototype using modern C syntax. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.46 ==================== Released: 2007-04-06 Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages: * Most instances of two or more consecutive blank lines in man page output were shrunk to a single line. * A number of example programs were reformatted to more closely match K&R style. * In various places (mainly code examples), the use of tabs was replaced by spaces With the exception of the few individual changes noted below, no changes were made to content. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bdflush.2 mtk Add header file to SYNOPSIS. sched_rr_get_interval.2 mtk Moved timespec definition from SYNOPSIS into description. select_tut.2 mtk Make SYNOPSIS match select.2. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.47 ==================== Released: 2007-05-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen John Heffner Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new sentences on new lines). There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the notes below). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sched_rr_get_interval.2 mtk Remove crufty statement that this system call is not implemented. The nice interval can be used to control the size of the round-robin quantum. Corrected .TH line. ip.7 John Heffner / mtk Document IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE, which will be in 2.6.22. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.48 ==================== Released: 2007-05-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Colin Watson Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new sentences on new lines). There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the notes below). Various pages mtk In various places where it occurred, s/nonnegative/non-negative/ Various pages mtk s/wide character/wide-character/ when used attributively. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- man.7 Justin Pryzby / Colin Watson / mtk .SH doesn't require quotes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411303 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.49 ==================== Released: 2007-05-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Bruno Haible Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- bsd_signal.3 mtk Documentation of bsd_signal(). euidaccess.3 mtk Manual page for euidaccess() and eaccess(). getsubopt.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Documentation of getsubopt(). sysv_signal.3 mtk Documentation of sysv_signal(). New links --------- epoll_pwait.2 mtk New link to epoll_wait.2. eaccess.3 mtk New link to new euidaccess.3, sem_timedwait.3 mtk New link to sem_wait.3. sem_trywait.3 mtk New link to sem_wait.3. Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page. epoll_wait.2 mtk Added description of epoll_pwait(), new in kernel 2.6.19. execve.2 mtk Add text noting that Linux allows 'argv' and 'envp' to be NULL, but warning that this is non-standard and non-portable, and should be avoided in portable programs. Bug filed (http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408) to get this changed, but maybe that won't be done because it is an ABI change. mtk Added an example program. mtk Expanded the discussion of interpreter scripts and the 'optional-arg' argument of an interpreter script. For further info, see http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/ mtk Added text noting that FD_CLOEXEC causes record locks to be released. mtk Mention effect of MS_NOSUID mount(2) flag for set-user-ID programs. mtk Expanded description of handling of file descriptors during execve(), adding text to note that descriptors 0, 1, and 2 may be treated specially. faccessat.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page. mmap.2 mtk Place MAP_* flags list in alphabetical order. readv.2 mtk A fairly substantial rewrite, which among other things fixes the problem reported by Kyle Sluder in http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8399 And added some example code. sigaction.2 mtk Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe functions in signal(7). A few other minor formatting and wording changes. signal.2 mtk Moved the discussion of async-signal-safe functions to signal(7). Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe functions in signal(7). Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and sysv_signal.3 pages. copysign.3 Bruno Haible Clarify discussion of negative zero. getopt.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO ref to new getsubopt.3. iconv_open.3 Bruno Haible Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT and //IGNORE extensions for 'tocode'. iswblank.3 Bruno Haible Update CONFORMING TO; iswblank() is in POSIX.1-2001. inotify.7 mtk Definitions for IN_DONT_FOLLOW, IN_MASK_ADD, and IN_ONLYDIR were added to glibc in version 2.5. signal.7 mtk Incorporated (and slightly modified) the text on async-signal-safe functions that was formerly in signal(2). Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and sysv_signal.3 pages. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.50 ==================== Released: 2007-05-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Halter Laird Shaw Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Removed pages (!) ----------------- Most Section 1 man pages are removed mtk (with help from Mike Frysinger, Laird Shaw, Andreas Halter) Once upon time Andries added a number of Section 1 manual pages to man-pages. However, since that time, those pages have not seen much maintenance, and are not in fact distributed in most distributions. Instead most distributions supply the coreutils versions of these pages, which are currently maintained. In addition, man-pages provides the 1p pages, which document the portable subset of functionality of these commands. Since the man1 pages are mostly unneeded, and out of date, I'm removing them. The following pages disappear: chgrp.1 chmod.1 chown.1 cp.1 dd.1 df.1 diff.1 dir.1 dircolors.1 du.1 install.1 ln.1 ls.1 mkdir.1 mkfifo.1 mknod.1 mv.1 rm.1 rmdir.1 touch.1 vdir.1 The following Section 1 pages will be kept: intro.1 ldd.1 time.1 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.51 ==================== Released: 2007-05-28 Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk (Hopefully) all cross references outside a page now include a section number. This should permit better resulting output from a man2html-type conversion. Various pages mtk Convert function formatting of the form "\fBname\fP()" to ".BR name ()". Changes to individual pages --------------------------- futimesat.2 mtk s/futimes/futimesat/ in .SH NAME line. msgop.2 mtk Put "msgrcv" and "msgsnd" in .SH NAME line. mount.2 mtk Add "umount2" to .SH NAME line. wait.2 mtk Add "waitid" to .SH NAME line. getopt.3 mtk Add "getopt_long" and "getopt_long_only" in .SH NAME line. sem_wait.3 mtk Add "sem_timedwait" and "sem_trywait" to .SH NAME line. stdarg.3 mtk Add "va_start", "va_arg", "va_end", "va_copy" to .SH NAME line. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.52 ==================== Released: 2007-05-29 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines" Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!" Global changes -------------- Most of the changes below are about bringing greater consistency to manual pages, including reducing the wide range of .SH Section headings. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Make 'manual' component of .TH line into the string "Linux Programmer's Manual". Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Changed date in .TH line into form YYYY-DD-MM. Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Some .SH header lines were made into .SS lines. (One of the aims here is to reduce the number of non-standard .SH lines.) Various pages mtk Change title .SH sections named "NOTE" to "NOTES", in some cases also changing the location of the section within the page. Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Commented out .SH AUTHOR sections; the right place for documentation authorship sections is usually comments at the top of the page source. Various pages mtk Changed .SH HISTORY to .SH VERSIONS. Reason: in many cases, HISTORY was being used to describe Linux/glibc version information, as was already done for VERSIONS sections in other pages. Various pages mtk Removed HISTORY section, or moved it as a subsection or paragraphs under another section e.g., NOTES. Reason: there are too many arbitrary section (.SH) names, and a HISTORY section never was consistently used across Linux manual pages. Various pages mtk Moved SEE ALSO section to be last section on the page Reason: consistency -- and this is where SEE ALSO should be! Various pages mtk Relocated GLIBC NOTES as subsection under NOTES Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Various pages mtk Relocated LINUX NOTES as subsection under NOTES Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Various pages mtk Renamed some "AVAILABILITY" sections to "VERSIONS". Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Renamed some "DIAGNOSTICS" sections to "RETURN VALUE". Reason: consistency. getopt.3 tzselect.8 mtk s/\.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES/.SH ENVIRONMENT/ Reason: consistency. intro.2 select.2 sysctl.2 bsearch.3 dlopen.3 envz_add.3 fmtmsg.3 getgrent_r.3 getgrouplist.3 getpwent_r.3 getutent.3 hsearch.3 rtime.3 strptime.3 tsearch.3 vcs.4 wordexp.3 mtk s/return 0/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ in main() of function example program. Reason: consistency. mprotect.2 select_tut.2 dlopen.3 getgrent_r.3 getopt.3 getpwent_r.3 hsearch.3 select_tut.2 tsearch.3 mtk Use symbolic constants (EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE) in calls to exit(). Reason: consistency. access.2 chown.2 lseek.2 open.2 read.2 utmp.5 mtk Renamed RESTRICTIONS section to NOTES, or moved text in a RESTRICTIONS section under existing NOTES section. Reason: consistency, and reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 mtk s/\.SH FURTHER INFORMATION/.SH NOTES/ dup.2 mtk s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/ kill.2 mtk Renamed LINUX HISTORY section to LINUX NOTES, and relocated within page. select_tut.2 mtk Relocated example program and made its .SH title "EXAMPLE". sigaltstack.2 mtk Move code example into its own EXAMPLE section. sigreturn.2 mtk s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/ setuid.2 mtk s/\.SH "LINUX-SPECIFIC REMARKS"/.SH LINUX NOTES/ shmget.2 mtk Remove section about effect of fork()/exec()/exit(); shmop.2 contains the same text, and it only needs to be said once. shmop.2 mtk Minor rewording under DESCRIPTION. daemon.3 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. encrypt.3 mtk Removed statement that glibc unconditionally exposes declarations of encrypt() and setkey(), since portable applications must use and define _XOPEN_SOURCE to obtain the declarations of setkey() and encrypt(). Adjusted example program accordingly. mkstemp.3 mtk Slight rewording. LDP.7 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. man.7 mtk Substantial rewrite, revising and extending the discussion about desired conventions for writing pages. There will be further updates to this page in the next few man-pages releases. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.53 ==================== Released: 2007-05-30 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines" Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!" Global changes -------------- Many many pages mtk Reordered sections to be more consistent, in some cases renaming sections or shifting paragraphs between sections. man7/* mtk In various pages in this section, .SH headings were converted to .SS. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.54 ==================== Released: 2007-06-07 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Emmanuel Mogenet Michael Berg Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Where there is an instruction in the SYNOPSIS about linking or compiling with a certain option, the option is now marked up in italics (e.g., "\fI-lm\fP"). Various pages mtk Added page numbers to page cross references. A few pages mtk s/manpage/man page/, for consistency. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- man-pages.7 mtk A description of the conventions that should be followed when writing pages for the man-pages package. Removed pages ------------- man1/README mtk Already deleted most of the man1 pages previously, so this doesn't need to stay. LDP.7 mtk Removed this page since it is out of date, and the proper place to go for up-to-date information is http://www.tldp.org/ ksoftirq.9 mtk Reason: this was the only Section 9 page, and it is old (Linux 2.4). The man9 section never took off as an idea, and I see little point in keeping a Section 9 with just a single old page. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Moved some material out of here into new man-pages.7. alloc_hugepages.2 mtk Minor rewrites, eliminating some duplication, and removing some outdated text. epoll_pwait.2 Michael Berg Fix broken link path; http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=425570 fcntl.2 mtk Remove misleading text about setting O_ASYNC when calling open(); one must use fcntl() F_SETFL for this task. fdatasync.2 mtk Converted outdated BUGS note about fdatasync() being equivalent to fsync() on Linux 2.2 into a NOTES note about this historical behavior. futex.2 mtk Small rewording to fix "fails with the error EWOULDBLOCK" rather than "returns EWOULDBLOCK". See Red Hat bug 172828. mprotect.2 mtk, after an observation by Emmanuel Mogenet A much improved example program. mtk Significant rewrites and additions to description. mremap.2 mtk Remove text about the nonexistent BSD mremap() -- too much information, in my opinion. sched_yield.2 mtk Added ERRORS section. set_mempolicy.2 mtk Moved text for "Versions and Library Support". set_tid_address.2 mtk Small rewording in RETURN VALUE section. sigaction.2 mtk Add EXAMPLE section with a pointer to example in mprotect.2. sync_file_range.2 mtk Fix return type in SYNOPSIS. Add RETURN VALUE section. atexit.3 mtk Small rearrangement of text under NOTES. bindresvport.3 mtk Rewrite and substantial additional text. exec.3 mtk Minor clarifications for text on execlp() and execvp(). Removed FILES section, since it provides no useful additional info. fenv.3 mtk Moved link instructions from NOTES to SYNOPSIS. Added feenableexcept, fedisableexcept, fegetexcept to .SH NAME list. fputwc.3 mtk Added 'putwc' to .SH NAME list. gethostbyname.3 mtk s/int/socklen_t/ for type of gethostbyaddr() 'len' argument, and add a few more words in NOTES about the type used here. login.3 mtk Removed remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil; add text on that point to SYNOPSIS. openpty.3 mtk Removed redundant remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil since there is text on that point under SYNOPSIS. sysconf.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to getconf(1). unlocked_stdio.3 mtk Revised .SH NAME section. ascii.7 mtk Minor rearrangement of order of text. capabilities.7 mtk s/exec()/execve(2)/ in various places. complex.7 mtk Changed "atan(1)" to "atan(1.0)" to prevent some versions of man2html(1) from mistaking that string as a page cross reference. rtnetlink.7 mtk Small restructuring to avoid 'cannot adjust line' from man(1). ldconfig.8 mtk Removed now very out-of-date sentence about need to link shared libraries with -lc. man.7 mtk Various text was moved out of this page into the new man-pages.7. mdoc.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new man-pages.7. mdoc.samples.7 mtk A few changes, hopefully done right, to eliminate some errors to stderr when rendering with man(1). rtnetlink.7 mtk Shorten a line in table so it fits in 80 columns. Minor rewording under BUGS. tzselect.8 mtk Moved EXIT STATUS section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.55 ==================== Released: 2007-06-10 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alexander Taboriskiy Joey Hess John Reiser Julien Cristau Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Mike Frysinger Serge van den Boom Ulrich Drepper Xose Vazquez Perez Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- clone.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 ioprio_set.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 mq_getsetattr.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 mtk, after a note by Mike Frysinger Updated to reflect the fact that the _syscallN() macros have gone away, Several pages mtk Change reference to path_resolution.2 to path_resolution.7. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Moved pages ----------- path_resolution.2 has been moved to section 7, thus path_resolution.7 mtk Reason: this is an overview page, not one describing as a specific system call. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- MAINTAINING mtk, after a note from Xose Vazquez Perez Added pointer to Red Hat man-pages bugzilla. mtk Added a release philosophy note on separating out big formatting changes into their own release that contains minimal content changes. accept.2 mtk Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2. arch_prctl.2 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. bind.2 mtk Expand example program, and move it to new EXAMPLE section. Added text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. cacheflush.2 mtk Convert NOTES section to CONFORMING TO and note that this call is Linux-specific. Other minor rewordings. connect.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. create_module.2 mtk Add ENOSYS error. fcntl.2 flock.2 mtk Small rewrite of SEE ALSO text pointing to Documentation/* in kernel source. get_kernel_syms.2 mtk Added ERRORS heading Add ENOSYS error. getdtablesize.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section. getsid.2 mtk Added a RETURN VALUE section. getpid.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section (stating that the calls are always successful). ioctl_list.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference to ioctl.2. listen.2 mtk Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2. query_module.2 Martin (Joey) Schulze Add ENOSYS error. recv.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. sched_get_priority_max.2 sched_rr_get_interval.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_yield.2 mtk Modified .TH line send.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. set_tid_address.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section (stating that the call is always successful). signal.2 mtk, after a note from Alexander Taboriskiy Strengthen warning against the use of signal(). Added siginterrupt(3) to SEE ALSO list. mtk Rewrote various parts; added an ERRORS section. socket.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. stat.2 mtk Added EXAMPLE program. syscall.2 mtk Converted to -man format; some rewrites; added an EXAMPLE. sysctl.2 mtk Improved the example program. getnameinfo.3 mtk Add text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Add example programs. Add getnameinfo() to SEE ALSO list. memmove.3 mtk / Serge van den Boom Clarify discussion of what happens if 'src' and 'dest' overlap. regex.3 Justin Pryzby Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO list. sigpause.3 mtk after a note from Ulrich Drepper Clarify discussion of feature test macros that are needed to expose System V and BSD versions of this function in glibc. undocumented.3 mtk Removed some functions that have been documented. wprintf.2 Martin (Joey) Schulze Remove wscanf.3 from SEE ALSO list, since that page does not exist. utmp.5 Joey Hess Removed outdated note on xdm. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418009 Martin (Joey) Schulze Removed outdated note about Debian and libc5. bootparam.7 Martin (Joey) Schulze Fix order of commands listed under 'init='. hier.7 Joey Hess Add /media, remove /dos. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418234 inotify.7 mtk Added text describing what happens when the buffer given to read(2) is too small to return information about the next event, and noting the behavior change in 2.6.21. man-pages.7 mtk Added text to note that ERRORS list should be in alphabetical order. mdoc.7 mdoc.samples.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO reference to groff_mdoc(7). unix.7 mtk Added EXAMPLE section with pointer to bind.2 EXAMPLE. ld.so.8 mtk Simplify text describing --inhibit-rpath. mtk, after a note by John Reiser Describe use of $ORIGIN in rpath. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.56 ==================== Released: 2007-06-11 Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Removed version numbers in .TH lines. Reason: these were only arbitrarily updated, and so impart no useful information. Version information goes into a VERSIONS section nowadays, and the date in the .TH line should be updated to reflect the date of the last (significant) change to the page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.57 ==================== Released: 2007-06-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Fix section numbers in page cross references. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. Small clarification of description of 'mode'. bind.2 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. exit_group.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. exit.3 mtk Added more detail on exit handlers. Minor wording fixes. ioctl.2 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent mt.4. modify_ldt.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk In Linux 2.6, the 'modify_ldt_ldt_s' structure was renamed 'user_desc'. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378668 mtk Include definition of 'user_desc' structure. Minor rewordings. mprotect.2 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. sigaction.2 mtk Removed reference to nonexistent sigsend(2). a64l.3 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent itoa.3. dysize.3 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent time.3. encrypt.3 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fcrypt.3. fmemopen.3 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. fpurge.3 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fclean.3. getutent.3 mtk s/ttyname(0)/ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)/ in program example. vcs.4 mtk s/exit(1)/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ environ.7 mtk Correct some section numbers in page cross references. man-pages.7 mtk Modify requirements for example programs a little. uri.7 mtk Wrapped long source lines. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.58 ==================== Released: 2007-06-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Marc Boyer Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages, as detailed below mtk Added or updated VERSIONS sections. killpg.2 setuid.2 faccessat.2 fork.2 setfsuid.2 kill.2 getsid.2 wait.2 execve.2 getpid.2 setgid.2 seteuid.2 setresuid.2 setfsgid.2 access.2 initgroups.3 euidaccess.3 tcgetpgrp.3 path_resolution.7 capabilities.7 unix.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO link to new credentials.7. New pages --------- credentials.7 mtk An overview of Linux process identifiers (PIDs, PPIDs, PGIDS, SIDs, UIDs, GIDs). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Added some comments to example program. getxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. listen.2 mtk Updated discussion of somaxconn limit. listxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk VERSIONS: Glibc support has been provided since version 2.2. readahead.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Updated VERSIONS section with text on glibc support. removexattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. semop.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section with info on semtimedop(). setxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. dl_iterate_phdr.3 mtk VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.4. getloadavg.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section. posix_openpt.3 mtk VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.1. printf.3 mtk after a suggestion by Mike Frysinger Add text to the introductory part of DESCRIPTION, about the 'size' argument of snprintf() and vsnprintf(). shm_open.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section; rewrote info about linking with -lrt. strcat.3 Marc Boyer Improve the discussion of strncat(). strcpy.3 Marc Boyer Improve the discussion of strncpy(). proc.5 mtk Added discussion of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.59 ==================== Released: 2007-06-25 Global changes -------------- Manual pages are now standardized on American spelling. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences for more information on the differences. Formerly, different pages (and sometimes even a single page!) employed American and British spelling conventions; best to standardize on one spelling, and American English is the standard in Computer Science. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- man-pages.7 mtk Note that man-pages has now standardized on American spelling conventions. execve.2 getxattr.2 listxattr.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 signal.2 syscall.2 aio_cancel.3 bindresvport.3 stdarg.3 charmap.5 bootparam.7 ipv6.7 man.7 path_resolution.7 uri.7 nscd.8 mtk Corrected minor spelling/wording mistakes (i.e., changes independent of fixes for American spelling). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.60 ==================== Released: 2007-06-25 Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Wrapped lines in some files. Various pages mtk Change "e.g. " to "e.g., ", or in some cases, "for example, ". Various pages mtk Change "i.e. " to i.e., ", or in some cases, "that is, ". Various pages mtk Removed AUTHORS section. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- vfork.2 mtk s/w.r.t/with respect to/ man-pages.7 mtk Strengthened warning against use of AUTHORS section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.61 ==================== Released: 2007-07-01 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Benno Schulenberg Florian Ernst Ivana Varekova Jeff Schroeder Joey (Martin) Schulze Justin Pryzby Loïc Minier Michael Gehring Serge van den Boom Stefan Puiu Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk substitute `\\0' by '\\0'. Various pages mtk s/`/'/ when the thing being quoted is a character. accept.2 bind.2 connect.2 getsockopt.2 listen.2 socket.2 socketpair.2 mtk after a note by Martin (Joey) Schulze Add NOTES paragraph noting that isn't required by POSIX.1-2001 or Linux, but was required on some implementations. accept.2 getsockname.2 recv.2 vm86.2 send.2 getgrouplist.3 memmem.3 nsswitch.conf.5 putenv.3 wprintf.3 mtk Replace form `...' with \fI...\fP where the enclosed string is a pathname, type name, or argument name. A few files mtk s/process' /process's/ gets.3 qsort.3 getaddrinfo.3 rpc.3 ungetwc.3 wcsnrtombs.3 capabilities.7 mtk Add section number to page cross references. time.1 bind.2 pivot_root.2 sysctl.2 mtk Reordered .SH sections. full.4 mouse.4 random.4 sd.4 mtk Made CONFIG/CONFIGURING heading ==> CONFIGURATION time.1 console_codes.4 random.4 sk98lin.4 charmap.5 ftpusers.5 bootparam.7 charsets.7 glob.7 mq_overview.7 unicode.7 uri.7 utf-8.7 mtk Reformatted headings New pages --------- backtrace.3 mtk, with input from Justin Pryzby and Stefan Puiu Documents backtrace(), backtrace_symbols(), and backtrace_symbols_fd(). New links --------- backtrace_symbols.3 backtrace_symbols_fd.3 mtk Links to backtrace.3. __clone.2 Stepan Kasal Link to clone.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile Serge van den Boom Fix setting of 'prefix' macro. eval.1p Benno Schulenberg Fix bad text (concatenated line). chdir.2 mtk Fixed description of EACCES error. Added sentence defining "current working directory". Other minor wording changes. cfree.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. clone.2 mtk s/clone2/__clone2/. fdatasync.2 mtk Minor wording changes. fork.2 Alain Portal Fix small wording error. gethostid.2 Stefan Puiu / mtk Add NOTES on what happens if gethostid() can't open /etc/hostid. idle.2 mtk Made NOTES text into a VERSIONS section, since that's what it really describes. ioperm.2 mtk Minor wording changes. intro.2 mtk Rewrite to reflect the fact that the _syscallN macros are no longer available. io_cancel.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_destroy.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_getevents.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_setup.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_submit.2 Ivana Varekova Fix include in SYNOPSIS. mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. ipc.2 mtk Add semtimedop() to SEE ALSO. Note that some architectures don't have ipc(2); instead real system calls are provided for shmctl(), semctl(), etc. killpg.2 mtk Minor wording changes. listen.2 mtk Added to SYNOPSIS. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Add NOTES para about permissions required to call sched_setscheduler() on other systems. select.2 mtk Noted that 'timeout' can also be changed if select() is interrupted by a signal. setup.2 mtk Remove reference to _syscall0() macro. shmop.2 mtk Changed text for EINVAL error. socketcall.2 mtk Add recvmsg() and sendmsg() to SEE ALSO. Note that some architectures don't have socketcall(2); instead real system calls are provided for socket(), bind(), etc. swapon.2 Ivana Varekova / mtk Update text for EPERM error describing the maximum number of swap files. (From downstream Fedora patch.) write.2 mtk Added details about seekable files and file offset. Noted that write() may write less than 'count' bytes, and gave some examples of why this might occur. Noted what happens if write() is interrupted by a signal. Minor wording changes. __setfpucw.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. confstr.3 mtk Minor rewrites in code example. ctime.3 Justin Pryzby Make SEE ALSO refer to timegm.3 daemon.3 mtk Small wording change. dl_iterate_phdr.3 Michael Gehring Comment was missing closing "*/". dlopen.3 mtk Formatting changes, and minor rewordings. mtk, after a note by Serge van den Boom Add a comment explaining the need for the rather strange cast of the return value of dlsym(). fpclassify.3 mtk Add "isinf" to NAME section. getgrouplist.3 mtk Minor rewording. getline.3 mtk Minor rewording, and note that '*n* is ignored if '*lineptr' is NULL. malloc.3 Ivana Varekova / mtk Update description of MALLOC_CHECK_ to include description for value 3. (From downstream Fedora patch.) netlink.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. openpty.3 mtk Minor changes to SYNOPSIS. program_invocation_name.3 mtk Shortened page title to INVOCATION_NAME. rtnetlink.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. scanf.3 Florian Ernst Fix duplicated word "the". (Really fix http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=412467 !) select_tut.3 mtk Small wording change. setnetgrent.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section. sigpause.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section. strftime.3 Just Pryzby Small wording fix. mtk Note use of "gcc -Wno-format-y2k" to avoid the "`%c' yields only last 2 digits of year in some locales" warning. strstr.3 mtk Add "strcasestr" to NAME section. syslog.3 mtk Small wording change. termios.3 mtk Reformat SYNOPSIS. Added a CONFORMING TO section. timegm.3 mtk Small wording changes. ulimit.3 mtk Remove erroneous text saying that glibc does not provide ; it does. initrd.4 mtk Various reformattings. core.5 mtk Added a sentence noting why core dumps named "core.PID" were useful with LinuxThreads. bootparam.7 mtk Fix capitalization in .SS headings. epoll.7 mtk Language clean ups. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. mq_overview.7 mtk Reformatted headings; minor rewrites. sem_overview.7 mtk Reformatted headings; minor rewrites. socket.7 Loïc Minier Document argument type for SO_REUSEADDR. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=255881 uri.7 mtk Wrap long line in SYNOPSIS. ldconfig.8 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.62 ==================== Released: 2007-07-09 This release consists solely of formatting fixes. There are no changes to content. Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Many many pages mtk Many many formatting fixes. man[013]p/* Stepan Kasal Add section number to .TH line for POSIX pages in man[013]p. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.63 ==================== Released: 2007-07-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Arnd Bergmann Eduardo M. Fleury Ivana Varekova Justin Pryzby Marc Boyer Martin (Joey) Schulze Martin Röhricht Patrick Mansfield Pierre Habouzit Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- gettimeofday.2 madvise.2 msgctl.2 select.2 semctl.2 shmctl.2 syslog.2 stat.2 a64l.3 printf.3 termios.3 xdr.3 sd.4 mtk Minor wording changes. obsolete.2 syscall.2 unimplemented.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO reference to syscalls.2. New pages --------- sgetmask.2 mtk A real man page for sgetmask(2) and ssetmask(2). (This page replaces a previous link of the same name, which linked to signal.2.) spu_create.2 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU spu_create() system call. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) spu_run.2 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU spu_run() system call. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) spufs.7 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU file system. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) Removed Pages ------------- __clone.2 mtk This file was created by accident in 2.61, as a copy of clone.2. (it should have been a link to clone.2.) obsolete.2 mtk Details on this page are covered in syscalls.2 and in respective syscall man pages (stat.2, uname.2). undocumented.2 mtk This page is very out of date, and in any case difficult to maintain. Information about undocumented system calls is maintained in the HOWTOHELP file, and probably in other places soon. killpg.3 mtk This rather incomplete page seems unnecessary since there is a killpg.2. New links --------- chown32.2 fchown32.2 getegid32.2 geteuid32.2 getgid32.2 getgroups32.2 getresgid32.2 getresuid32.2 getuid32.2 lchown32.2 setfsgid32.2 setfsuid32.2 setgid32.2 setgroups32.2 setregid32.2 setresgid32.2 setresuid32.2 setreuid32.2 setuid32.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "32". fcntl64.2 fstat64.2 fstatat64.2 fstatfs64.2 ftruncate64.2 getdents64.2 lstat64.2 pread64.2 pwrite64.2 sendfile64.2 stat64.2 statfs64.2 truncate64.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "64". __clone2.2 clone2.2 mtk Links to clone.2. ugetrlimit.2 mtk Link to getrlimit.2. mq_notify.2 mq_open.2 mq_timedreceive.2 mq_timedsend.2 mq_unlink.2 mtk Added as links to corresponding section 3 pages. fadvise64.2 fadvise64_64.2 mtk Links to posix_fadvise.2. rt_sigaction.2 rt_sigpending.2 rt_sigprocmask.2 rt_sigtimedwait.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "rt_" prefix. rt_sigqueueinfo.2 mtk Link to sigqueue.2. madvise1.2 tuxcall.2 vserver.2 mtk / Ivana Varekova Link to unimplemented.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Fairly substantial rewrites of various parts, and a few additions. chmod.2 mtk Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) needs either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE". chown.2 mtk Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) and lchown(2) need either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE". Added an example program. killpg.2 mtk Note that killpg() is actually a library function on Linux. mmap.2 mtk Added note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes mmap2(). mmap2.2 Ivana Varekova / mtk On most platforms the unit for 'offset' is 4096 bytes, not the system page size. mtk Rewrote NOTES to note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes this system call. mtk Added an EXAMPLE program. oldfstat.2 oldlstat.2 oldstat.2 mtk Changed link to point to stat.2 (instead of obsolete.2). olduname.2 oldolduname.2 mtk Changed link to point to uname.2 (instead of obsolete.2). sched_setaffinity.2 Martin Röhricht Added _GNU_SOURCE to SYNOPSIS. semctl.2 mtk Remove reference discussion of ipc(2), since none of the other System V IPC pages mention ipc(2). semop.2 mtk Add an example code segment. shmctl.2 mtk Add svipc(7) to SEE ALSO list. sigaction.2 mtk Reformatted tables as lists; other minor reformattings and wording changes. sigqueue.2 mtk Added info on rt_sigqueueinfo(2). sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Noted that sigwaitinfo() is a library function implemented on top of sigtimedwait(). ssetmask.2 mtk Make this link point to new sgetmask.2 instead of signal.2. stat.2 mtk Add notes on the different system call interfaces that have appeared over time. syscalls.2 mtk A fairly substantial rewrite of this page, bringing it up to date with the current kernel version, and listing all system calls in tabular form. uname.2 mtk Add notes on the different system call interfaces that have appeared over time. unimplemented.2 mtk Add vserver, madvise1 to NAME line. Removed SEE ALSO reference to obsolete.2. Ivana Varekova Add tuxcall to NAME line. mktemp.3 Patrick Mansfield Fix description of return value. strcat.3 Marc Boyer Minor fix to example program. undocumented.3 mtk Add section numbers to function names; remove some functions since they are documented. proc.5 mtk Update/correct text on /proc/malloc. mtk, after a note by Pierre Habouzit, and a few comments by Justin Pryzby Update description of /proc/PID/stat to match 2.6.21. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417933 inotify.7 mtk IN_DONT_FOLLOW and IN_ONLYDIR are only available from 2.6.15. signal.7 Stepan Kasal / mtk Note SIGRTMIN value depends on glibc. mtk Various rewrites and additions to the text in real-time signals. Add SEE ALSO reference to sgetmask.2. svipc.7 mtk Add ipc(2) to SEE ALSO. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.64 ==================== Released: 2007-07-27 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Koltsoff Andries Brouwer Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- INFINITY.3 _exit.2 a64l.3 abs.3 acct.2 acosh.3 addseverity.3 adjtime.3 asinh.3 atanh.3 atoi.3 brk.2 cbrt.3 cfree.3 chdir.2 chmod.2 chown.2 clearenv.3 clock_getres.3 clone.2 confstr.3 copysign.3 ctermid.3 ctime.3 daemon.3 dirfd.3 div.3 drand48.3 drand48_r.3 dysize.3 ecvt.3 ecvt_r.3 erf.3 euidaccess.3 exp2.3 expm1.3 fdatasync.2 ferror.3 fexecve.3 fgetgrent.3 fgetpwent.3 finite.3 flockfile.3 fopen.3 fpclassify.3 fsync.2 futimes.3 fwide.3 gamma.3 gcvt.3 getcwd.3 getdate.3 getdirentries.3 getdomainname.2 getdtablesize.2 getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 getgrouplist.3 getgroups.2 gethostbyname.3 gethostid.2 gethostname.2 getlogin.3 getmntent.3 getpagesize.2 getpw.3 getpwent.3 getpwent_r.3 getpwnam.3 getsid.2 getspnam.3 gettimeofday.2 getumask.3 getusershell.3 gsignal.3 hypot.3 inet.3 initgroups.3 insque.3 isalpha.3 iswblank.3 j0.3 kill.2 killpg.2 lgamma.3 lockf.3 log1p.3 log2.3 logb.3 longjmp.3 lrint.3 lround.3 madvise.2 mbsnrtowcs.3 memfrob.3 mincore.2 mkdtemp.3 mknod.2 mkstemp.3 mktemp.3 nan.3 nanosleep.2 nextafter.3 nice.2 on_exit.3 perror.3 posix_memalign.3 posix_openpt.3 printf.3 profil.3 psignal.3 putenv.3 putpwent.3 qecvt.3 rand.3 random.3 rcmd.3 readahead.2 readlink.2 realpath.3 remainder.3 remquo.3 rexec.3 rint.3 round.3 rpmatch.3 scalb.3 scandir.3 scanf.3 seekdir.3 select.2 sem_wait.3 semop.2 setbuf.3 setenv.3 seteuid.2 setjmp.3 setnetgrent.3 setpgid.2 setresuid.2 setreuid.2 sigaltstack.2 siginterrupt.3 significand.3 sigqueue.2 sigvec.3 sigwaitinfo.2 sockatmark.3 stat.2 stime.2 strdup.3 strerror.3 strsep.3 strtod.3 strtok.3 strtol.3 strtoul.3 symlink.2 sync.2 syscall.2 syslog.3 tcgetsid.3 telldir.3 tempnam.3 termios.3 tgamma.3 timegm.3 toascii.3 trunc.3 truncate.2 ttyslot.3 tzset.3 ualarm.3 unlocked_stdio.3 unshare.2 usleep.3 vfork.2 vhangup.2 wait.2 wait4.2 wcscasecmp.3 wcsncasecmp.3 wcsnlen.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wcswidth.3 wordexp.3 wprintf.3 mtk Added/updated feature test macro requirements for glibc; see feature_test_macros.7 for details. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mq_notify.2 mq_open.2 mq_timedreceive.2 mq_timedsend.2 mq_unlink.2 mtk Fix broken link setpgid.2 mtk Fairly substantial changes and corrections, including adding coverage of all of the interfaces that get/set PGIDs. syscalls.2 mtk / aeb Various rewordings; clear up some imprecisions. lgamma.3 mtk Added 'signgam' to SYNOPSIS and NAME line. strerror.3 mtk Note that the XPG version is provided since glibc 2.3.4. The page formerly said that the GNU-specific version is provided by default. That certainly isn't true nowadays, since _POSIX_C_SOURCE is set to 200112L by default, so that the XSI-compliant version is supplied by default. man-pages.7 mtk Added note pointing to feature_test_macros.7 for a description of how feature test macro requirements should be specified in manual pages. Various other minor fixes and changes. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added note about how feature test macros are specified in manual pages. Many other corrections, improvements, additions, and details about differences across glibc versions. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.65 ==================== Released: 2007-09-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Koltsoff Andi Kleen Anton Blanchard Ari Entlich Carsten Emde François Diakhate Geoff Clare Jon Burgess Julien Cristau Lee Schermerhorn Mats Wichmann Maxime Bizon Maxime Vaudequin Michael Prokop Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Nicolas George Paul Brook Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Thomas Huriaux Tolga Dalman Ulrich Drepper Vincent Lefevre Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Use 'glibc' consistently to refer to GNU C library. Various pages mtk Order errors under ERRORS alphabetically. Various pages Nicolas François Spelling and formatting fixes, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=439560 intro.2 select.2 fmtmsg.3 getgrent_r.3 envz_add.3 rtime.3 strptime.3 wordexp.3 Maxime Vaudequin Add "#include " (to declare exit(3)) to example program. New pages --------- timeradd.3 mtk Description of timeradd(), timersub(), timerclear(), timerisset(), timercmp() macros for operating on struct timeval. Removed pages ------------- fdatasync.2 mtk Somehow, over time, material on fdatasync(2) crept into fsync.2, and fdatasync also got added to the NAME section of fsync.2. All of the material in fdatasync.2 that was not already in fsync.2 has now been moved there, and the former page has been removed. In place of the content there, is now a link to fsync.2. New links --------- clock_getres.2 clock_gettime.2 clock_settime.2 mtk Link to man3/clock_getres.3. fdatasync.2 mtk Link to fsync.2. fdopendir.3 mtk Link to opendir.3. gethostbyaddr_r.3 Mats Wichmann Link to gethostbyaddr.3. timerclear.3 timercmp.3 timerisset.3 timersub.3 mtk Links to new timeradd.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile Mike Frysinger Make the install target of man-pages respect the standard "DESTDIR" variable as well as check the exit status of the install command so errors aren't ignored. get_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" through out the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis rewrite portions of description for clarification. added all errors currently returned by sys call. removed cautionary note that use of MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR is not supported. This is no longer true. added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list. getitimer.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.22, Linux setitimer() now conforms to POSIX.1, giving an EINVAL error for a non-canonical tv_usec value. gettimeofday.2 mtk Replace discussion of timer* macros with a pointer to new page timeradd.3. ioctl_list.2 Nicolas George Fixed argument type for BLKGETSIZE. mbind.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. rewrite portions of description for clarification. clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files and shared memory regions, including SHM_HUGE regions. defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this means for MPOL_PREFERRED. mention what happens if local/target node contains no free memory. clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy. Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if this happens. added all errors currently returned by sys call. added mmap(2), shmget(2), shmat(2) to SEE ALSO list. mmap.2 mprotect.2 François Diakhate Add text noting that PROT_WRITE may (and on x86 does) imply PROT_READ. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=441387 nfsservctl.2 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix prototype. oldfstat.2 oldlstat.2 oldstat.2 mtk Fix broken link prctl.2 mtk Update arches/kernel versions for PR_SET_UNALAIGN / PR_GET_UNALIGN. readahead.2 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fadvise.2. reboot.2 mtk Place SYNOPSIS comments inside C comments (/* ... */). sched_setaffinity.2 Samuel Thibault Note what thread is affected if 'pid' is specified as 0, or as the value returned by getpid(). sched_setscheduler.2 Carsten Emde Add text on real-time features of mainline Linux kernel. select_tut.2 mtk sync SYNOPSIS with select.2 set_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis rewrite portions of description for clarification. clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files. defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this means for MPOL_PREFERRED. mention what happens if local/target node contains no free memory. clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy. Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if this happens. added all errors currently returned by sys call. added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list. sigaction.2 mtk s/si_sign/si_errno/ in statement about which field is unused. Ari Entlich s/SIGILL/SIGCHLD/ for paragraph describing SIGCHLD. stat.2 mtk Improve text describing underlying system calls. swapon.2 Michael Prokop EINVAL also occurs if target path is on tmpfs or similar. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435885 sync.2 mtk Incorporated material from now deleted fdatasync.2. syscall.2 mtk Small fix in example program. uname.2 mtk Improve text describing underlying system calls. utime.2 Vincent Lefevre / mtk Clarify utimes() behaviour when 'times' is NULL. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=431480 mtk Other minor clarifications of description of utimes(). copysign.3 Vincent Lefevre s/sign/sign bit/ to remove ambiguity in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435415 euidaccess.3 mtk Changed NOTES to VERSIONS. ffsl.3 mtk Add ffsl and ffsll to NAME line. fts.3 mtk Removed statement that fts functions are expected to appear soon in POSIX; it's years old and has not yet come to pass. ftw.3 mtk / Geoff Clare Fixes/improvements for example program. getdate.3 mtk Add getdate_r to NAME section. getaddrinfo.3 mtk / Geoff Clare Fixes/improvements for example program. gethostbyaddr.3 Mats Wichmann Add documentation for gethostbyaddr_r(). Plus a few other small fixes. gethostbyname.3 mtk Add gethostbyname2, gethostbyname2_r, gethostbyname_r, gethostent_r to NAME line. getmntent.3 mtk Fix misnamed function references. getopt.3 Jon Burgess Fix small error in example program. getrpcent.3 mtk Add setrpcent and endrpcent to NAME line. gsignal.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix gsignal() prototype. hsearch.3 mtk Add hcreate_r, hdestroy_r, hsearch_r to NAME line. inet.3 Maxime Bizon Correct definition of "struct in_addr". isatty.3 mtk Minor wording fix. isgreater.3 mtk Add islessequal to NAME line. lgamma.3 Vincent Lefevre Fix CONFORMING TO section. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417592 log1p.3 mtk Add log1pf and log1pl to NAME line. longjmp.3 Paul Brook / mtk After a call to longjmp(), the values of modified, non-volatile variables in the function that called setjmp() are unspecified. makecontext.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix makecontext() prototype. malloc.3 mtk / Tolga Dalman Explain what happens for malloc(0), or calloc() where one of the arguments is 0. mtk Added notes on malloc()'s use of sbrk() and mmap(). mtk Add mmap(2), alloca(3) to SEE ALSO. mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_open.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 mtk Add "Link with -lrt." to SYNOPSIS. opendir.3 Ulrich Drepper; some edits and additional text by mtk Document fdopendir(). readdir.3 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen Document DT_* constants for d_type. Ulrich Drepper / mtk Rework discussion of non-standard structure fields. sem_wait.3 mtk Minor improvements to example program. syslog.3 mtk Add vsyslog to NAME section. termios.3 Nicolas François Fix XCASE feature test macro description. wcsspn.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Add return type to prototype. proc.5 mtk Improve description of num_threads field under /proc/PID/stat. Maxime Vaudequin Fix path error (s%proc/sys%proc/sys/kernel%) in mentions of /proc/sys/ostype, /proc/sys/osrelease and proc/sys/version. Maxime Vaudequin I noticed things to correct and to clarify in subsection "/proc/filesystems" of proc.5: - clarify filesystems listing: not only FS compiled into the kernel, also FS kernel modules currently loaded - add a reference to fs(5) - add an explanation for FS marked with "nodev" - s/mount(1)/mount(8)/, also corrected in section "SEE ALSO" - clarify usage by mount: the current wording may lead to think /proc/filesystems is always used by mount when no FS is specified. So, usage of "may" which IMHO is more appropriate + additional explanations In mount(8) we can see: If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is specified, mount will try to guess the desired type. If mount was compiled with the blkid library, the guessing is done by this library. Otherwise, mount guesses itself by probing the superblock; if that does not turn up anything that looks familiar, mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems, or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems. All of the filesystem types listed there will be tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev" (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems ends in a line with a single * only, mount will read /proc/filesystems afterwards. Samuel Thibault Since linux 2.6.11, /proc/stat has an eighth value for cpu lines: stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating systems when running in a virtualized environment. arp.7 Updated BUGS text referring to jiffies; refer to time.7 instead. credentials.7 mtk Add words to note that file system ID is Linux specific. hier.7 Maxime Vaudequin This is some corrections for hier.7: - missing period for /media and /mnt - /mnt description is not totally correct, it is true for some distributions but in others /mnt is used as a temporary FS mount point, as it is specified by FHS: http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#MNTMOUNTPOINTFORATEMPORARILYMOUNT - s/X-Windows/X-Window/ (3 occurrences) - section "SEE ALSO": s/mount(1)/mount(8)/ man-pages.7 man.7 mdoc.7 mdoc.samples.7 mtk / Nicolas François Nowadays tmac.XXX are called XXX.tmac. pthreads.7 mtk Update text about modern threading implementations (NPTL vs LinuxThreads). socket.7 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen Clarify that SO_SNDTIMEO and SO_RCVTIMEO only have effect for socket I/O calls; not for multiplexing system calls like select() and poll(). time.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference to new timeradd.3. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.66 ==================== Released: 2007-10-01 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Amit K. Arora David Chinner Fredrik Noring Mats Wichmann Maxime Vaudequin Ollie Wild Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- fallocate.2 David Chinner, with some input from Amit Amora and mtk Describes the fallocate() system call, new in 2.6.23. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- close.2 Fredrik Noring Add text cautioning about use of close() in multithreaded programs. execve.2 Ollie Wild / mtk Add text describing limit on total size of argv + envp, and changes that occurred with 2.6.23. mtk Add getopt(3) to SEE ALSO list. open.2 mtk, Acked by Ulrich Drepper Added description of O_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23) + other minor fixes for O_DIRECT. recv.2 mtk Added description of MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23). sysctl.2 mtk Strengthened the warning against using this system call and note that it may disappear in a future kernel version. rpc.3 Mats Wichmann Fix type definition for 'protocol' in prototypes of pmap_set() and pmap_getport(). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.67 ==================== Released: 2007-10-08 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andrew Josey Maxime Vaudequin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- *.1p *.3p mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen and consultation with Andrew Josey. Add a PROLOG section: This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux. *.0p *.1p *.3p mtk Some formatting fixes, mostly to get rid of unwanted spaces before "," in formatted output. * */* mtk Change all occurrences of my email address in man-pages source to my new gmail address. Many many pages Maxime Vaudequin I noticed useless use of macros with alternating formatting (".IR" instead ".I" which suffices, ".BR" instead ".B", etc.) because there is only one element. For example in ldconfig.8: -.BR /sbin/ldconfig +.B /sbin/ldconfig This is not very important, it only makes the sources more tidy. To find these I used: egrep '^\.(B[RI]|R[IB]|I[RB]) ([^ ]+|\"[^\"]\+\")$' And if you want to make these changes, you can use: sed 's/^\(\.[BRI]\)[BRI]\( \([^ ]\+\|\"[^\"]\+\"\)\)$/\1\2/g' ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.68 ==================== Released: 2007-11-19 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A. Costa Andrew McDonald Geoff Clare Heikki Orsila Hyokyong Kim Ivana Varekova Justin Pryzby Maxime Vaudequin Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Pádraig Brady Sam Varshavchik Timo Juhani Lindfors Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 mtk, after http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445436 by Timo Juhani Lindfors Added to SYNOPSIS. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- _syscall.2 mtk Created as a new page, by taking the content specific to the _syscall() macros from intro(2). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- README mtk Brought up to date. man-pages-*-Announce mtk Brought the info in here up to date. intro.1 mtk Added intro paragraph about section, plus a paragraph about exit status values. Move "user intro" text to NOTES. get_mempolicy.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically intro.2 mtk Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics. Moved _syscallN() material to new _syscall(2) page. mbind.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically mmap.2 Maxime Vaudequin Fix syntax error in example program. prctl.2 mtk Linux 2.6.22 added support on Alpha for PR_SET_UNALIGN. ptrace.2 Nicolas François / mtk s/PTRACE_POKEUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSER/ s/PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_PEEKUSER/ read.2 mtk / Geoff Clare Add text describing timerfd EINVAL error for read(2). set_mempolicy.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically syscall.2 mtk Added _syscall(2) and intro(2) to SEE ALSO section. syscalls.2 mtk Added fallocate(2); removed timerfd(2). sysinfo.2 mtk Removed reference to example in intro(2). dlopen.3 mtk Added "Link with -ldl." to SYNOPSIS. getaddrinfo.3 Ulrich Drepper / mtk Remove references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3. gethostbyname.3 mtk / Ulrich Drepper Remove SEE ALSO references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3. Pádraig Brady / mtk / Ulrich Drepper Point out that the functions described on this page are made obsolete by getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3). getipnodebyname.3 mtk Clarify that glibc does not implement these functions. glob.3 Ulrich Drepper / mtk Fix description of GLOB_ONLYDIR. mtk Added description of GLOB_TILDE_NOMATCH. Expanded the description of various flags. Various wording fixes.. intro.3 mtk Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics. posix_fallocate.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to fallocate.2. rpc.3 Sam Varshavchik Add some arg declarations to prototypes; fix typos. setbuf.3 Mike Frysinger Fix text in BUGS section. sigset.3 mtk The sigset() bugs were fixed in glibc 2.5. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1951 intro.4 mtk Minor rewrites. st.4 Maxime Vaudequin Various small corrections, formattings and modifications. elf.5 Mike Frysinger Document: - new p_flag: PT_GNU_STACK - new sections: .gnu.version .gnu.version_d .gnu.version_r .note.GNU-stack - new structures: ElfN_Verdef ElfN_Verdaux ElfN_Verneed ElfN_Vernaux intro.5 mtk Minor rewrites. proc.5 Ivana Varekova / mtk Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled. Maxime Vaudequin Update description of /proc/pci. Maxime Vaudequin Give italic formatting to file names in proc.5. mtk The display type of the /proc/PID/stat fields changed %lu to %u in Linux 2.6.22: flags rt_priority policy slabinfo.5 Ivana Varekova / mtk Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled. intro.6 mtk Minor rewrites. bootparam.7 Maxime Vaudequin Update references to files in kernel "Documentation" directory. intro.7 mtk Minor rewrites. ipv6.7 Andrew McDonald Fix description of IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT option. standards.7 mtk Note online location of C99 standard. intro.8 mtk Some rewrites, plus new paragraph on exit status values. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.69 ==================== Released: 2007-12-03 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adam Borowski Alain Portal Andries E. Brouwer J. Bruce Fields David Härdeman Jeremy Kerr Luke Browning Mats Wichmann Maxime Vaudequin Mike Frysinger Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- *.[013]p mtk Many whitespace clean-ups in formatted output. mprotect.2 bind.2 mq_notify.3 makecontext.3 fmemopen.3 David Härdeman / mtk Rename error handling function in example program (s/die/handle_error/). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Removed pages ------------- HOWTOHELP MAINTAINING mtk The content of these files is now available in HTML format. New links --------- cfsetspeed.3 mtk Link to termios.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- time.1 Alain Portal Added "Linux User's Manual" to .TH line. _syscall.2 aeb / mtk Remove outdated text about pointer blocks for syscalls that have more than 5 arguments. fcntl.2 J. Bruce Fields Add warning that mandatory locking is unreliable. J. Bruce Fields Clarify details in description of file leases. J. Bruce Fields / mtk Minor wording edits. J. Bruce Fields Add F_GETLEASE under RETURN VALUE. mmap.2 mtk Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro. sched_setscheduler.2 Mats Wichmann Add BUGS text noting that the return value from Linux sched_setschuler() does not conform to POSIX. spu_create.2 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. Luke Browning Refinement of text describing a "gang". mtk Minor edits. spu_run.2 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. mtk Minor edits. err.3 mtk Remove HISTORY section. fopen.3 Mike Frysinger Document 'e' (close-on-exec) option, new in glibc 2.7. getloadavg.3 Alain Portal / mtk Remove HISTORY section. printf.3 Andries E. Brouwer / mtk Fix the discussion of stdarg macros in the description of vprintf() description. sem_wait.3 mtk Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro. sigsetops.3 Mats Wichmann Note that sigset_t objects must be initialized with sigemptyset() or sigfillset() before the other macros are employed. termios.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Added cfsetspeed() to SYNOPSIS. Added text under CONFORMING TO noting that cfsetspeed() is BSD specific. ttyslot.3 Alain Portal Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.) initrd.4 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Move "Configuration" section to top of page (like other section 4 pages) and make it a .SH section. full.4 mtk Re-ordered CONFIGURATION section to go before DESCRIPTION. sk98lin.4 Maxime Vaudequin Fix reference to kernel Documentation file. elf.5 mtk Renamed HISTORY section to NOTES, and removed BSD specific info. proc.5 Maxime Vaudequin Mention grub(8) in same sentence as lilo(8). Maxime Vaudequin Improve description of /proc/sys/abi and /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe. utmp.5 Alain Portal Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.) iso_8859-2.7 Adam Borowski Reverse the 2.68 change applied by mtk in response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445085 that replaced "Sorbian" with "Serbian". (Sorbian is a language of 50000 people in Brandenburg.) man-pages.7 mtk Added CONFIGURATION to list of "standard" section names. spufs.7 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. mtk Minor edits. tcp.7 Maxime Vaudequin Fix reference to kernel Documentation file. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.70 ==================== Released: 2007-12-06 Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Remove section numbers for page references where the reference refers to the page itself. (This stops man2html producing links from a page back to itself.) Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- get_mempolicy.2 mtk Add CONFORMING TO section. io_getevents.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. mbind.2 mtk Add CONFORMING TO section. msgop.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entries. sigprocmask.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. splice.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. Add SEE ALSO referring to vmsplice(2). csin.3 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. Add SEE ALSO referring to ccos(3). gethostbyname.3 mtk Add gethostbyaddr_r to NAME section. rint.3 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. sigsetops.3 mtk Minor rewording. epoll.7 mtk Minor rewording. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.71 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal John Sigler Josh Triplett Mats Wichmann Pascal MALAISE Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- err.3 fts.3 getloadavg.3 queue.3 rcmd.3 rexec.3 stdin.3 elf.5 operator.7 mtk Replaced the use of mdoc macros on these pages with man macros. The only pages in man-pages that still use mdoc macros are mdoc.7 and mdoc.samples.7. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Deleted pages ------------- TODO mtk This information is now on the website. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Changes.old mtk Reformat various change log entries to use a consistent format. Expand Debian bug report numbers to be URLs. Other minor tidy-ups. fcntl.2 mtk Document the F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC operation, which is new in kernel 2.6.24. listen.2 Josh Triplett Fix incorrect path for somaxconn. getpw.3 Alain PORTAL Add ENOENT error to ERRORS. sysconf.3 Mats Wichmann Add documentation of _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF and _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN. tty.4 John Sigler Add tty_ioctl(4) to SEE ALSO list. regex.7 Pascal MALAISE Separate text on back references from that describing basic regexps, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379829. mtk Remove crufty text about word boundaries. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.72 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Alex Tuninga Bert Wesarg Maxime Vaudequin Rob Weryk Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL / mtk Format include files consistently (".I <.*\.h>"). Various pages Alain PORTAL / mtk Format pathname in italics (.I). dbopen.3 mpool.3 recno.3 Alain PORTAL Remove brackets ([]) around error names. console.4 tty.4 ttyS.4 issue.5 ttytype.5 utmp.5 mtk / Maxime Vaudequin Some systems have mingetty(8), others have agetty(8), so both should be mentioned when we are talking about getty-style programs. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Renamed pages ------------- filesystems.5 mtk / Alain PORTAL Was previously fs.5 New links --------- argz.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk Link to argz_add.3. envz.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk Link to envz_add.3. fs.5 mtk / Alain PORTAL Link to filesystems.5. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- readahead.2 Rob Weryk Fix declaration of 'offset' in SYNOPSIS. seteuid.2 mtk s/SETGUID/SETEUID/ in .TH line. __setfpucw.3 mtk Fixed include files references / formatting. abort.3 mtk, after a note by Alex Tuninga A fairly significant rewrite to clarify operation of abort(). argz_add.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk s/envz/envz_add/ in SEE ALSO. basename.3 mtk s/DIRNAME/BASENAME/ in .TH line, and swap function names in NAME section. envz_add.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk s/argz/argz_add/ in SEE ALSO. flockfile.3 mtk s/LOCKFILE/FLOCKFILE/ in .TH line. getgrent_r.3 mtk s/GETGRENT/GETGRENT_R/ in .TH line. stdio.3 Sam Varshavchik Reformat function list at end of page as a proper table. ttyslot.3 Maxime Vaudequin Revert earlier s/getty/mingetty/. This page talks about historical behavior, and that means "getty(8)". undocumented.3 mtk Remove reference to "obstack stuff"; it's not clear what that is about. console_ioctl.4 mtk s/CONSOLE_IOCTLS/CONSOLE_IOCTL/ in .TH line. proc.5 mtk s/fs (5)/filesystems (5)/ man-pages.7 mtk / Alain PORTAL Improve discussion of formatting of file names. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.73 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Pádraig Brady Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mknod.2 mtk, after a report by Reuben Thomas Clarify use of mkfifo() versus mknod(). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=455825 fgetgrent.3 mtk Small rewording. fgetpwent.3 mtk Small rewording. rcmd.3 mtk Noted feature test macro requirements. BUGS: noted that iruserok() is not declared in glibc headers. filesystems.5 mtk Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS to list of file systems. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.74 ==================== Released: 2007-12-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andrew Morton David Brown Jeremy Kerr Mats Wichmann Sam Morris Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. Various pages mtk / Alain Portal s/``...''/"..."/ Various pages mtk s/epoch/Epoch/ Various pages mtk Make the standard indent for code samples, shell session logs, etc. to be ".in +4n". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _syscall.2 mtk Nowadays there is _syscall6() also. chroot.2 mtk Various minor formatting changes. epoll_wait.2 mtk Fix types in structs. Formatting fixes. mount.2 mtk, after a note by Sam Morris Clarify that MS_NODIRATIME provides a subset of the functionality provided by MS_NOATIME. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Minor rearrangement of text. select_tut.2 mtk Fix (my) typos in argument names. Formatting fixes. spu_create.2 Jeremy Kerr We can use context FDs for the dirfd argument to the *at() syscalls. times.2 mtk, after a note from David Brown and Andrew Morton http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119447727031225&w=2 Rework the text describing the return value to be closer to the requirements of POSIX.1; move Linux details to NOTES and add a warning not to rely on those details. Add a warning about the -1 to -4095 bug which results in a 41 second window where the glibc wrapper will wrongly return -1 indicating an error. mtk Remove cruft HZ text. Clarify text describing return value of clock(3). getw.3 Mats Wichmann CONFORMING TO: getw() and putw() were in SUSv2, but are not in POSIX.1-2001. hash.3 mtk / Alain Portal Minor rewordings + formatting fixes. st.4 Alain Portal / mtk Many formatting fixes. mtk Place ERRORS in alphabetical order. vcs.4 Samuel Thibault Document VT_GETHIFONTMASK (new in 2.6.18) and add to example program; attribute/text characters are in the host byte order. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=456437 mtk Minor edits. bootparam.7 Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. inotify.7 mtk Minor heading changes and reformattings. man-pages.7 mtk Note that code segments, structure definitions, shell session logs, should be indented by 4 spaces. spufs.7 Jeremy Kerr Add a little information about the differences to mbox. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.75 ==================== Released: 2008-01-08 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andreas Henriksson Jeremy Kerr Justin Pryzby Phil Endecott Sam Varshavchik Thomas Huriaux Timo Sirainen Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk (Grammatical) hyphenation was fixed in many places. epoll_wait.2 mbind.2 spu_run.2 ecvt.3 fmtmsg.3 getnameinfo.3 rtc.4 proc.5 charsets.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 raw.7 uri.7 Justin Pryzby / mtk Fix incorrect usage of "a" and "an" before following vowel / consonant, by reviewing the output of the following scripts: for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do echo $a MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null | egrep '(^| )an [^aeiou][a-z]' done | less for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do echo $a MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null | egrep '(^| )a [aeiou][a-z]' done| less err.3 fts.3 queue.3 rcmd.3 rexec.3 stdin.3 elf.5 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Improve macros used in 2.71 to convert from "mdoc" to "man". _exit.2 chroot.2 getgid.2 getpid.2 getrusage.2 getsid.2 gettid.2 getuid.2 iopl.2 kill.2 personality.2 pivot_root.2 ptrace.2 sched_setparam.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_yield.2 seteuid.2 setgid.2 setpgid.2 setresuid.2 setreuid.2 setuid.2 unlink.2 wait.2 openpty.3 raise.3 setlogmask.3 sleep.3 ttyslot.3 ulimit.3 tty.4 tty_ioctl.4 path_resolution.7 mtk s/current process/calling process/ cacheflush.2 clone.2 fcntl.2 getitimer.2 getrlimit.2 mmap.2 mprotect.2 times.2 adjtime.3 byteorder.3 inet.3 offsetof.3 rtc.4 icmp.7 pipe.7 time.7 mtk s/x86/i386/ since that is the name used in 'arch' directories in the kernel source, and previously both i386 and x86 were both used in man pages; also nowadays 'x86' is somewhat ambiguous, since it is the name of the 'arch' directory for i386 and x86-64. conj.3 cacos.3 cacosh.3 cabs.3 carg.3 casin.3 casinh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 ccos.3 ccosh.3 cexp.3 cimag.3 clog.3 cosh.3 creal.3 csin.3 csinh.3 ctan.3 ctanh.3 sinh.3 tanh.3 mtk Various reformattings. Various pages Alain Portal Formating fixes. mlock.2 mprotect.2 mpool.3 offsetof.3 Alain Portal Format SYNOPSIS in a manner consistent with other pages. Various pages mtk / Alain Portal Format casts so that there is a non-breaking space after the type, and remove unnecessary parentheses around the casted value. Thus, for example, the following: .IR "(size_t) (\-1)" . becomes: .IR "(size_t)\ \-1" . Various pages mtk / Alain Portal Replace "-" by "\-" where a real dash is required. Various pages mtk Make the formatting of instances of '*varname' consistent, changing instances such as: .RI * varname to: .I *varname pciconfig_read.2 nfsservctl.2 bstring.3 cpow.3 getipnodebyname.3 getpwnam.3 getrpcent.3 lsearch.3 malloc_hook.3 mpool.3 stdin.3 strtol.3 strtoul.3 unlocked_stdio.3 regex.3 sd.4 resolv.conf.5 utmp.5 futex.7 mtk Format SYNOPSIS consistently. drand48.3 drand48_r.3 flockfile.3 erf.3 sigvec.3 timeradd.3 wprintf.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Standardize sentence used under "Feature Test Macro Requirements" when referring to all functions shown in the SYNOPSIS. get_kernel_syms.2 getdents.2 getitimer.2 nanosleep.2 query_module.2 statvfs.2 clock_getres.3 getaddrinfo.3 getgrent.3 getipnodebyname.3 console_ioctl.4 tty_ioctl.4 rtnetlink.7 mtk Indent structure definitions by +4n. recv.2 btree.3 dbopen.3 ether_aton.3 fts.3 hash.3 mpool.3 profil.3 rcmd.3 recno.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 console_ioctl.4 ddp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 svipc.7 mtk Use C99 standard types in declarations. s/u_long/unsigned long/ s/ulong/unsigned long/ s/u_char/unsigned char/ s/u_short/unsigned short/ s/ushort/unsigned short/ s/u_int8_t/uint8_t/ s/u_int16_t/uint16_t/ s/u_int32_t/uint32_t/ s/u_int/unsigned int/ exit_group.2 fallocate.2 getdents.2 ioctl_list.2 nfsservctl.2 sched_setaffinity.2 set_tid_address.2 ustat.2 argz_add.3 confstr.3 envz_add.3 getline.3 getpwnam.3 gets.3 getw.3 inet_ntop.3 inet_pton.3 offsetof.3 console_ioctl.4 termcap.5 ascii.7 feature_test_macros.7 netlink.7 operator.7 svipc.7 mtk Fix unbalanced .nf/.fi pairs. chmod.2 getxattr.2 listxattr.2 lseek.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 stat.2 feature_test_macros.7 fpathconf.3 fopen.3 mtk Rename argument: s/file*des/fd/ , since that is the name most commonly used on man pages for a file descriptor argument. bindresvport.3 des_crypt.3 getopt.3 getrpcent.3 realpath.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 mtk Removed .SM macros. madvise.2 getdirentries.3 printf.3 sigvec.3 mtk Remove extraneous .br macro before/after .SH/.SS. _syscall.2 lookup_dcookie.2 aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_write.3 canonicalize_file_name.3 envz_add.3 getgrouplist.3 getttyent.3 key_setsecret.3 mtrace.3 tcgetpgrp.3 tcgetsid.3 ttyslot.3 tty_ioctl.4 mtk Remove extraneous .sp macros. fcntl.2 outb.2 send.2 syscalls.2 getopt.3 proc.5 man-pages.7 standards.7 tcp.7 mtk Remove/replace extraneous .sp macros. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _syscall.2 mtk Nowadays there are seven macros (see 2.74 change log also). arch_prctl.2 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen Clarify interpretation of 'addr'; plus a few other minor edits and updates. bind.2 mtk Minor rewrites. close.2 mtk Clarify relationship between file descriptor and open file description. connect.2 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen Since kernel 2.2, AF_UNSPEC for unconnecting a connected socket *is* supported. execve.2 Alain Portal Minor rewordings. futimesat.2 Alain Portal Remove duplicate "#include " from SYNOPSIS. getgid.2 mtk Add getresgid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. getpagesize.2 mtk Small rewording. getresuid.2 mtk Rewrote various parts. getuid.2 mtk Add getresuid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. ioctl_list.2 Alain Portal Use proper tables for layout, and various formatting fixes. mtk Various formatting fixes. listen.2 mtk Rewrote various parts. mbind.2 Andi Kleen / mtk / Alain Portal Modify explanation of EINVAL 'maxnode' error. mmap.2 mtk Add comma to clarify meaning of a sentence. open.2 mtk Clarify initial description of O_EXCL. Clarify description of behaviors of O_CREAT | O_EXCL for symbolic links. Clarify text describing use of lockfiles without O_EXCL. mtk, with input from Timo Sirainen and Trond Myklebust O_EXCL is supported on NFSv3 and later, with Linux 2.6 and later. pipe.2 mtk Rename 'filedes' argument 'pipefd'. pivot_root.2 mtk s/cwd/current working directory/ seteuid.2 mtk Minor changes. setpgid.2 mtk Add credentials(7) to SEE ALSO, and updated copyright credits, to reflect my rewrite of a few months ago. setsid.2 mtk Add getsid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. spu_create.2 Alain Portal / mtk; acked by Jeremy Kerr Minor formatting/wording changes. mtk Put EPERM in right alphabetical position in ERRORS list. argz_add.3 mtk Formatting fixes. atexit.3 mtk Minor changes to example program. cerf.3 mtk These functions are still not present as at glibc 2.7. dbopen.3 Alain Portal / mtk Various minor spelling and formatting fixes. envz_add.3 mtk Formatting fixes. fexecve.3 mtk Fix placement of feature test macro in SYNOPSIS. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk Small rewording. getline.3 mtk Minor changes to example program. getrpcent.3 getrpcport.3 mtk Use modern C prototypes in SYNOPSIS. getutent.3 Alain Portal / mtk Formatting fixes. mbsnrtowcs.3 mbsrtowcs.3 mbstowcs.3 mtk Use .IP tags to create properly formatted lists. rpc.3 mtk Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes. Add text and start of page describing header files and types required by functions. Reformat discussion of request under clnt_control(). xdr.3 mtk Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes. Remove crufty "int empty" from xdrrec_eof() description. console_codes.4 Phil Endecott Relocate misplaced line: "and if LF/NL (new line mode) is set also a carriage return;" as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458338. console_ioctl.4 mtk Formatting fixes. bootparam.7 mtk, after a note by Alan Portal Fix reference to kernel documentation source file in the "The Sound Driver" subsection. man-pages.7 Alain Portal Move CONFIGURATION description after SYNOPSIS description. mtk / Alain Portal Note that header files should be surrounded by angle brackets (<>). posixoptions.7 mtk Minor formatting and wording fixes. rtnetlink.7 Andreas Henriksson Fix description of RTM_F_EQUALIZE. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458325. signal.7 mtk Minor formatting and wording fixes. socket.7 mtk Small rewording of discussion of O_ASYNC. spufs.7 mtk / Jeremy Kerr / Alain Portal s/SPE/SPU/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.76 ==================== Released: 2008-01-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Jeremy Kerr Sam Varshavchik Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- longjmp.3 printf.3 scanf.3 setbuf.3 setjmp.3 sk98lin.4 environ.7 mtk Rework/remove use of ".ad" macros. ioctl_list.2 mlock.2 mprotect.2 mremap.2 syslog.2 cfree.3 mpool.3 offsetof.3 rpc.3 stdin.3 mtk Fix unbalanced quotes in formatting macros. ftok.3 mtk s/i-node/inode/, for consistency with other pages and POSIX.1-2001. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chown.2 mtk Minor wording change. dup.2 mtk Reordered text in DESCRIPTION and added some details for dup2(). open.2 Trond Myklebust / mtk Minor fix to O_EXCL changes in previous release. gettid.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; noted that thread ID is not the same thing as a POSIX thread ID. pipe.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; minor additions to EXAMPLE text. umask.2 mtk A few rewrites and additions. strptime.3 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon / mtk Add "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE" to example program. initrd.4 mtk Use quotes more consistently in formatting macros. random.4 mtk, after a report by Daniel Kahn Gilmor Add 2.6 details for /proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=459232. pthreads.7 mtk Minor changes. spufs.7 mtk / Jeremy Kerr Define abbreviation "MSS". ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.77 ==================== Released: 2008-01-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Pavel Heimlich Phil Endecott Thomas Huriaux Vincent Lefevre WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- stdarg.3 bootparam.7 Thomas Huriaux Fix broken use of single quotes at start of line, as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462636 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- remove_COLOPHON.sh mtk Script to remove the COLOPHON section from the man pages provided as command-line arguments. This is useful to remove the COLOPHON sections from all of the man pages in two different release trees in order to do a "diff -ruN" to see the "real" differences between the trees. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 mtk Replace tables with .TP macros. fork.2 mtk Added discussion of directory streams. Removed "#include " from SYNOPSIS. Changed authorship notice. futex.2 mtk Add ENOSYS error to errors. Phil Endecott Explicitly describe return value in the event of an error. inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Minor wording changes. splice.2 WANG Cong Fix types for 2 and 4 arguments in splice prototype. wait.2 Phil Endecott Clarify description of return value for WNOHANG. tkill.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; emphasized that tkill() is obsoleted by tgkill(). alloca.3 mtk Change description in NAME section. Various rewrites and additions (including notes on longjmp() and SIGSEGV). mtk / Vincent Lefevre Weaken warning against use of alloca(), and point out some cases where it can be useful; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=461100. bootparam.7 Pavel Heimlich Remove junk line. inotify.7 mtk Replace tables with .TP macros. s/MultiSource Synchronization/MultiSource Synchronization (MSS)/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.78 ==================== Released: 2008-02-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Davide Libenzi Greg Banks Michael Tokarev Phil Endecott Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- sigaction.2 signal.2 sigwaitinfo.2 signal.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry referring to new signalfd.2 page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- eventfd.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the eventfd() system call, new in 2.6.22. signalfd.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the signalfd() system call, new in 2.6.22. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- futex.2 mtk / Phil Endecott Improve wording describing error returns. open.2 Greg Banks Greatly expand the detail on O_DIRECT. reboot.2 mtk / Michael Tokarev Fix RETURN VALUE description: in some cases reboot() does not return. mtk Rename the 'flag' argument to 'cmd', since that is more meaningful, and also what is used in the kernel source. Other minor wording changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.79 ==================== Released: 2008-03-07 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries E. Brouwer Chris Heath Davide Libenzi Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao Heikki Orsila Jeremy Kerr Justin Pryzby Lasse Kärkkäinen Michael Haardt Mike Frysinger Ron Burk Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- timerfd_create.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime() system calls, which are new in 2.6.25. New links --------- timerfd_gettime.2 timerfd_settime.2 mtk Links to new timerfd_create.2 page. eventfd_read.3 eventfd_write.3 mtk Links to eventfd.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile aeb Remove code relating to man1/README, which no longer exists. execve.2 mtk Clarify detail of RLIMIT_STACK/4 limit for argv+environ. getitimer.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2. getrusage.2 mtk Minor rewordings. open.2 Michael Haardt Move discussion of 'mode' argument under description of O_CREAT. signalfd.2 mtk Fix type for 'ssi_ptr' field. See http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2008-01/msg00002.html. syscalls.2 mtk Add timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime() to list. syslog.2 Jeremy Kerr Add info on command type 10. Add details on types 6, 7, 8, and 9. Minor grammar fix. mtk Update LOG_BUF_LEN details. Update RETURN VALUE section. Notes capability requirements under EPERM error. Minor fix to description of type==3 and type==4. Other minor edits. ctime.3 Walter Harms Note that POSIX requires localtime() to act as though tzset() was called, but localtime_r() does not have the same requirement. See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/2034/ getaddrinfo.3 mtk Clarify discussion of NULL 'hints' argument; other minor rewrites. mtk / Sam Varshavchik Remove some duplicated text. malloc.3 Lasse Kärkkäinen / Mike Frysinger / mtk Clarify description of realloc() behavior for ((size == 0) && (ptr != NULL)). posix_fallocate.3 Samuel Thibault s/stdlib.h/fcntl.h/ in SYNOPSIS. proc.5 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao Update /proc/[number]/cmdline description. It used to be true that the command line arguments were not accessible when the process had been swapped out. In ancient kernels (circa 2.0.*) the problem was that the kernel relied on get_phys_addr to access the user space buffer, which stopped working as soon as the process was swapped out. Recent kernels use get_user_pages for the same purpose and thus they should not have that limitation. epoll.7 Davide Libenzi / mtk Clarify the somewhat unintuitive behavior that occurs if a file descriptor in an epoll set is closed while other file descriptors referring to the same underlying open file description remain open. See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/596462/. mtk Clarify error that occurs if we add an epoll fd to its own set. mtk A few minor rewordings. mtk, after a note by Chris Heath Rework Q1/A1, describing what happens when adding the same file descriptor twice to an epoll set, and when adding duplicate file descriptors to the same epoll set. Heikki Orsila / mtk / Davide Libenzi Clarify Q9/A9 to discuss packet/token-oriented files. mtk, after comments by Devide Libenzi and Chris Heath Added Q0/A0, making explicit that the key for items in an epoll set is [file descriptor, open file description]. mtk, after a note by Ron Burk Change A3, to note that when events are available, the epoll file descriptor will indicate as being readable. mtk Add some further explanation to Q5/A5 about why an epoll file descriptor cannot be passed across a Unix domain socket. posixoptions.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry for standards(7). regex.7 mtk Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348552. standards.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry for posixoptions(7). time.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.80 ==================== Released: 2008-06-05 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Alain Portal Andreas Herrmann Andrew Morton Andries E. Brouwer Anoop Aurelien Gerome Daniel Burr Davide Libenzi Felix Kater Folkert van Heusden Hamaji Shinichiro Heikki Orsila Ingo Molnar Justin Pryzby Karsten Weiss Martin Pitt Marty Leisner Nicolas François Nick Piggin Petter Reinholdtsen Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Stuart Brady Theodoros V. Kalamatianos Thomas Huriaux Tim Stoakes Timothy Baldwin Tolga Dalman Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- bdflush.2 inotify_add_watch.2 mprotect.2 sigprocmask.2 ctime.3 getusershell.3 setbuf.3 st.4 ip.7 packet.7 mtk Replace "(il)legal" by "(not) permitted" or "(in)valid". read.2 utime.2 filesystems.5 packet.7 mtk s/time stamp/timestamp/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. madvise.2 mbind.2 mincore.2 mmap.2 mmap2.2 msync.2 remap_file_pages.2 mtk Change name of 'start' argument to 'addr' for consistency with: * other memory-related interfaces * POSIX specification (for those interfaces in POSIX) * Linux and glibc source code (in at least some cases) Various pages mtk s/filesystem/file system/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. Various pages mtk s/zeroes/zeros/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. abs.3 proc.5 mtk s/builtin/built-in/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. mknod.2 ftw.3 mtk s/normal file/regular file/ Various pages mtk s/nonempty/non-empty/ Various pages mtk s/nonzero/non-zero/ Various pages mtk s/realtime/real-time/, for consistency with majority usage. Various pages mtk s/command line/command-line/ when used attributively. Various pages mtk Use "run time" when non-attributive, "run-time" when attributive. Various pages mtk Various pages that I wrote carried a slightly modified version of the "verbatim" license. In the interests of minimizing license proliferation, I've reverted the modified form so that the license is exactly the same as on other pages carrying the verbatim license. epoll_ctl.2 getitimer.2 getrlimit.2 unix.7 mtk s/since kernel x.y.z/since Linux x.y.z/ wait.2 inotify.7 mtk Reformat kernel version information for flags. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François.) New pages --------- random_r.3 mtk, after a suggestion by aeb Documents random_r(3), srandom_r(3), initstate_r(3), and setstate_r(3), which are the reentrant equivalents of random(3), srandom(3), initstate(3), and setstate(3). New links --------- lutimes.3 mtk Link to futimes.3. initstate_r.3 setstate_r.3 srandom_r.3 mtk Links to random_r.3. daylight.3 timezone.3 tzname.3 mtk Links to tzset.3. isnanf.3 isnanl.3 mtk Links to finite.3. encrypt_r.3 setkey_r.3 mtk Links to encrypt.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Added note that CLONE_STOPPED (which no-one uses anyway) is now deprecated. epoll_create.2 mtk Add NOTES section pointing out that 'size' argument is unused since kernel 2.6.8. epoll_ctl.2 mtk Added portability note to BUGS text for EPOLL_CTL_DEL. epoll_wait.2 mtk If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then epoll_pwait() is equivalent to epoll_wait(). fork.2 mtk NOTES: since glibc 2.3.3, the glibc NPTL fork() wrapper bypasses the fork() system call to invoke clone() with flags providing equivalent functionality. futex.2 mtk, after a note from Adrian Bunk FUTEX_FD has been removed, as of kernel 2.6.26. futimesat.2 mtk Note that this system call is made obsolete by utimensat(2). getgroups.2 Petter Reinholdtsen SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284. mtk NGROUPS_MAX increased in kernel 2.6.4. SEE ALSO: Add credentials(7). mtk Reformat DESCRIPTION and RETURN VALUE sections to be more consistent with man-pages style. Add some more detail to descriptions of system calls. Clarified what happens if caller of getgroups() is a member of more than 'size' supplementary groups. ERRORS: Add ENOMEM. getpriority.2 mtk, after a note from Ingo Molnar Add text in NOTES about the punchier effect of nice values in kernel 2.6.23 and later. Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-nice-design.txt to SEE ALSO list. gettid.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section noting that this system call first appeared in 2.4.11. kill.2 Marty Leisner / mtk Add text explicitly noting that sig==0 can be used to check for the existence of a PID or PGID. mtk A few minor rewordings. mbind.2 mtk The location of the numactl package has changed. mmap.2 mtk Added some .SS headings to make structure of page a little more obvious. mtk, with input from Nick Piggin MAP_POPULATE supports both file and anonymous mappings. Since 2.6.23, MAP_POPULATE supports private mappings. Since 2.6.23, MAP_NONBLOCK causes MAP_POPULATE to be a no-op. mtk NOTES: Added details on mapping address that is selected by kernel when MAP_FIXED is / isn't specified. mount.2 mtk The MS_REMOUNT changes in 2.4 were at 2.4.10 (not 2.4). mtk Minor wording change. msgctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in msginfo structure are "unused within the kernel". msginfo.msgpool is measured in kilobytes, not bytes. Minor rewordings in comments for msginfo structure. msgop.2 mtk Various minor rewordings and restructurings for clarity. mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas Remove "msgop" from NAME section. mkdir.2 mtk Clarify meaning of "BSD group semantics". SEE ALSO: add chown(2). mknod.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2). mmap.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add mprotect(2) and shmat(2). mprotect.2 Hamaji Shinichiro SYNOPSIS: s/size_t \*len/size_t len/ open.2 mtk Note that O_CLOEXEC should be in the next POSIX.1 revision. mtk More than just ext2 supports "mount -o bsdgroups" nowadays, so make the discussion about group ownership of new files a bit more generic. mtk SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2). poll.2 mtk If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then ppoll() is equivalent to poll() with respect to signal mask manipulations. posix_fadvise.2 mtk s/posix_madvise (2)/posix_madvise (3)/; (The referred-to page still doesn't exist yet, but hopefully will do sometime soon.) ptrace.2 Anoop, Acked by Roland McGrath. Re PTRACE_PEEKUSER: the offsets and data returned might not match with the definition of struct user. See also http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/8/375 recv.2 Felix Kater / mtk Improve wording for EAGAIN error in discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT. rmdir.2 Martin Pitt POSIX.1 also allows EEXIST for the ENOTEMPTY error condition. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=467552. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk, with input from Ingo Molnar Add description of SCHED_IDLE policy (new in 2.6.23). Tweak description of SCHED_BATCH. Minor rewordings. select_tut.2 Justin Pryzby Various wording clean-ups. semctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in seminfo structure are "unused within the kernel". Minor rewordings in comments for seminfo structure. semop.2 Aurelien Gerome Small fix in example code. setpgid.2 mtk / Karsten Weiss Clarify description of setpgid() a little. shmctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in shminfo structure are "unused within the kernel". Minor rewordings in comments for shminfo structure. shmop.2 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas Remove "shmop" from NAME section. signalfd.2 mtk Added BUGS text noting that before kernel 2.6.25, the ssi_int and ssi_ptr fields are not set. Added comments describing fields in signalfd_siginfo structure. Update field names in example program (s/signo/ssi_signo/). Various small fixes, and remove duplicated sentence. Minor edits to structure definition. sigqueue.2 mtk Added some comments to code in NOTES. stat.2 mtk Minor wording change. symlink.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add lchown(2). sync_file_range.2 mtk / Andrew Morton Remove statement that (SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER) is a traditional fdatasync(2) operation. See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=421482 comments 129 to 131. syscalls.2 mtk This page is now up to date as at kernel 2.6.25. syslog.2 mtk Small tidy up of language relating to permissions/capabilities. timerfd_create.2 mtk Minor change to example program. Minor wording change. utime.2 Reuben Thomas Remove unnecessary subheading for utimes(). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=477402. mtk Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls always change *both* timestamps). CONFORMING TO: utimes() is in POSIX.1-2001. mtk Rename 'buf' argument of utime() to 'times' (like utimes()). Clarify explanation of EACCES and EPERM errors. Remove BUGS section, since it doesn't seem to add useful information. Clarified discussion of capabilities, and noted that CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE also has a role. Other minor rewordings. wait.2 mtk, after a note by Justin Pryzby Add a sentence clarifying that even though the default disposition of SIGCHLD is "ignore", explicitly setting the disposition to SIG_IGN results in different treatment of zombies. aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_suspend.3 aio_write.3 Kevin O'Gorman Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS. backtrace.3 Nicolas François s/backtrace_symbols/backtrace_symbols_fd/ in one sentence. mtk Fix bogus reference to variable 'strings': should be: "the array of pointers". ctime.3 mtk Add warning under NOTES that asctime(), ctime(), gmtime(), and localtime() may each overwrite the static object returned by any of the other calls. Other minor edits. dlopen.3 mtk Add more detail to the description of the fields in the structure returned by dladdr(). fexecve.3 mtk Clean up SYNOPSIS after work by cut-and-paste-Pete: the necessary header file is not ! futimes.3 mtk Add documentation of lutimes(), which appeared in glibc 2.6. mtk Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls always change *both* timestamps). CONFORMING TO: futimes() did not come from 4.2BSD. (It came from FreeBSD; see the FreeBSD man page.) getenv.3 mtk Noted that caller must not modify returned value string. Noted that getenv() is not reentrant: the buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by later calls to getenv(), putenv(), setenv(), or unsetenv(). Other minor rewrites. getgrent.3 Petter Reinholdtsen SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284. gethostbyname.3 mtk Add 'h_errno' to NAME list. getopt.3 mtk Add 'optarg', 'optind', 'opterr', and 'optopt' to NAME section. Add subheading for getopt_long() and getopt_long_only() description. getpt.3 mtk Point out that this function should be avoided in favor of posix_openpt(). Add ERRORS section referring to open(2). getsubopt.3 Daniel Burr SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of valuep. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476672. malloc.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: Note circumstances in which successful malloc() and calloc() can return NULL. mq_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. opendir.3 mtk Describe treatment of close-on-exec flag by opendir() and fdopendir(). openpty.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add ttyname(3). raise.3 mtk / Timothy Baldwin Clarify semantics of raise() when called from a multithreaded program. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476484. mtk Rewrites and additions to various parts of the page. rand.3 Tolga Dalman / aeb / mtk Remove outdated warning in NOTES; encourage the use of random(3) instead. Folkert van Heusden Clarify wording describing range of values returned by rand(). random.3 aeb / mtk / Tolga Dalman Recommend use or random_r(3) for multithreaded applications that need independent, reproducible sequences of random numbers. Move references to "The Art of Computer Programming" and "Numerical Recipes", formerly in rand(3), to this page. Add drand48(93) to SEE ALSO list. regex.3 Heikki Orsila Clarify description of 'rm_eo' field. sem_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. sem_post.3 mtk Added pointer to example in sem_wait(3). sem_close.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_init.3 sem_open.3 sem_post.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_wait.3 mtk, after a note from Marty Leisner Add text to SYNOPSIS noting the need to link with "-lrt" or "-pthread". setenv.3 mtk setenv() copies 'name' and 'value' (contrast with putenv()). unsetenv() of a nonexistent variable does nothing and is considered successful. Noted that setenv() and unsetenv() need not be reentrant. shm_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. undocumented.3 mtk initstate_r(3), setkey_r(3), setstate_r(3) are now documented. utmp.5 Nicolas François Small rewording. resolv.conf.5 Nicolas François gethostname() is in Section 2, not section 3. ascii.7 Stuart Brady Fix rendering of ' (backtick) and apostrophe (') in tables charsets.7 Nicolas François s/unicode.com/unicode.org/ credentials.7 mtk NOTES: Pthreads requires that all threads share the same UIDs and GIDs. But the Linux kernel maintains separate UIDs and GIDs for every thread. NPTL does some work to ensure that credential changes by any thread are carried through to all POSIX threads in a process. mtk sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) can be used to determine the number of supplementary groups that a process may belong to. Clarify that supplementary group IDs are specified in POSIX.1-2001. epoll.7 mtk, after a note from Sam Varshavchik For answer A2, change "not recommended" to "careful programming may be required". inotify.7 mtk Document SIGIO feature (new in 2.6.25) for inotify file descriptors. mtk Note that select()/poll()/epoll_wait() indicate a ready inotify file descriptor as readable. mtk Document IN_ATTRIB in a little more detail. pthreads.7 Justin Pryzby Grammar fix, plus fix typo in script. mtk Add list of thread-safe functions. standards.7 mtk Add a section on the upcoming POSIX revision. ld.so.8 Justin Pryzby / mtk Various wording improvements. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.00 ==================== Released: 2008-06-12, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Stuart Brady Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- The POSIX.1 man pages (sections 0p, 1p, 3p) have been moved out of this package into the separate man-pages-posix package. This made sense because those pages are seldom changed (only formatting fixes, etc.) so that it was unnecessary to redistribute them with each man-pages release. console_codes.4 random.4 dir_colors.5 proc.5 glob.7 Stuart Brady s/`/\`/ for backquotes used in command substitution, for proper rendering in UTF-8. Various pages mtk, after a note from Stuart Brady Using /'x'/ to denote a character (string) renders poorly in UTF-8, where the two ' characters render as closing single quotes. On the other hand, using /`x'/ renders nicely on UTF-8, where proper opening and closing single quotes are produced by groff(1), but looks ugly when rendered in ASCII. Using the sequence /\\aqx\\aq/ produces a reasonable rendering ('\\aq' is a vertical "apostrophe quote") in both UTF-8 and ASCII. So that change is made in a number of pages. See also http://www.cl.cal.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/quotes.html. Various pages mtk Replace form /`string'/ by /"string"/, since the former renders poorly in ASCII. termios.3 console_codes.4 tty_ioctl.4 termcap.5 charsets.7 mtk Control character names (^X) are written boldface, without quotes. printf.3 scanf.3 proc.5 glob.7 regex.7 mtk Various edits to try and bring some consistency to the use of quotes. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- tty_ioctl.4 mtk Small rewordings in description of packet mode. locale.7 mtk Minor formatting fixes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.01 ==================== Released: 2008-06-25, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andreas Herrmann Andrew P Andrew Clayton Bart Van Assche Christian Borntraeger Christoph Hellwig Daniele Giacomini Dorin Lazar George Spelvin Jason Englander Jeff Moyer Laurent Vivier Masatake YAMOTO Matt Mackall Neil Horman Pavel Machek Peter Zijlstra Petr Baudis Petr Gajdos Roman Zippel Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Stephane Chazelas Stuart Cunningham Thomas Gleixner Tolga Dalman Yao Zhao WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- acct.5 mtk A complete rewrite of this page, now with much more detail. hostname.7 mtk A description of hostname resolution. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, and lightly edited for man-pages style. symlink.7 mtk A description of symbolic links. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, but heavily edited for Linux details, improved readability, and man-pages style. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- getrlimit.2 mtk / Peter Zijlstra Add description of RLIMIT_RTTIME limit, new in 2.6.25. mkstemp.3 mtk Add description of mkostemp(), new in glibc 2.7. core.5 mtk, after a note by Petr Gajdos; review by Neil Horman Document core_pattern pipe syntax, which appeared in kernel 2.6.19. Add an example program demonstrating use of core_pattern pipe syntax. mtk Document /proc/PID/coredump_filter, new in kernel 2.6.23. Documentation was based on the text in Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt, plus testing, and checking the kernel source. proc.5 mtk Document /proc/PID/oom_score, which was new in kernel 2.6.11. This file displays the "badness" score of the process, which provides the basis for OOM-killer decisions. mtk Document /proc/PID/oom_adj, which was new in kernel 2.6.11. This file influences the oom_score of a process. mtk Document /proc/PID/limits, which was new in 2.6.24. This file displays a process's resource limits. mtk Document /proc/PID/fdinfo/*, which was new in 2.6.22. These files display info about each descriptor opened by the process: the current file offset, and the file access mode + file status flags as set in open() or fcntl(F_SETFL). mtk Document /proc/PID/mountinfo, which was new in 2.6.26. This file displays information about mount points. Closely based on text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. mtk Document /proc/PID/mountstats, which was new in 2.6.17. This file displays statistics about mount points. mtk Document /proc/PID/status. Samuel Thibault / mtk, review by Laurent Vivier, Christian Borntraeger, and Andrew P Document guest (virtual CPU) time field in /proc/stat. Document guest (virtual CPU) time fields in /proc/PID/stat. New links --------- mkostemp.3 mtk Link to mkstemp.3. getcwd.2 mtk Link to getcwd.3, which describes several interfaces, among them getcwd(), which is in fact a system call. sched_setaffinity.2 sched_setscheduler.2 set_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add cpuset(7). Global changes -------------- chown.2 faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 getxattr.2 link.2 linkat.2 listxattr.2 open.2 readlink.2 removexattr.2 rename.2 setxattr.2 stat.2 symlink.2 symlinkat.2 unlink.2 futimes.3 remove.3 path_resolution.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add symlink(7). intro.1 time.1 fcntl.2 gethostbyname.3 ioctl_list.2 mtk Wrap source lines so that new sentence starts on new line. addseverity.3 backtrace.3 dlopen.3 fmtmsg.3 getnameinfo.3 getpt.3 grantpt.3 makecontext.3 ptsname.3 tcgetsid.3 unlockpt.3 wordexp.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section. msgctl.2 msgget.2 semget.2 semop.2 pciconfig_read.2 basename.3 cmsg.3 ftok.3 console_ioctl.4 tzfile.5 mq_overview.7 pty.7 mtk For consistency, "fix" cases where argument of .B or .I was on the following source line. adjtimex.2 getrusage.2 io_getevents.2 poll.2 select.2 semop.2 sigwaitinfo.2 aio_suspend.3 clock_getres.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 sem_wait.3 proc.5 mtk SEE ALSO: add time(7) Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François and Alain Portal.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- acct.2 mtk Add a few more words to DESCRIPTION. NOTES: Add pointer to acct(5). alarm.2 Alain Portal s/process/calling process/ so as to say that the alarm signal is delivered to the calling process. brk.2 Yao Zhao / mtk Clarify discussion of return value of sbrk(). mtk DESCRIPTION: Add some sentences giving an overview of these interfaces. Add note recommending use of malloc(3). Change name of brk() argument to the simpler 'addr'. Add "(void *)" cast to "-1" for error return of sbrk(). Removed some incorrect text about "brk(0)". Note that SUSv2 specified the return value of sbrk(). Added a detail on the glibc brk() wrapper. Remove discussions of old standards (C89 and POSIX.1-1990); CONFORMING TO already discusses the situation with respect to more recent standards. chmod.2 mtk Clarify description of chmod() and fchmod(). Add further detail on S_ISUID, S_ISGID, and S_ISVTX permissions. Reformat list of permissions bits. chown.2 mtk Describe rules governing ownership of new files (bsdgroups versus sysvgroups, and the effect of the parent directory's set-group-ID permission bit). chroot.2 Alain Portal Clarify description a little. s/changes the root directory/ changes the root directory of the calling process/ execve.2 mtk Fix text that warns against use of NULL argv and envp. Using a NULL envp does in fact seem to be portable (works on Solaris and FreeBSD), but the Linux semantics for a NULL argv certainly aren't consistent with other implementations. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408. getdents.2 mtk, after a note from George Spelvin Document d_type field, present since kernel 2.6.4. Other minor edits. getitimer.2 mtk Noted that POSIX.1 leaves interactions with alarm(), sleep(), and usleep() unspecified. Linux 2.6.16 removed the MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling on timer values. Other minor changes. io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 mtk, after a note by Masatake YAMOTO and input from Jeff Moyer Describe the unconventional error return provided by the wrapper function in libaio (and contrast with behavior if the system call is invoked via syscall(2)). See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/4445/ Alain Portal / mtk Re-order ERRORS and SEE ALSO entries to be alphabetical. io_getevents.2 Alain Portal Small wording fix. io_submit.2 Jeff Moyer s/AIO request blocks/AIO control blocks/ mknod.2 mtk Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a (possibly dangling) symbolic link. nanosleep.2 mtk, after a report from Stephane Chazelas Remove crufty discussion of HZ, and replace with a pointer to time(7). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=485636 mtk, after some discussions with Bart Van Assche and Roman Zippel NOTES: describe CLOCK_REALTIME versus CLOCK_NANOSLEEP See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/696854/ "nanosleep() uses CLOCK_MONOTONIC, should be CLOCK_REALTIME?" mtk Replace mentions of "process' by "thread". NOTES: describe case where clock_nanosleep() can be preferable. Some minor rewrites. open.2 mtk, after a note from Christoph Hellwig NOTES: Note that access mode flags are not single bits, and document the Linuxism "access mode 3". See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/653123. readdir.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. recv.2 Alain Portal Add comment to 'ee_pad' field in structure definition. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Add pointer to discussion of RLIMIT_RTTIME in getrlimit.2. mtk, after a note by Andrew Clayton Rewrote and restructured various parts of the page for greater clarity. mtk Add more detail to the rules that are applied when an unprivileged process with a non-zero RLIMIT_RTPRIO limit changes policy and priority. SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.txt sync_file_range.2 Pavel Machek SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE can block on writes greater than request queue size. For some background, see http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/687713/focus=688340 syscalls.2 mtk Added system call history back to version 1.2. Fix typo on kernel version for pivot_root(). syslog.2 WANG Cong Document ENOSYS error, which can occur if kernel was built without CONFIG_PRINTK. utime.2 Nicolas François Clarify description of 'times' array for utimes(). adjtime.3 mtk The longstanding bug that if delta was NULL, olddelta didn't return the outstanding clock adjustment, is now fixed (since glibc 2.8 + kernel 2.6.26). http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug?id=2449 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761 dprintf.3 mtk Note that these functions are included in the next POSIX revision. Remove editorial discussion about what the functions should have been named. ftime.3 mtk Rewrote various pieces, and added some details. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Improve description or 'hints' and 'res' arguments. Add details on numeric strings that can be specified for 'node'. Other fairly major restructurings and rewrites to improve logical structure and clarity of the page. SEE ALSO: Add hostname(7). gethostbyname.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: Add reference to inet_addr(3) for dotted notation. SEE ALSO: add inet(3). mtk Added BUGS section noting that gethostbyname() does not recognize hexadecimal components in dotted address strings; See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482973 getmntent.3 mtk, after Stuart Cunningham pointed out the typo Remove statement that LSB deprecates the functions "endmntent(), setmntent() [sic] and setmntent()". This doesn't seem to be true (I can't find mention of it being deprecated in any of the LSB specs). Rather, LSB simply doesn't specify these functions. (LSB 1.3 had a spec of setmntent(), but not getmntent() or endmntent(), and noted that having a spec of setmntent() was of little use without also having a spec of getmntent().) See also https://lists.linux-foundation.org/pipermail/lsb-discuss/2006-October/003078.html getnameinfo.3 Tolga Dalman Remove mention of sa_len field from example code. That field is a BSDism not present on Linux. mtk Various minor changes. inet.3 mtk / Stephane Chazelas inet_aton() is *not* in POSIX.1. Rewrote discussion of why inet_addr() is disfavored. SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482979. mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas Describe the various address forms supported by inet_aton(). mtk Rewrite description of inet_network(). Clarify discussion of inet_lnaof(), inet_netof(), and inet_makeaddr(). Add discussion of Classful Addressing, noting that it is obsolete. Added an EXAMPLE program. mtk Relocate discussion of i386 byte order to NOTES. Note that inet_aton() returns an address in network byte order. SEE ALSO: Add byteorder(3) and getnameinfo(3). inet_ntop.3 mtk Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS. SEE ALSO: Add inet(3) and getnameinfo(3). Make NAME line more precise. Move errors to an ERRORS section. Add EXAMPLE section pointing to inet_pton(3). inet_pton.3 mtk / Stephane Chazelas Remove statement that inet_pton() extends inet_ntoa(); that's not really true, since inet_pton() doesn't support all of the string forms that are supported by inet_ntoa(). SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482987. mtk Describe IPv6 address formats. Describe dotted decimal format in more detail. Add an example program. mtk Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS. Make NAME line more precise. Make description of return value more precise. SEE ALSO: Add inet(3). mkfifo.3 mtk Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a (possibly dangling) symbolic link. mkstemp.3 mtk Fix discussion of O_EXCL flag. These functions may also fail for any of the errors described in open(2). Various other rewordings. readdir.3 mtk Document DT_LNK (symbolic link) for d_type field. Reorder DT_ entries alphabetically. remainder.3 mtk Recommend against drem(), in favor of remainder(). scanf.3 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas Add an ERRORS section documenting at least some of the errors that may occur for scanf(). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254. mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas; review by Stephane Chazelas Document the GNU 'a' modifier for dynamically allocating strings. See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254. Document the GNU 'm' modifier for dynamically allocating strings. strcat.3 Andreas Herrmann s/strcat/strncat/ (a typo that changed the semantics in DESCRIPTION). strerror.3 mtk, after a note from Daniele Giacomini Modify SYNOPSIS to show protoypes of both versions of strerror_r(), and make other small clarifications of the description regarding the two versions. random.4 George Spelvin (taking time out from his busy Broadway schedule), with some tweaks by Matt Mackall and mtk Add a Usage subsection that recommends most users to use /dev/urandom, and emphasizes parsimonious usage of /dev/random. locale.5 Petr Baudis LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday. proc.5 mtk The vaious CPU time fields in /proc/stat and /proc/PID/stat return time in clock ticks (USER_HZ, cputime_to_clock_t(), sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)). Updated, clarified and expanded the description several fields in /proc/[number]/stat. mtk Clarified and expanded the description of /proc/[number]/fd. mtk Updated and clarified the description of /proc/[number]/statm. mtk Updated and clarified the description of /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state. mtk Many formatting, wording, and grammar fixes. man-pages.7 mtk Enhanced description of VERSIONS section. mq_overview.7 mtk Note that Linux does not currently support ACLs for POSIX message queues. sem_overview.7 mtk Note that Linux supports ACLs on POSIX named semaphores since 2.6.19. time.7 mtk, with some suggestions from Bart Van Assche and Thomas Gleixner Added some details about where jiffies come into play. Added section on high-resolution timers. Mentioned a few other time-related interfaces at various points in the page. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/697378. unix.7 mtk, after a note by Samuel Thibault Provide a clear description of the three types of address that can appear in the sockaddr_un structure: pathname, unnamed, and abstract. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.02 ==================== Released: 2008-07-02, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Stephane Chazelas WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- clock_nanosleep.2 mtk A description of the clock_nanosleep() system call, which was added in kernel 2.6. getgrouplist.3 mtk A near complete rewrite, including additional information and a new example program. getutmp.3 mtk Documents getutmp(3) and getutmpx(3). gnu_get_libc_version.3 mtk Documents gnu_get_libc_version(3) and gnu_get_libc_release(3). sigwait.3 mtk Documents sigwait(3). shm_overview.7 mtk An overview of the POSIX shared memory API. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- updwtmp.3 mtk Document updwtmpx(3). New links --------- getutmpx.3 mtk Link to getutmp.3. gnu_get_libc_release.3 mtk Link to gnu_get_libc_version.3 updwtmpx.3 mtk Link to updwtmp.3 utmpxname.3 mtk Link to getutent.3. utmpx.5 mtk Link to utmp.5. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/user name/username/ Various pages mtk s/host name/hostname/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fchmodat.2 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: add symlink.7. (3.01 changelog wrongly said this had been done.) io_setup.2 Alain Portal Remove superfluous text from RETURN VALUE. mmap.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add mmap(2), shm_overview(7). shmget.2 shmop.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7). sigreturn.2 mtk Added a bit more detail on what sigreturn() actually does. signalfd.2 sigsuspend.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Describe behavior when multiple threads are blocked in sigwaitinfo()/sigtimedwait(). SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). dirfd.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: describe return value on success. Add an ERRORS section documenting POSIX.1-specified errors. getaddrinfo.3 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas getaddrinfo() supports specifying IPv6 scope-IDs. getlogin.3 mtk ERRORS: add ENOTTY. SEE ALSO: add utmp(5). getutent.3 WANG Cong utmpname() does return a value. mtk Add paragraph to start of DESCRIPTION recommending use of POSIX.1 "utmpx" functions. CONFORMING TO: mention utmpxname(). Add an ERRORS section. There are no utmpx equivalents of the _r reentrant functions. Clarify discussion of return values. Add pointer to definition of utmp structure in utmp(5). Clarify discussion of utmpx file on other systems (versus Linux situation). getutent.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3) inet_pton.3 Stephane Chazelas Fix error in description of IPv6 presentation format: s/x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x/x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/. setbuf.3 Reuben Thomas / mtk Fix confused wording for return value of setvbuf(). Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=488104. mtk Other minor rewordings. shm_open.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7). random.4 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Slight rewording to make life easier for non-native English speakers. utmp.5 mtk Add discussion of POSIX.1 utmpx specification. Provide a little more detail on fields of utmp structure. Added comments to macros for ut_type field. Correct the description of the ut_id field. mtk Consolidate duplicated information about ut_tv and ut_session on biarch platforms. mtk Move some text from CONFORMING TO to NOTES. Removed some crufty text. SEE ALSO: add login(3), logout(3), logwtmp(3). UT_LINESIZE is 32 (not 12). mtk SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3) man-pages.7 mtk Enhanced the discussion of font conventions. signal.7 mtk Note that the delivery order of multiple pending standard signals is unspecified. SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.03 ==================== Released: 2008-07-08, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Hidetoshi Seto Li Zefan Paul Jackson Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getcpu.2 Andi Kleen, with some text and edits by mtk Documents the getcpu(2) system call, introduced in Linux 2.6.19. sched_getcpu.3 mtk Documents sched_getcpu(3), a wrapper for getcpu(2), provided since glibc 2.6. cpuset.7 Paul Jackson, with review and editing by mtk, and comments by Hidetoshi Seto and Li Zefan A description of the cpuset file system, the mechanism introduced kernel 2.6.12 for confining processes to designated processors and nodes. (Becomes the fourth largest page in man-pages!) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- readdir.3 mtk Add documentation of readdir_r(). New links --------- updwtmpx.3 Alain Portal Link to updwtmp.3 (3.02 changelog wrongly said this had been done). readdir_r.3 mtk Link to readdir.3. Global changes -------------- get_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 sched_setaffinity.2 set_mempolicy.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getcpu(2). accept.2 close.2 connect.2 dup.2 epoll_wait.2 fcntl.2 flock.2 futex.2 msgop.2 poll.2 read.2 recv.2 select.2 semop.2 send.2 sigwaitinfo.2 spu_run.2 wait.2 write.2 aio_suspend.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 scanf.3 sem_wait.3 usleep.3 inotify.7 mtk ERRORS: Added reference to signal(7) in discussion of EINTR. Various pages mtk Wrapped very long source lines. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 mtk Small wording change. io_getevents.2 mtk ERRORS: Add EINTR error. open.2 mtk ERRORS: Add EINTR error. sigaction.2 mtk Note circumstances in which each SA_* flag is meaningful. mtk Describe POSIX specification, and Linux semantics for SA_NOCLDWAIT when establishing a handler for SIGCHLD. mtk Add pointer under SA_RESTART to new text in signal(7) describing system call restarting. mtk Other minor edits. truncate.2 mtk ERRORS: Added EINTR error. A few minor rewordings. wait.2 mtk Remove statement that WUNTRACED and WCONTINUED only have effect if SA_NOCLDSTOP has not been set for SIGCHLD. That's not true. errno.3 mtk Add a pointer to signal(7) for further explanation of EINTR. getgrouplist.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add passwd(5). readdir.3 mtk Remove from SYNOPSIS; POSIX.1-2001 does not require it. Some minor rewordings. sleep.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: explicitly mention interruption by signal handler. SEE ALSO: add signal(7). usleep.3 mtk POSIX.1-2001 also only documents EINVAL. group.5 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getgrent(3), getgrnam(3). passwd.5 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getpwent(3), getpwnam(3). proc.5 mtk Add pointer to description of /proc/PID/cpuset in cpuset(7). signal.7 mtk Add a section describing system call restarting, and noting which system calls are affected by SA_RESTART, and which system calls are never restarted. mtk Describe the aberrant Linux behavior whereby a stop signal plus SIGCONT can interrupt some system calls, even if no signal handler has been established, and note the system calls that behave this way. mtk Note a few more architectures on which signal numbers are valid. SEE ALSO: added a number of pages. mtk Update async-signal-safe function list for POSIX.1-2004 (which adds sockatmark()). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.04 ==================== Released: 2008-07-15, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andrea Arcangeli Andreas Mohr Andrew Morgan Erik Bosman John Brooks Nikanth Karthikesan Pavel Heimlich Petr Gajdos Sam Varshavchik Serge Hallyn Sripathi Kodi Vincent Lefevre Apologies if I missed anyone! Web site -------- licenses.html mtk A page describing the preferred licenses for new pages that are contributed to man-pages. New and rewritten pages ----------------------- utimensat.2 mtk New page documenting the utimensat() system call, new in 2.6.22, and futimens() library function. end.3 mtk Documents etext, edata, and end symbols. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- memchr.3 mtk Add description of rawmemchr(). proc.5 mtk Document /proc/config.gz (new in kernel 2.6). mtk, based on text from Documentation/vm/sysctl.txt Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_kill_allocating_task (new in Linux 2.6.24). Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks (new in Linux 2.6.25). Document /proc/sys/vm/panic_on_oom (new in Linux 2.6.18). New links --------- edata.3 etext.3 mtk Links to end.3. futimens.3 mtk Link to new utimensat.2. getdate_err.3 mtk Link to getdate.3. h_errno.3 mtk Link to gethostbyname.3. optarg.3 opterr.3 optind.3 optopt.3 mtk Links to getopt.3. rawmemchr.3 mtk Link to memchr.3. sys_errlist.3 sys_nerr.3 mtk Links to perror.3. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/parameter/argument/ when talking about the things given to a function call, for consistency with majority usage. Various pages mtk s/UNIX/Unix/, when not used as part of a trademark, for consistency with majority usage in pages. Various pages mtk, after a note from Alain Portal Put SEE ALSO entries into alphabetical order. Various pages mtk Remove period at end of SEE ALSO list. Various pages mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Even when the CONFORMING TO section is just a list of standards, they should be terminated by a period. getpriority.2 MB_LEN_MAX.3 MB_CUR_MAX.3 fwide.3 mblen.3 rtime.3 st.4 proc.5 bootparam.7 man-pages.7 utf-8.7 tcp.5 mtk / Alain Portal Small wording fixes -- express <=, <, >=, > in words when in running text. sched_setparam.2 sched_setscheduler.2 getgrent_r.3 hash.3 mtk Minor rewording w.r.t. use of the term "parameter". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. (Many, many thanks to Alain Portal!) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 Andrew Morgan Update in line with addition of file capabilities and 64-bit capability sets in kernel 2.6.2[45]. clock_nanosleep.2 mtk Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS. getrusage.2 Sripathi Kodi Document RUSAGE_THREAD, new in 2.6.26. mtk Improve description of RUSAGE_CHILDREN. Add pointer to /proc/PID/stat in proc(5). Other minor clean-ups. ioprio_set.2 Nikanth Karthikesan Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is longer required to set a low priority (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE). mount.2 mtk Since Linux 2.6.26, MS_RDONLY honors bind mounts. openat.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add utimensat(3). prctl.2 Serge Hallyn, with some edits/input from mtk Document PR_CAPBSET_READ and PR_CAPBSET_DROP. Erik Bosman Document PR_GET_TSC and PR_SET_TSC. mtk, reviewed by Andrea Arcangeli Document PR_SET_SECCOMP and PR_GET_SECCOMP. mtk PR_SET_KEEPCAPS and PR_GET_KEEPCAPS operate on a per-thread setting, not a per-process setting. mtk Clarify fork(2) details for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG. mtk Add description of PR_SET_SECUREBITS and PR_GET_SECUREBITS, as well as pointer to further info in capabilities(7). mtk PR_GET_ENDIAN returns endianness info in location pointed to by arg2 (not as function result, as was implied by previous text). mtk Expand description of PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME. mtk RETURN VALUE: bring up to date for various options. mtk Various improvements in ERRORS. mtk Note that PR_SET_TIMING setting of PR_TIMING_TIMESTAMP is not currently implemented. mtk Minor changes: * Clarify wording for PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_FPEMU, and PR_GET_FPEXC. * Some reformatting of kernel version information. * Reorder PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN entries. readlinkat.2 John Brooks / mtk Fix and reword erroneous RETURN VALUE text. recv.2 mtk Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch Update type used for cpusetsize argument in SYNOPSIS. select.2 Andreas Mohr / mtk Clarify "zero timeout" case. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=490868. send.2 mtk Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2. sigaction.2 mtk Document si_overrun and si_tid fields of siginfo structure. Add some text for si_trapno field. The si_errno field is *generally* unused. mtk Put descriptions of SA_* constants in alphabetical order. signal.2 mtk Rewrote and expanded portability discussion. NOTES: Show the raw prototype of signal() (without use of sighandler_t). signalfd.2 mtk Modify description of ssi_trapno field. swapon.2 mtk Fix two version number typos for MAX_SWAPFILES discussion: s/2.6.10/2.4.10/ utime.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add utimensat(2), futimens(3). dl_iterate_phdr.3 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: Add elf(5). crypt.3 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch Describe additional encryption algorithms. See also: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=428280. errno.3 mtk Small rewrites in DESCRIPTION. exec.3 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal Small rewording. exp10.3 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: Add log10(3). exp2.3 Alain Portal Add C99 to CONFORMING TO. fgetgrent.3 Alain Portal Add references to group(5). mtk Minor rewordings. SEE ALSO: add fopen(3). fgetpwent.3 Alain Portal Add reference to passwd(5). mtk Minor rewordings. SEE ALSO: add fopen(3). frexp.3 Alain Portal Add C99 to CONFORMING TO. futimes.3 mtk SEE ALSO: remove futimesat(2); add utimensat(2). getopt.3 mtk Add details on initial value of optind, and note that it can be reset (to 1) to restart scanning of an argument vector. Add a NOTES section describing the glibc-specific behavior when optind is reset to 0 (rather than 1). See http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.programmer/browse_thread/thread/be0d0b7a07a165fb mtk Note glibc extensions under CONFORMING TO. getspnam.3 mtk Improve comments on struct spwd. getpw.3 Alain Portal RETURN VALUE: note that errno is set on error. mtk Add EINVAL error. insque.3 mtk / Alain Portal Minor rewordings. log.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. log10.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add exp10(3). offsetof.3 Alain Portal Small wording improvement. pow.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. printf.3 mtk / Alain Portal Many small formatting fixes. proc.5 mtk Remove redundant summary list of files in description of /proc/sys/kernel. Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/panic_on_oops more precise. Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max more precise. Add Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt to SEE ALSO. Other minor edits. profil.3 mtk / Alain Portal Small wording improvement. rtime.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Clarify meaning of midnight on 1 Jan 1900/1970. mtk Remove netdate(1) and rdate(1) from SEE ALSO, since these pages don't seem to exist on Linux systems. scanf.3 Vincent Lefevre / mtk Clarify treatment of initial white space by %% conversion specification. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435648. mtk Many small formatting fixes. stdin.3 Alain Portal Rename CONSIDERATIONS section to NOTES, and relocate to appropriate place on page. tmpfile.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Prepend "POSIX.1-2001 specifies that: " to the sentence stating that tmpfile() may write to stdout. (AFAICS, glibc's tmpfile() does not do this.) ttyname.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. wcsdup.3 Alain Portal Make wording more precise: the memory allocated by wcsdup(3) *should* be freed with free(3). wordexp.3 Alain Portal / mtk Move example into proper EXAMPLE section. tty_ioctl.4 mtk / Petr Gajdos The features in the "Get and Set Window Size" subsection require the inclusion of . capabilities.7 Serge Hallyn, plus a bit of work by mtk Document file capabilities, per-process capability bounding set, changed semantics for CAP_SETPCAP, and other changes in 2.6.2[45]. Add CAP_MAC_ADMIN, CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_SETFCAP. Various smaller fixes. mtk, plus review by Serge Hallyn and Andrew Morgan Add text detailing how CAP_SETPCAP (theoretically) permits -- on pre-2.6.25 kernels, and 2.6.25 and later kernels with file capabilities disabled -- a thread to change the capability sets of another thread. Add section describing rules for programmatically adjusting thread capability sets. Add some words describing purpose of inheritable set. Note existence of CONFIG_SECURITY_CAPABILITIES config option. Describe rationale for capability bounding set. Document securebits flags (new in 2.6.26). Remove obsolete BUGS section. SEE ALSO: Add getcap(8), setcap(8), and various libcap pages. mtk Add text noting that if we set the effective flag for one file capability, then we must also set the effective flag for all other capabilities where the permitted or inheritable bit is set. mtk Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is no longer required for ioprio_set() to set IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE class. mtk Reword discussion of CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE to be file-system neutral. man-pages.7 mtk A list of standards in the CONFORMING TO list should be terminated by a period. The list of pages in a SEE ALSO list should not be terminated by a period. tcp.7 mtk Correct a detail for sysctl_tcp_adv_win_scale. Formatting fixes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.05 ==================== Released: 2008-07-23, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson Fabian Kreutz Franck Jousseaume Sam Varshavchik Uli Schlacter Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- matherr.3 mtk, with review by Andries Brouwer A description of the SVID-specified mechanism for reporting math exceptions. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/266. math_error.7 mtk, with review and suggested input from Andries Brouwer A description of how math functions report errors. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/249. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively. Various pages mtk For consistency with majority usage: s/plus infinity/positive infinity/ s/minus infinity/negative infinity/ Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- brk.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add end(3). open.2 Brian M. Carlson / mtk Remove ambiguity in description of support for O_EXCL on NFS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=491791. prctl.2 mtk Place options in some semblance of alphabetical order. (No content or formatting changes were made.) cerf.3 mtk Bump version number: these functions are still missing in glibc 2.8. fenv.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). INFINITY.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). nan.3 mtk Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece in SYNOPSIS. SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). rpc.3 mtk / Franck Jousseaume Fix errors introduced into a few prototypes when converting function declarations to use modern C prototypes in man-pages-2.75. ipv6.7 mtk, after a report from Uli Schlacter Document the IPV6_V6ONLY flag. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.06 ==================== Released: 2008-08-05, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Jaeger Andries Brouwer Fabian Kreutz Gernot Tenchio Sam Varshavchik Tolga Dalman Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- erfc.3 mtk Created after removing the erfc() material from erf.3. Documents the complementary error function. y0.3 mtk Created after removing the y*() material from j0.3. Documents the Bessel functions of the second kind. Included ERRORS section; noted that an exception is not raised on underflow, see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6806; and errno is not set on overflow, see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6808; Included BUGS section noting that errno is incorrectly set for pole error; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6807. scalbln.3 mtk Created after removing the scalbln*() and scalbn*() material from scalb.3. Documents scalbln() and scalbn() functions. Included ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803. New and changed links --------------------- erfcf.3 erfcl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new erfc.3 page. scalblnf.3 scalblnl.3 scalbn.3 scalbnf.3 scalbnl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new scalbln.3 page. y0f.3 y0l.3 y1.3 y1f.3 y1l.3 yn.3 ynf.3 ynl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new y0.3 page. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- crypt.3 mtk Tweak discuss text describing support for Blowfish. ctime.3 mtk / Gernot Tenchio Added some words to make clear that the string returned by ctime() and asctime() is null-terminated. math_error.7 Sam Varshavchik Reverse order of SYNOPSIS and NAME sections. mtk NOTES: Summarize the state of glibc support for exceptions and errno for error reporting. Changes to individual pages (math functions) -------------------------------------------- Almost all of the changes in this release relate to math man pages. Very many changes were made to the math pages, including: * Fixed feature test macros (FTMs). Often, the FTM requirements for the "float" and "long double" versions of a math function are different from the requirements for the "double" version. Each math page now shows the correct FTM requirements for all three versions of the function(s) it describes. This may have required either a change to the existing FTM text (if the requirements for the "double" function were already described), or the addition of an FTM description to a SYNOPSIS where one was not previously present (typically because the "double" version of the function does not require any FTMs to be defined). * CONFORMING TO: in many cases, POSIX.1-2001 was not mentioned. Where a function is specified in POSIX.1-2001, this is now noted. Also, statements about what other standards a function conforms to were generally clarified. (The wording about which functions conformed to C99 was previously often done as an add on sentence; now it is made part of the first sentence of the CONFORMING TO section, along with POSIX.1-2001.) * RETURN VALUE: in many cases, pages lacked descriptions of the return value when the function arguments are special values such as +0, -0, NaN (not-a-number), +infinity, -infinity, etc. This has been fixed. I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these functions match the RETURN VALUE descriptions (and the POSIX.1-2001 requirements). * ERRORS: many pages lacked a clear (or indeed any) description of how errno is set on error and what exception is raised for each error. This has been fixed. The ERRORS sections are now generally headed up as per the POSIX.1 way of doing things, describing Pole / Range / Domain errors, as applicable. I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these functions match the ERRORS descriptions. Deviations from POSIX.1-2001 requirements have been filed as glibc bug reports, and noted in the man pages. (The pages now describe the situation for ERRORS as at glibc 2.8; I may eventually try and extend the text with descriptions of changes in older versions of glibc.) NOTE: one point that has not been covered in any page is the circumstances that generate inexact (FE_INEXACT) exceptions. (The details for these exceptions are not specified in POSIX.1-2001, and I haven't gone looking for the standards that describe the details.) acos.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. acosh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. asin.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. asinh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atan.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atan2.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atanh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759. cbrt.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. ceil.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Enhanced. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. NOTES: Added some details. copysign.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Updated CONFORMING TO. cos.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780. Updated CONFORMING TO. cosh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. erf.3 mtk Removed the erfc() material (there is now a new erfc page). Reason: the functions are logically separate; also their return values differ, and it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6785. Updated CONFORMING TO. exp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6786. Updated CONFORMING TO. exp10.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for underflow; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6787. exp2.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Updated CONFORMING TO. expm1.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for overflow; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section, describing bogus underflow exception for -large, see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6778; and describing bogus invalid exception for certain +large, see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6814. fabs.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Updated CONFORMING TO. fdim.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6796. Updated CONFORMING TO. fenv.3 mtk Make style of writing exception names consistent with other pages and POSIX.1-2001. Updated CONFORMING TO. finite.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. floor.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Enhanced. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. fma.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801. Updated CONFORMING TO. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. fmod.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. fpclassify.3 mtk Minor wording changes. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. SEE ALSO: Add signbit(3). frexp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added details to RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. gamma.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added (null) RETURN VALUE section referring to tgamma(3). Added (null) ERRORS section referring to tgamma(3). CONFORMING TO: Rewrote. hypot.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: note that calculation is done without causing undue overflow or underflow. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6795. Updated CONFORMING TO. ilogb.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set, and in some cases an exception is not raised; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6794. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. isgreater.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer Improve the description of isunordered(). Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Formatting fixes. A few wording improvements. j0.3 mtk Removed material for the y*() functions to a separate y0.3 page. Reason: the return values and errors/exceptions differ, and it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6805. ldexp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Updated CONFORMING TO. lgamma.3 mtk Note that these functions are deprecated. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections referring to lgamma(3). Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777. log.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. log10.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. log1p.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6792. Updated CONFORMING TO. log2.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. logb.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added a little detail; some rewordings. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6793. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. lrint.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6798. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. lround.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6797. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. modf.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. nan.3 mtk Small wording changes. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. nextafter.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6799. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. pow.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776. remainder.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that remainder(nan(""), 0) wrongly causes a domain error; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6779 remquo.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801. Updated CONFORMING TO. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. fmod.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. fpclassify.3 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. rint.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading). CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. NOTES: point out that lrint() may be preferred in some cases. round.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading). CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. NOTES: point out that lround() may be preferred in some cases. scalb.3 mtk Removed the scalbn() and scalbln() material to a separate scalbln.3 page. Reason: scalb() is obsolete; also the exception/error conditions differ somewhat, so that it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: some rewrites and added details. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6804. CONFORMING TO: Rewrote. signbit.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. sin.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781. Updated CONFORMING TO. sincos.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. sinh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. sqrt.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. tan.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782. Updated CONFORMING TO. tanh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. tgamma.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set / incorrectly set in some cases; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6809 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6810. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added NOTES section to hold text explaining origin of tgamma(). trunc.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: small rewording. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added NOTES section explaining that result may be too large to store in an integer type. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.07 ==================== Released: 2008-08-12, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Christoph Lameter Cliff Wickman Fabian Kreutz Filippo Santovito Gerrit Renker Heikki Orsila Khalil GHORBAL Lee Schermerhorn Maxin John Reuben Thomas Samuel Thibault Sam Varshavchik Soh Kam Yung Stephane Chazelas Pavel Heimlich Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- move_pages.2 Christoph Lameter, various edits and improvements by mtk Documentation of the move_pages() system call. This page was formerly part of the numactl package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface). clock_getcpuclockid.3 mtk New page documenting the clock_getcpuclockid() library function, available since glibc 2.2. udplite.7 Gerrit Renker Document the Linux implementation of the UDP-Lite protocol, new in Linux 2.6.20. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- proc.5 Christoph Lameter, minor edits and improvements by mtk Documentation of the /proc/PID/numa_maps file. This material was formerly the numa_maps.5 page in the numactl package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface). Global changes -------------- nanosleep.2 inet_ntop.3 inet_pton.3 scanf.3 initrd.4 mtk Fix mis-ordered (.SH) sections. connect.2 socket.2 rtnetlink.3 arp.7 ddp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 netlink.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 socket.7 tcp.7 udp.7 unix.7 x25.7 mtk s/PF_/AF_/ for socket family constants. Reasons: the AF_ and PF_ constants have always had the same values; there never has been a protocol family that had more than one address family, and POSIX.1-2001 only specifies the AF_* constants. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 mtk The floating-point environment is reset to the default during an execve(). get_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn Misc cleanup of get_mempolicy(2): + mention that any mode flags will be saved with mode. I don't bother to document mode flags here because we already have a pointer to set_mempolicy(2) for more info on memory policy. mode flags are discussed there. + remove some old, obsolete [IMO] NOTES and 'roff comments. Lee Schermerhorn Update the get_mempolicy(2) man page to add in the description of the MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED flag, added in 2.6.23. mtk Document additional EINVAL error that occurs is MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED is specified with either MPOL_F_ADDR or MPOL_F_NODE. getitimer.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks getitimer() and setitimer() obsolete. mbind.2 Lee Schermerhorn Fix error conditions, now that the kernel silently ignores nodes outside the task's cpuset, as long as one valid node remains. Now that cpuset man page exists, we can refer to it. Remove stale comment regarding lack thereof. Lee Schermerhorn Add brief discussion of mode flags. Lee Schermerhorn Attempt to clarify discussion of MPOL_DEFAULT. mtk Fix URI reference for libnuma. mprotect.2 mtk / Maxin John Remove EFAULT from errors. Under ENOMEM error, note that EFAULT was the error produced in some cases for kernels before 2.4.19. msgctl.2 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. set_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn Fix up the error return for nodemask containing nodes disallowed by the process' current cpuset. Disallowed nodes are now silently ignored, as long as the nodemask contains at least one node that is on-line, allowed by the process' cpuset and has memory. Now that we have a cpuset man page, we can refer to cpusets directly in the man page text. Lee Schermerhorn Another attempt to rationalize description of MPOL_DEFAULT. Since ~2.6.25, the system default memory policy is "local allocation". MPOL_DEFAULT itself is a request to remove any non-default policy and "fall back" to the surrounding context. Try to say that without delving into implementation details. Lee Schermerhorn Add discussion of mempolicy mode flags to set_mempolicy(2). This adds another reason for EINVAL. setpgid.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks setpgrp() obsolete. semctl.2 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. shmctl.2 Filippo Santovito / mtk In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. utime.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks utime() obsolete. CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the POSIX.1-2001 LEGACY marking of utimes(), so mention of this point has been removed from the page. vfork.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of vfork(). atan2.3 Fabian Kreutz SEE ALSO Add carg(3). bcmp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bcmp(). bsd_signal.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification ofcw bsd_signal(). bzero.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bzero(). cexp2.3 mtk AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc as at version 2.8. clock_getres.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3). clog2.3 mtk AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc as at version 2.8. ctime.3 mtk POSIX.1-2008 marks asctime(), asctime_r(), ctime(), and ctime_r() as obsolete. dprintf.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: These functions are nowadays in POSIX.1-2008. ecvt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of ecvt() and fcvt(). ftime.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ftime(). ftw.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ftw() as obsolete. gcvt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gcvt(). getcwd.3 Reuben Thomas / mtk Clarify description of getcwd() for buf==NULL case; CONFORMING TO: According to POSIX.1, the behavior of getcwd() is unspecified for the buf==NULL case. mtk Add an introductory paragraph giving an overview of what these functions do. Fix error in description of getwd(): it does not truncate the pathname; rather, it gives an error if the pathname exceeds PATH_MAX bytes. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Add EINVAL ENAMETOOLONG errors for getwd(). Various other clarifications and wording fixes. CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2001 does not define any errors for getwd(). CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getwd(). gethostbyname.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and h_errno. gets.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gets(). iconv.3 iconv_close.3 iconv_open.3 mtk VERSIONS: These functions are available in glibc since version 2.1. index.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of index() and rindex(). isalpha.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks isalpha() as obsolete. makecontext.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of makecontext() and swapcontext(). memchr.3 mtk VERSIONS: memrchr() since glibc 2.2; rawmemchr() since glibc 2.1. mempcpy.3 mtk VERSIONS: mempcpy() since glibc 2.1. mktemp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of mktemp(). opendir.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies fdopendir(). rand.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks rand_r() as obsolete. siginterrupt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks siginterrupt() as obsolete. sigset.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks sighold(), sigignore(), sigpause(), sigrelse(), and sigset() as obsolete. strchr.3 mtk VERSIONS: strchrnul() since glibc 2.1.1. tempnam.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tempnam() as obsolete. tmpnam.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tmpnam() as obsolete. toascii.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks toascii() as obsolete. ualarm.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ualarm(). ulimit.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ulimit() as obsolete. usleep.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of usleep(). standards.7 mtk Updated details for POSIX.1-2008, and noted that if POSIX.1-2001 is listed in the CONFORMING TO section of a man page, then the reader can assume that the interface is also specified in POSIX.1-2008, unless otherwise noted. time.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3). udp.7 mtk SEE ALSO: add udplite(7). Changes to individual pages (math functions) -------------------------------------------- Various changes here following on from the big update to the math pages in the previous release. Test results going back glibc 2.3.2 (so far) allowed updates to various pages to note changes in historical behavior for error reporting by math functions. Thanks to the following people for providing me with test results on various distributions and glibc versions: Alain Portal, Andries Brouwer, Fabian Kreutz, Heikki Orsila, Khalil GHORBAL, Pavel Heimlich, Reuben Thomas, Samuel Thibault, Soh Kam Yung, and Stephane Chazelas cabs.3 cacos.3 cacosh.3 carg.3 casin.3 casinh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 ccos.3 ccosh.3 cexp.3 cimag.3 clog.3 clog10.3 conj.3 cpow.3 cproj.3 creal.3 csin.3 csinh.3 csqrt.3 ctan.3 ctanh.3 exp10.3 exp2.3 fdim.3 fenv.3 fma.3 fmax.3 fmin.3 log2.3 lrint.3 lround.3 nan.3 pow10.3 remquo.3 round.3 scalbln.3 sincos.3 tgamma.3 trunc.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section noting that these functions first appeared in glibc in version 2.1. cosh.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.3.4 and earlier, an FE_OVERFLOW exception is not raised when an overflow occurs. fenv.3 mtk / Fabian Kreuz Provide more detail in the description of rounding modes. Add text describing FLT_ROUNDS (formerly in fma.3). Add BUGS section pointing out the FLT_ROUNDS does not reflect changes by fesetround(). fma.3 mtk Remove text about FLT_ROUNDS, replacing with a cross-reference to fenv(3). fpclassify.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: Note that the standards provide a weaker guarantee for the return value of isinf(). log.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier, log(nan("")) produces a bogus FE_INVALID exception. lround.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. nextafter.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier these functions do not raise an FE_UNDERFLOW exception on underflow. pow.3 mtk BUGS: described buggy NaN return when x is negative and y is large. See also: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3866. BUGS: Note the bogus FE_INVALID exception that occurred in glibc 2.3.2 and earlier on overflow and underflow. remainder.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. round.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. scalb.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of scalb(). tgamma.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.3.3, tgamma(+-0) produced a domain error instead of a pole error. y0.3 mtk In glibc 2.3.2 and earlier, these functions do not raise an FE_INVALID exception for a domain error. math_error.7 mtk Rewrite introductory paragraph. Point out that a NaN is commonly returned by functions that report a domain error. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.08 ==================== Released: 2008-08-27, Zurich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Gerrit Renker Li Zefan Mike Bianchi Sam Varshavchik Venkatesh Srinivas Vijay Kumar Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getnetent_r.3 mtk Documents getnetent_r(), getnetbyname_r(), and getnetbyaddr_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getnetent(), getnetbyname(), and getnetbyaddr(). getprotoent_r.3 mtk Documents getprotoent_r(), getprotobyname_r(), and getprotobynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getprotoent(), getprotobyname(), and getprotobynumber(). getrpcent_r.3 mtk Documents getrpcent_r(), getrpcbyname_r(), and getrpcbynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getrpcent(), getrpcbyname(), and getrpcbynumber(). getservent_r.3 mtk Documents getservent_r(), getservbyname_r(), and getservbyport_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getservent(), getservbyname(), and getservbyport(). numa.7 mtk A new page giving overview details for the Linux NUMA interfaces. Incorporates some material from mbind.2, and the description of /proc/PID/numa_maps from proc.5. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- crypt.3 mtk Add description of crypt_r(). New and changed links --------------------- crypt.3 mtk New link to crypt.3. getnetbyname_r.3 getnetbyaddr_r.3 mtk New links to new getnetent_r.3. getprotobyname_r.3 getprotobynumber_r.3 mtk New links to new getprotoent_r.3. getrpcbyname_r.3 getrpcbynumber_r.3 mtk New links to new getrpcent_r.3. getservbyname_r.3 getservbyport_r.3 mtk New links to new getservent_r.3. numa_maps.5 mtk Link to new numa(7) page, which incorporates the /proc/PID/numa_maps description. As part of the numactl() package, the /proc/PID/numa_maps documentation was in a numa_maps.5 page; this link ensures that "man 5 numa_maps" still works. (Eventually, we may want to remove this link.) Global changes -------------- get_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 move_pages.2 set_mempolicy.2 mtk Add reference to numa(7) for information on library support. Added a VERSIONS section. SEE ALSO: Add numa(7). faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 linkat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 unlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 psignal.3 strsignal.3 mtk These interfaces are specified in POSIX.1-2008. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- eventfd.2 Vijay Kumar When an eventfd overflows, select() indicates the file as both readable and writable (not as having an exceptional condition). fcntl.2 mtk F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008. getrlimit.2 mtk NOTES: Add text mentioning the shell 'ulimit' (or 'limit') built-in command for setting resource limits. gettimeofday.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks gettimeofday() as obsolete. link.2 mtk Note kernel version where Linux stopped following symbolic links in 'oldpath'; see also http://lwn.net/Articles/294667. POSIX.1-2008 makes it implementation-dependent whether or not 'oldpath' is dereferenced if it is a symbolic link. Add a reference to linkat(2) for an interface that allows precise control of the treatment of symbolic links. mbind.2 mtk Remove material on library support and numactl; that material is now in numactl.7. mmap.2 mtk Add kernel version numbers for MAP_32BIT. Add some details on MAP_32BIT (see http://lwn.net/Articles/294642). move_pages.2 mtk Added VERSIONS (from kernel 2.6.18) and CONFORMING TO sections. open.2 mtk O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008. socket.2 mtk s/d/domain/ for name of argument. Add reference to socket(2) for further information on domain, type, and protocol arguments. utimensat.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies utimensat() and futimens(). dirfd.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; other minor changes. exec.3 mtk Small rewording: "s/returned/failed with/ [an error]". fmemopen.3 mtk Since glibc 2.7, it is possible to seek past the end of a stream created by open_memstream(). Add a BUGS section describing the bug in earlier glibc versions. gethostbyname.3 mtk Clarify exactly which functions are obsoleted by getnameinfo() and getaddrinfo(). getnetent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk In glibc 2.2, the type of the 'net' argument for getnetbyaddr() changed from 'long' to 'uint32_t'. mtk Note that the gethostbyaddr() 'net' argument is in host byte order. mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getnetent_r.3. getprotoent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getprotoent_r.3. getrpcent.3 mtk s/rpc/RPC/. Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getrpcent_r.3. getservent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getservent_r.3. mkdtemp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: this function is specified in POSIX.1-2008. mq_notify.3 Venkatesh Srinivas s/sigev_notify_function/sigev_thread_function/ as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=494956. realpath.3 mtk Relocate text for resolved_path==NULL case to DESCRIPTION. POSIX.1-2001 leaves the resolved_path==NULL case as implementation-defined; POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior described in this man page. sem_init.3 mtk POSIX.1-2008 rectifies the POSIX.1-2001 omission, specifying that zero is returned by a successful sem_init() call. core.5 Mike Bianchi / mtk Make the page more helpful to non-programmers by referencing the documentation of the shell's 'ulimit' command in the discussion of RLIMIT_CORE and RLIMIT_FSIZE. SEE ALSO: Add bash(1). mtk Note that a core dump file can be used in a debugger. proc.5 mtk Remove /proc/PID/numa_maps material (it is now in numa(7)). cpuset.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add numa(7). inotify.7 mtk / Li Zefan Explain bug that occurred in coalescing identical events in kernels before 2.6.25. (See commit 1c17d18e3775485bf1e0ce79575eb637a94494a2 "A potential bug in inotify_user.c" in the 2.6.25 Changelog.) pthreads.7 mtk Update thread-safe functions list with changes in POSIX.1-2008. SEE ALSO: add proc(5). signal.7 mtk Update list of async-signal-safe functions for POSIX.1-2008. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.09 ==================== Released: 2008-09-10, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bernd Eckenfels Bruno Haible Carsten Emde Christopher Head H. Peter Anvin Jan Engelhardt Joe Korty Marko Kreen Martin (Joey) Schulze Mats Wichmann Michael Schurter Mike Bianchi Mike Frysinger Sam Varshavchik Suka Timothy S. Nelson Tolga Dalman Török Edwin Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- fopencookie.3 mtk Document fopencookie(3), a library function that allows custom implementation of a stdio stream. networks.5 Martin (Joey) Schulze, with a few light edits by mtk Documents the /etc/networks file. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/time zone/timezone/ for consistency across pages and with POSIX.1. kill.2 sigaction.2 sigpending.2 sigprocmask.2 sigsuspend.2 confstr.3 ctermid.3 ctime.3 ferror.3 flockfile.3 fopen.3 getaddrinfo.3 getgrnam.3 getnameinfo.3 getopt.3 getpwnam.3 longjmp.3 popen.3 rand.3 readdir.3 setjmp.3 sigsetops.3 sigwait.3 strtok.3 tzset.3 unlocked_stdio.3 mtk Add/fix feature test macro requirements. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 mtk, after a note by Mike Bianchi More clearly and consistently describe whether or not the third argument to fcntl() is required, and what its type should be. mtk Move description of negative l_len from NOTES, integrating it into the discussion of file locking. Minor rewrites of the text on file locking. getrusage.2 Bernd Eckenfels SEE ALSO: Add clock(3), clock_gettime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475 ioctl_list.2 mtk Remove old sentence about where to send updates for this page. Add more detail on mount options that prevent updates to atime. sched_setscheduler.2 Carsten Emde Update kernel version numbers relating to real-time support. stat.2 H. Peter Anvin Note that lstat() will generally not trigger automounter action, whereas stat() will. clock.3 Bernd Eckenfels SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475 clock_getres.3 Tolga Dalman / mtk Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS; remove now redundant sentence mentioning librt from NOTES. getdate.3 mtk Rewrite description of getdate_r() and integrate into main text (rather than describing in NOTES). Other parts rewritten for greater clarity. Make it clearer in the main text that glibc does not implement %Z; remove discussion of that point from NOTES. Added an example program. hsearch.3 mtk Noted that table size as specified by 'nel' is immutable. Described differences between hsearch() and hsearch_r(). Added missing pieces to RETURN VALUE. Added a number of new entries under ERRORS. NOTES: added some basic advice on sizing the hash table; noted that when a table is destroyed, the caller is responsible for freeing the buffers pointed to by 'key' and 'data' fields. One of the BUGS was fixed in glibc 2.3. Rewrote and clarified various other pieces. Rename arguments for reentrant functions, using same name as glibc headers: s/ret/retval/; s/tab/htab/. mtk, after a suggestion by Timothy S. Nelson Integrate discussion of reentrant functions into main discussion (rather than as a short paragraph at the end). iconv.3 Bruno Haible Describe "shift sequence" input. ptsname.3 sukadev Fix return type of ptsname_r() in SYNOPSIS. readdir.3 H. Peter Anvin s/stat(2)/lstat(2)/ when discussing d_type (since we are talking about a case where we might be interested to whether the file itself is a symbolic link). sigsetops.3 Chris Head, signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger Fix typo: s/sigdelset/sigorset/ proc.5 Mats Wichmann / mtk s/\[number]/[pid]/ in file names for /proc/PID files. And similar changes for task/[tid] sub-directories. mtk / Mats Wichmann In the description if /proc/[pid]/environ, remove reference to lilo(8)/grub(8) since there seems to be nothing in those pages that related to this /proc file. Michael Schurter / mtk Remove sentence wrongly saying that /proc/meminfo reports info in bytes; see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462969 mtk Note that /proc/meminfo reports system-wide memory usage statistics. Joe Korty Document new fields in /proc/interrupts that were added in Linux 2.6.24. unix.7 Marko Kreen Since glibc 2.8, _GNU_SOURCE must be defined in order to get the definition of the ucred structure from . ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.10 ==================== Released: 2008-09-23, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: André Goddard Rosa George Spelvin Pavel Heimlich Sam Varshavchik John Reiser Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- closedir.3 dirfd.3 readdir.3 rewinddir.3 scandir.3 seekdir.3 telldir.3 mtk Fix 'dir' argument name: should be 'dirp'. POSIX.1-2008 and glibc call this argument 'dirp' (consistent with the fact that it is a *pointer* to a DIR structure). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser Clarify text describing getpid() caching bug for clone() wrapper. See also: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6910 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=417521 getpid.2 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser Describe getpid()'s PID caching and its consequences. timerfd_create.2 Sam Varshavchik s/it_interval/it_value/ when talking about TIMERFD_ABSTIME. closedir.3 George Spelvin Clarify closedir()'s treatment of underlying file descriptor. tsearch.3 André Goddard Rosa Fix memory leak in example program. Add use of tdestroy to example program. mtk Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to example program. protocols.5 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages services.5 mtk Remove some out-of-date bugs. mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages and Bind/Hesiod docs. mtk Remove crufty text about use of comma instead of slash to separate port and protocol. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.11 ==================== Released: 2008-10-07, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: André Goddard Rosa Eugene V. Lyubimkin Gergely Soos Kirill A. Shutemov Marko Kreen Maxin B. John Maxin John Michael Kerrisk Nicolas François Pavel Heimlich Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Create a new page for umount() and umount2() by extracting existing material from mount.2 page. New and changed links --------------------- umount2.2 Michael Kerrisk Change link to point to new umount.2 The umount2() material migrated from mount.2 to umount.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 Michael Kerrisk _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer necessarily constant POSIX.1-2001 says that the values returned by sysconf() are constant for the life of the process. But the fact that, since Linux 2.6.23, ARG_MAX is settable via RLIMIT_STACK means _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer constant, since it can change at each execve(). Michael Kerrisk Linux now imposes a floor on the ARG_MAX limit Starting with Linux 2.6.23, the ARG_MAX limit became settable via (1/4 of) RLIMIT_STACK. This broke ABI compatibility if RLIMIT_STACK was set such that ARG_MAX was < 32 pages. Document the fact that since 2.6.25 Linux imposes a floor on ARG_MAX, so that the old limit of 32 pages is guaranteed. For some background on the changes to ARG_MAX in kernels 2.6.23 and 2.6.25, see: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5786 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10095 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/646709/focus=648101, checked into 2.6.25 as commit a64e715fc74b1a7dcc5944f848acc38b2c4d4ee2. Also some reordering/rewording of the discussion of ARG_MAX. fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk Note lack of glibc wrapper; caller must use syscall(2) Glibc doesn't (and quite probably won't) include a wrapper for this system call. Therefore, point out that potential callers will need to use syscall(2), and rewrite the RETURN VALUE text to show things as they would be if syscall() is used. Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to posix_fallocate(3) for portable interface Add a para to start of page that points out that this is the low-level, Linux-specific API, and point the reader to posix_fallocate(3) for the portable API. getdents.2 readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk d_type is currently only supported on ext[234] As at kernel 2.6.27, only ext[234] support d_type. On other file systems, d_type is always set to DT_UNKNOWN (0). getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk Add an example program Michael Kerrisk comment out linux_dirent fields with varying location The location of the fields after d_name varies according to the size of d_name. We can't properly declare them in C; therefore, put those fields inside a comment. Michael Kerrisk The DT_* constants are defined in Michael Kerrisk Remove header files from SYNOPSIS None of the header files provides what is needed. Calls are made via syscall(2). Michael Kerrisk The programmer must define the linux_dirent structure Point out that this structure is not defined in glibc headers. Michael Kerrisk s/dirent/linux_dirent/ The structure isn't currently defined in glibc headers, and the kernel name of the structure is 'linux_dirent' (as was already used in some, but not all, places in this page). getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Reword/relocate discussion of BSD's historical RLIMIT_OFILE The old sentence sat on its own in an odd place, and anyway the modern BSDs use the name RLIMIT_NOFILE. Michael Kerrisk Refer to execve(2) for RLIMIT_STACK's effect on ARG_MAX Refer the reader to new text in execve(2) that describes how (since Linux 2.6.23) RLIMIT_STACK determines the value of ARG_MAX. getrusage.2 Michael Kerrisk Rusage measures are preserved across execve(2) mlock.2 Maxin John Add EAGAIN error. move_pages.2 Nicolas François Make a detail of EPERM error more precise mount.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of per-process namespaces Describe per-process namespaces, including discussion of clone() and unshare CLONE_NEWNS, and /proc/PID/mounts. Michael Kerrisk List a few other file systems that we may see in /proc/filesystems Add some modern file systems to that list (xfs, jfs, ext3, reiserfs). Michael Kerrisk Document MS_SILENT (and MS_VERBOSE) mount.2 umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Split umount*() out into a separate page The length of this page means that it's becoming difficult to parse which info is specific to mount() versus umount()/umount2(), so split the umount material out into its own page. pause.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of words "library function" This really is a system call. readdir.2 Michael Kerrisk The programmer must declare the old_linux_dirent structure Glibc does not provide a definition of this structure. Michael Kerrisk s/dirent/old_linux_dirent/ Nowadays, this is the name of the structure in the kernel sources. Michael Kerrisk Remove words "which may change" These words are slightly bogus: although the interface is obsolete, for ABI-compatibility reasons, the kernel folk should never be changing this interface. Michael Kerrisk Remove header files from SYNOPSIS glibc doesn't provide any support for readdir(2), so remove these header files (which otherwise suggest that glibc does provide the required pieces). recv.2 Nicolas François Move kernel version number to first mention to MSG_ERRQUEUE. semop.2 Kirill A. Shutemov Fix typo in example (The '&' before sop in the semop() call is unneeded.) send.2 Michael Kerrisk Make kernel version for MSG_CONFIRM more precise s/2.3+ only/Since Linux 2.3.15/ sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to signal(7) for an overview of signals Explain semantics of signal disposition during fork() and execve() Refer to signal(7) for more details on signal mask. sigaltstack.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain inheritance of alternate signal stack across fork(2) sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Distinguish per-thread and process-wide signals A sentence clarifying that pending signal set is union of per-thread and process-wide pending signal sets. Michael Kerrisk These interfaces have per-thread semantics The page was previously fuzzy about whether the these interfaces have process-wide or per-thread semantics. (E.g., now the page states that the calling *thread* (not process) is suspended until the signal is delivered.) sigpending.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain effect of fork() and execve() for pending signal set Michael Kerrisk Explain how thread's pending signal set is defined The pending set is the union of per-thread pending signals and process-wide pending signals. sigprocmask.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain effects of fork() and execve() for signal mask splice.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that SPLICE_F_MOVE is a no-op since kernel 2.6.21 syscall.2 Michael Kerrisk Add more detail about wrapper functions Add a few more details about work generally done by wrapper functions. Note that syscall(2) performs the same steps. tkill.2 Michael Kerrisk EINVAL error can also occur for invalid TGID The EINVAL error on an invalid TGID for tgkill() was not documented; this change documents it. utimensat.2 Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1-2008 revision will likely affect FTMs for futimens() Make it clear that the POSIX.1 revision that is likely to affect the feature test macro requirements for futimens() is POSIX.1-2008. Nicolas François Make various wordings a little more precise. The times argument point to *an array of* structures, and the man-page should say that consistently. wait4.2 Michael Kerrisk wait3() is a library function layered on wait4(). On Linux wait3() is a library function implemented on top of wait4(). (Knowing this is useful when using strace(2), for example.) atan2.3 Nicolas François Fix error in description of range or return value In recent changes to the man page, mtk accidentally changed the description of the return value range to -pi/2..pi/2; the correct range is -pi..pi. cmsg.3 Nicolas François Add parentheses after macro names. ctime.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify mktime()'s use of tm_isdst Describe use of tm_isdst for input to mktime(); explain how mktime() modifies this field. (This field is left unchanged in case of error.) http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=500178 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording for ctime_r() and asctime_r() to indicate that the buffer must be at least 26 *bytes*. Michael Kerrisk Minor rewording of mktime() description. floor.3 Nicolas François floor.3: Fix error in description: s/smallest/largest/ hsearch.3 André Goddard Rosa Call hdestroy() after using hash table created by hcreate(), for the sake of completeness mq_getattr.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are layered on mq_getsetattr(2) mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are library functions layered on top of the mq_getsetattr(2) system call. (This is useful info for users of strace(1).) mq_receive.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedreceive() syscall This info is useful for users of strace(1). mq_send.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedsend() syscall This info is useful for users of strace(1). nextafter.3 Nicolas François Make description more precise: s/next/largest/ readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getdents(2) Because readdir() is implemented on top of getdents(2). realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that returned pathname is NULL terminated Also clarify that null-byte is included in PATH_MAX limit. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite and simplify description of /proc/mounts Most of the relevant discussion is now under /proc/PID/mounts; all that needs to be here is a mention of the pre-2.4.19 system-wide namespace situation, and a reference to the discussion under /proc/PID/mounts. Michael Kerrisk Add description of /proc/PID/mounts Largely cribbed from existing /proc/mounts discussion, which is about to be rewritten. mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Add mq_notify() to list of lib. functions and syscalls in MQ API signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Improve description in NAME section Add mention of sigaltstack(2). Describe syscalls that synchronously wait for a signal, Give overview of syscalls that block until a signal is caught Add overview of interfaces for sending signals. Michael Kerrisk Describe semantics w.r.t. fork() and execve() Include text describing semantics of fork() and execve() for signal dispositions, signal mask, and pending signal set. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.12 ==================== Released: 2008-10-29, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bert Wesarg Christian Grigis Christoph Hellwig Didier Halesh S J.H.M. Dassen (Ray) Jason Spiro Lefteris Dimitroulakis Michael B. Trausch Pierre Cazenave Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_attr_init.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_init(3) and pthread_attr_destroy(3) pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3) and pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3) pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setguardsize(3) and pthread_attr_getguardsize(3) pthread_attr_setscope.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setscope(3) and pthread_attr_getscope(3) pthread_attr_setstack.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstack(3) and pthread_attr_getstack(3) pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3) and pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3) pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) and pthread_attr_getstacksize(3) pthread_create.3 Michael Kerrisk New page describing pthread_create(3) pthread_detach.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_detach(3) pthread_equal.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_equal(3) pthread_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk New page describing pthread_exit(3) pthread_getattr_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_getattr_np(3) pthread_join.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_join(3) pthread_self.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_self(3) pthread_tryjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_tryjoin_np(3) and pthread_timedjoin_np(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- dup.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of dup3() dup3() was added in kernel 2.6.27. epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of new epoll_create1() The new epoll_create1() system call appeared in Linux 2.6.27. eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe eventfd2() and EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC Linux 2.6.27 added eventfd(), which supports a flags argument that eventfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented are EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC, inotify_init.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of inotify_init1() The inotify_init1() system call was added in Linux 2.6.27. pipe.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of new pipe2() syscall pipe2() was added in 2.6.27. Describe the O_NONBLOCK and O_CLOEXEC flags. signalfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe signalfd4() and SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC Linux 2.6.27 added signalfd4(), which supports a flags argument that signalfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented are SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC. New and changed links --------------------- dup3.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to dup.2 dup.2 now contains the description of the new dup3() syscall. epoll_create1.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to epoll_create.2 epoll_create.2 now includes a description of the new epoll_create1() system call. eventfd2.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to eventfd.2 The eventfd.2 page has some details on the eventfd2() system call, which was new in Linux 2.6.27. inotify_init1.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to inotify_init.2 inotify_init.2 now includes a description of the new inotify_init1() system call. pipe2.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to pipe.2 pipe(2) now contains a description of the new pipe2() syscall. pthread_attr_destroy.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_init.3 pthread_attr_getdetachstate.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 pthread_attr_getguardsize.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 pthread_attr_getscope.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setscope.3 pthread_attr_getstack.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstack.3 pthread_attr_getstackaddr.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 pthread_attr_getstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 pthread_timedjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_tryjoin_np.3 signalfd4.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to signalfd.2 signalfd.2 now includes text describing signalfd4() system call, new in Linux 2.6.27. Global changes -------------- eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strtol.3, core.5 Michael Kerrisk Add ".SS Program source" to EXAMPLE Add ".SS Program source" to clearly distinguish shell session and descriptive text from actual program code. eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Format user input in shell sessions in boldface frexp.3, strftime.3, strtok.3 Michael Kerrisk Relocate shell session above example program Move the shell session text that demonstrates the use of the example program so that it precedes the actual example program. This makes the page consistent with the majority of other pages. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Say more about unused epoll_create() 'size' arg Supply a little more explanation about why the 'size' argument of epoll_create() is nowadays ignored. eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty text relating to flags argument Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older eventfd() system call. getdents.2 Christoph Hellwig Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type', returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support. Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to support this. getpeername.2, getsockname.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and unix(7) getsockopt.2 Michael Kerrisk EINVAL can also occur if 'optval' is invalid In some cases, EINVAL can occur if 'optval' is invalid. Note this, and point reader to an example in ip(7). In response to: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092 inotify_init.2, pipe.2, timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify *_NONBLOCK description Make it clear that the NONBLOCK flag sets an attribute in the new open file description. sched_yield.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite description in terms of threads The text formerly described the operation of sched_yield() in terms of processes. It should be in terms of threads. Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES text on appropriate use of sched_yield() Strategic calls to sched_yield() can be used to improve performance, but unnecessary use should be avoided. sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that sa_mask affects the *per-thread* signal mask The page didn't previously clearly explain the scope of the signal mask that is affected by sa_mask. signalfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty text relating to flags argument Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older signalfd() system call. sigprocmask.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that sigprocmask() operates on a per-thread mask The first sentence of the page was vague on the scope of the attribute changed by sigprocmask(). Reword to make this clearer and add a sentence in NOTES to explicitly state that the signal mask is a per-thread attribute. socket.2 Michael Kerrisk Document SOCK_NONBLOCK and SOCK_CLOEXEC flags These flags, specified in the 'type' argument, are supported since Linux 2.6.27. socketpair.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer to socket(2) for SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK Refer the reader to socket(2) for a description of the SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags, which are supported by socketpair() since Linux 2.6.27. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add new 2.6.27 system calls Add pipe2(), dup3(), epoll_create1(), inotify_init1(), eventfd2(), signalfd4(). timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Document timerfd_create() TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK are supported since LInux 2.6.27. vfork.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify meaning of "child releases the parent's memory" The man page was not explicit about how the memory used by the child is released back to the parent. ctime.3 Michael Kerrisk ctime_r() and localtime_r() need not set 'timezone' and 'daylight' The man page already noted that these functions need not set 'tzname', but things could be clearer: it tzset() is not called, then the other two variables also are not set. Also, clarify that ctime() does set 'timezone' and 'daylight'. dlopen.3 Michael Kerrisk LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected once, at program start-up Make it clear that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected *once*, at program start-up. (Verified from source and by experiment.) fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Document binary mode (mode 'b') Glibc 2.9 adds support to fmemopen() for binary mode opens. Binary mode is specified by inclusion of the letter 'b' in the 'mode' argument. getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify error descriptions with some examples Clarify the description of some errors by giving examples that produce the errors. (Text added for EAI_SERVICE and EAI_SOCKTYPE.) Also, add an error case for EAI_BADFLAGS. gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Rationalize text on POSIX.1-2001 obsolete interfaces POSIX.1 marks gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and 'h_errno' as obsolete. The man page explained this, but with some duplication. Remove the duplication, and otherwise tidy up discussion of this point. popen.3 Michael Kerrisk Change one-line description in NAME s%process I/O%pipe stream to or from a process% Michael Kerrisk Document 'e' (close-on-exec) flag glibc 2.9 implements the 'e' flag in 'type', which sets the close-on-exec flag on the underlying file descriptor. raise.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add pthread_kill(3) readdir.3 Christoph Hellwig Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support (This mirrors the previous change to getdents.2) Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type', returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support. Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to support this. strcpy.3 Jason Spiro Strengthen warning about checking against buffer overruns http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=413940 tty_ioctl.4 Michael Kerrisk Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS, and describe changes in 2.6.10 relating to capabilities. Michael Kerrisk Explain capability requirements for various ioctls For TIOCSLCKTRMIOS, TIOCSCTTY, TIOCEXCL, explain the exact capability that is required (the text formerly just said "root" in each case). proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max Defines the system-wide limit on the number of threads (tasks). utmp.5 Pierre Cazenave It is just "other" who should not have write perms on utmp The page was vague before, saying that utmp should not be writable by any user. This isn't true: it can be, and typically is, writable by user and group. epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention epoll_create1() as part of epoll API epoll_create1() was added in Linux 2.6.27, and extends the functionality of epoll_create(). inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention inotify_init1() in overview of API Discuss the new inotify_init1() system call in the overview of the inotify API. ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Detail EINVAL error for IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP socket option In response to: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092 iso_8859-7.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis Add Drachma, Euro, and Greek Ypogegrammeni Also, amend description of characters 0241 and 0242. man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Example shell sessions should have user input boldfaced pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Describe return value from pthreads functions Describe the usual success (0) and failure (non-zero) returns, and note that POSIX.1-2001 specifies that pthreads functions can never fail with the error EINTR. signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Timeouts make socket interfaces non-restartable If setsockopt() is used to set a timeout on a socket(), then the various socket interfaces are not automatically restarted, even if SA_RESTART is specified when establishing the signal handler. Analogous behavior occurs for the "stop signals" case. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add unix(7) ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Document LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS Drawing heavily on Jakub Jelinek's description in http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2003-11/msg00127.html (Subject: [PATCH] Support LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS) --inhibit-rpath is ignored for setuid/setgid ld.so The --inhibit-rpath option is ignored if ld.so is setuid/setgid (not if the executable is setuid/setgid). Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_ORIGIN_PATH Michael Kerrisk Fix description of LD_PROFILE and LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT Clarify that LD_PROFILE is pathname or a soname, and identify name of profiling output file. Fix description of LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT, which wasn't even close to the truth. (But why did it remain unfixed for so many years?) Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK Michael Kerrisk Since version 2.3.5, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_SHOW_AUXV Michael Kerrisk Reorder lists of LD_* environment variables alphabetically Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DEBUG ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.13 ==================== Released: 2008-11-07, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bert Wesarg Karsten Weiss Lefteris Dimitroulakis Olaf van der Spek Sam Varshavchik Török Edwin Ulrich Mueller Valdis Kletnieks Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(3) pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setschedparam(3) and pthread_attr_getschedparam(3) pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3) and pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3) pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_getaffinity_np(3) pthread_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setschedparam(3) and pthread_getschedparam(3) pthread_setschedprio.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setschedprio(3) New and changed links --------------------- pthread_attr_getaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_attr_getschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 pthread_getaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_getschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setschedparam.3 Global changes -------------- pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_getattr_np.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_tryjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Explain _np suffix Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np" suffix is because these functions are non-portable. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched_getcpu(3) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add pthread_setaffinity_np(3) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify EINVAL error for cpusetsize < kernel mask size For sched_setaffinity(), the EINVAL error that occurs if 'cpusetsize' is smaller than the kernel CPU set size only occurs with kernels before 2.6.9. vfork.2 Michael Kerrisk Child holds parent's memory until execve() or *termination* The page was phrased in a few places to describe the child as holding the parent's memory until the child does an execve(2) or an _exit(2). The latter case should really be the more general process termination (i.e., either _exit(2) or abnormal termination). clock_getres.3 Michael Kerrisk CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not setabble According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but currently they are not. pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk, after a report by Karsten Weiss EINVAL occurs on some systems if stacksize != page-size On MacOS X at least, pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) can fail with EINVAL if 'stacksize' is not a multiple of the system page size. Best to mention this so as to aid people writing portable programs. pthread_create.3 Karsten Weiss Fix bug in EXAMPLE program The calloc() line should read like this instead: tinfo = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_info)); pthread_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: thread group with a dead leader and stop signals Document the bug that can occur when a stop signal is sent to a thread group whose leader has terminated. http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/611611 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=122525468300823&w=2 resolver.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix prototype of dn_expand() The 4th argument is "char *", not "unsigned char *". http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708 epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix error handling after accept() in example code Simply continuing after an error is in most cases wrong, and can lead to infinite loops (e.g., for EMFILE). So handle an error by terminating. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202 epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Add error handling for epoll_wait() call in example code epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Improve example code Fill in some gaps in example code (variable declarations, adding listening socket to epoll set). Give variables more meaningful names. Other minor changes. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202 iso_8859-7.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis Add characters for Drachma and Greek Ypogegrammeni Lines for these two characters were added in the previous patch, but the actual characters were not included in the 4th column of the table. This fixes that. pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Add a section describing thread IDs In particular, note that in each pthreads function that takes a thread ID argument, that ID by definition refers to a thread in the same process as the caller.